Collection of materials relating to neuro-ophthalmology as part of the Neuro-Ophthalmology Virtual Education Library.
NOVEL: https://novel.utah.edu/
TO
| Title | Creator | Description | Subject | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 |
 | Cogan's Lid Twitch Sign | Raed Behbehani, MD | Cogan's lid twitch sign is a twitch sign of he upper lid upon looking straight from a sustained downgaze position. It is associated with Ocular Myasthenia Gavis. | Myasthenia; Ptosis; Lid Twitch |
| 2 |
 | Carotid Cavernous Fistula | Adam Botwinick, MD; Rudrani Banik, MD | Power point of case presentation of 66-year-old female with chronic red eye OU x 2 months, misdiagnosed as conjunctivitis. Exam showed dilated, tortuous episcleral vessels OU with proptosis OU and elevated intraocular pressure. MRI showed suspicion of carotid cavernous fistula (CCF), confirmed by ... | Carotid Cavernous Fistula; Dural CCF; Chemosis; Corkscrew Vessels; Proptosis; Embolization; Neurointerventional Radiology |
| 3 |
 | Bitemporal Hemianopia | Julia Mathew Padiyedathu, MD; Rudrani Banik, MD | Power point of case presentation of patient with painless progressive vision loss, optic nerve cupping with pallor and history of significant alcohol and tobacco use. Patient initially diagnosed at outside institution with normal tension glaucoma and toxic optic neuropathy. Exam suggests bitempora... | Ditemporal Visual Field Defect; Toxic Optic Neuropathy; Pituitary Adenoma; Compressive Optic Neuropathy |
| 4 |
 | Supranuclear and Infranuclear Motility Disorder | Brittany Lin, MD; Rudrani Banik, MD | Power point of case presentation of patient with supranuclear left gaze preference from frontotemporal CVA (overcome by Doll's head), as well as right sixth nerve palsy with incomitant esotropia from pontine CVA. | Supranuclear Gaze Palsy; Sixth Nerve Palsy; Esotropia; Gaze Preference; Stroke |
| 5 |
 | Thyroid Eye Disease | Helen Jiang MD; Rudrani Banik MD | Power point of case presentation of 50 year old male with newly diagnosed hyperthyroidism who presents with ocular hypertension, acute onset proptosis and visual loss. Diagnosed with thyroid eye disease and compressive optic neuropathy. Treatment options discussed for visual loss in thyroid eye dis... | Thyroid Eye Disease; Compressive Optic Neuropathy; Proptosis; Ocular Hypertension |
| 6 |
 | Optochiasmal Tuberculoma | Jeanie Paik, MD; Rudrani Banik, MD | PowerPoint of case of chiasmal tuberculoma causing bitemporal defect in patient with tuberculosis on RIPE treatment; case history, differential diagnosis and treatment discussed. | Chiasmal Disorder; Chiasmal Tuberculoma; Bitemporal Visual Field Defect; Ethambutol Optic Neuropathy |
| 7 |
 | Upbeat Nystagmus | Raed Behbehani, MD, | A patient with a brain stem syndrome due to demyelination and upbeat nystagmus. | Upbeat Nystagmus |
| 8 |
 | Downbeat Nystagmus Anti-GAD Cerebellar Syndrome | Raed Behbehani, MD | A patient with Anti-GAD positive Cerebellar syndrome with ataxia and opsoclonus due to downbeat nystagmus , treated with Baclofen with some improvement. | Downbeat Nystagmus |
| 9 |
 | See-Saw Nystagmus | Raed Behbehani, MD | This nystagmus localizes to lesions supra/parasellar region (Large sellar and hypothalamic lesion) and is characterized by a see saw movement of elevation/intorsion of one eye and depression/extorsion of the other eye in a pendular fashion. This patient had a large pituitary macro-adenoma with supra... | See-Saw Nystagmus |
| 10 |
 | Neurosyphilis | Timothy Sullivan, MD; Rudrani Banik, MD | Power point of case of a 66 year old male with acute vision loss OD to no light perception. Underwent extensive work-up for cardiovascular and neurologic etiologies, all negative. Subsequent serologic work-up was positive for syphilis and the diagnosis of neurosyphilis was confirmed by lumbar punc... | Neurosyphilis; Infectious/Vasculitic Optic Neuropathy |
| 11 |
 | Optic Nerve Sheath Fenestration | Raed Behbehani, MD | Optic nerve sheath fenestration is performed to manage papilledema causing progressive loss of vision , due to raised intracranial pressure from Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension or Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis. The procedure is usually performed in cases of severe visual field loss or when m... | Optic Nerve Sheath Fenestration |
| 12 |
 | Temporal Artery Biopsy | Raed Behbehani, MD | This is a video of Superficial Temporal Artery Biopsy done under local anaesthesia for a patient who was suspected to have Giant Cell Arteritis (GCA. GCA is vasculitis of the medium sized vessels than can lead to permanent visual loss by causing Arteritis Ischemic Optic Neuropathy. The diagnosis of ... | Temporal Artery Biopsy; Giant Cell Arteritis |
