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Show 4 B. Title I Title I requirements are aimed at a significantly different problem, and therefore take a significantlY "different approach than does Ti~le IV. Title I is designed to brin~ , ambient air quality into attainment with the National ~bient Air Qua 1 i ty Standards (NAAQS), and therefore does not target spec i fi c sources for reduction, but seeks to reduce total emissions from all sources in order to reduce ambient levels of air pollution. In addition, since nonattainment of the NAAQS is localized, the resulting emission standards are also localized, and fall under the authority of regional, state, and local regulatory bodies. The role of the EPA under Ti t 1 eli s to set the NAAOS and to provi de gui dance to the regul atory agencies as to technologies that are reasonably available for application to the sources that require control. The state agencies must submit to the EPA for approval their State Implementation Plans (SIPs), which are the regulatory requirements that each state feels will provide the means for attaining the NAAOS. The control technology requirements under Title I are therefore determined not by EPA, but by the various state agencies. However, EPA plays a significant role in determining these requirements by publishing a guidance document that defines Reasonably Available Control Technology (RACT) that states use in setting their technology requirements. -lll. Standards and Control Technology Requirements in the Pacific Rim Countries A. General In general, NOx emission standards in Pacific Rim countries vary with source type and size, and in some instances with location. As in the U.S., NO x emission standards are set for reducing acid rain precursors and for control of ozone precursors, with standards set for ozone control typically being more stri~gent. Standards for ozone reduction are also typically more string~nt in populated areas than in rural locations. The U.S., Canada, and Korea have set standards based ,on mass of NOx per unit energy input, while Japan, Australia, New Zealand, and Taiwan have based standards on NOx concentrations in the stack gases. Mexico's NOx standards are based on mass of emissions per volume of fuel consumed. 2-9 For the most part, national NOx standards are not technology-based, but are emissions-based, leaving ,the decision as to the control technology to apply to the i nd i vi dua 1 source. However, most standards are set to allow comp 1 i ance by application of combustion modification, with the only requirements for postcombustion control being set in instances where local agreements have set lower |
