English botany, or, coloured figures of British plants, with their essential characters, synonyms, and places of growth. Volume 3

James Sowerby was an English naturalist, illustrator and mineralogist. He studied painting at the Royal Academy in London. This is the second of his illustrated volumes of English botany, issued in parts from 1790 to 1814. The work is in thirty-six volumes with more than twenty-five hundred hand-colored plates. An enormous number of plants were to receive their first formal publication within this work, but the authority for these came from the initially unattributed text written by James Edward Smith.

0, EE gee a ~ Nee ee nneee ennteetaene add i 4 buena( 0ierAalhe >) 4i >Inih on Vinge ADC VAs Yad” U¢ SLA Les l JINNIV] a RSITY 4 OF JTAH ; e i) £; ) ° b , OG eea RTtaeetaryLICMESONTYMmeOLreaDGDG“ ee frenancientINree tosChee a is de a Oh OL,CG ne ae Saeve-abtieatentatnseenaioat tpatandenipiaeniieieh ipeieiteaedieiieteehliinidotaesiliniiaiinaidiiasatdedadiaimedaimiaiineiatsinhcdeie RTeT ) i ars oat ENGLISH BOTANY; OR, COLOURED FIGURES OF BRITISH PLANTS, WITH THEIR ESSENTIAL CHARACTERS, SYNONYMS, AND PLACES OF GROWTH. TO WHICH WILL BE ADDED, OCCASIONAL REMARKS. BY JAMES SOWERBY, F.L.S. EL OUN. 1D. (OSNs PRINTED BY J. DAVIS, CHANCERY-LANE. And fold by the Proprietor, J. SoweRBY, at No; 2, Mead Place, Lambeth; by Meffrs. Wurre, Fleet-ftreet ; JoHNSON, St. Paul’s Church-yard; Diu y, in the Poultry; and by all Bookfellers, &c. in Town and Country, MDCCXCIY . UNIVERS Wie, "ee NETeeneet eae es PO EY [ 145 J PINGUICULAlufttanica. Pale Butter-wort. DIANDRIA Monogynia. Gen. Cuar. Cor. ringent, fpurred. Cal. two-lipped with five fegments. Capfule of onecell. 1 Spec. Cuar. Nectary blunt, fhorter than the petal. Stalk hairy. Ca pfule elobote. Syn. Pinguicula lufi Onee Linn. Sp. Pl. FY. An. ed. P. villofa. ud} Fl. An. ed. 2.8. With. Bot. Arr. 17. Lightf. Fl. Scot. 77. t. 6. P. flore minore carneo. aii Syn. * 281. Dr. PULTENEYofBlandford Dorfetthire was fo obliging as to fendusliving plants of this very interefting {pecies in: the end of Junelaft , gathered on bogs in his neighbourhood, and we embracewith pleafure the opportunity ofclearing up that obfcurity in whichit has been enveloped. The root is perennial. Leaveslike thofe of other fpecies of this genus, but rather more delicate and pellucid, reticulated with red veins, and muchinvolute in the margin. Stalks hairy, efpecially in their lower part, with fhort {preaading glandular hairs tipped with a vifcid fluid. Flowersalittle nodding. Calyx fearcely two-lipped, but almoft equally 5-cleft. Tube of the corolla nearly cylindrical, yellow fireaked with red; limb in 5 equal ee {preading fegments, of a pale lilac ; orifice hairy; {pur inflated at the bate, then contracted, terminating in a very bluntconical figure, and whendried (the only {tate in which Linnusfawit) mich thicker at the end thanat the middle, ftreaked with red. Stamina flattifh. Germenhairy. Stigma blunt, excavated on the upperfide. Capfule perfectly glohien crowned with the withered ftigma. That this is the real P. lufitanica we learn from Portuguefe {pecimens comparedwiththofe of Grifley, after which probably (feen in fomeherbartum) Linneusdefcribed it, for he had it not in his own. That it is P. villofa of Liehtfoot appears from a fpecimen from Skye, given to Dr. Smith by the Rev. Mr. Stuart, as well as from the figure in Flo, Scot. Neither can there be any doubt of its being»what Ray and Hudfonintended. The better to di ftinguifh this fpecies from others, we may remark that P. vulgaris ae an unequal limb, fpur, and oval cap fies fharp flender >, alpina a very thor conical fpur, and a long roftrated «cota : P. villofa a flender fharp fpur, and obcordate comprefied capfule, with fhort round leaves. Its hairyftalk and regular limb agree nearly with P. /u/itanica, but the wéllofa is the{mallerinall its parts. ee coe ae ie | es = ONCE edieLiLSeinCae eine glad eee eeee een ehh oS WS! “S98 471% [ 146 J PYROLA uniflora. Single-flowered