NOVEL - Daniel Gold Collection
 
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1 ENG, VNG, & VOG𝗢𝗿𝗶𝗴𝗶𝗻𝗮𝗹 𝗗𝗲𝘀𝗰𝗿𝗶𝗽𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻: Electronystagmography (ENG), and videonystagmography (VNG) or videooculography (VOG) are a collection of tests of eye movements that are performed either using surface electrodes around the eye (ENG) or with video goggles...Text
2 Video Head Impulse Testing𝗢𝗿𝗶𝗴𝗶𝗻𝗮𝗹 𝗗𝗲𝘀𝗰𝗿𝗶𝗽𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻: The video head impulse test (vHIT) is a clinical assessment technique used to assess the function of the semicircular canals-the angular acceleration detectors-which initiate the vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR). The HIT and...Text
3 Audiometry𝗢𝗿𝗶𝗴𝗶𝗻𝗮𝗹 𝗗𝗲𝘀𝗰𝗿𝗶𝗽𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻: Audiometry is the measurement of the sensitivity and range of an individual's hearing. As many etiologies of imbalance, nystagmus, vertigo and/or dizziness can have an otologic origin the audiogram is an important piece o...Text
4 Rotary Chair Testing𝗢𝗿𝗶𝗴𝗶𝗻𝗮𝗹 𝗗𝗲𝘀𝗰𝗿𝗶𝗽𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻: Rotary chair testing includes rotation around a vertical axis, and evaluates the horizontal semicircular canal vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR). The patient sits in a mechanized chair with the head secured in a neutral posi...Text
5 Vestibular Evoked Myogenic Potentials (VEMPs)𝗢𝗿𝗶𝗴𝗶𝗻𝗮𝗹 𝗗𝗲𝘀𝗰𝗿𝗶𝗽𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻: Vestibular-evoked myogenic potentials (VEMP) are electromyographic potential reflex tests that reflect the function of the saccule in cervical VEMP and the utricle in ocular VEMP.1 In the cervical VEMP an inhibitory refle...Text
6 Caloric Testing𝗢𝗿𝗶𝗴𝗶𝗻𝗮𝗹 𝗗𝗲𝘀𝗰𝗿𝗶𝗽𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻: Caloric testing is a peripheral vestibular test which takes advantage of the fact that the labyrinth is sensitive to temperature changes. Warm stimulation causes excitation of the semicircular canals while cold stimulatio...Image/MovingImage
7 Summary of the Most Common Audio-Vestibular TestingChart describing common audio-vestibular testing.Text
8 Audiometry: What Does It Look Like and How Do I Interpret It?An audiogram measures a patient's auditory threshold responses with pure-tone stimuli across a range of sound frequencies that are important for human communication, typically 250 Hz to 8000 Hz. The threshold is the sound intensity level at which an individual detects the tone 50% of the time. Heari...Text
9 What is the Cause of My Patient's Hearing Loss?This is a flowsheet differentiating multiple causes of hearing loss. The onset and chronicity of hearing loss is a critical starting point in understanding whether urgent action is needed, such as in the setting of suspected stroke or sudden sensorineural hearing loss. For hearing loss that has been...Text
10 Maddox Rod and Red Glass Testing𝗢𝗿𝗶𝗴𝗶𝗻𝗮𝗹 𝗗𝗲𝘀𝗰𝗿𝗶𝗽𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻: Describing the basics of strabismus.Text
11 Semicircular PathwaysOnce the semicircular canal fibers leave the peripheral labyrinth, they synapse in the ipsilateral vestibular nucleus, and then ascend to the ocular motor nuclei. This enables the vestibulo-ocular reflex to respond to head movements in the plane of any canal or combination of canals.Text
12 Vertical Semicircular Canal PathwaysAnterior Canal Pathway Afferents that originate in the anterior canals (AC) of the peripheral labyrinth first synapse in the ipsilateral vestibular nucleus. Three pathways exist: 1) medial longitudinal fasciculus (MLF) - right AC afferents to right medial vestibular nucleus (MVN), decussate and asc...Image
13 Approach to the Ocular Motor and Vestibular History and ExaminationHistory and examination of ocular motor and vestibular.Text
14 The Most Common Vestibular Conditions Categorized by Timing and Triggers, with Specific Historical Features that Should be Sought for Each (Adapted from Approach to the Ocular Motor and Vestibular History and Examination)Adapted from https://collections.lib.utah.edu/ark:/87278/s64x9bq1Text
