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Convergence-Retraction Nystagmus in Dorsal-Midbrain Syndrome | Paul Freund, MD, FRCSC; Edward Margolin, MD, FRCSC | A man in his early twenties was referred by optometrist for abnormal eye motility findings. He had a remote history of an excised pinealoma. On exam he had almost complete upgaze palsy, convergence-retraction nystagmus on attempted upgaze, and light-near dissociation of pupillary reaction, the class... | Dorsal Midbrain Syndrome; Parinaud Syndrome; Convergence-Retraction Nystagmus; Light-Near Dissociation |
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Vergence Eye Movements | Yu Hsin Chen; Amanda Dean Henderson, MD | Vergence (e.g. convergence and divergence), a class of eye movements that rotates the eyes in opposite directions (disjunctive), serves to hold image on the fovea of both eyes in order to obtain a single, clear image. This presentation overviews the neurology and examinations of vergence response, w... | Convergence; Convergence Insufficiency; Convergence Spasm; Divergence; Divergence Insufficiency |