Winter-Crecn. DECANDRIA Monogynia. Gin. Caan. Cul. 5-cleft. Petals 5. Capfule 5-celled, burfting at the angles. Spec. CuHar. Stalk bearinga folitary flower. Syn. Pyrola uniflora. Linn. Sp. Pl. 568. Fl. Dan. ¢t. 8. very incorrect. P. feapo unifloro. Hall. Hif?. 1011. P. quarta minima Clufii. Ger. em. 408. mie lh || Hav INGinthe preceding page determined an obfcure plant, we hope in this to afford the Britifh botanift no lefs pleafure in prefenting him with a newone. thougha native of the Lapland, Norway Pyrola uniflora, German andSwifs alps,was never fuppofed to growin our ifland till James Brodie Elq. of Brodie-houfe in Scotland foundit in that neighbourhood laft fummer, when alfo Mr. James HoyF. L. S. fent it to the Linnean Society from near Gordon Caftle. Both thefe gentlemen we believe2 are equally entitled to the honour ofits dif{covery ; to the former weare indebtedfor recent wild {pecimens. ThisPyrola is foundin moift alpine woods ; its long branched perennial roots run deep among the ee whichin fuch places is watered by numerous little rills. Every part is fmooth. The ftemfhort, fimple, angular, fet with a ie alternate concave {cales, and bearing feveral roundifh, moreorlefs obtufe, ferrated, veiny, petiolate leaves. Stalk terminal, ere&, much longer than the ftem, anaes, bearing {eldom more than one concave bractea, with a { olitary flower of great elegance, com- pared by Clufius to that of the Parnafiia(t. 82),~and poffell- ing all the fragrance of Lily of the valley. This flower is in perfe étion about July. Its corolla is fometimes ftreaked externally with red, as is the calyx. Linnzus and Haller have well obferved theat the ftamina are not placed regularly with refpect to the petals, fomeofthelatter having 3 flamina next them, others 2, and others but 1. The anthera are ofa moft puous figure, 4-lobed, with two tubes at the bafe by which probably the pollen is difcharged. 5-rayed crown. The ftigma refembles a SeORiOMeAtecra eaa <w a i ®)s Ya,he st heONE oe 2 ALT H ZA officinalis. Marfh Mallow. AOLOaote ale seveerv¢:reersenerene Neee eieee A ns bial tray Pr, sf y cS G Ay si aesiheezMieteeeeete ONStant atmtsosClie teeOtaieOi MONADELPHIAPolyandria. Gen. Cuar. 9 fegments. 4ri/li numerous, each containing one feed. Spec. Cuan. Leaves fimple, downy, flightly 5-lobed. Syn. Althea officinalis. Linn. Sp. Pl. 966. Hud/. Fl. An, 306. With. Bot. Arr.735. Relb. Cant. 264. A. vulgaris. " ger er NeTTE NToRMSIIRLTSCMOISONY er allNiiaILAD Cal. double; the external one in about Rai Syn. 252. Sarr marfhes, and banks ofditches in the fens, afford Marth Mallows in great abundance. We are obliged to Mr. Jacob Rayerfor this wild {pecimen, from Woldham marfh, Kent. It flowers from Julyto September. The roots are perennial, long and woody, abounding (as well as the herb) with a pure taftelefs colourlefs mucilage, for which reafon its decoétion is much ufed in diforders of the kidneys or bladder, and in all cafes where emollients are wanted. The ftems are numerous, upright, two or three feet high, round, naked below and purplith ; in the upper part covered with numerous alternate leaves, various in breadth, moreor lefs evidently 5-lobed and 5-ribbed, unequally ferrated in the margin. From their bofoms arife fhort denfe panicles of not inelegant pale purplifh flowers. The outer calyx has often 10 or even 12 divifions, though generally but 9. Nothing can exceed the delicately foft pubefcence which clothes every part of this herb, and which confifts of minute {tarry hairs entangled with each other. pePees ny a Cie ee es ee “% lA Ss o) es i ot Fa aanneanaia ih ankitill baie eat ET tte) er Deennnn nn eeeeen Ste Reaos Ie om BY‘)eSNrraeoeen p i ee£)helPeiaCheee,aCeThe) ro Chad Hh,ag Aig eiie SOCisrnatheesiePetecineeiteSinidbaadSoetahyOkeee4 ieeeSeeeS Cin ieCi tate) rT ESOTOYiePmLSIMECLINEPOAYINPOVSREOPTLH Ms Belt) PiaaNaeaeMiSRSE NCISAIR 7 lieWeel [ 148 ] UR TICA pilulifera, Roman Nettle. MONQ CIA Tetrandria. Gen. Cuan. Male. Ca/. 