| 13 |
 | Pulsating Exophthalmos | Raed Behbehani, MD | This patient had brain surgery with bone removal resulted in transmission of CSF pulsation into the orbit and pulsating exophthalmos. This sign can also be seen in patient with neurofibromatosis with hypoplasia of the sphenoid wing bone. | Pulsating Exophthalmos; Neurofibromatosis |
| 14 |
 | Ocular Neuromyotonia | Raed Behbehani, MD | Ocular Neuromytonia is a characterised by by paroxysmal tonic contraction of the extraocular muscles supplied by the oculomotor nerve. It is has been reported after cranial radiation therapy, especially to the sellar-parasellar region and from compressive lesions such tumours or aneurysms. The patho... | Ocular Neuromyotania |
| 15 |
 | Periodic Alternating Nystagmus | Raed Behbehani, MD | PAN is a nystagamus characterized by a cycle of uniderectional jerk nystagamus for 60-90 sec , a pause for 10-20 sec and a a cycle of a jerk nystagmus in the opposite direction for 60-90 sec. It is found in brain stem and cerebellar conditions as well as ocular albinism ( as in this patient). | Periodic Alternating Nystagmus |
| 16 |
 | See-Saw Nystagmus | Raed Behbehani, MD | See-saw nystagmus is a localizing nystagmus to lesions of the sellar and parasellar region. "It's characterized by synchronous elevation and intorsion of one eye and depression and extorsion of the contra lateral eye . This patent has a craniopharyngioma, which was operated twice, optic atrophy and ... | See-Saw Nystagmus |
| 17 |
 | Apraxia of Eyelid Opening | Raed Behbehani, MD | Patient has Parkinson disease and has developed this condition following deep brain stimulation. | Apraxia; Eyelid Opening |
| 18 |
 | Parinaud Syndrome | Raed Behbehani, MD | Parinaud syndrome, as called dorsal midbrain syndrome, is due to dorsal midbrain lesions from compression (e.g., a tumor), demyelination, or ischemia. The syndrome is characterized by limitation of upward gaze, convergence retraction nystagmus, light near dissociation, and lid retraction (Collier's ... | Dorsal Mibrain Syndrome; Parinaud's Syndrome |
| 19 |
 | Square Wave Jerks with Contrapulsion | Raed Behbehani, MD | A patient with history of brain stem stroke 2 months ago (right hemifacial anesthesia , left sided weakness and bulbar symptoms dysphagia) comes complaining of oscillipsia , binocular vertical diplopia). On exam he had a vertical tropia of 3-4 PD (Skew deviation), dissociated nystagmus , and saccadi... | Square Wave Jerks; Contrapulsion |
| 20 |
 | Oculopalatal Tremor | Raed Behbehani, MD | This is a usually vertical, pendular nystagmus associated with synchronous rhythmic movement of the palate, developing months after a severe brain stem stroke. The stroke involves the dentato-rubro-olivary tract (Mollaret's triangle). MRI can show hypertrophy of the inferior olivary nucleus in the m... | Oculopalatal Tremor |
| 21 |
 | Bilateral Acquired Brown's Syndrome | Ryan D. Walsh, MD; Collin McClelland, MD | A 27 year old female with a history of Sjogren's syndrome reported a 2 year history of a vertical binocular diplopia with looking up-and-to-the right. She has also noticed an audible "click" when positioning her eyes in this direction. As depicted in the video, when attempting to look up-and-to-the... | Brown's syndrome; Brown syndrome; hypertropia; diplopia; disorder of ocular motility; Sjogren's syndrome |
| 22 |
 | Secchezza Degli Occhi - Dry Eye (Italian) | North American Neuro-Ophthalmology Society | People with abnormalities of the tear film are diagnosed with "dry eyes", but some patients with "dry eyes" may not feel that their eyes are "dry". Itching, burning, a scratchy sensation, a sensation that there is sand or grit in the... | Dry Eye Syndrome; Patient Brochure |
| 23 |
 | Pituitary tumor_Telugu | North American Neuro-Ophthalmology Society | Pituitary tumors are benign (non-cancerous) overgrowth of cells that make up the pituitary gland (the master gland that regulates other glands in the body). | Pituitary Tumor; Patient Brochure |
| 24 |
 | Microvascular Cranial Nerve Palsy (Telugu) | North American Neuro-Ophthalmology Society | Microvascular cranial nerve palsy is one of the most common causes of double vision in the older poulation. They are often referred to as "diabetic" palsies. They will resolve without leaving any double vision. | Microvascular Cranial Nerve Palsy; Patient Brochure |
| 25 |
 | Hemifacial Spasm (Telugu) | North American Neuro-Ophthalmology Society | Involuntary contractions, called "spasms," of the muscles on one side of the face. The affected side of the face seems to "scrunch up" while the other side of the face remains normal. | Hemifacial Spasm; Patient Brochure |