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Creator | Title | Description | Subject | Date |
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Normann, Richard A. | Background and bleaching adaptation in luminosity type horizontal cells in the isolated turtle retina | 1. The effects of background illumination and bleached photopigment on luminosity type horizontal cells were studied in the isolated turtle retina. 2. Background illumination, which produced less than 60% bleaching, hyperpolarized and desensitized the horizontal cells to a degree which depended upon... | Turtles; Retina; Photoreceptors; Bleached photopigment; Dark Adaptation | 1990 |
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Normann, Richard A. | Effects of background illumination on the photoresponses of red and green cones | 1. The photoresponses of light- and dark-adapted red and green cone photoreceptors were recorded intracellularly in the retina of the turtle, Pseduemys scripta elegans. Background illumination produced similar effects on both types of cones. 2. In response to the onset of a prolonged, steady backgro... | Turtles; Adaptation, Ocular; Retina; Signal Transmission | 1979 |
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Normann, Richard A. | Signal transmission from red cones to horizontal cells in the turtle retina | 1. Intracellular recordings were made from L-type horizontal cells in the retina of the turtle Pseudemys scripta elegans. The responses were evoked by 500 msec pulses of 'white' light. 2. L-type horizontal cells were classified as either, 'small receptive field' s.r.f. or 'large receptive field' l.r... | Turtles; Synapses; Retina; Photoreceptors | 1979 |
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Normann, Richard A.; Muller, Jay F.; Kolb, Helga | Synaptic inputs to physiologically defined turtle retinal ganglion cells | Two physiologically distinct, HRP-marked turtle retinal ganglion cells were examined for their morphology, GABAergic, glycinergic, and bipolar cell synaptic inputs, using electron-microscopic autoradiography and postembedding immunocytochemistry. One cell was a color-opponent, transient ON/OFF gangl... | Turtles; Neural Pathways; Synapes; Retinal Ganglion Cells | 1991 |