4-leaved. Cor. none. Neary in the centre, cup-fhaped. Female. Cal, 2-leaved. Cor. none. Seed one, polithed. Spec. Cuar. Leaves oppofite, ovate, ferrated. Catkins offruit globofe. Syn. Urtica pilulifera. Linn. Sp. Pl. 1395. Hudy/. FA. An, 417. With. Bot. Arr. 1070. U.pilulifera, folio profundius Urticze majoris in md- dumferrato, femine magno lini. Raii Syn. 140. SENT by Dawfon Turner Efq. in Julylaft from Yarmouth, where, as in various parts of the Norfolk and Suffolk coaft, this kindofnettle is found growing abundantly among rubbith and ftones. Its {ting is more painful than either of our common f{pecies whofeftru€ture is fo well illuftrated by Mr. Curtis in his Flora Londinenfis. This is an annual of very luxuriant growth, about 2 feet high, ftem obtufely angular, often purple. Leaves on longith footftalks, ovate, fometimes heart-thaped, pointed, very ftrongly ferrated, paler beneath. Flower-ftalks axillary , in pairs, thofe of the male flowers panicled. Their calyx is of four equal leaves. Stamina fpreading. Suppof ed nectary an obfolete concave tubercle in the centre. Female flowers in a round head. Calyx of two hemifpherical yalves clofely embracing the germen, and holding thefeed till quite ripe. Seed oval, dark brown, highly polifhed. Our fpecimens feem intermediate between thofe of U. pilulifera and U. balearica in the Linnean herbarium, and not- withftanding the opinion of Profeffor Murray (fee Witheri ng) we believe thefe {pecies not to be diftin&. different enough from both. U. Dodartii appears beak? tat Thta , * O54 a A ny D taeeestauhtianieshiateemateaentatacebentaemmmimmtineaemeunten mente A. dendlanintaanieaetedumdetaeaneiaeanienaeedee yas,RDSCRer fa05,5) DGDAGBiertiePeee CteideORACRE ne“ariia SieRhaY Se Rtsbce “a9Date058) ESethie kesaOtis heeOtheee [ 149 ] CREPIS _biennis. Rough Succory Hawkweed. SY NGENESIA Polgamia-cqualis. Gey. Cuar. Recept. naked. Calyx farrounded with deciduous fcales. Down fimple, generally on a footftalk. Spec. Cuan. Leaves runcinato-pinnatifid, rough, furnifhed at the bafe with teeth pointing upwards. Calyx briftly. Syn. Crepis biennis. Linn. Sp. Pl. 1136. Relh. Cant. 296. With. Bot. Arr. 855. Hedypnois biennis. TZud/. Fl. An. 342. Hieracium maximum Chondrille folio afperum. RheeOlaieCeeo fhaped, flowering about Ine or July of the fecond year. Stem erect, three or a feet high or more, angular, rough, leafy, brisached in the tyer part, often pur]plifh below. Radical leaves feveral, on long purplith footftalks, obovate, lyratodentate; thofe on the lower part of the {tem runcinate, with many{mall fharp feattered teeth ; the uppermoft leaves more deeply pinnatifid, feffile, dilated and half embracing the ftem at their bafe, with feveral fharp afcending teeth, All the leaves are rough, elpecially their mid-ribs beneath, with projJecting brifiles, Many alternate flower-ftalks termin ate the fiem, the« fone branched, making a fort of corymbus, each with a linear leaf at its baffe. Theexternal calyxis lax, fomewhat membranous in the margin, flightly briftfly on the bac k, and half as longas the inner one, Wwhich is ere>, more briftly on the back, and woolly at the bafe. The corollai1S extern: iy reddith. Florets 5-toothed, eiead in the afternoon. BeMnteaRieOkt $ a en ea Stelelineatakalaaeuaoheaatahinseateddaaaieadeaecet Founp in a chalky foil, and communicated from near Bury by William Mathew, Efq. Theroot is biennial, fpindle- Style's brownifh. Seeds ftriated, and fo much lengthened out into a beak that the down mayalmott be called ftipitate. This down ap pears rough when higthly magnifi ed, —Sometimes, as Dr. Stokes well ‘remarks, the calyx is {mooth or nearly fo, which is pairtly the cafe in Linnzus’s own Scanian fpecimens. ee = — Rau Syn. 166. i ilaiaakNiNTN a 0G0, DIGFe EO ee siames etT 5 ne CY y ba Pat Fe oO he asy) “ .