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Creator | Title | Description | Subject | Date |
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Mallon, Ronald | 'Race': normative, not metaphysical or semantic | In recent years, there has been a flurry of work on the metaphysics of race. While it is now widely accepted that races do not share robust, biobehavioral essences, opinions differ over what, if anything, race is. Recent work has been divided between three apparently quite different answers. A varie... | | 2006 |
| 2 |
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Battin, Margaret P. | A midwife through the dying process: stories of healing and hard choices at the end of life | In Timothy Quill's recounting of the deaths of nine patients, the final description is of the planned death of Jules: at home, surrounded by family members, and aided by a physician. It is a moving, true story, recounted in meticulous detail, from the first diagnosis to the final dose of barbiturat... | | 1997 |
| 3 |
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Francis, Leslie | A wrongful case for parental tort liability | Malek and Daar [M&D] argue that parents have a duty to employ prenatal genetic diagnosis (PGD) if they undergo IVF knowing they are at risk of transmitting a serious genetic condition. Although M&D limit their analysis to parents already undergoing PGD, in which they say the parental obligation is s... | | 2012-01-01 |
| 4 |
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Francis, Leslie | Accommodating every body | This Article contends that workplace accommodations should be predicated on need or effectiveness instead of group-identity status. It proposes that, in principle, "accommodating every body" be achieved by extending Americans with Disabilities Act-type reasonable accommodation to all work-capable me... | | 2014-01-01 |
| 5 |
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Nichols, Shaun | Adaptive complexity and phenomenal consciousness | Focuses on epiphenomenalism problems in arguments about evolutionary function of phenomenal consciousness. Implications of cognitive neuropsychology evidence for the structure of phenomenal consciousness; Distinction of different kinds of epiphenominalist arguments; Provision of a developmental basi... | Cognitive neuroscience; Cognizant; Exceptional | 2001-09-11 |
| 6 |
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Andreou, Chrisoula | Addiction, procrastination, and failure points in decision-making systems | Redish et al. suggest that their failures-in-decision-making framework for understanding addiction can also contribute to improving our understanding of a variety of psychiatric disorders. In the spirit of reflecting on the significance and scope of their research, I briefly develop the idea that t... | Addiction; Failure in decision-making systems | 2008-08 |
| 7 |
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Battin, Margaret P. | Age rationing and the just distribution of health care: is there a duty to die? | These lines express a view again stirring controversy: that the elderly who are irreversibly ill, whose lives can be continued only with substantial medical support, ought not to be given treatment; instead, their lives should be brought to an end. It should be recognized, as one contemporary politi... | | 1987 |
| 8 |
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Battin, Margaret P. | Age-rationing and the just distribution of health care: Is there a duty to die? | The author analyzes the argument that a policy involving distributive justice in the allocation of scarce health care resources, based on the strategy of rational self interest maximation under a veil of ignorance (Rawls/Daniels), would result in an age rationing system of voluntary, socially encour... | Health care providers; Death; Euthanasia | 1987-01 |
| 9 |
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Battin, Margaret P. | Aging and ethics: philosophical problems in gerontology | Aging and Ethics addresses a crucial issue: In order to address the dilemmas aging poses concerning distributive justice in health care, don't we need to rethink both the personal and social significance of old age? | | 1993 |
| 10 |
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Battin, Margaret P. | Applied professional ethics and institutional religion: the methodological issues | In the last several years, philosophical enthusiasm for applied professional ethics has spread from medicine to law, education, government, engineering, business, and to other professional and semiprofessional fields. Each involves an institutional structure within which professional practitioners p... | Professional ethics; Religion; Applied ethics | 1984 |
| 11 |
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Millgram, Elijah | Aristotle on making other selves | There is still a relative paucity of discussion of the views on friendship that Aristotle presents in the Nicomachean Ethics, although some recent work may indicate a new trend. One suspects that this paucity reflects a belief that those views are not very interesting; if true, this witnesses to an ... | Virtue-friendship; Nicomachean Ethics; Non-instrumental friendship | 1987 |
| 12 |
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White, Nicholas P. | Aristotle on sameness and oneness | Before I begin, let me get one substantial issue out of the way. Recently certain views which are in many ways similar to Aristotle's have been expounded in connection with the idea that there is something wrong with the words "same" and "identical" used by themselves, and that we should instead mak... | Leibniz' Law; Metaphysics; Greek philosophers | 1971-04 |
| 13 |
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Battin, Margaret P. | Assisted suicide: can we learn from Germany? | As the United States' public discussion of euthanasia and assisted suicide grows increasingly volatile, our interest in the Netherlands--the only country that openly permits the practice of euthanasia--has grown enormously. How do they do it? we ask. What drugs do they use? How many cases of euthan... | Assisted suicide; Netherlands; Right to die | 1992 |
| 14 |
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Landesman, Bruce M. | Berman, Marshall. Adventures in marxism | This book contains an introduction and thirteen short pieces previously published in such journals as the Nation, the New York Times Book Review, New Politics, and Dissent, dating from 1963 to 1998. | Capitalism; Human; System | 2001 |
| 15 |
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Millgram, Elijah | Book review: Candace Vogler's, John Stuart Mill's Deliberative Landscape | This is a review of Candace Vogler's John Stuart Mill's Deliberative Landscape. Vogler's explores Mill's mental breakdown and its effect on his Philosophy;. In addition, Vogler's treatment is an intervention in the contemporary debate about practical reasoning. Both in its impressive control of t... | Book review; Determinism; Moral Philosophy | 2002 |
| 16 |
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Battin, Margaret P. | C. G. Prado, choosing to die: elective death and multiculturalism | The central practical issue that this thorough, stimulating, and important book addresses is whether suicide can be rational in the context of terminal illness. Answers to this issue can be readily formulated in the familiar context of western political thought, with its liberal paradigm of autonomy... | | 2008 |
| 17 |
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Downes, Stephen M. | Can scientific development and children's cognitive development be the same process? | Assesses the value of the developmental psychology of science proposed by Alison Gopnik and Andrew Meltzoff to the understanding of scientific development. Role of distinctions between ontogeny and phylogeny when appealing to biology for theoretical support; Conception of cognition as a set of verid... | Cognition; Developmental psychology; Ontogeny; Phylogeny; Science, Philosophy | 2001-09-11 |
| 18 |
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Thalos, Mariam G. | Capitalization in the St. Petersburg Game: why statistical distributions matter | In spite of its infinite expectation value, the St. Petersburg game is not only a gamble without supply in the real world, but also one without demand at apparently very reasonable asking prices. We offer a rationalizing explanation of why the St. Petersburg bargain is unattractive on both sides (to... | | 2013-01-01 |
| 19 |
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Battin, Margaret P. | Case comment: the case of Nicole: suicide and terminal illness | What shall one say about Nicole? My immediate answer is an easy one-liner: if there ever were a case in which a choice of suicide appears both rational and rationally made, this seems to be it. | | 1933 |
| 20 |
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Battin, Margaret P. | Cases for kids: using puzzles to teach aesthetics to children | Nothing stupefies kids (I have in mind young people, though the same is true of many adults) as quickly as long-winded, jargon-filled, highly abstract theoretical discourse, especially when it seems to have no immediate utility. Kids like fun. They like play; they like games; they like challenges an... | Aesthetics; Education; Children; Puzzles | 1994 |
| 21 |
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Haber, Matthew | Coherence, consistency, and cohesion: Clade selection in Okasha and beyond | Samir Okasha argues that clade selection is an incoherent concept, because the relation that constitutes clades is such that it renders parent-offspring (reproduction) relations between clades impossible. He reasons that since clades cannot reproduce, it is not coherent to speak of natural selection... | Biological classification; Cladistics; Taxonomy | 2005-12 |
| 22 |
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Tuttle, Howard N. | Comment on Professor Jordan's paper | In these remarks I would like to elaborate what I understand to be the thrust of Professor Jordan's paper, and to introduce and relate to his work a notion of lived experience, which is suggested to me by his material throughout. Professor Jordan claims that the phenomena investigated by the moral ... | Moral science; Moral scientists; Professor Jordan | 1976 |
| 23 |
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Thalos, Mariam G. | Common need for classical epistemological foundations: against a feminist alternative | The difficulties of justifying a recipe for scientific inquiry that calls for sensory experience and logic as sole ingredients can hardly be overestimated. Resolving the riddles of induction, steadily mounting against empiricism since Hume, has come to seem like an exercise in making bricks without... | Epistomology; Feminism; Sensory experience; Logic; Inductive inference | 1994 |
