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Creator | Title | Description | Subject | Date |
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Normann, Richard A. | Effects of GABA and related drugs on horizontal cells in the isolated turtle retina | The role of GABA in the outer plexiform layer of the turtle retina has been examined by intracellular recordings from L- and C-type horizontal cells in the isolated retina preparation. GABA (1-5 mM) slightly depolarized the L-type horizontal cells, reduced the amplitude of their photoresponses, and ... | Retina; Horizontal Cells; Synapse; Negative Feedback; GABA; Turtle | 1990 |
2 |
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Normann, Richard A.; Shoham, Shy | Encoding mechanisms for sensory neurons studied with a multielectrode array in the cat dorsal root ganglion | Recent advances in microelectrode array technology now permit a direct examination of the way populations of sensory neurons encode information about a limb's position in space. To address this issue, we recorded nerve impulses from about 100 single units simultaneously in the L6 and L7 dorsal root ... | Sensory; Encoding; Multielectrode; Dorsal Root Ganglion; Cutaneour; Muscle | 2004 |
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Normann, Richard A. | Functional reorganization of primary visual cortex induced by electrical stimulation in the cat. | Compared to the high degree of plasticity observed in a juvenile, mature sensory cortices have long been held to be immutable but, recently, researchers have suggested some plasticity persists in the mature cortex. Cortical reorganization has particular saliency to the development of a cortically ba... | Cat; Electrophysiology; Phosphene; Plasticity; Receptive Field; Striate Cortex | 2005 |
4 |
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Normann, Richard A.; Horch, Kenneth W.; Cha, Kichul | Mobility performance with a pixelized vision system | A visual prosthesis, based on electrical stimulation of the visual cortex, has been suggested as a means for partially restoring functional vision in the blind. The prosthesis would create a pixelized visual sense consisting of punctate spots of light (phosphenes). The present study investigated the... | Visual Prosthesis; Mobility; Phosphene Simulator | 1992 |
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Normann, Richard A.; Maynard, Edwin M. | Neural interface for a cortical vision prosthesis | The development of a cortically based vision prosthesis has been hampered by a lack of basic experiments on phosphene psychophysics. This basic research has been hampered by the lack of a means to safely stimulate large numbers of cortical neurons. Recently, a number of laboratories have developed a... | Neuroprosthetics; Artificial Vision; Electrode Arrays; Multielectrode Recordings; Biocompatibility | 1999 |
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Normann, Richard A.; Clark, Gregory A.; McDonnall, Daniel | Selective motor unit recruitment via intrafascicular multielectrode stimulation | Recruitment of force via independent asynchronous firing of large numbers of motor units produces the grace and endurance of physiological motion. We have investigated the possibility of reproducing this physiological recruitment strategy by determining the selectivity of access to large numbers of ... | Funtional Neuromuscular Stimulation; Microelectrode Array; Neuroprosthesis; Intrafascicular Multielectrode Stimulation; Cats | 2004 |
7 |
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Normann, Richard A.; Kolb, Helga; Lasater, Eric M. | Signal integration at the pedicle of turtle cone photoreceptors: an anatomical and electrophysiological study | The morphology of the axon which connects the cell body and pedicle of turtle cone photoreceptors was studied by light and electron microscopy. The axon which contains numerous synaptic vesicles, some endoplasmic reticulum, and a few cisternae is basically filled with cytoplasm. The length of the ax... | Cone Photoreceptor, Voltage Clamp; Isolated Cells; Input Resistance; Cell Body-Pedicle Coupling | 1989 |
8 |
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Normann, Richard A.; Abbasi, Masoud; Johansson,Torbjorn | Silicon carbide enhanced thermomigration | The widespread acceptance of thermomigration technology to produce through-chip interconnects has been impaired by (i) a random walk of the Si-Al liquid eutectic inclusion as it traverses the wafer, and (ii) a ?surface barrier? which allows thermomigration of only relatively large inclusions. In ... | Silicon Dioxide; Thermometers; Transducers; Thermomigration Technology; Infrared Lamps | 1992 |
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Normann, Richard A.; Campbell, Patrick K.; Jones, Kelly E.; Huber, Robert J.; Horch, Kenneth W. | Silicon-based, three-dimensional neural interface: manufacturing processes for an intracortical electrode array | A method has been developed for the manufacture of a "three-dimensional" electrode array geometry for chronic intracortical stimulation. This silicon based array consists of a 4.2 x 4.2 x 0.12 mm thick monocrystalline substrate, from which project 100 conductive, silicon needles sharpened to facilit... | Electric Stimulation; Electrodes, Implanted; Sensory Cortex; Intracortical Electrode Array | 1991 |
10 |
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Normann, Richard A.; Johansson,Torbjorn; Abbasi, Masoud; Huber, Robert J. | Three-dimensional architecture for a parallel processing photosensing array | A three-dimensional architecture for a photosensing array has been developed. This silicon based architecture consists of a 10 x 10 array of photosensors with 80 microns diameter, through chip interconnects to the back side of a 500 microns thick silicon wafer. Each photosensor consists of a 300 x 3... | Retina; Optics; Silicon; Photosensing | 1992 |