} [ 150 ] ASPLENIUM Ruta-muraria. White Maiden-hair or Wall-rue. CRYPTOGAMIA Gen. Cuar. Filices. Fruéificationsin {cattered lines. Invo- Mc oene Jucrumoriginating laterally from a vein, and burft- ing inwardly (that is towards the nerve). Smith Mem. of the Turin Acad. Vol. s. Spec. Cuar. Frond alternately twice compound; leaflets wedge-fhaped notched. Syn. Afplenium Ruta-muraria, Linn. Sp. Pl 1541. Hudf. Fl. An. 453. Relb. Cant. 389. Ruta muraria. = 1 amen ere NOTE? Seoe Te ee —) = . eigsin iesMieUaBinsSegaMe eesSciewiseMinceliie ae einMianES oneaDEGaMs,DEG0,DRG r= With. Bot. Arr. F 3u Rati Syn. 122, Op walls and fhady rocks producethis little fern not un- frequently, varying much in fize acco rding to the degree of nourifhment, or rather moifture, that it meets with. The fructifications maybe found early in fumm er in the bet ftate for examination, whenthe membra ne which covers each line is about to burft, Thegenera offerns can only be determined in tl lat earlyftate, as manywhofe | x Fi 4 involucra are widely different have the back oftheir frond 8 cov ered in an advanced ftate wit h one confufed mafs of ¢ apfules, and have hence bee n err oneoufly referred to the genus of Acroftichum, as eve n the plant before us might be if onlyfee n in fuch a ftate. This is not one of the moft eafy to be det ermined in any ftate; but if care. fully examined it will be foundtl 1at the membra ne always burfts towards an adjo inin g vein or nerve, and neve r towards the margin ofthe leaf wit ce) Z A hout an intervening vein. The root is perennial » of many dark threadyfibr es. Stalks upright. Fronds thick and rigid, a little inclined, of a dark glaucous green, fmooth in every part. Involucrumn ot ched in the t margin, cé aNNNIIDINOSSN on naAea) 26 ? ee CINERARIA paluftris. Marfh Flea-wort. SYNGENESIA Polygamia-fuperfiua. Gen. Cuar. Receptacle naked. Seed-downfimple. Cal. fimple, of manyequal fcales. DCE so) Srec. Cuar. Flowers corymbofe. lanceolate, dentated or finuated. Syn. Cineraria paluftris. Fl. An. 369. Leaves broadly Stem fhaggy. Linn. Sp. Pl. 1243. With. Bot. Arr. 919. Hudy. Relb. Cant. 320. Fa © ; Conyza foliis laciniatis. : Raz Syn. 174. Tu 1S, though by no means a commonplant, is found in many ditches and wet marfhyplaces in the fens. Mr. Woodward favoured us with this fpecimen in the middle of June laft from near Hadifcoe in Norfolk ; it grows alfo on St. Faith’s Newton top to bottom with numerous alternate lanceolate leaves, and terminated by a leafy corymbus of bright yellow flowers with lemon-coloured rays. The leaves are flightly vifcid and hairy, C irregularly dentated, and often finuated. The flowers agree perfeGtly with the character of Cineraria, though once referred by Linnzeus to the genus Othonna. All the hairs of this plant are pellucid, andfinely jointed like a Conferva. et between, clothed with thick foft fhaggy hair, covered from yea The large fibrous perennial root runs deep into the muddy bottoms of ditches, and throws up high above the furface of the water one yeryftout principal ftem, with a fewlefler ones, all of them ereét, unbranched, with manyangles andftriated Y v Gt est> bogs near Norwich. ary ‘tagaoe mee eaten Daliesahes aieideaeeeleeTenaiebee nen Ce ROaSoteentComSeAiOTantoSorCie teOMeaianOlaheaieva Se PS 7 ‘a,&)-"* Oe GS. abs ne cay kare Pind lay CREEIE elapsepennear fap ORESabt A NOTHen pr CTnyoe)aRSCCTCCRNSaMoeOLEnad ONTOCSCSCrn TCTeor AceCmae BNOBiteoeaiheaz SeenccaSeaanSeinMSSeamoleteOle aieneOleheaS< bleee " I| eeieOSnOOO 5 or) Den SE oe Oooo a J Oeeed > oC iel oCieee BeNCSa aetnaAO NCS oeoeierh aeO i 3192 J TERARIA integrifolia. Mountain Flea-wort A SYNGENESIA Polygamia-Superflua. Gen. CHAR. Recept. naked. Down imple. Col, limp- ple, of many equal fcales. Spec. Cuar. Leaves oblong, obfoletel y denticulated, fhaggy. rn CieomICLO ke Syn. ad ar a eee COa a L ON yy seer Cmnenemesing Ne eee Nene eene ee a ee ae BeOePadeaietiaCeTe iY Go*to,.9A6 iG G mM Flowers in a fimple involucrated umbel. Cineraria integrifolia. With. Bot. Arr. 920, 4ufir, t. 180, C. alpina. Hudf. Fl. An, 370. Relb. Cant. 320. tab, Linn. Sp. Pl. (var. y) 1243. Jacobeea Pannonicafolio non laciniato. Rati Syn. 178, Oe ——_—$§_ eeleetanBileea! Garue xEDby the Rev. Mr. Hemfted on Gogmagogh ills and Newmarket heath, where, as on many other chalky downs of England,this