15 Atypical PC BPPV Variant FiguresFigure 1: Atypical posterior canal BPPV variants The labyrinth consists of the cochlea (C), two otolithic organs including utricle (U) and saccule (S), and three semicircular canals including anterior canal (AC), horizontal canal (HC), and posterior canal (PC). A. If otoconia are located within the ...Image
16 The Affected-Ear-up 90 degree Maneuver (HC-Canalithiasis)The Affected-Ear-up 90 degree Maneuver is used to treat horizontal canal-canalithaisis. 1. The patient starts in a supine position. 2. The patient rotates their head 90 degrees towards the unaffected side. 3. The patient sits up.Text
17 Bow and Lean TestThe Bow and Lean Test is used to identify the affected side and is designed to be used in conjunction with or after the Supine Roll Test. Within this test a null point may exist where the nystagmus will extinguish because the cupula is in a gravity neutral position. As this test involves the patient...Text
18 The Canalith Repositioning Maneuver/Epley Maneuver for Right Posterior Canal Benign Paroxysmal Positional VertigoPosterior canal (PC) accounts for 70-90% cases of BPPV [1-3] and resolves with canalith repositioning maneuvers 90% of the time [4-20]. The Epley maneuver is considered a gold-standard treatment, with class 1 evidence for use.Text
19 The Gans Maneuver for Right Posterior Canal Benign Paroxysmal Positional VertigoThis maneuver is recommended for individuals with cervical restrictions or precautions, as the maneuver avoids cervical hyperextension and may reduce cervical pain associated with repositioning maneuvers. The Epley maneuver has higher subjective and objective success rates compared to the Gans maneu...Text
20 Gufoni Maneuver for Right Horizontal Canal-Cupulolithiasis (Apgeotropic Nystagmus)The Gufoni Maneuver can be used to treat horizontal canal cupulolithaisis. 1. The patient starts in a seated position. 2. The patient transitions quickly to lying on their affected side. 3. The patient lies on their affected side for two minutes with the head in a neutral position. 4. The patient's ...Text
21 Kim Maneuver for Anterior Canal BPPVThe Kim Maneuver for Anterior Canal can be used to treat individuals with anterior canal BPPV. 1. The patient's head is turned 45 degrees towards the unaffected side. 2. The patient transitions into a supine position with the head hanging 30 degrees below the horizon. 3. After two minutes, the head ...Text
22 The Kim Maneuver for Right Horizontal CupulolithiasisThe Kim Maneuver is used to treat horizontal canal cupulolithiasis cases where the otoconia may be located on either side of the cupula. 1. The patient begins in a supine position. 2. The patient's head is turned 135 degrees towards the affected side and oscillation is applied to the affected side f...Text
23 Modified Zuma for Right Horizontal Canal Canalithiasis (Geotropic Nystagmus)The Modified Zuma maneuver is used to treat horizontal canal canalithiasis (geotropic nystagmus. 1. Patient begins in a seated position. 2. The patient's head is rotated 45 degrees towards the unaffected side. 3. The patient transitions to lying on their affected side and maintains this position for...Text
24 Right Dix Hallpike TestThe Dix-Hallpike tests for benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV). A test is positive when a patient reports vertigo, dizziness, or sensation of movement or falling with nystagmus present. When the head is in this position, it allows the posterior canal to be aligned with the gravitational vect...Text
25 Right Half Hallpike TestThe Half Hallpike Test compliments the Dix Hallpike Test and is traditionally used to assist with the diagnosis of posterior canal-benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BC-BPPV), cupulolithiasis, as it may produce a greater degree of deflection under the action of gravity without latency when the ot...Text
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