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Show 280 LETTERS TO THE EDITOR REFERENCES 1. Guedry FE. The psychophysics of vestibular sensation. In: Kornhuber HH, ed. Handbook of sensory plzysiology va!. 1, part 2. Berlin: Springer Verlag 1974. 2. Cogan DC. Some objective and subjective observations on the vetibulo-ocular system. Am Ophthalmol 1958;45:74-8. 3. Gresty MA, Hess K, Leech J. Disorders of the vestibuloocular reflex producing oscillopsia and mechanism compensating for loss of labyrinthine function. Braill 1977; 100:693-716. 4. Lerner SA, Metz GJ, Hawkins JE. Aminoglycosideototoxicity. Boston: Little Brown, 1981. 5. Diamond S, Markham C. Ocular counterrolling as an indicator of vestibular otolith function. Neurology (Cleveland) 1983;33:1460-9. 6. Westheimer G, Blair SM. Ocular tilt reaction-a brainstem oculomotor routine. lllvest Ophthalmol 1975;14:833--9. 7. Halrnagyi GM, Gresty MA, Gibson WPR. Ocular tilt reaction with peripheral vestibular lesion. Alln Neural 1979; 6:80-3. 8. Dai MJ, Curthoys IS, Halmagyi GM. Perception of linear acceleration: II. Roll-tilt perception after unilateral vestibular neurectomy. Exp Brain Res (summitted). 9. Cairns H, Brain WR. Aural vertigo: Treatment by division of the eighth nerve. Lallcel 1933;1:946-52. 10. Bixenmann WW, von Noorden GK. Apparent foveal displacement in normal subjects and in cyclotropia. Ophthalmology 1982;89:58-62. 11. Freidmann G. Judgment of the visual vertical and horizontal with peripheral and central vestibular lesions. Brain 1970;93:313-28. 12. Trobe JD. Cyclodeviation in acquired vertical strabismus. Arclz OptlzalnIOI1984;102:717-20. 13. Slavin ML, LoPinto RJ. Isolated environmental tilt associated with lateral medullary compression by dolichoectasia of the vertebral artery. Is there a cause and effect relationship? I Clin Neuro·oplzlhalmol 1987;7:29-33. 14. Hagstrom I, Hornsten G, Silvferskiold BP. Oculostatic and visual phenomena in association with Wallenberg's syndrome. Acta Neurol Scand 1979;445:56&-82. 15. Rapper AH: lIIusion of tilting of the visual environment. A report of five cases. ] Clin Neuro-ophtlzalmoI1983;3:147-5l. 16. Brandt T, Dieterich M. Pathological eye-head coordination in roll: tonic ocular tilt reaction in mesencephalic and medullary lesions. Brain 1987;11O:649~6. 17. Smith JL, David NJ, Klintworth G: Skew deviation. Neurology (Minneapolis) 1964;14:96-105. Author's Reply To the Editor: My head is still reeling after reading the short , Gill Neuro-{)phtlzalmol, Vol. 8, No.4, 1988 treatise by Dr. Halmagyi and Dr. Hoyt. Would diagrams help? Are the authors saying that a "central ocular tilt reaction" is due to disease in the vestibular nuclei in the brainstem? Is the mechanism, therefore, of a peripheral ocular tilt reaction the same as a central ocular tilt reaction, namely, abrupt loss of vestibular function on one side? The nomenclature "ocular tilt reaction" is troublesome to me and I cannot understand whether the diplopia should be on the side named (left or right) or, more precisely, whether the vertical diplopia should be opposite to the lesioned vestibular nerve and vestibular nuclei or ipsilateral. As you can see, I find education painful, but the alternative is even worse! C. Keith Whittaker, M.D. Editorial Comment Applause is in order for Dr. Whittaker's question, the response by Drs. Halmagyi and Hoyt, and also for Dr. Whittaker's subsequent letter. It is obvious that this is not a simple matter. I recommend that neurosurgeons obtain a good neuroophthalmological consultation prior to vestibular nerve section, and then a repeat follow-up examination after that procedure, with careful measurement of the quantitative phorias, Bielschowsky test, and the like, so that this question can be really looked at carefully in a few cases. Would some of you gentle readers also want to write in a few letters to the editor and give us your additional experience and clarification of this question? Thanks for all your help! J. Lawton Smith, M.D. |