plant is to be found flowering in Mayand June. Root long and thready, perennial. Radical leaves numerous, {preading on the ground, ovate, fpatulate, or obovate aNee toBeLa! Murr. Syft. ed. 14. (R pratenfis) 765. Facg. Fl. occafionally, generally lenethened out at the bafe, % alpina, Murr, & Jacq. t. 179, nor can we fuppofe that re wate= margin, Seeds hairy, Down fimple, roughith. Theflorets of the rad lus are generally broadeft in the middle, or nearlyoval, Cineraria alpina a Linn. Sp. Pl. is Senec io alpinus of the Suppl. P- 371, a verydifferent plant, whofe hiftory in the laf qcntioned place is terribly confufed, No. 67 of Haller being Senecio Doronicum, and No. 68 our Cineraria inteorifolia. No. 63 of Halleris (according to Mr. Davall) its true fynonym. Ourplant never approaches the appearance ofC. integrifolia Pr The feales oftl 1e calyx are nearly naked, and have a membranous ‘ee > naked, leaves. aof Ls on the ftem differ in being narro wer, and alternate, Stemfrom fix to twelve inches high, ereét, fimple, furrowed, woolly, bearing a few pedunculated flowe rs in a fimple umbel] with an involucrum ofa few lanceo] ate, pointed, almoft 5- reflexed and denticulated in the margin, clothed with loofe fhagey wool: thofe variety to belong to anything elfe than Jacquin’s C. longifolia, t, 181, - te 5 i cary eers ale aw ; Na iNeeRCCRNRNS CAIRN awa aCoannee J / Si > é é Ea J 6 6 re :3 c imesMikeKAakA iACBihkMetaMinsacsadacneDectxRin dle aaa eT eae CRE] vee ne wee otinateCitetieEccj Ab pres, ee) Cy ve > Biren e nBinachheenceiheokta DxDineshcaskBartcackia oe al eee ee aDManda (5DGCSbeatCieeiCheherBESCteSeeOn irre ore Cor. irregular. Filaments attachedlate- rally to a little footftalk. crenated; the uppermoft embracing the Bracteze minute. fiem. Summit of the coroila gluti- nous, Salvia pratenfis. An. 10. Linn. Sp. Pl. 35. With. Bott. Arr. 21. Sclarea pratenfis foliis ferratis. aS PEa (am GS 4 : Hudf. FI. v Syn. Rati Syn. 237. eiladearora Tue MeadowClaryis one of our more fpecious, as well as of our moft fearce plants of Britifh growth. Mr. Jacob Rayer gathered this {pecimen near Cobhamin Kent, the feat of Lord Darnley. Dr. Stokes mentions it as common in Surry and Suffex; we have hadit too from Oxfordfhire. It flowers in June, and cannot eafily be overlooked. ) | Py WN GZ Root perennial. Leaves oblong, nearly fmooth, irregularly crenated, wrinkled and veiny; the radical, and lower ftemleaves, on longifh footftalks, and fometimes finuated; the uppermoft feffile, 2 embracingDS the ftem, 2 fharply pointed. Long I d oS YeaYY TOY whorled fpikes of large blue flowers (6 of themin a whorl) terminate the ftem and branches, with a pair of very {mall heart-fhaped, acuminated bra&tezto each whorl, whence Linneusdefines it verticillis fubnudis, the braCteze being fo much lefs confpicuous than in moft other fpecies. The flower-ftalks and calyx, as well as the apex ofthe corolla, are hairy and vif- ; cid, an ee 7 } { re naSeaTiaheeCh he”ORYCOMO!CCDSTL ITE OD TAOS a This is not a yery aromatic{pecies. hen a Monogynia. oo Gen. Caan. DIANDRIA ental bt paid: MOT v NeeONOe ~; aeeA Meadow Clary. o) nn eeeaene ee SALVIApratenfis. Spec. Cuar. Leaves oblong, heart-fhaped at thebafe, MEROSCYS I iasMerete it Cerro y st aie? RO 3Minesihe = enn ss , re ltree OF aetna ee’ Po y wi i: PROPSOYYomNCSCS Tre CREMCERCSEO ICSSATONOIoeoTLe Rr aieaeanendtaped e ed ESSESIGSORGDEGMDS Eo wore a) Dee DE a5 prOP se @ iie en Y OOO” aa OFeeaoe ies a x) a7 ? s 4 2 oO : éJ cc 3 a i sy i S A P J b Ot Foun.DK RNS GSeSoeacotiecsOleaD e verbenaca. Wild Englifh Clary. DIANDRIA Monogynia. Gen. Cuar. Cor. irregular. Filaments attachedlaterally to a little footftalk. Spec. Cuan. Leavesferrated, fmoothifh. Corolla much more contracted than the calyx. Salvia verbenaca. Linn. Sp. Pl. 35. Hud. Fi, An. 10. With. Bott. Arr. 22. Relb. Cant. 10. Horminum {fylvefire Lavandule flore. Rais Syn. Common on chalky andgravellyfoils, as about Charlton. The whole plant is of a deeper green than Salvia pratenfis, and the flowers of a darker