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TitleCreatorDescriptionSubject
101 Curtain Sign (Enhanced Ptosis) - Associated Image 2Bashaer Aldhahwani, MD; Hong Jiang, MD, PhDThis is a 78-year-old male patient who presented with diplopia, right eyelid ptosis, and ophthalmoplegia. He had severe ptosis OD and pseudo-proptosis (lid retraction) OS at baseline, but when the right eyelid was manually elevated, there was marked enhanced ptosis of the left eyelid (Video). He was...Myasthenia GravIs; Clinical Signs
102 Sports Related Head InjuriesJessica Darusz, MD; Sean Gratton, MDThis narrated PowerPoint reviews the basics of sports related head injuries. It emphasizes assessment tools and treatment decisions in assessing athletes with concussion and other head injuries.Concussion; Sports-related Head Injuries; Post-concussion Syndrome
103 Postconcussion Syndrome and Postconcussion HeadacheJessica Darusz, MD; Sean Gratton, MDThis brief presentation describes the pathophysiology, evaluation, and management of concussion, with an emphasis on postconcussion headache.Concussion; Postconcussion Syndrome; Postconcussion Headache
104 Morning Glory Disc AnomalyBashaer Aldhahwani, MD; Carlos Ernesto Mendoza Santiesteban, MDA colored fundus photo of a patient with morning glory anomaly. Morning glory anomaly is a rare congenital malformation of the optic nerve. The morning glory disc anomaly can be seen with transsphenoidal basal encephalocele. It is known as morning glory syndrome when it is associated with systemic s...Optic Disc Anomaly
105 Curtain Sign (Enhanced Ptosis)Bashaer Aldhahwani, MD; Hong Jiang, MD, PhDThis is a 78-year-old male patient who presented with diplopia, right eyelid ptosis, and ophthalmoplegia. He had severe ptosis OD and pseudo-proptosis (lid retraction) OS at baseline, but when the right eyelid was manually elevated, there was marked enhanced ptosis of the left eyelid (Video). He was...Myasthenia GravIs; Clinical Signs
106 Curtain Sign (Enhanced Ptosis) - Associated Image 1Bashaer Aldhahwani, MD; Hong Jiang, MD, PhDThis is a 78-year-old male patient who presented with diplopia, right eyelid ptosis, and ophthalmoplegia. He had severe ptosis OD and pseudo-proptosis (lid retraction) OS at baseline, but when the right eyelid was manually elevated, there was marked enhanced ptosis of the left eyelid (Video). He was...Myasthenia GravIs; Clinical Signs
107 A Brief Introduction to AI in Neuro-ophthalmologyAreeba Abid, BS; Sachin Kedar, MDIn this video, we describe the basics of artificial intelligence and machine learning as applicable to clinical neuro-ophthalmologists. We use the example from a recent publication, where AI software was used to detect optic disc edema in fundus images.Artificial Intelligence; Machine Learning
108 Optic Nerve Hypoplasia (ONH) - Double Ring SignBashaer Aldhahwani, MD; Joshua Pasol, MDOptic nerve hypoplasia (ONH) is characterized by a decreased number of optic nerve axons. It can present unilaterally or bilaterally, Isolated or associated with midline cerebral structural defects, such as septum pellucidum absence, agenesis of corpus callosum, cerebral hemisphere abnormalities, or...Optic Nerve Hypoplasia (ONH)
109 Introduction to NANOS NOTEKarl C. Golnik, MDIntroduction to NANOS NOTE, a resource for non-neuro-ophthalmologists describing common examination techniques.Neuro-Ophthalmology Examination Techniques
110 Myelinated Retinal Nerve Fiber LayerBashaer Aldhahwani, MD; Hong Jiang, MD, PhDA 78 YOF with no visual symptoms has an incidental finding of yellow-white well-demarcated patches with ragged borders at the peripapillary area of her left eye (see the fundus photo).Myelinated Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer
111 Ocular Neuromyotonia VideoBashaer Aldhahwani, MD; Joshua Pasol, MDA video demonstrates ocular neuromyotonia in the left eye of a patient with a history of cranial radiation of parasellar mass. Ocular neuromyotonia (ONM) is a rare ocular motor disorder characterized by intermittent, tonic spasms of one or more of the extraocular muscles, resulting in strabismus and...Ocular Neuromyotonia
112 Cogan Lid TwitchHari Anandarajah, BAA 50-year-old woman presented with ptosis of her left eyelid for 6 months. Several exam findings including variable and fatigable ptosis, and Cogan lid twitch, raised suspicion for Myasthenia Gravis. Acetylcholine receptor binding, blocking, and modulating antibodies were negative, and single fiber ...Lid Twitch; Myasthenia Gravis
