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1 Kestle, John R. W.Cerebrospinal fluid shunt technologySince the invention of the first implantable shunt valve by Nulsen and Spitz (12) almost 50 years ago, there has been a remarkable number of ingenious modifications and new designs of shunt equipment to treat pediatric hydrocephalus. These developments were in response to the immediately evident hi...Shunt technology; Valve design2000
2 Kestle, John R. W.Change in ventricular size and effect of ventricular catheter placement in pediatric patients with shunted hydrocephalusOBJECTIVE: The multicenter, randomized pediatric cerebrospinal fluid shunt valve design trial found no difference in the rate of shunt failure between a standard valve, a siphon-reducing valve (Delta; Medtronic PS Medical, Goleta, CA), and a flow-limiting valve (Orbis Sigma; Cordis, Miami, FL); ho...Shunt failure; Valve design; Ventricular size; Ventricular catheter placement1999
3 Kestle, John R. W.Randomized trial of cerebrospinal fluid shunt valve design in pediatric hydrocephalusOBJECTIVE: Forty percent of standard cerebrospinal fluid shunts implanted for the treatment of pediatric hydrocephalus fail within the first year. Two new shunt valves designed to limit excess flow, particularly in upright positions, were studied to compare treatment failure rates with those for st...Shunt failure; Valve design; Orbis-Sigma valve; Delta valve1998
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