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Show 16 REPORT OF THE COMMISSIONER. all these tribes apply themselves to cultivating the soil, but the Senecas and Senecas and Shawnees are the most thrifty. They will realize from their crops of the past year of grain, vegetables, &c., a suffi-ciency for their own consumption during this winter and some for sale. Most of them have large stocks of cattle, horses, and bogs, f a which a ready market is found within their nation. The Quapaws are a harm-less, inoffensive people, but, with few exceptions, indolent. Those who are industrious and lahor on the farm reap a rich harvest for their toil, and are thus enabled to aid their indolent brethren. The Senecas and Senecas and Shawnees are opposed to the establishment of schools in their country. The Quapaws' school fund has been transferred tu the Osage manual labor school, where the children of the Quapaws am educated. The Osages-those who are adults-are reported by their agent as wild and untamable, and that it is impossible to induce them to change their habits of living. They go twice a year out on the grand prailies, some six or eight hundred miles, in the pursuit of buffalo, deer, and antelope, and trade with the wild Indians of the north ' and northwest. As a measure of economy and greater convenience, the headquarters of the superintendent for this district have been removed from Van Buren to Fort Smith, Arkansas, where, by the order of the Secretary of War, accommodations for his office will be afforded in one of the public buildings connected with the military post at that place, and where, also, adequate protection for the large amounts of public money, at times in the custody of the superintendent, may be had from the military. The clerkship of this, as well as that of the northern super-intendency, has been discontinued. The removal from Texas of the various bands of Indians belonging to tribes on the frontiers of our western States, who, contrary to then treaty obligations, have for some time been settled in different localities 1 in that State, has been nearly, if not entirely, consummated, as provided by the act of August, 1652, appropriating $25,000 for the purpose. It will for some time, however, require constant watchfulness on the part of the agents of their res e c t i~etr ibes, as well as of the military at the posts in their vicinity anfin a ex as, to prevent their return. In regard to the Indians properly belonging to this State, and those generally within our newly-acquired and remote possessions, there is, in my judgment, hut one plan by which they can be saved Gom dire calamities, if not entire extermination, and that is, to colonize them in suitable locations, limited in extent, and distant as possible from the white settlements, and to teach and aid them to devote themselves to the cultivation of the soil and the raising of stock. This plan would be attended with considerable cost in the outset, as will any other that can he suggested for their safety and permanent welfare ; but the ex-penses would diminish from year to year, and in the end it would, I am confident, be much the most economical that can be devised. Thus far we have adopted no particular or systematic course of policy 1 in regard to any of these Indians except those in California. They () have been left to roam over immense districts of country, frequently coming into hostile collision mth our citizens, and committing depreda-tions and outrages upon them, as well as upon those of a neighboring |