blueifh purple; they are alfo much fmaller, and byfar lefs confpicuous. Theroot is perennial, ftrong and woody. Radical leaves on footftalks, finuated and crenate; thofe onthe ftem feffile, fharp- Bra€teze entire, heart-fhaped, acute, The fowers appear in June, and may be found even till October, Ourfigure expreffes their ftructure. The herb and flowers prove very aromatic upon being rubted. The feeds are black and {mooth, producing a great quantity of foft taftelefs mucilage when moiftened, whence they be- come ferviceable for removing extraneous matter from the eyes. If put under the eyelid for a few moments, the tears diffolve n iN their mucilage, which envelops any fand or duft that may be inthe way, and bringsit out fafely. Gerarde has noticed this. a hrger in proportion to the flowers than in S. pratenfis. ee ly.and grofsly ferrated. a 4 Qj r be rr aeeaBias OACey OSae 237: 5 at) et Syn. r a | Siactealuntaecoktiorcacoies Dree SALVIA aiate Nie Neeae [ 154 ] eeOe DaaoeaeanRataBae MeieeeOiaT ~, aC) h esetibbaueee i) bre OrEA4 oa /* eCieteesianClieteeae SRBae rcOreeieiaelie erCieClSOStaeCit « beOe 7 —_ EOE Taeea-oeeigeveimetel9rd ncaa eileen Re 7s PF 5 mh a Ce . ayaOW NeOtketch iea ieeea aaa raela TOTOYeNO)aeeaCniORLMaaMane! *PROSNONON eeTae eOle neeaRaeClie ‘) ORRTaeMrhieeeeMiePiesOtieee BeOSvemhoySeatcl Le adhee oSMOGDGSMINS“GOK aOSS & NOE Sey A? 5 Oeoeal ikNe aieaketanOaaeas an ¥ icaloiinesrancdaaiaikclins5: Mebneas “DiosMIG.IRC eeOarie eee ass ‘ : Feo,DEIEC *6e.) a , Wi a)ea ro N [sss le LICHEN fanguinarius. ry > 7 ; i F Ae : a fey Sanguincous Lichen. nsnsasienhesliaaaenitleientiastaceand Wart { 3 CRYPTOGAMIA ' Fs )\ Alga. 0 0 cI Gen. CHAR. a {cattered warts. '| TDIRGngDIRSDKte,SG, Female, fmooth fhields or tubercles, in which the feeds are imbedded. |: e Spec. Cuar. Cruftaceou A: } cles black, deftitute of a border, fneui Gare HERLED copioufly by Dr. Smith on the granite rocks of { itlock, though rare,elfewhere. We have been v icya aring of fynonymsto this fpecies, becaufe 0 have underftood it. Linnzeus con{carcely any author feems to ecies of Lich n, under the name of founded together fever: fanguinarius with a thin yinion greyith g¢round and are diftinct, efpecially one margi 1 tubercles, found other wich. a thick . Hudfon, Lightwithout any dif- peCtable authoe examined n ae be certamly diftin- 1ub nd 1 its furface ting ¢ ce very white in often of a confiinute unequal knobs lly, though lome times ftained with a mott. vivid > hue. The tubercles are veryvarious infize, flat, and imbedded at firft among the inequaities s the a buttfoon rifing5 above it, and oo ny ally mayaPRReeiOe black, fcarcelythiining. thicker layer of grey appears and red, appearingto bethe cruft of eeee centre of i tubercle , and fo becomingmorecont a or _ >a en . not infalliblyy) red thanit is ofitfelf in other parts oa or rege |its wh [s, et is i ae : eco SnesOe“Ss > cruft derableth ae)RRrn nm BoEse) SOSEoe re ox eeOe es Se CeHONDHS Reia iezleeCYleallieDoeeieCaitManeOl = es Beas ee,btBeeeees 2 Gen. CHAR. Malile ls or tubercles, in which the 1 ‘ °. . Female, {moot 7% 1 feeds are eta. Es Spec. Cuar. Cruftaceous, ) whitifh. Shields Jyellow, with a white ma : Syn. Lichen tartareus. :cd: Pl. 1608. Hudy. Fi. Linn. Sp. f With, Bot. Arr. v. An. 529. Lichenoides cruftaceum 8 acetabulis et le profum, a1. majoribus luteis, limbis argenteis. Razz eke icaMeieiakDietadDieakMaasMarkcxMartekarcsre: e SOiaa mn aleaaaiel aT te ee , S POs, ay Ped, EeACmdTLteed ore ‘ RROteaoRedSPRcimacyBOYTnefoeceC Dill. Mufc. i} : ind the north of Engaceous Lichens. ; The is externally of a greyifh In th icknefs it varies from es andturf, and affuming {ry na | para ihe;ir form, often 6 8 or roinches. The fhields are in breadth, flat, fmooth, not fhining, inch from a line to half an [ts diame ter is r, wl of a yellowifh bufl- , k margin Thefe gate. Lichen tartareus fhields prove hite elevated, often rugged, occalion ally proliferous, or aggre; maj e Kk nown, even without fructification, ed. It is “alkaline fmell when moiften pun | choofe fuchfpemuch ufed in lyeing. The gatherers care fully neverfcrape the they and cimens as are of a fi rm de1 ue textul by a pe CEOREteARocOR preparedfor ule famerock oftener than once 11: five years. It is 1s * a feprocefs exact he t t < btut and alkali alum, | ile with volat cret by the manufacturersat Gla . When fold to the Dyers, ee TERT oneNERPC r, callec 1 Cudbear (acorit appears in the form of ¢ pury epowde or); ruption of Cuthbert, the - ne of its invent boiled with woollen This powder yarn, comn unicates its colourto1t, being we from or but not to vegetable fubftances. "3 he « lox ir 1S e Continent, vol. 1. p.19 S re rw iha ee G'%, tod yn % manent, Sec Dr. Smith’s Toe eastereae more. a One EPerry beeds ade Cu 5 WeStes S OD ErHs Pao a Re igeRLaRaRRCAROnCleeReeCieChae 2 <a ie “ ey 5Es 6G) 3 ig o é F; se cia 6 >) 4 FI E a ROCESRoasanteRAccahackMateokiissease se ong INO are CianTineChine:teOCBAaetorOR éé C % 3 Cy 12 Z e Hy M4> ie 2 é ry © E ¥ ¢ es e } Me Ny Pd 4350W a akBiashMas Beakte testac ie rcataOTN eee mea TT TePa Ceea teRLM sn } iii jb — i ae Py | |1 GERANIUM rotundifolium. ; v ( Doves-foot Cranefoill. MONADELPHIA Decandria. |H x : : Gen. Cuar. Style one. Cor. of5 petals, regular. Neary 5 glands at the bafe of a longer fiamina. Fruit beaked, feparating into 5 arilli, each tipped with a long fimple naked awn. Spec. Cuar. Stalks two-flowered. Petals entire, the length ofthe calyx. Stem fpreading. Leaves kidney-fhaped, cut. Arillus even, hairy. Seeds reti- S Syn. ih 3 ss; 4 culated. Geranium rotundifolium. Linn. Sp. Pl. 957. Hudf. Fl. An. 303. With. Bot, Arr. G. columbinum majus, flore minore Raii Syn. 358. ——— EF ROM undera wall near Hackney, gathered by Mr. E. Forfter jun. who hasalfo foundit about [{lington, and at Church Bramtonin North te Thisis oneofthe leaft general of our Cranefbills, though abundant in quantity where ‘it does grow. This fpecies is annual, and flowers in June and July. The ftems are much branched, ftraggling, but fe pies) proftrate. Every part of the herbis clothed w ith a velvet-like downinefs, very foft to the touch. Theleaves are more roundthanin fome other commonfpecies; their colour yialer. It is, however, needlefs to recur to the vague m:arks of diftin@tion given byall authors, as the Secoor reticulated feeds diftinguifh this from all its allied { pecies, efpecially ie the pufillum, with whichits arillus fomewhat agrees; though even in that part they maybe diftinguithed, thehairs on the arillus of pufillum being clo/e preffed, not fpreading. Thearillus of molle = from. both in being very rugged, and not even, inits furface That of pyrenaicumis even, tharply carinated, andfcarcel y pus befcent at all. aMaerTiereheeOCRteBatorSintonoie Dy a) DP SRDSe Ey DoTaam SEote Cie tiiehtaseadBierakMoet easton’ acctaecokWoraetoes : KG pal my aroOteDKSeee)a0‘i oe NeA Be eSMEny ROetohseeteeoieyoCitalibsieSCs SRceiCike iteoCiee ms 2 iD 7 : 5G P é ‘ 6 CS >} AFI teasDaa aiaaataaneaec| ee ee kRateieacsRaeBiechnhsAskihaakesas an PCakcack,cacs ; e enhintaan AAEM am SO * C M3 e} annmm nN eo ay ee aS pra C) EN ryé oo, BnaeiataBk Be iketahBeaMoa Am wr Ret) J enenRNS EM co C OOBiteteaCRTs~DSDakeDakSate Ayeta DECANDRIA Monogynia. GEN . Caan. ‘Petals 5. Capfule 5-celled, Cal. 5-cleft. pe at the angles. Spec, CuHar. Flowers in a racemus, fcattered. mina fpreading every way. Style ftraight. Sta- 2 ReCOLae 4 = C) Fl. Syn. Pyrola minor. Linn. Sp. Pl. 567. Hudf. An. 176. With, Bot. Arr. 429. Raii Syn. 363. cocnimeaiiiatimmnnians la uniflora (t. 146) by SENT from Scotland alongwith Pyro e plant, oc curring in James Brodie Efq. It is rather an alpin in Stoken-church mountainous forefts, though even found woods Oxfordfhire. Dillenius well obferves, that thisis really olia, > called byy old authors more commonthantheP. retundif have been confounded, as vulgaris, and fufpects ee mayoften Z in Mr. Dr. Smith found them fo they cetrtainly were by Ray. G in the form and poLightfoot’s her!parium, tthough fo diftin as we hope to demonftrate fition of their ftamina and