| 24 |
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Andreou, Chrisoula | Communicative Action and Rational Choice by Joseph Heath [review] | A review of Communicative Action and Rational Choice, in which the author, Joseph Heath, develops an insightful account of practical reason that builds on his critical evaluations of both Jurgen Habermas's theory of communicative action and the instrumental conception of rationality. | Action; Communication; Rationality; Choice; Book review | 2002 |
| 25 |
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Francis, Leslie | Competitive sports, disability, and problems of justice in sports | A "level playing field" is a stock metaphor for equality. Despite its status as a near-cliché, however, the metaphor has been given limited theoretical attention. Deliberately tilting the field so that one set of contestants must consistently run uphill while their opponents get a downhill ride is... | Level playing field; Competitive sports | 2005 |
| 26 |
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Nichols, Shaun | Confabulation, confidence, and introspection | Carruthers' arguments depend on a tenuous interpretation of cases from the confabulation literature. Specifically, Carruthers maintains that cases of confabulation are "subjectively indistinguishable" from cases of alleged introspection. However, in typical cases of confabulation, the self-attributi... | Confabulation; Carruthers | 2009-04 |
| 27 |
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Landesman, Bruce M. | Confidentiality and the lawyer-client relationship | The Model Rules of Professional Conduct proposed by the American Bar Association differ from the presently enforced Code of Professional Responsibility in a number of ways. This essay focuses on the differences with regard to the scope and limits of confidentiality in the lawyer-client relationship. | Professional Conduct; Confidentiality; Professional Responsibility | 2006-06-16 |
| 28 |
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White, Nicholas P. | Conflicting parts of happiness in Aristole's Ethics | Examines the concept of happiness based on Aristotle's view of ethics. Linkage between issues of ethics and altruism; Comparison between Kantian View and Hegelian View about the existence of a genuine dualism; Inclusivism as a common element in Aristotle's ethics; Conflicting parts of happiness. | Criticism; Happiness, moral & ethical aspects | 2001-09-17 |
| 29 |
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Battin, Margaret P. | Continuous sedation until death: moral justifications of physicians and nurses─a content analysis of opinion pieces | Continuous Sedation until Death (CSD), the act of reducing or removing the consciousness of an incurably ill patient until death, often provokes medical-ethical discussions in the opinion sections of medical and nursing journals. A content analysis of opinion pieces in medical and nursing literature... | | 2012-01-01 |
| 30 |
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Battin, Margaret P. | Contributions of aesthetics | The most tempting answer to the question posed as the topic for these remarks -- "what can aesthetics contribute to a young person's ability to understand and value art?" -- is "nothing", or, at least, "embarrassingly little". Aesthetics, after all, is a field of philosophy, and hence a field dedi... | | 1988 |
| 31 |
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Battin, Margaret P. | Coping with methuselah the impact of molecular biology on medicine and society | The prospect of extra-long life spawns a bloom of ethical issues, among them how to achieve intergenerational equity; how to balance health care entitlements with rising costs for the elderly; how to divide years of life between work and retirement; how to assign the responsibilities of young family... | | 2004 |
| 32 |
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Francis, Leslie | Creation Ethics and the harms of existence | David DeGrazia's Creation Ethics1 is a fascinating effort to present a consistent account of creation in many contexts-from reproduction, to self-creation through genetic enhancement, to the creation of entire future generations. For reasons of space, this comment addresses the related discussions o... | | 2014-01-01 |
| 33 |
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Kukathas, Chandran | Cultural contradictions of socialism | While no one has yet announced the death of capitalism, reports of its imminent demise have been as numerous as they have been exaggerated. Such reports have usually been bolstered by thoughtful analyses of the fundamental contradictions of capitalism, which was expected to come sliding-if not crash... | Economic systems; Social organization | 2002-11-22 |
| 34 |
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Battin, Margaret P. | Death ethics: religious and cultural values in prolonging and ending life | In this sequel to his earlier Birth Ethics, Kenneth Vaux again uses what he calls a 'multiphasic ethical scheme," incorporating naturalistic, humanistic, and theistic values to explore the issues of suicide, euthanasia, letting die, genocide, withdrawing life supports, and other end-of-life issues. | | 1994 |
| 35 |
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Battin, Margaret P. | Death ethics: religious and cultural values in prolonging and ending life (book review) | A review of the book "Death Ethics: Religious and Cultural Values in Prolonging and Ending Life" by Kenneth L. Vaux. | Books; Life; End of life | 1994-07 |
| 36 |
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Landesman, Bruce M. | Decent society (book review) | Review of the book `The Decent Society,' by Avishai Margalit. | Books; Philosophy | 1997-07 |
| 37 |
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Chatterjee, Deen | Democracy beyond borders: justice and representation in global institutions | A book review of Andrew Kuper's Democracy Beyond Borders: Justice and Representation in Global Institutions. | Book review; Democracy; Global governance | 2006-04 |
| 38 |
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Newman, Lex | Descartes on unknown faculties and our knowledge of the external world | Descartes introduces his skeptical arguments, in the First Meditation, in an order of increasing strength. First, the narrator-meditator notices that judgments concerning the nature of small and distant objects are unreliable; later, that even sensory judgments about large and close objects are in d... | Corporeal existence; Skeptical argument | 1994 |
| 39 |
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Newman, Lex | Descartes' epistemology | René Descartes (1596-1650) is widely regarded as the father of modern Philosophy;. His noteworthy contributions extend to mathematics and physics. This entry focuses on his philosophical contributions in the theory of knowledge. Specifically, the focus is on the epistemological project of Descartes... | Descartes; Philosophy;; Epistemology | 2005-04-14 |
| 40 |
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Downes, Stephen M. | Disunity of science (book review) | Review of the book `The Disunity of Science: Boundaries, Contexts, and Power,' edited by Peter Galison and David J. Stump | Books; Science; Disunity | 2001-09-24 |
| 41 |
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Nichols, Shaun | Do children think of the self as the soul? | Bering's work provides new insight into the child's concept of the self. For his results indicate that children don't regard bodily identity as required for identity of self across time. Bering's methodology for investigating afterlife beliefs might also be exploited to explore the extent to which c... | | 2006-10 |
| 42 |
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Millgram, Elijah | Does the categorical imperative give rise to a contradiction in the will? | The Brave New World-style utilitarian dystopia is a familiar feature of the cultural landscape; Kantian dystopias are harder to come by, perhaps because, until Rawls, Kantian morality presented itself as a primarily personal rather than political program. This asymmetry is peculiar for formal reas... | Categorical imperative; Dystopia; Self-refutation | 2003 |
| 43 |
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Battin, Margaret P. | Dreariness of aesthetics (continued), with a remedy | In 1951, J. A. Passmore shamelessly titled an essay "The Dreariness of Aesthetics." Drawing on John Wisdom's earlier complaints, he denounced aesthetics' dullness, its pretentiousness, and the fact that it was "peculiarly unilluminating." What Passmore had in mind were the vapid abstractions and m... | Aesthetics; Aestheticians; Art; Beauty | 1986 |
| 44 |
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Battin, Margaret P. | Dying in 559 beds: efficiency, "best buys," and the ethics of standardization in national health care | In The Notebooks of Malte Laurids Brigge, the "heavy, difficult book" begun in Rome during the winter of 1903-4 and not finished until 1910 in Paris, Rilke employs a series of rapid, jolting impressions to express his pervasive concern with death and his distress about the institutional character o... | | 1992 |
| 45 |
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Hanna, Patricia Lee | Education, society, and human nature: an introduction to the Philosophy; of education (book review) | A review of the book "Education, society, and human nature: an introduction to the Philosophy; of education" by Anthony O'Hear. | Books, reviews; Education, Philosophy | 1982-07 |
| 46 |
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Landesman, Bruce M. | Egalitarianism | Despite the popularity of equality as a political value, egalitarianism as a political theory has never, I think, been fully or successfully defended. I aim in this paper to begin the defense of such a view. The egalitarianism I have in mind has as its ideal a condition of equal wellbeing for all p... | Equality; Equal; Theory | 1983 |
| 47 |
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Francis, Leslie | Eminent domain compensation in the Western states: a critique of the fair market value model | Both the United States Constitution and the constitutions of the states of the intermountain west and the Pacific Coast prohibit the state from taking property without paying just compensation. Thus, there are two basic issues in any eminent domain case. First, has governmental interference with pro... | Eminent domain; Compensation; Governmental interference; Fair Market Value | 2006-06-16 |