113 Indirect Carotid Cavernous FistulaEdsel Ing, MD, PhD, FRCSCA 67-year-old woman had delayed initial diagnosis of her right low flow carotid cavernous fistula (CCF) during the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic due to difficulty detecting ocular signs via online virtual examinations. Her right eye conjunctival erythema and proptosis with medial rectus en...Carotid Cavernous Fistula; Misdiagnosis; Radiology
114 Giant Cell Arteritis: Diagnostic Prediction Models, Temporal Artery Biopsy and EpidemiologyEdsel Ing MD, PhD FRCSC MPH CPH MIAD MEd MBA,Giant cell arteritis (GCA) is the most common primary vasculitis in the elderly and can cause irreversible blindness, aortitis, and stroke. Diagnostic confirmation of GCA usually entails temporal artery biopsy (TABx) - a time-consuming and invasive test, or ultrasound. The primary treatment of GCA i...Giant Cell Arteritis; Diagnostic Prediction Model; Epidemiology; Temporal Artery Biopsy; Differential Diagnosis
115 Optic NeuritisNANOSIn the most common form of optic neuritis, the optic nerve has been attacked by the body's overactive immune system and results in decreased vision.Optic Neuritis; Patient Brochure
116 Microvascular Cranial Nerve PalsyNANOSMicrovascular cranial nerve palsy is one of the most common causes of double vision in the older poulation. They are often referred to as "diabetic" palsies. They will resolve without leaving any double vision.Microvascular Cranial Nerve Palsy; Patient Brochure
117 Hereditary Optic Neuropathy (Leber's Hereditary Optic Neuropathy)NANOSHereditary Optic Neuropathy - A hereditary optic neuropathy is caused by a genetic variant (or mutation) that causes dysfunction of the neurons (nerve cells) which form the optic nerve. The optic nerve sends information from the back of the eye to the vision center in the brain.The two most common t...Hereditary Optic Neuropathy; Patient Brochure
118 Myasthenia GravisNANOSThis is an autoimmune condition where the body's immune system has damaged receptors on your muscles and can result in double vision or drooping lid.Myasthenia Gravis; Patient Brochure
119 Transient Vision LossNANOSVision loss that is temporary (transient) is a common problem and has many potential causes.Patients with temporary vision loss often do not have any abnormalities on their eye examination, especially once the vision has returned to normal.​Transient Vision Loss; Patient Brochure
120 Radiation Optic NeuropathyKhawla Elnour; Amanda Henderson, MDA video describing optic neuropathy related to radiation.Radiation; Neuropathy
121 Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada SyndromeShwetha Mudalegundi, Medical Student; Amanda D. Henderson, MDVogt-Koyanagi-Harada (VKH) syndrome is a rare disorder that affects several body systems. Here we take a broad look at the presentation and pathophysiology of VKH, with a more specific focus on the relevant eye findings. Since much is not known about VKH, we explore the current standards for diagnos...Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada Syndrome; Uveitis
122 Surgical Management of StrabismusMichelle S. Attzs, MBBS, FRCOphthThis is a brief introduction to the surgical management of strabismus. It includes the key elements of the work up for a patient about to undergo strabismus surgery, introduces the basics on surgical techniques including adjustable sutures, and discusses the complications associated with this surger...Strabismus; Surgery; Ocular Motility; Adjustable Sutures; Esotropia; Exotropia; Complications
123 Direct-Indirect Ophthalmoscopy (DIO)Irina Krikova, PA-C; Eric Caskey, MD; Alison Crum, MD; Kathleen Digre, MD; James Gilman, CRA, FOPS; Levi Goldfarb, MBA, MD Candidate; Bradley Katz, MD; Ethan Peterson; Meagan Seay, DO; Judith Warner, MDA slideshow describing the use of the direct ophthalmoscope.Ophthalmoscopy
124 John Cunningham VirusAlison Gibbons; Amanda D. Henderson, MDThis learning object is a narrated Power Point presentation describing the features of, risk factors for, and clinical presentations of the John Cunningham, or JC, virus. It includes a discussion of various immunosuppressed states, including HIV, use of natalizumab (a disease-modifying therapy that ...John Cunningham Virus; JC Virus; Natalizumab
125 Illusory Visual SpreadEmily H. Jung, AB; Jang Lee, AB; Sachin Kedar, MDIllusory visual spread is a form of visual perseveration resulting in images appearing to spread beyond it normal confines. In this video we describe a patient with Parkinson's disease and dementia, who developed various forms of visual hallucination including palinopsia and illusory visual spread. ...Visual Perseveration; Illusory Visual Spread; Visual Hallucination
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