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Show REPORT OX' THE COMMISSIONEIL OF INDIAN AFFAIRS 3 enre of disease has been most eratifvk. and from all overthe Indian country come reports that there is <vidence of decline in the morbid-itv and mortalitv from tuberculosis. ~articularlvin those sections in which sanatoriaUhaveb een establishka. . ." .. .~ , . . !~ACXOXA.-The word "trachoma " began to appear in the reports of the physicians in the United States Indian Service during the last part of the last decade of the nineteenth century and has been em-ployed with increasing frequency during the years of the present century, until now the word is used more than the.na@e of any other disease except perhaps tubereulos~s;m uch attention has been give? to preventing and curing this disease in all the Indim country, particularly in the Southwest,p~herei t% the most prevalent. D u r ~ ing the fiscal year to which this report pertains the scope of special trachoma work of the Bureau of Indian Affairs, aP art f romthat done by. stationed physicians, mared the States o New Mexico, Oklahoma, ,Californial Arizona, Montana and Wyoming. , Survey6 were made in Wisconsin, Minnesota, and houth Dakota. . , . . SPECIAPLR YSICIANS.-T~I~n dian country is divided into six districts for the purpose of giving special attention to the diseases of the eye, ear, nose, and throat, and in addition there is one specialist at large who devotes his time to giving instructions to k c y and srhool physicians concerning such-diseases. S O U T ~ ~ T S T1X~AKCA~OJ'I A c.A~~I .AIcN. -Tso~i~~t hwestern tm-choma campaign was qrganized and began work on the 1st day of July, 1924. The organization was made up of three units, each unit being composed of a special physician, two nurses, an interpreter, and an orderly. Later another s,pecial physician and his nurse were detailed to work with the campaign. Dr. J. S. Perkiis, special phy-sicim for the district of Arizona and New Mexico, was plaoed in general supervisory charge of all the units; Dr. Polk Richards was designated consulting ophthalmologist; and Mr. Chester L. Walker, traveling auditor, was appointed purchasing agent. The work began within the Navajo jurisdict~on, which has an Indian popula-tion of about 13,000. The population of this re%rvation was sur-veyed for trachoma just before the trachoma work began, and the incidence of the disease was found to be about 33 per cent. Later in the year another nnit was added for work among the Hopi, and another unit was added and is working among the Walapai and Apaches. The record of work done for the fiscal year is as follows: Number of Indians examined for trachoma .......................... 38,111 Number of cases of trachoma found ----.---.---.--7-,23-6 ---------------- Percentage of positive eases to number examined ..................... 19 Number of cases of trachoma operated upon ......................... 4,285 Number of cases of trachoma treated without operation ----.-.2,-951- --- Number of eye operations for conditions other than trachoma--------- 2,863 The average percentage of trachoma among the Indians of the territory of the Southw stern Trachoma Campaign, which includes all of Axizona, New daico, and California south of Porterville, and that strip of Utah which forms a part of San Juan Reservation, is about 19. - During the fiscal year five demonstration clinics were held for the instruction of physicians and nurses at Blackfoot, Mont.; Fort |