| 48 |
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Francis, Leslie | Employment and intellectual disability | Under recent decisions of the United States Supreme Court, people with disabilities alleging employment discrimination under the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) are caught in a vicious triangle. One vertex of the triangle is self-accommodation. Correcting for their impairments through effort,... | Americans with Disabilities Act; ADA; Intellectual disability | 2004 |
| 49 |
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Francis, Leslie | End of life decision-making for patients with dementia | In decision-making for patients with dementia, law and bioethics recognize two central goals: protecting the patient's autonomy and protecting the patient's best interests. These two objectives are not always consistent, however, nor easily applied over the long, downhill course experienced by mos... | | 2001 |
| 50 |
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Francis, Leslie | Ensuring the privacy and confidentiality of electronic health records | In 2004, President Bush announced his plan to ensure that most Americans would have electronic health records within ten years. Although substantial progress has been made toward achieving that goal, this progress has primarily reflected institutional interests and priorities by focusing on system ... | | 2007 |
| 51 |
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Hanna, Patricia Lee | Equal rights for children (book review) | A review of the book "Equal Rights for Children" by Howard Cohen. | Books, reviews; Equal rights; Children | 1982-04 |
| 52 |
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Plutynski, Anya | Ethical issues in cancer screening and prevention | November 2009's announcement of the USPSTF's recommendations for screening for breast cancer raised a firestorm of objections, Chief among them that the Panel bad insufficiently valued patients' lives or allowed cost considerations to influence recommendations. The publicity about the recommendation... | | 2012-01-01 |
| 53 |
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Landesman, Bruce M. | Ethical Marxism and its radical critics | Wilde defends what he calls Ethical Marxism. This is a familiar view, which many refer to as Marxist Humanism. According to Wilde, Marx holds that there is a human essence which involves freedom and the development of each individual's creative potential. This is achievable, however, only under cond... | Marxism; Book review | 2000 |
| 54 |
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Landesman, Bruce M. | Ethical Marxism and its radical critics (book review) | Reviews the book `Ethical Marxism and Its Radical Critics,' by Lawrence Wilde. | Books; Marxism; Philosophy | 2000-01 |
| 55 |
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Battin, Margaret P. | Euthanasia in alzheimer's disease? | Ought euthanasia be practiced for persons with advanced dementia? Although the issue of euthanasia is a topic of increasingly heated social debate, already tending to polarize those who support it as voluntary "aid-in-dying" and those who reject it as medical "killing," what is said about active eut... | | 1933 |
| 56 |
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Downes, Stephen M. | Evolution of agency and other essays (book review) | Reviews the book 'The Evolution of Agency and Other Essays,' by Kim Sterelny. | Agent, Philosophy;; Books, nonfiction | 2002-11-13 |
| 57 |
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Battin, Margaret P. | Excellent palliative care as the standard, physician-assisted dying as a last resort | To understand the role of physician-assisted death as a last-resort option restricted to dying patients for whom palliative care or hospice has become ineffective or unacceptable, one must understand how frequently and under what circumstances that occurs. If all such cases are the result of inadequ... | | 2004 |
| 58 |
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Plutynski, Anya | Explanation in classical population genetics | The recent literature in Philosophy; of biology has drawn attention to the different sorts of explanations proffered in the biological sciences--we have molecular, biomedical, and evolutionary explanations. Do these explanations all have a common structure or relation that they seek to capture? This... | Biology, Philosophy;; Explanation; Genetics; Life sciences; Population genetics; Science | 2005-12 |
| 59 |
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Nichols, Shaun | Explicit factuality and comparative evidence. | We argue that Dienes & Perner's (D&P's) proposal needs to specify independent criteria when a subject explicitly represents factuality. This task is complicated by the fact that people typically "tacitly" believe that each of their beliefs is a fact. This problem does not arise for comparative evide... | Philosophy;; Factuality; Dienes & Perner's Proposal | 1999-12-16 |
| 60 |
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Crowe, Benjamin D. | F. H. Jacobi on faith, or what it takes to be an irrationalist | F. H. Jacobi (1743-1819), a key figure in the philosophical debates at the close of the eighteenth century in Germany, has long been regarded as an irrationalist for allegedly advocating a blind ‘leap of faith'. The central claim of this essay is that this venerable charge is misplaced. Following... | | 2009-09 |
| 61 |
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Battin, Margaret P. | False dichotomy versus genuine choice the argument over physician-assisted dying | Despite a growing consensus that palliative care should be a core part of the treatment offered to all severely ill patients who potentially face death,1 challenging questions remain. How broad a choice should patients have in guiding the course of their own dying? What limitations should be placed ... | | 2004 |
| 62 |
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White, Nicholas P. | Forms and sensibles: Phaedo 74B-C | In Phaedo 74b6-c6 Plato offers an important argument for the proposition that such things as "the equal itself," i.e. such things as are often called "Forms," are distinct from sensible objects. The argument is especially important because it is one of a very small number of explicit arguments-perha... | Plato; Forms; Sensibles | 1987 |
| 63 |
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Thalos, Mariam G. | From human nature to moral Philosophy | In this essay I've illustrated the effects of exposing the question of the self to empirical scrutiny, showing that it leads to a partial dissolution of the manifest image. And that this, in turn, leads to seeking articulation of the relationship between moral and political Philosophy;, as to whethe... | Self; Empiricism; Moral Philosophy;; Political Philosophy | 2002 |
| 64 |
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Thalos, Mariam G. | From paradox to judgment: an essay on the metaphysics of expression | The Liar sentence is a singularly important piece of philosophical evidence. It is an instrument for investigating the metaphysics of expressing truths and falsehoods. And an instrument too for investigating the varieties of conflict that can give rise to paradox. It shall serve as perhaps the most ... | Liar sentence; Metaphysics; Paradox; Human Nature; Truth; Falsehood | 2005 |
| 65 |
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Thalos, Mariam G. | From paradox to judgment: towards a metaphysics of expression | The Liar sentence is a singularly important piece of philosophical evidence. It is an instrument for investigating the metaphysics of expressing truths and falsehoods. And an instrument too for investigating the varieties of conflict that can give rise to paradox. It shall serve as perhaps the most ... | Language; Sentences; Semantic | 2005 |
| 66 |
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Andreou, Chrisoula | Getting on in a varied world | Are greed and ruthlessness contrary to reason? Is immorality a form of irrationality? Much of contemporary ethical theory is a debate between Kantians, who argue that the dictates of morality are dictates of reason, and Humeans, who argue that reason is neutral between morality and immorality. T... | Kantians; Humeans; Immorality | 2006 |
| 67 |
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Kachi, Yukio | Gods, forms, and socratic piety | The recent resurgence in Socratic scholarship has been rather unconcerned with the religious dimension of Socrates' thought. Yet there can be no doubt that there is such a dimension, and that it is significant to his Philosophy;. After all, Socrates was tried and found guilty of impiety. | Socrates; Philosophy;; Divine | 1983 |
| 68 |
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Francis, Leslie | Group compromise: perfect cases make problematic generalizations | Rothstein argues that groups may be harmed by research on deidentified data. He concludes that researchers are obligated to minimize group harms and demonstrate respect for a studied group through robust opt-out capacities, information about the possibility of group-based harms, and publications ref... | | 2010-01-01 |
| 69 |
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Millgram, Elijah | Harman's hardness arguments | In "Change in View" Gilbert Harman produces arguments of the following pattern: Of two competing methods of belief revision, one is too hard; the other must therefore be the rational method. I will call arguments of this form hardness arguments. Hardness arguments are not, of course, peculiar to Har... | Philosophy;; Rationality; Reason; Cognition | 1991-09 |
| 70 |
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Hanna, Patricia Lee | Having children: philosophical and legal reflections on parenthood (Book Review) | A review of the book "Having Children: Philosophical and Legal Reflections on Parenthood". | Books, reviews; Parenthood; Philosophy; Law | 1981-07 |
| 71 |
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Landesman, Bruce M. | Health care in a national health program: a fundamental right | Do or should Americans have a right to health care or some appropriate level of it? To explore this difficult and complex question, we must say something about rights and ways to justify them; about considerations which favor a right to health care; about what level and kind of care the right may in... | Health care; Rights; Americans | 1992 |
| 72 |
