A collection of videos relating to the diagnosis and treatment of eye movement disorders. This collection includes many demonstrations of examination techniques.
Dan Gold, D.O., Associate Professor of Neurology, Ophthalmology, Neurosurgery, Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, Emergency Medicine, and Medicine, The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine.
A collection of videos relating to the diagnosis and treatment of eye movement disorders.
NOVEL: https://novel.utah.edu/
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Figure 61: Vascular Distribution and Anatomy (Including 6th, 7th, 8th Nerves, MLF) of the Pons (Supplement) | Image | |
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Figure 61: Vascular Distribution and Anatomy (Including 6th, 7th, 8th Nerves, MLF) of the Pons (Supplement) | Image | |
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CANVAS (Cerebellar Ataxia, Neuropathy, and Vestibular Areflexia Syndrome) Video Head Impulse Test (vHIT) Figure | CANVAS (Cerebellar Ataxia, Neuropathy, and Vestibular Areflexia Syndrome) is a genetic condition consisting of slowly progressive late-onset ataxia, bilateral vestibulopathy, sensory neuropathy, chronic cough, and autonomic dysfunction. While the term vestibular areflexia typically implies bilateral... | Image |
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Figure 51: Lateral Medullary Lesion Causing Saccadic Dysmetria (Supplement) | Image | |
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Figure 51: Lateral Medullary Lesion Causing Saccadic Dysmetria (Supplement) | Image | |
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Figure 53: Vascular Distribution and Anatomy Relevant to the Lateral Medullary (Wallenberg) Syndrome (Supplement) | Image | |
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Figure 53: Vascular Distribution and Anatomy Relevant to the Lateral Medullary (Wallenberg) Syndrome (Supplement) | Image | |
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Figure 64: The Course of the 3rd (III) Nerve (Supplement) | Image | |
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Figure 65: Vascular Distribution and Anatomy (Including 3rd Nerve) of the Rostral Midbrain (Supplement) | Image | |
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Figure 65: Vascular Distribution and Anatomy (Including 3rd Nerve) of the Rostral Midbrain (Supplement) | Image | |
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Figure 68: The Course of the 4th (IV) Nerve (Supplement) | Image | |
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Figure 69: Vascular Distribution and Anatomy (Including 4th Nerve) of the Caudal Midbrain (Supplement) | Image | |
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Figure 69: Vascular Distribution and Anatomy (Including 4th Nerve) of the Caudal Midbrain (Supplement) | Image | |
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Figure 80: Vascular Distribution and Anatomy Relevant to the Medial Medullary Syndrome (Supplement) | Image | |
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Figure 80: Vascular Distribution and Anatomy Relevant to the Medial Medullary Syndrome (Supplement) | Image | |
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Ocular Motor & Vestibular Features of the MLF Syndrome (Figures 1, 2, and 3) | This 61-year-old woman with HTN and DM presented for evaluation of acute onset diagonal diplopia. Adduction OS was about 60% of normal while medialization OS improved with convergence. In right gaze, dissociated abducting nystagmus was present OD, and there was a clear adduction lag when asking he... | Image |
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Vestibular Neuritis with + Head Impulse Test and Unidirectional Nystagmus (Figure 1) | Vestibular neuritis is the most common cause of the acute vestibular syndrome, which is characterized by continuous vertigo and spontaneous nystagmus lasting days. It may be mimicked by central causes, including stroke, but in the hands of subspecialists, the HINTS+ (Head Impulse, Nystagmus, Test of... | Image |
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A Comparison of Nystagmus and Saccadic Intrusions/Oscillations | Nystagmus can be classified into pendular and jerk waveforms, where both are generated by a slow, pathologic phase. Corrective phase (the position reset mechanism) differs. In pendular nystagmus, the eyes move back and forth with about the same velocity and amplitude, similar to that of a pendulum... | Image |
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Brainstem Ocular Motor Machinery | Seen here is a sagittal view of the brainstem. The medulla has a significant role in gaze-holding, and the nucleus prepositus hypoglossi (NPH, along with the medial vestibular nucleus ) is the horizontal neural integrator. The abducens (6th) nucleus is located in the dorsal pons, and sends off the 6... | Image/MovingImage |
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Medullary Structures Relevant to Upbeat Nystagmus | This is an axial section of the medulla, slightly more caudal as compared to (please refer to figure "medullary structures relevant to the ocular motor and vestibular consequences of the lateral medullary (Wallenberg) syndrome). Again seen are the inferior cerebellar peduncle (ICP) and caudal aspect... | Image |
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Sagittal Section of the Brainstem Showing Structures Related to Normal Eyelid Function | Seen here is a sagittal view of the brainstem, with the structures relevant to normal eyelid function highlighted. The M-group, which can be found medial to the riMLF (coordinates eye and lid movements), has (weak) projections to the facial nucleus for frontalis muscle contraction, and (strong) proj... | Image |
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Central Anatomy of the Fourth Nerve | The IVth or trochlear nucleus is located ventral to the central periaqueductal grey matter, dorsal to the medial longitudinal fasciculus (MLF) and medial to the oculosympathetic tract at the level of the inferior colliculus. The fascicles of the IVth nerve travel dorsally and caudally around the cen... | Image |
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Eyelid Anatomy | Seen here are the major muscles of eyelid opening and closure. The levator palpebrae, which is innervated by the oculomotor nerve, inserts on the tarsus via the levator aponeurosis and directly on the skin of the upper eyelid. The superior tarsal muscle (also known as Muller's muscle, which is inner... | Image |
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Pons: 6th and 7th Nerve Anatomy and the Central Segmental Tract | From this cross-section of the pons, the proximity of the 6th nucleus to the 7th nerve fascicles is apparent. This is the basis of the so-called facial colliculus syndrome, where an ipsilesional horizontal gaze palsy from a nuclear 6th lesion (usually related to stroke or demyelination) can be seen ... | Image |
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Coronal Section of the Brainstem Showing Ocular Motor Nuclei and Anatomy of the Vestibular Nucleus (with SCC Inputs) | (A) Seen here is a coronal view of the brainstem showing the locations of the ocular motor nuclei (IIIrd, IVth, VIth) as well as the nuclei of VII and VIII (vestibular and cochlear). The vestibular nucleus (VN) is divided into the inferior, lateral, medial, and superior subnuclei, and the medial ves... | Image |