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Show J. Clin. Nellro-oplzthalllwi. 5: 199-207, 1985 © 1985 Raven Press, New York Literature Abstracts We are reintroducing literature abstracts of articles of neuro-ophthalmological interest with this issue of ]ollrtlall1{ Cli"ical NClIro-ophthalmology. Several subsection contributors have agreed to send in abstracts that they consider noteworthy in their area of interest or expertise. This issue includes some abstracts provided by Dr. Rosendo D. Diaz, Assistant Professor of Radiology, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, Florida. Dr. Diaz has been very helpful to us here in Neuroradiology and we appreciate his help in this regard. Note that the exact address to which you can write for reprints has been provided in each abstract if you are interested in obtaining a copy of the article under review. Drs. Lyn Sedwick and Thomas Spoor have also agreed to help us with literature abstracts, and we are hoping that this section can be expanded as is needed. Again we express our appreciation to contributors for this section. J. Lawton Smith, M.D. • • • 1. Reference: Osborne, D. R., and Foulks, G. N.: Computed tomographic analysis of deformity and dimensional changes in the eyeball. Radiology 153: 669-674, 1984. Reprints: D. R. Osborne, M.D., Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710. Forty patients with proven ophthalmic diagnosis and a change in the size or configuration of the globe were studied with CT of the orbits. The authors found that the 40 patients could be divided into three groups according to the dimensions of the eyeball: (1) Lesions associated with an increase in the size of the globe were congenital glaucoma (buphthalmos), axial myopia, macrophthalmus, posterior staphyloma, and coloboma. (2) Lesions associated with a decrease in the size of the eyeball were microphthalmus, persistent hyperplastic primary vitreous, and phthisis bulbi. (3) Lesions having a normal-sized globe with a focal deformity on the globe were inflammatory disease (orbital pseudotumor), trauma (ruptured globe), neoplasm (retinoblastoma, metastasis, lymphoma, and carcinoma), and surgical banding for retinal detachment. Most of these lesions can be diagnosed by indirect ophthalmoscopy; however when the ocular medium is opaque and clear September 1985 evaluation of the posterior pole is impossible, CT can distinguish most of these disease processes. Rosendo D. Diaz, M.D. • • • 2. Reference: Pinto, R. S., Manuell, M., and Kricheff, I. I.: Complications of digital intravenous angiography: experience in 2488 cervicocranial examinations. A.f.R. 143: 1295-1299, 1984. Reprints: R. S. Pinto, M.D., Dept. of Radiology, Section of Neuroradiology, New York University Medical School, 560 First Ave., New York, NY 10016. The authors describe the complications of digital intravenous angiography (DIVA) in 2,488 patients, all examined for extracranial carotid or intracranial disease. Of the 2,488 patients, 213 were studied with an 8-in.-long (20 cm), straight Teflon catheter placed in the basilic or cephalic vein; 2,275 were examined with a 65-cm, straight Teflon catheter with multiple side holes placed in the superior vena cava. The procedure-related complications included extravasation of contrast medium within the arm in 11 patients (5.2%) using the short catheter and extravasation of contrast medium into the mediastinum in two patients (0.13%) using the long catheter. The contrast-medium- and disease-related complications included acute pulmonary edema in four patients (all four, however, had cardiac histories); hypotension in 23 patients (usually orthostatic hypotension noted when the patient was placed in the sitting position); thrombophlebitis in two patients using the short catheter; and one grand mal seizure. The authors' recommendations for performing safe DIVA are to use a recoilless catheter placed in the superior vena cava, to obtain pertinent patient history and to determine BUN and creatinine levels before injecting large doses of contrast material, and to limit the amount of contrast medium in high-risk patients (those with cardiac history, diabetes. or renal dysfunction). Rosl'lldll D. Dia:. M.D. • • • 3. Referellce: Li, K. c., Poon, P. Y., Hinton, P., Willinsky, R., Pavlin, C. J., Hurwitz, J. J., Buncic, J. R., and Henkelman, R. M.: Magnetic resonance of orbital tumors with computed tomography and ultrasound correlations. Assist. TOII/osr. 8: 10391047, 1984. Reprillts: P. Y. Poon, M.D., Department of Diagnostic Radiology, University of Toronto, Ontario Cancer 199 |