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Crowe, Benjamin D. | Heidegger and the prospect of a phenomenology of prayer | An attempt to contribute to a "phenomenology of prayer" ought to begin with the recognition that the word "phenomenology" means many different things to many different people. Moreover, it must be recognized that none of these usages has any obvious claim to being the normative one. Given these ines... | | 2005 |
| 73 |
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Downes, Stephen M. | Herbert Simon's computational models of scientific discovery | Herbert Simon's work on scientific discovery deserves serious attention by philosophers of science for several reasons. First, Simon was an early advocate of rational scientific discovery, contra Popper and logical empiricist philosophers of science (Simon 1966). This proposal spurred on investigati... | Android epistemology; Psychological processes; Cognitive individualism | 1990 |
| 74 |
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Downes, Stephen M. | Heredity and heritability | Philosophical discussions of heredity have focused on the sustainability of heritability analyses and more recently on the units of heredity. Here I introduce the concept of heritability and the problems associated with it. Next the units of heredity discussion is introduced. Here I consider alterna... | DNA; Heredity; Heritability | 2004-07-15 |
| 75 |
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Battin, Margaret P. | High-risk religion | Among some of the more colorful groups on the American religious spectrum, the religious faith of believers seems to involve a willingness to take substantial physical risks"risks to health, to physical functioning, even the risk of death. These groups include several in which the risks a believer ... | Religion; Physical risk; Choice; Death | 1989 |
| 76 |
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Kukathas, Chandran | History of political theory and other essays (Book Review) | Reviews the book `The History of Political Theory and Other Essays,' by John Dunn. | Books; Political Theory | 2001-09-17 |
| 77 |
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Millgram, Elijah | Hume on practical reasoning (Treatise 463-469) | The claim that " 'is' does not entail 'ought'" is so closely associated with Hume that it has been called 'Hume's Law'.1 The interpretation of the passage in Hume's Treatise of Human Nature that is the locus classicus of the claim is controversial. But the passage is preceded by three main bodies ... | Morality; Human Nature; Deductive | 1997 |
| 78 |
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Kachi, Yukio | Hwa Yol Jung, Question of rationality and the basic grammar of intercultural texts | How can we understand other cultures? How can we talk and write about them without ethnocentric prejudice? These questions are as difficult as they are urgent. To begin with, we may say that to understand other cultures we must be objective. But if objectivity involves epistemological independence f... | Lateral universal; Book review; Jung, Hwa Yol | 1989 |
| 79 |
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Downes, Stephen M. | Importance of models in theorizing: a deflationary semantic view | It is commonly acknowledged in science that model construction is one of the most important components of theorizing. Philosophers of science are gradually coming to acknowledge this situation, spurred on by holders of the semantic view of theories. In this paper I wish to defend a very deflationary... | Theories; Mathematical; Scientific | 1992 |
| 80 |
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Haber, Matthew | In defense of the organism: Thomas Pradeu (Elizabeth Vitanza, trans.): The limits of the self: immunology and biological identity. New York: Oxford University Press, 2012, ix+302 pp, ISBN: 978-0-19-977528-6, $65 HB. | Thomas Pradeu's The Limits of the Self provides a precise account of biological identity developed from the central concepts of immunology. Yet the central concepts most relevant to this task (self and nonself ) are themselves deemed inadequate, suffering from ambiguity and imprecision. Pradeu seeks... | | 2014-01-01 |
| 81 |
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Mallon, Ronald | Innateness as closed process invariance | Although we are enthusiastic about a Darwinian approach to culture, we argue that the overview presented in the target article does not sufficiently emphasize the crucial explanatory role that psychology plays in the study of culture. We use a number of examples to illustrate the variety of ways by... | | 2006 |
| 82 |
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Andreou, Chrisoula | Instrumentally rational myopic planning | I challenge the view that, in cases where time for deliberation is not an issue, instrumental rationality precludes myopic planning. 1 show where there is room for instrumentally rational myopic planning, and then argue that such planning is possible not only in theory, it is something human beings ... | Rationality; Practical reason; Motivations | 2004 |
| 83 |
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Millgram, Elijah | Iris Murdoch. Existentialists and Mystics (Book Review) | Three of the essays in this career-spanning collection make up Dame Iris Murdoch's The Sovereignty of Good, a little classic which I regularly assign in my ethics courses. When I do, some of the students who have been impressed by it pick up one or another of her novels, and of those students, s... | Philosophy; Book Review | 1998 |
| 84 |
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Battin, Margaret P. | Irony of supporting physician-assisted suicide: a personal account | Under other circumstances, I would have written an academic paper rehearsing the arguments for and against legalization of physician-assisted suicide: autonomy and the avoidance of pain and suffering on the pro side, the wrongness of killing, the integrity of the medical profession, and the risk of... | | 2010-08 |
| 85 |
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Stark, Cynthia A. | Is pornography an action?: the causal vs. the conceptual view of pornography's harm | In the past few decades, a new position concerning the legal regulation of sexually explicit materials has emerged, disrupting the traditional polarity between conservatives (who generally support regulation) and liberals (who generally oppose regulation). This new position is an avowedly feminist v... | | 1997 |
| 86 |
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Millgram, Elijah | John Stuart Mill's Deliberative landscape (Book Review) | A review of the book "John Stuart Mill's Deliberative Landscape." by Candace Vogler. | John Stuart Mill; Books | 2002-08 |
| 87 |
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Millgram, Elijah | Jonathan Lear, Love and it's place in nature and Open minded: working out the logic of the soul | It's not hard to imagine why Love and Its Place in Nature (now in a second edition, with a new preface by the author) has, in the decade or so it has been in print, received less attention from the philosophical community than it deserves. Its subtitle announces it as a "A Philosophical Interpretati... | Philosophy; Book Review | 2006-09-19 |
| 88 |
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Battin, Margaret P. | July 4, 1826: explaining the same-day deaths of John Adams and Thomas Jefferson | John Adams and Thomas Jefferson died on the same day, July 4, 1826. Both were old men--Adams was 90, and Jefferson was 83--and both were ill, though Adams had been in comparatively robust health until just a few months earlier and Jefferson had been ill for an extended period. They had been rivals,... | Coincidence; Synchrony; Bioethics; Euthanasia; Suicide | 2005 |
| 89 |
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Francis, Leslie | Justice through trust: disability and the Outlier problem in Social Contract Theory | The article focuses on the flaws of the social contract theory. It explores how hostile the social contract as a bargaining process has been thought to distance disabled people from contract-based justice. It analyzes the argument that the history of social contract theory exclude the people with di... | Consensus, social sciences; Discrimination; Social contract; Social ethics; Sociology of disability | 2005-10 |
| 90 |
 |
Landesman, Bruce M. | Justice: cosmic or communal? | What are the ground rules to be used for determining the scope and breadth of justice? What human activities does it cover, how much does it demand, what duties does it require? How are conflicting "intuitions" on these matters to be adjudicated? These questions are raised by Theodore Benditt's "The... | | 1985 |
| 91 |
 |
Francis, Leslie | Knitting | My grandmother had long silver hair, high blood pressure, and congestive heart failure. She wore the silver hair in a bun during the day and in a braid at night. I remember her sitting in the day parlor of my grandparents? southern Illinois bungalow, telling the same stories of their small town, ove... | | 2008 |
| 92 |
 |
Francis, Leslie | Law and Philosophy;: from skepticism to value theory | To write about Philosophy; and law is both odd and daunting. It is odd because the topic seems to presuppose that the two fields are separate and that Philosophy; may be unfamiliar to legal practice and legal practitioners. Yet, recognized or not, Philosophy; is part of the ordinary life of law sch... | | 1993 |
| 93 |
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Battin, Margaret P. | Least worst death: selective refusal of treatment | In recent years "right-to-die" movements have brought into the public consciousness something most physicians have long known: that in some hopeless medical conditions, heroic efforts to extend life may no longer be humane, and the physician must be prepared to allow the patient to die. Physician re... | Death; Dying; Right to die; Natural death | 1983 |
| 94 |
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Battin, Margaret P. | Legal physician-assisted dying in Oregon and the Netherlands: evidence concerning the impact on patients in "vulnerable" groups | If physician-assisted suicide (PAS) and/or voluntary active euthanasia were legalised, would this disproportionately affect people in ‘‘vulnerable'' groups? Although principles of patient autonomy and the right to avoid suffering and pain may offer support for these practices, concerns about the... | Vulnerable groups; Oregon; Netherlands | 2007-10-01 |
| 95 |
