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Show 32 REPORT OF THE COHMISSIONER OF INDIAN AFFAIRS. sents estimates of the amounts necessarv for the cars of these Indians for one ~ -~~ ~ ~~ ~.. year l,y tlre rivil n~ltl~oritieaan, d, tl~oughP I~:IIiIn rompari~unw ith the average ro+t ru the War Dt.pnrtme~~fto r the pnvt two yearil, yet they seem very largo in cnn~cariruw~i~ll, the amnllnt aurhorized hv C O ~ T Ct.o~ h e exnrttded ior RILV of the other tribes under the care of the &vernGent. But thLre is this to bk said, that after this large expenditure shall have been made for a single year the amount annually necessary is expected to decrease in a very rapid ratio. The Pueblos, as Mr. Graves states, and as we are very well prepared to be-lieve from our previous accounts of that interesting people, are scarcely to be considered Indians, and but for their resideoce upon specific reservations, patented to their hands in confirmation of ancient Spanish grants, and their con-tinued tribal organization, they might he considered a part of the ordinary pop* lation of the country. They need very little help from the government. Occa-sionally, as has been the case during the last year, on account of unusual over-flow of streams, or for the contrary cause, their crops fail, and they need assist-ance, hut generally they provide by their own industry for tlieir physical wants. What thgy do need, and what humanity demands, is assistance, to a limited extent, in improved agricultural implements, and above all the estahlish-ment of s&hools among them. This want it is hoped that Congress will give the department the means of supplying. As to the Utal~s, living in the northwestern part of the Territory, the true policy, as urged by Mr. Graves, ie to remove them to Colorado, in alliance with the Tahequache Utes, upon a common reeervation. He thinks that the reserve tion set apart for the latter hand is sufficient for the purpose, and this o6ce con-curs with him in that idea: hut it seems doubtful whether the suggestion can readily he carried into practical effect, for these Utahs of New Mexico, the Capote and Wannemuche hands, of the Abiquiu agency, and Mohnache Utes of the Cimarron agency, are not favorable to such removal. The former dislike the idea uf giving up their roving life, while the lntter have become attached to the Jicarilla Apaches, and seem inclined to remain and share their lot. If these Indians are not to he removed, Mr. Graves thinks that their agency should be established at Tierra Amarilla, and that at Abiquiu dispensed with. As to the Apaches, four tribes of whom, the Jicarilla, Mimbres, Mescalems, and Gila Apaches, have heretofore claimed as their country the eastern half and southwestern quarter of the Te~~ritorMy,r . Graves thinks that the reservation heretofore set apart for the Gila Apaches, in the soathwest, near the Arizona line, is sufficient for all of the hands named, and that by proper inducements held out to them in the way of liberal provisions for their comfort and for till-ing the soil to advantage, they. might all he induced to remove to it. No posi-tive opinion upon this pointhas been expressed by the present superintendent, who succeeded Mr. Delgado last spring; but as he has made recommendations looking towards the selection of a reservation for the Mescalero Apaches in the eastern pa.rt of New Mexico, neax Fort Stanton, it may he presumed that he deems it impracticable to remove the eastern trihes across the monntains. The Mesealero Apaches occupy a position of peculiar interest, for some five hundred of them were upon the Bosque Redondd reservatio~(~o,r iginally net apart for them,) and faithfully tilling the soil, with arnple success, when the Navajoes were removed to that nlace. Beine at feud with the Navaioes, and outnumbered by them, they gradualfy left the reservation, until, at last aEcounta, not more than a dozen were left, and thus the fruits of two or three years' labor in reclaiminy-them from their savage life has been lash. Upon the subject of Indian depredations Mr. Graves presents many interest-ing facts and statements, showing the great losses sustained by the people from the Indians, and for which thev claim recomnense by Conzreas. He recom-mends tbat a commission he anthorized by Congress io invGtigate and report npou those alleged losses, with a view to payment by Congress. |