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Hawkes, Kristen | Grandmothers and the evolution of human longevity: a review of findings and future directions | Women and female great apes both continue giving birth into their forties, but not beyond. However humans live much longer than other apes do.[1] Even in hunting and gathering societies, where the mortality rate is high, adult life spans average twice those of chimpanzees, which become decrepit duri... | Life history evolution; Senescence; Cooperative child rearing; Infant psychology; Male-male competition | 2013-01-01 |