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Francis, Leslie | Legitimate expectations, unreasonable beliefs, and legally mandated coverage of experimental therapy | Photographs of patients seeking contributions for expensive bone marrow transplants are an everyday image on supermarket checkout stands. Benefit concerts, newspaper stories, and community fundraisers pitch in to help patients who cannot otherwise afford expensive medical interventions. Patients wit... | Experimental therapy; Mandated coverage; Off-label drug uses | 2004 |
| 96 |
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Thalos, Mariam G. | The lens of chemistry | Chemistry possesses a distinctive theoretical lens?a distinctive set of theoretical concerns regarding the dynamics and transformations of a perplexing variety of organic and nonorganic substances?to which it must be faithful. Even if it is true that chemical facts bear a special (reductive) relati... | | 2012 |
| 97 |
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Battin, Margaret P. | Letter to the editor why the slippery slope isn't slippery: a reply to Walter M. Weber on the right to die | Walter M. Weber's remarks present a brief but revealing exposition of the right-to-life argument against legal recognition of the "right to die." I say "revealing" because while these remarks p[resent the conservative view perhaps as clearly as it has been set forth so far, they exhibit particularly... | | 1988 |
| 98 |
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Millgram, Elijah | Liberty, the higher pleasures, and Mill's missing science of ethnic jokes | The intended contribution to his moral theory of John Stuart Mill's famous distinction between higher and lower pleasures has occasioned long-standing puzzlement on the part of his more alert interpreters. I am going to explain how the distinction was meant, among other things, to allow Mill to demo... | Higher pleasures; Lower pleasures; Ethnic jokes | 2009 |
| 99 |
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Kukathas, Chandran | Looking backward: a critical appraisal of communitarian thought (Book Review) | Reviews the book `Looking Backward: A Critical Appraisal of Communitarian Thought,' by Derek L. Phillips. | Books; Communitarianism; Philosophy | 2001-09-17 |
| 100 |
 |
White, Nicholas P. | Making a necessity of Virtue (Book Review) | Reviews the book `Making a Necessity of Virtue,' by Nancy Sherman. | Books; Philosophy;; Virtue | 2001-09-18 |
| 101 |
 |
Landesman, Bruce M. | Margalit, Avishai. The decent society | The title of this book will surely pique the interest of political philosophers who have spent much time and energy in recent decades trying to capture the idea of justice. Margalit believes that in the quest for justice, decency has been overlooked. A decent society may or may not be a step to a ju... | Humiliate; Respect; Justice | 1997 |
| 102 |
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Landesman, Bruce M. | Marxism and philosophy in the twentieth century: a defense of vulgar Marxism (Book Review) | A review of "Marxism and philosophy in the twentieth century: a defense of vulgar Marxism" by Richard Hudelson. | Books; Marxism; Philosophy | 1991-10 |
| 103 |
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Millgram, Elijah | Mill's proof of the principle of utility | Mill's utilitarianism is very closely tied to his instrumentalism; that his argument for the Principle of Utility, while tight, is deeply incoherent; that the incoherence stems from an incoherence in instrumentalism; and that Mill's instrumentalism turns out to have been an island of apriorism in ... | Utility; Happiness; Rationalism | 2000 |
| 104 |
 |
Nichols, Shaun | Mind's "I" and the theory of mind's "I": introspection and two concepts of self | Introspection plays a crucial role in modern Philosophy; in two different ways. From the beginnings of modern Philosophy;, introspection has been used as a tool for philosophical exploration in a variety of thought experiments. But modern philosophers (e.g., Locke and Hume) also tried to characteri... | Introspection; Self; Self-awareness; Cognition | 2000 |
| 105 |
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Plutynski, Anya | Modeling evolution in theory and practice | This paper uses a number of examples of diverse types and functions of models in evolutionary biology to argue that the demarcation between theory and practice, or "theory model" and "data model." is often difficult to make. It is shown how both mathematical and laboratory models function as plausib... | Models; Theory; Data; Evolutionary biology | 2001 |
| 106 |
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Thalos, Mariam G. | Molecule-for-molecule duplication | Is a molecule-for-molecule duplicate D of some entity always a perfect duplicate of it? And in particular: is D a being with consciousness if its original is? These questions summarize a certain diagnostic tool used by metaphysicians, and prominently used in service of a form of dualism that is supp... | Molecule-for-molecule duplication; MFM | 2008 |
| 107 |
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Hanna, Patricia Lee | Moral dimensions of academic administration (Book Review) | Reviews the book `The Moral Dimensions of Academic Administration,' by Rudolph H. Weingartner. | Books, reviews; School management & organization; nonfiction | 2002-07 |
| 108 |
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Chatterjee, Deen | Moral distance: introduction | This issue of The Monist is devoted to the question of how we should gauge the moral significance of distance. "Moral distance," by analogy with "aesthetic distance," may signify degrees of moral indifference, but that is not the theme we are concerned with here. The problem of distance in mora... | Distance; Boundaries; Morality | 2003 |
| 109 |
 |
Stark, Cynthia A. | More than victims: battered women, the syndrome society, and the law (Book Review) | Review of the book "More than Victims: Battered Women, the Syndrome Society, and the Law" by Donald Alexander Downs. | Books; Philosophy; Domestic Violence | 1998-07 |
| 110 |
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Haber, Matthew | Morphology, ultrastructure, and function of extrafloral nectaries in three species of Caesalpiniacae | Light and electron microscopy reveal that the morphologically well-differentiated petiolar nectaries of Ckamaecrista fasciculata, Senna hepecarpa, and S. marilandica have an unusually simple anatomy consisting of an epidermis immediately subtended by a mass of small, loosely-packed parenchyma cells.... | Extrafloral nectaries; Morphology; Ultrastructure; Function; Cutin; Phloem; Parenchyma; Chamaecrista fascicu; Senna hepecarpa; Senna marilandic | 1999 |
| 111 |
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Landesman, Bruce M. | Multiculturalism and the politics of recognition (Book Review) | Reviews the book, Multiculturalism and "The Politics of Recognition,'' by Charles Taylor. Taylor's view that identity is shaped by the recognition of others; Human self-understanding as dialogical and not monological; Equal rights and nondiscrimination as axioms of rights-liberalism; Goal of cultura... | Books; Philosophy;; Multiculturalism | 1994-01 |
| 112 |
 |
Kukathas, Chandran | Multiculturalism of Fear (Book Review) | Reviews the book "The Multiculturalism of Fear," by Jacob Levy. | Books; Multiculturalism; Fear | 2003-10-16 |
| 113 |
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Millgram, Elijah | Murdoch, practical reasoning, and particularism | Particularism is a contemporary movement in moral Philosophy; that it is hard to know what to do with. On the one hand, it's hard to dismiss. Its ranks include respectable - even prominent - authors such as Jonathan Dancy, Margaret Little, John McDowell, David McNaughton and Richard Norman.1 It purp... | | 2002 |
| 114 |
 |
Tuttle, Howard N. | Negation of history | History is inevitably involved in our philosophical reflections about human nature and destiny. Yet in the past, Philosophy; has had an uneasy and questionable relationship to history. In this paper I would like to examine seven paradigmatic cases which hopefully will illustrate some crucial aspects... | | 1982 |
| 115 |
 |
Battin, Margaret P. | Nicole: suicide and terminal illness | The terminally ill person who plans suicide poses a clinical dilemma in suicidology. Issues of rational suicide are complicated. Although experts (Battin, 1991; Hoff, 1989; Motto, 1972; Pretzel, 1984; Saunders & Valente, 1988) recognize rational suicide, the prevailing paradigm of suicide preventio... | Terminal illness; Suicidology | 1993 |
| 116 |
 |
Francis, Leslie | No disability standpoint here!: law school faculties and the invisibility problem | Endeavors to increase diversity in higher education invite many questions, including concerns about consistent and categorical application of the motivating values. For example, do law schools, and especially elite law schools, do enough to promote inclusiveness in the legal profession if their eff... | Diversity; Higher education; Law school faculties; Invisibility problem | 2008 |
| 117 |
 |
Nichols, Shaun | Normativity and epistemic intuitions | In this paper we propose to argue for two claims. The first is that a sizable group of epistemological projects -- a group which includes much of what has been done in epistemology in the analytic tradition -- would be seriously undermined if one or more of a cluster of empirical hypotheses about ep... | Epistemology; Intuition; Empirical hypotheses | 2001 |
| 118 |
 |
Landesman, Bruce M. | Obligation to obey the law | It is often said that we have an obligation to obey the law just because it is the law. This idea has been espoused in the West at least as early as Socrates, and it is espoused today. It is not the special claim of any particular ideology, but has been held by advocates of most political persuasio... | Obedience; Moral; Legal | 1972 |
| 119 |
 |
Mallon, Ronald | Odd couple: the compatibility of social construction and evolutionary psychology | Examines the significance of evolutionary psychology and social constructionism in social sciences. Role of philosophical disputes in generating universal and local emotional phenomena; Relevance of adopting different theories of meaning and reference; Competition between philosophical disputes and ... | Emotions; Genetic psychology; Social Sciences, Philosophy | 2001-09-11 |
| 120 |
 |
Battin, Margaret P. | On being blue, a philosophical inquiry by William Gass | On Being Blue is a remarkable piece of rumination: it toes, wades, pulls its skirt up and immerses itself in the word 'blue.' Blue noses, blue laws, blue devils, blueblood; Gass begins by producing wonder, and we say: / didn't know the word 'blue' could be used in so many different ways. Bluebird, b... | | 1977 |
| 121 |
 |
Andreou, Chrisoula | On natural goodness by Philippa Foot | In her 1972 paper 'Morality as a System of Hypothetical Imperatives', Philippa Foot boldly challenged the common assumption that viciousness is a form of irrationality and embraced a picture of practical rationality according to which an agent's reasons for action are grounded in nothing other th... | Irrationality; Evaluation; Natural defect | 2005 |
| 122 |
 |
Thalos, Mariam G. | On planning: toward a natural history of goal attainment | The goal of the essay is to articulate some beginnings for an empirical approach to the study of agency, in the firm conviction that agency is subject to scientific scrutiny, and is not to be abandoned to high-brow aprioristic Philosophy;. Drawing on insights from decision analysis, game theory, gen... | | 2008 |
| 123 |
 |
Haber, Matthew | On probability and systematics: possibility, probability, and phylogenetic inference | In phylogenetic systematics, an ongoing debate has revolved around the appropriate choice of methodology for the construction of phylogenetic trees and inference of ancestral states. A recent paper by Mark Siddall and Arnold Kluge (Siddall and Kluge, 1997) advocates a privileged status for parsimon... | Phylogentic systematics; Probability; Possibility; Frequency; Propensity | 2005-10-01 |
| 124 |
 |
Nichols, Shaun | On the genealogy of norms: a case for the role of emotion in cultural evolution | Argues that emotional responses constitute one important set of mechanisms that affects the cultural viability of norms. Historical evidence indicating that 16th century etiquette norms prohibiting disgusting actions were much more likely to survive than other 16th century etiquette norms; Need for ... | Emotions; Etiquette; Social change; Social norms; Social aspects | 2002-07-29 |
| 125 |
 |
Battin, Margaret P. | On the relationship between suicide-prevention and suicide-advocacy groups | Largely in response to contemporary medicine's advancing technological capacities to extend the process of dying to extraordinary lengths, recent years have seen the emergence of numerous advocacy groups concerned with what is often called "death with dignity." For instance, the New York-based group... | Suicide prevention; Suicide advocacy; Death with dignity; Suicidology | 1982 |
| 126 |
 |
Battin, Margaret P. | On the relationship between suicide-prevention and suicide-advocacy groups | Largely in response to contemporary medicine's advancing technological capacities to extend the process of dying to extraordinary lengths, recent years have seen the emergence of numerous advocacy groups concerned with what is often called "death with dignity. | | 1982 |
| 127 |
 |
Battin, Margaret P. | On the structure of the euthanasia debate: observations provoked by a near-perfect for-and-against book. Review symposium on euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide | Something is amiss with the euthanasia debate, and I want to use a smart new book to try to show what it is. The book is Euthanasia and Physician- Assisted Suicide: For and Against, an eagerly awaited volume by three well-known philosophers, Gerald Dworkin, R. G. Frey, and Sissela Bok. Dworkin a... | Physician assisted suicide; Killing and letting die; medical profession | 2000 |
| 128 |
 |
Crowe, Benjamin D. | On the track of the fugitive Gods: Heidegger, Luther, Holderlin | At each of the decisive turning points in his philosophical career, Heidegger found inspiration in Holderlin. More recently, commentators have raised questions about the role that his reading of Holderlin played in Heidegger's political actions of the 1930s. It has been suggested that Heidegger's... | Philosophy;; Theology; Religion; Nationalism | 2007 |
| 129 |
 |
Downes, Stephen M. | Ontogeny of information: developmental systems and evolution (Book Review) | A review of the book "Ontogeny of information: developmental systems and evolution" by Susan Oyama. | Information theory, biology; Books; Developmental systems; Evolution | 2001-06-23 |
| 130 |
 |
Millgram, Elijah | Ontological meta-argument (and the ontological argument for the actuality of the world) | Would the Ontological Argument Greater Than Which None Can Be Conceived prove the existence of God? Might an ontological argument prove the actuality of the world (as Robert Nozick once suggested)? Should you believe that you're actual, even if you're not? And what happens if we attempt to answer t... | Meta-argument; Proof of God; Philosophical proofs | 2004 |
| 131 |
 |
Tuttle, Howard N. | Ortega's vitalism in relation to aspects of Lebensphilosophie and phenomenology | Jose Ortega y Gasset (1883-1955) claimed that since 1914, with the publication of his Meditations on Quixote, the basis of all his thinking had been the phenomenon of human life.' Both Ortega and his commentators have noted the similarity of his idea of human life to certain aspects of recent German... | | 1981 |
| 132 |
 |
Battin, Margaret P.; Francis, Leslie; Jacobson, Jay A. | Patients' understanding and use of advance directives | The Patient Self-Determination Act was implemented in December 1991. Before and after its implementation, we used a structured interview of 302 randomly selected patients to determine their awareness, understanding, and use of advance directives. Implementation of the Act did not have a major eff... | Living will; Medical care; Durable power of attorney | 1994 |
| 133 |
|
Battin, Margaret P.; Jacobson, Jay A.; Francis, Leslie P. | Patients' understanding and use of advance directives | The Patient Self-Determination Act was implemented in December 1991. Before and after its implementation, we used a structured interview of 302 randomly selected patients to determine their awareness, understanding, and use of advance directives. Implementation of the Act did not have a major effec... | | 1994 |
| 134 |
 |
Francis, Leslie | Penn Central Transportation Company v. New York City: easy taking-clause cases make uncertain Law. | In Penn Central Transportation Company v. New York City, the Supreme Court held that New York City's Landmarks Preservation Law as applied to Grand Central Terminal was not a "taking" of property for which compensation is constitutionally required. The decision has been hailed as a major victory for... | Law; Compensation; Property Rights; Landmarks Preservation Law; Supreme Court Rulings | 2006-06-16 |
| 135 |
 |
Francis, Leslie | Permissiveness and control (Book Review) | A review of the book "Permissiveness and Control". | Books; Philosophy | 1981-10 |
| 136 |
 |
Tuttle, Howard N. | Philosophical genesis of ideal types | The conception of ideal types as a method of the synthesis of sociohistorical phenomena was introduced by the German philosopher Wilhelm Dilthey (1883-1911). However, this fact has been largely ignored in the literature. That he was the originator of this notion is, I suppose, of only historical in... | Philosophy;; Social Sciences | 1980 |
| 137 |
 |
Landesman, Bruce M. | Physician attitudes toward patients | An 8-year-old child with a minor head injury is brought in to the emergency department and is judged by the physician to be completely normal. The parents say that a sibling had a skull fracture under similar circumstances and that they would sleep much better if a skull x-ray were taken. The physic... | Society-inclusive ethic; Rationing; Worry | 1986 |
| 138 |
 |
White, Nicholas P. | Plato's Ethics (Book Review) | Reviews the book `Plato's Ethics,' by Terence Irwin. | Books; Plato; Ethics | 2001-09-16 |
| 139 |
 |
Millgram, Elijah | Pleasure in practical reasoning | Practical reasoning often strikes philosophers as ungrounded. It seems to them that desires are to be justified by reasoning that proceeds from, inter alia, further desires, and these further desires are to be justified by reference to still further desires. Avoiding circularity and infinite regres... | | 1993 |
| 140 |
 |
Mallon, Ronald | Political liberalism, cultural membership and the family | In a recent article on developments in John Rawls's theory of justice, S.A. Lloyd notes a problem in Rawls's treatment of the family. In Political Liberalism (hereafter PL), Rawls concedes that his theory assumes that "in some form the family is just." And Lloyd takes this to mean that the principle... | Theory of justice; Equality; Upbringing | 1999 |
| 141 |
 |
Haber, Matthew | Poverty of the Linnaean Hierarchy: a philosophical study of biological taxonomy (book review) | The article reviews the book "The Poverty of the Linnaean Hierarchy: A Philosophical Study of Biological Taxonomy," by Marc Ereshefsky. | Biology, classification; Books, reviews; Nonficiton | 2005-12-15 |
| 142 |
 |
Millgram, Elijah | Practical reason and the structure of actions | A wave of recent philosophical work on practical rationality is organized by the following implicit argument: Practical reasoning is figuring out what to do; to do is to act; so the forms of practical inference can be derived from the structure or features of action. Now it is not as though earlier ... | Practical reasoning; Inference; Philosophy | 2005-08-24 |
| 143 |
 |
Battin, Margaret P. | Praying for a cure: when medical and religious practices conflict | This material is still protected by copyright. All rights reserved. Please contact the publisher for permission to copy, distribute or reprint | | 1999 |
| 144 |
 |
Downes, Stephen M. | Preface | This volume contains the collection of symposium papers presented at the Philosophy of Science Association Meeting in Montreal, November 4-6, 2010, selected for publication. The volume also contains Nancy Cartwright's presidential address at the 2010 PSA. The huge amount of work required to referee ... | | 2012-01-01 |
| 145 |
 |
Millgram, Elijah | Private persons and minimal persons | It's a commonplace that privacy can now be abridged and abdicated in ways that weren't routinely possible until very recently. I want here to draw attention to an alternative configuration of the mind that these techniques make available, which I will call the minimal person. My explication of minim... | | 2014-01-01 |
| 146 |
 |
Tuttle, Howard N. | Problem of natural law in Aristotle | In reading Aristotle's ethical, political, and jurisprudential writings we often come upon the term physis, which we may translate as "by the order of nature." In ancient political theory this term physis was often contrasted with nomos or "that which is by convention." I will argue in this paper t... | | 1978 |
| 147 |
 |
Battin, Margaret P.; Francis, Leslie P.; Jacobson, Jay A. | Quick easy questions for analyzing medical ethics cases | Sometimes, traditional philosophical ways of analyzing medical-ethics cases seem just too cumbersome, particularly to people without training in ethical theory. The issues are important, interesting, often compellingly engaging. but it isn't the time for heavy jargon, or terms like "deontology" or "... | | 1997 |
| 148 |
 |
White, Nicholas P. | Rational self-sufficiency and Greek ethics. | This is a book review of Martha C. Nussbaum's The Fragility of Goodness: Luck and Ethics in Greek Tragedy and Philosophy; (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1986). | Ethics; Moral Philosophy;; Book reviews | 1988 |
| 149 |
 |
Andreou, Chrisoula | Rationality and Freedom by Amartya Sen [review] | A review of Rationality and Freedom, the first of two volumes of essays by Amartya Sen on rationality, freedom, and justice. | Book review; Rationality; Freedom; Justice | 2003 |
| 150 |
 |
Crowe, Benjamin D. | Reasons for worship: a response to Bayne and Nagasawa | Worship is a topic that is rarely considered by philosophers of religion. In a recent paper, Tim Bayne and Yujin Nagasawa challenge this trend by offering an analysis of worship and by considering some difficulties attendant on the claim that worship is obligatory. I argue that their case for there... | Tim Bayne; Yujin Nagasawa; Obligatory worship; Divine command | 2007-12 |
| 151 |
 |
Francis, Leslie | Recent developments in genetic diagnosis: some ethical and legal implications | This essay outlines some of the ethical complexities genetic technology poses in two areas of decision-making: when to perform genetic testing and what to do with the information gained from genetic testing. | Genetic Technology; Genetic Testing; Ethics | 1986 |
| 152 |
 |
Haber, Matthew | Reframing the ethical issues in part-human animal research: the unbearable ontology of inexorable moral confusion | Research that involves the creation of animals with human-derived parts opens the door to potentially valuable scientific and therapeutic advances, yet invokes unsettling moral questions. Critics and champions alike stand to gain from clear identification and careful consideration of the strongest e... | | 2012-01-01 |
| 153 |
 |
Crowe, Benjamin D. | Religion and the 'sensitive branch' of human nature | Abstract: While the theses that (1) human beings are primarily passional creatures and that (2) religion is fundamentally a product of our sensible nature are both closely linked to David Hume, Hume's contemporary Henry Home, Lord Kames (1696-1782), also defended them and explored their implication... | | 2010-06 |
| 154 |
 |
Battin, Margaret P. | Report of the committee on physician-assisted suicide and euthanasia | In 1994 the Board of the American Association of Suicidology selected a Committee on Physician-Assisted Suicide and Euthanasia. It was asked to review the issues emerging in the growing controversy concerning euthanasia, physician-assisted suicide, palliative care, and the medical treatment of dyin... | Suicidology; Palliative care | 1996 |
| 155 |
 |
Kachi, Yukio | Review article on A.C. Graham, Reason and Spontaneity | This is a book review of A. C. Graham's Reason and Spontaneity, a book that advances the proposal to ground all values, whether prudential, moral, or aesthetic, in the imperative 'Be aware'. The empirical thesis concerns causal connections between awareness and motivation. | Book review; Values; Metaphysics | 1990 |
| 156 |
 |
Battin, Margaret P. | Review essay, on the structure of the euthanasia debate: observations provoked by a near-perfect for-and-against book | Something is amiss with the euthanasia debate, and I want to use a smart new book to try to show what it is. The book is Euthanasia and Physician-Assisted Suicide: For and Against, an eagerly awaited volume by three well-known philosophers, Gerald Dworkin, R. G. Frey, and Sissela Bok. Dworkin and F... | | 2000 |
| 157 |
 |
Battin, Margaret P. | Review of angels of death: exploring the euthanasia underground | Roger Magnusson's angels of death describes the practice of extralegal assisted suicide and euthanasia by physicians, nurses, technicians, and other health care professionals who provide care to seriously ill patients and patients with AIDS who are dying. It is based on a snowball sample of 49 detai... | | 2003 |
| 158 |
 |
Battin, Margaret P. | Review of euthanasia and law in Europe | Euthanasia and Law in Europe is an examination of physician-assisted dying or physician performed euthanasia and the laws concerning these practices in European jurisdictions where the issue has been most visible. The Author's focus primarily on the Netherlands, where the practice has been open si... | | 2009 |
| 159 |
 |
White, Nicholas P. | Review of J. Annas and J. Barnes, 'The modes of scepticism' | This is a review of Julia Annas and Jonathan Barnes book, The Modes of Scepticism: Ancient Texts and Modern Interpretations. This book contains translations of material from Philo of Alexandria, Diogenes Laertius, and Sextus Empiricus concerning the ancient 'modes' or 'tropes' of skeptical argument... | Skepticism; Book review; Tropes (Philosophy;) | 1988 |
| 160 |
 |
White, Nicholas P. | Review of J. Moline, "Plato's theory of understanding | The Introduction to this book promises a " synoptic" (p. xi; cf. p. 183) account of Plato's concept (£moi;f]UT|), which Prof. Moline says is the "central integrating concept" of Plato's dialogues (p. ix). The term "synoptic" here appears to mean that the book treats and links problems in such ar... | Synoptic; Knowledge; Meaning | 1983 |
| 161 |
 |
White, Nicholas P. | Review of Jan Szaif: Platons Begriff der Wahrheit | This work, a dissertation, contains two main parts. One occupies pp. 25-324, the other pp. 327-509. A brief passage, pp. 510-531, connects them. The first part treats the uses of alethes and cognates in Plato's early and middle works; the second mainly deals with the problems in the Theaetetus and ... | | 1999 |
| 162 |
 |
Downes, Stephen M. | Review of Jarrett Leplin, Novel Defense of Scientific Realism | Many historians of science may hope that philosophers will one day stop arguing about scientific realism and come and join in the hard business of achieving a historically informed understanding of science. But Jarrett Leplin's book guarantees that there will be more arguing about scientific realism... | Concept of novelty; Uniqueness; Logical relations | 1999 |
| 163 |
 |
Downes, Stephen M. | Review of Kim Sterelny, Evolution of Agency and Other Essays | Reviews the book 'The Evolution of Agency and Other Essays,' by Kim Sterelny. | Books; Agent; Non-fiction | 2002-09 |
| 164 |
 |
White, Nicholas P. | Review of M. Schofield and G. Striker, eds., 'The Norms of Nature' | This is a review of of The Norms of Nature: Studies in Hellenistic Ethics, edited by Malcom Schofield and Gisela Striker. The book contains nine studies on Epicurean, Stoic, and Skeptic views on value and ethics. | Book review; Values; Epicureans (Greek Philosophy;); Stoics; Philosophy;, Ancient | 1990 |
| 165 |
 |
White, Nicholas P. | Review of Mary Margaret McCabe, "Plato's individuals | This book is an exploration of themes in Plato's metaphysics and epistemology from the Meno through his latest works. McCabe argues that Plato was interested, with increasing explicitness over his lifetime, in questions concerning what it is to be an individual. This interest led him, she maintains,... | Individuality; Identity; Unity | 1997 |
| 166 |
 |
Downes, Stephen M. | Review of Michael Gorman, Simulating Science | Michael Gorman has several projects in Simulating Science. First, he presents a reaearch program of psychological experiments on scientific reasoning. Second, he defends an interdisciplinary approach to science studies. Third, he critically examines recent computer models of scientific theorizing an... | Psychological experiments; Reasoning in psychology; Psychological literature | 1994 |
| 167 |
 |
White, Nicholas P. | Review of Nancy Sherman, "Making a Necessity of Virtue | Making a Necessity of Virtue is about the ethics of Aristotle and Kant. "Specifically," according to the first chapter, it "is about the role of emotions and practical reason in each theorist's account of virtue," though with "greater attention to the place of emotions in moral character". This desc... | Virtue; Ethics; Reason; Emotions; Morality | 2000 |
| 168 |
 |
Downes, Stephen M. | Review of Peter Galison and David Stump, Disunity of science | Most of the essays in this collection were originally delivered as papers at a conference on the disunity of science held at Stanford University in 1991. | Ampere; Scientific work, Science in French society | 1997 |
| 169 |
 |
White, Nicholas P. | Review of R. W. Sharples, 'Alexander of Aphrodisias on fate' | This is a book review of an English translation of Alexander of Aphrodisias' On Fate, written about 200 A.D. | Fate; Book review | 1985 |
| 170 |
 |
Downes, Stephen M. | Review of Susan Oyama, Ontogeny of information: developmental systems and evolution | Susan Oyama's book thoroughly deserved reprinting. This is an exciting and engaging work that is still timely 15 years after its initial publication. Some of the text of the new edition is revised, and Oyama has added a new Preface and an Afterword. The new Foreword by Richard Lewontin provides a s... | Information theory; Biology; Information gene concept; Morphological traits | 2001 |
| 171 |
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White, Nicholas P. | Review of Suzanne Mansion, 'Etudes Aristoteliciennes: receuils d'articles | This volume is a posthumous collection of articles, all previously published and almost all on Aristotle, by Suzanne Mansion, along with a list of her scholarly works (xviiixxi). The articles printed here are reproduced photographically along with their original pagination, and a continuous paginati... | Aristotle; Plato; Ancient Philosophy | 1988 |
| 172 |
 |
White, Nicholas P. | Review of T. Penner, 'The ascent from nominalism' | This is a review of Terry Penner's The Ascent from Nominalism. Penner's book is an attempt to reorient Platonic studies, not so much by raising new issues as by looking at the old ones differently. | Book review; Platonism; Philosophy;, Greek | 1991 |
| 173 |
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White, Nicholas P. | Review of Terence Irwin, 'Plato' | This impressive and valuable book is in many ways a new edition of Irwin's well-known Plato's Moral Theory and like that book must be carefully studied by anyone seriously interested in Plato- not only in his ethics but in his Philosophy; in general. | Epistemological demands; Hedonism; Philosophizing | 1996-10 |
| 174 |
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Landesman, Bruce M. | Rights, welfare and Mill's moral theory (Book Review) | Reviews the book `Rights, Welfare and Mill's Moral Theory,' by David Lyons. | Books; Philosophy | 1996-04 |
| 175 |
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Newman, Lex | Rocking the foundations of cartesian knowledge: critical notice of Janet Broughton, descartes's method of doubt | Janet Broughton's Descartes's Method of Doubt†1 is a systematic study of the role of doubt in Descartes's epistemology. The book has two parts. Part 1 focuses on the development of doubt in the First Meditation, exploring such topics as the motivation behind methodic doubt; the targeted audience... | Super-indubitables; Canonical circularity; Clear and distinct truths' | 2004-01 |
| 176 |
 |
Mallon, Ronald | Role of psychology in the study of culture | Although we are enthusiastic about a Darwinian approach to culture, we argue that the overview presented in the target article does not sufficiently emphasize the crucial explanatory role that psychology plays in the study of culture. We use a number of examples to illustrate the variety of ways by... | | 2006 |
| 177 |
 |
Francis, Leslie | Roles of the family in making health care decisions for incompetent patients | This article is about the roles of the family in making health care decisions for incompetent patients. It argues that complex moral reasons call for the participation of families in decision making for incompetents. However, these moral reasons do not support a single model of the family's role for... | Family; Health Care Decisions; Patients; Family Rights | 2006-06-16 |
| 178 |
 |
White, Nicholas P. | Rulers' choice | Plato undertook in the Republic to show that "it is in every way better to be just than unjust" (Book II, 357b1 -- 2). What did he mean by this? I would like to focus on two relevant questions. 1) Did he believe that invariably the more just a person is, the better it is for him? We should prefer t... | Republic; Plato; Justice | 1986 |
| 179 |
 |
Benham, Bryan | Ryle and the para-mechanical | The thesis of this paper is the unconventional claim that Gilbert Ryle is not a logical behaviorist. The popular account of Ryle clearly places his work in The Concept of Mind (1949) in the camp of logical behaviorist.1 The object of this paper, however, will be to illustrate how the conventional in... | Behaviorist; Logical behaviorism | 2000 |
| 180 |
 |
Battin, Margaret P. | Scott Ames: a man giving up on himself | The tragic story of Scott Ames raises a fundamental question concerning involuntary commitment of patients when suicide seems likely. What right has a physician ever to interfere when apatient proposes to take his own life? Under ordinary cirucmstances one argues that because of depression, or some ... | Suicide prevention; Scott Ames | 2003 |
| 181 |
 |
Battin, Margaret P. | Seven (more) caveats concerning the discussion of euthanasia in the Netherlands | Discussion in the U.S. about euthanasia in the Netherlands is characterized by profound disagreement, both about what the practice actually is and what risks it involves. Some time ago, I put together a little list1 of seven warnings for bioethicists embroiled in this discussion-things one ought to... | | 1993 |
| 182 |
 |
Battin, Margaret P. | Seven caveats concerning the discussion of euthanasia in Holland | As the discussion of voluntary active euthanasia heats up in the United States (indeed, I believe it will be the major social issue of the next decade, replacing abortion in that role), increasing attention is being given to its practice in the Netherlands. Proponents of the view that the United Sta... | | 1990 |
| 183 |
 |
Battin, Margaret P. | Sex & consequences: world population growth vs. reproductive rights | Conflict between concern over global population growth (still rising precipitously, even though growth rates have slowed) and concern for reproductive rights is intense. NeoMalthusians, on the one hand, point to the dire consequences of overpopulation; feminist defenders of reproductive rights and ... | Reproduction; Population growth; Birth control; Feminism | 1997 |
| 184 |
 |
Downes, Stephen M. | Socializing naturalized Philosophy; of science | Presents an approach to naturalized Philosophy; of science that considers the nature of scientific practice. Cognitive individualism; Three-level model of the social nature of scientific practice. | Individualsim; Science, Philosophy | 2001-09-11 |
| 185 |
 |
Tuttle, Howard N. | Some issues in Ortega y Gasset's critique of Heidegger's doctrine of Sein | The purpose of this paper is to propose a hypothesis to illuminate Ortega's critical response to Heidegger's question of being (Seinsfrage). While Ortega integrated the classical requirements for the idea of Being into his idea of human life as radical reality, Heidegger's delineation of human life... | | 1991 |
| 186 |
 |
Tuttle, Howard N. | Some questions in R. G. Collingwood's theory of historical understanding | In this essay I would like to examine some problems that are suggested to me by R. G. Collingwood's Philosophy; of historical understanding. My method of examination will be as follows: (1) to show that Collingwood's struggle to maintain his thesis that "history is the re-thinking of past thoughts"... | History; Philosophy;; Collingwood, R. G. (Robin George), 1889-1943 | 1977 |
| 187 |
 |
White, Nicholas P. | Stoic values | RM: Copyright © 1990, The Monist: An International Journal of General Philosophical Inquiry, Peru, Illinois, U.S.A., 61354, reproduced by permission. Discusses the values of Stoicism which say noting concrete about how a virtuous person should go about making choices and examines the Stoics im... | Virtuous; Indifferent; Worth | 1990 |
| 188 |
 |
Plutynski, Anya | Strategies of model building in population genetics | In 1966, Richard Levins argued that there are different strategies in model building in population biology. In this paper, I reply to Orzack and Sober's (1993) critiques of Levins and argue that his view on modeling strategies apply also in the context of evolutionary genetics. In particular, I arg... | | 2006 |
| 189 |
 |
Battin, Margaret P. | Suicide and ethical theory | Except in the present century, suicide has been viewed throughout Western history as an act having ethical significance, one for which moral blame or praise was a proper response. Response, of course, varied with the times. During the Stoic era of Greece and Rome, suicide was praised as the morall... | Ethical theory | 1983 |
| 190 |
 |
Battin, Margaret P. | Suicidology and the right to die | As suicidology reflects on the issue of the right to die, it can make no bigger mistake than by seeing suicide and suicidal behavior in short-sighted isolation, without reference to the cultural context within which it occurs. Two kinds of myopia currently afflict us in particularly constricting way... | | 1993 |
| 191 |
 |
Hanna, Patricia Lee | Summaries and comments on Lappin, S. Sorts, ontology and metaphor: the semantics of sortal structure | In this interesting study, Shalom Lappin argues that any adequate theory of sortal incorrectness must meet four requirements. First, it must account for the truth valuelessness of sortally incorrect sentences. Second, it must provide a means of distinguishing truth valuelessness arising from sortal... | Valuelessness; Incorrectness | 1983 |
| 192 |
 |
Thalos, Mariam G. | Systems | Dynamical-systems analysis is nowadays ubiquitous. From engineering (its point of origin and natural home) to physiology, and from psychology to ecology, it enjoys surprisingly wide application. Sometimes the analysis rings decisively false-as, for example, when adopted in certain treatments of hist... | | 2009 |
| 193 |
 |
Battin, Margaret P. | Telling confessions: confidentiality in the practice of religion | WHEN, if ever, may or should a professional practitioner reveal a confidential disclosure? This is a question of moral concern that arises in many areas of professional ethics. Those who have access to private information include many individuals, among them physicians, psychiatrists, attorneys, tea... | | 1983 |
| 194 |
 |
Battin, Margaret P. | Terminal sedation: pulling the sheet over our eyes | Terminal sedation-also called "palliative sedation," "continuous deep sedation," or "primary deep continuous sedation"-has become a new favorite in end-of-life care, a seeming compromise in the debate over physician-assisted dying. Like all compromises, it offers something to each side of a dispu... | Terminal sedation; Palliative sedation | 2008 |
| 195 |
 |
Battin, Margaret P. | Textbook of healthcare ethics | Loewy's Textbook of Healthcare Ethics is one of the very few books that is better than its title. It is a textbook; it does address ethics; and it does survey a broad range of issues in health care. Of course it includes the usual theoretical rubrics like autonomy and responsibility, physician/patie... | | 1988 |
| 196 |
 |
Battin, Margaret P. | Textbook of healthcare ethics (Book Review) | Reviews the book `Textbook of Healthcare Ethics,' by Erich H. Loewy. | Books; Ethics; Healthcare | 2001-09-17 |
| 197 |
 |
Millgram, Elijah | Thick ethical concepts and the fact-value distinction | Over the last few years, the ‘fact-value distinction' (FVD) has become increasingly unfashionable, due in part to a number of arguments adduced against it. I myself do not believe the FVD can be maintained, and I think there are good arguments against it. But I have my doubts about the cogency of... | Philosophy;; Ethics | 1995 |
| 198 |
 |
Battin, Margaret P. | To die or not to die? (Book Review) | Reviews the book `To Die or Not to Die? Cross-disciplinary, Cultural, and Legal Perspectives on the Right to Choose Death,' edited by Arthur S. Berger and Joyce Berger. | Books; Law; Death | 1992-07 |
| 199 |
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Battin, Margaret P. | To die or not to die? cross-disciplinary, cultural, and legal perspectives on the right to choose death | One things to lament, as public discussion of the right to die approaches a rolling boil, is the insularity of American View about withholding and with-drawing treatment, euthanasia and suicide. To Die or Not to Die? presents ten papers which challenge this insularity from the points of view of vary... | | 1992 |
| 200 |
 |
Thalos, Mariam G. | Trouble with superselection accounts of measurement | Argues that the superselection accounts of measurement exploit excess structure illegitimately and in the process become self-contradictory. Superselection rule in the quantum-mechanical treatment of phenomena; Representation of indicator states of detectors by eigenspaces of superselection operatio... | Superselection; Quantum mechanics | 1998-11 |