pif lla, P. rotundifolia. whenwe can obtain-a wild {pecimen of l bra nchyroot, produThe plant now firured has a perennica 3 are roundle cing a fewfhort, anoular, leafy {tems. The {mooth 3 ure text m fir 2 a hard ith, a obtufe,) obfeletely ferrsated, > of fialk The vebbed, foot ftalks. on longifh, angular, andoft {mooth, terminating is erect, about 6 inches higts uF iangul ar, flowers, ftanding upright bunch OFwhite or redddith in afimple and pointing every way. Calyx tary at the bafe of each footftalk. m their veiny. Staminafpreading fro : their Anthere roundifh, with two holesat ruded into tubes. but not, as in P. umiflora, prot : wut Style fimple, fhort, erect, rmen roundifh, with five furrows. , five-lobed. 2 yon a level with the ftamina. Stigma {mall er natue fpecies, plant ed by Mr. Lightfoot, is in a mann ood at Bulftrode. .d in the Duke ofPortland’s fine w PaaS rears : PINTBiaChaehoBiteOR OCR OTR The bracteze lan- REPag ra DGDGSEaS N PYROLA minor. Lefer Winter-green. Roete onsBee ue CitetheCYNheOeCiaCNRtelOlle , f an ika agAli heBne beCie OES WheocPinasinelahat G A aNeee ale ots ee ‘i OeRn Reeeteenceeon A > 3 rf a “1 ol 3 Py ¢ e FE So “ ~ Ay | = A tie eared MacMinto RaneesCacBinkDinahMtsMeaskDeeteabana cy ee ee WRN CMasieOLCiSaheoli »2SMe toe CCE ws me BEMROENOESINCEa RNRCa I bd a VA os Daefahe DMGOKCOcotiiteCMa Pery oe, NeCheeeoMieten es eieOia BONteenceoitnccai SObkos ceeSleterClienei i " DRE, 98 C) Chu hee a heOo F ® NYMPH AAlutea, Yellow Water-Lily. POLYANDRIA Monogynia. Gen. Cuan. Cal. of 4 or 5 leaves. Petals numerous. Berry of many cells, truncated. LES My t AE ii, ee (S \Z mM TASZUN whi YX a LE Life 7A G 4 ’ y fiveSprc. Cuar. Leaves heart-fhaped, Pe entire. Calyx leaved, much exceeding the corolla. I» Ie Z Syn. Nymphzea lutea. Linn. Sp. Pl. 729. Hudy. Fi, An. 234. With, Bot. Arr. 554. Relb. Cant. 205, Raii Syn. 368. ti it sont AU — NSNYOTe eal iheootec alain Oea atoareaORoleses | 7 . : ; - flowA VERY general inhabitant of rivers and large pools, ering about the middle of fummer very copioufly. Rootperen- nial, running deep into the mud. Leaves radical, on roundifh footftalks flattened on onefide, whichare longeror fhorter according to the depth of the water, the leaf itfelf floating upon the the furface, to which its underfide is clofely applied, while from upper remains dry. A remarkable line or furrow runs margin the leaf; the the infertion of the footftalk to thetip of is entire, The flowers, as Ray obferves, fmell like brandy, whence theyare vulgarly called in Norfolk brandy-bottles. The ; | calyx is of five large obovate concave yellow leaves, green ex- ternally towards the bafe. Petals mugh fhorter, n»merous, recurved, very obtufe, thick and flethy, yellow with an orange fpot. Stamina and anthere recurved, moftly uniform. Ger- men round and fmooth. Style fearcely any. Stigma flattifh, Millet, but larger. Oe Le Ee umbilicated, radiated, each ray anfwering to a cell in the berry; whichis fpongy, full of farinaceous feeds, not unlike thofe o! NaCNOIOISIO rs All the ftamina, as well as the petals, arg inferted into the receptacle, not into the germen. CaeNOSoad ( — °. | a a _o ny , iil ae eeeke 7 - aia Me Me E504DMSDHSDHSDRGDEG MD?EOC) OES 3 Cree Dis ns Ne FlWW 2 2 os3 S . s SsB 3} Fi a Fg Ss cia a) FSs ig ; % rd Ps .J o a] eB ast g edad ¥ ? A _ oe eoOei . SYESNURSE NCLSCLCRIOLeleliaCliRadeeaCnh ‘3 FOILIRLSIRES rrTSIENVMSIM a) TNa are OT UTE ae a bead(ie aah ne DEGA SOL DHS DS io dei idl Nes ablil 4 5°84, RG DRG$95, OF 79, hae £6Nee a led aan rue v CEOOE “ee AChThEaCe DRG rs reas pt} LI3TidsSdRie PeSe ee eeni [ 160 | NYMPH#EAahlba, White Water- Lily. POLYAND RIA Grn. Citar. Monogynia. Cal. of 4 or 5 leaves. Petals numerous. Berry of many cells, truncated. Spec. Cuar. Leaves heart-fhaped, entire. Calyx fourleaved, Linn. Sp. Pl. 729. Hudf. Fi. Syn. Nymphea alba. SOteeaeeadte N. 234 aa eee I sou WE ee alt 5 MN. With. Bot. Arr. 555. Relb. Cant. 206. e 68. + , and America her Magnolias, J ith mayboatt her Palm-trees NDIA in magnificence, but the latter fearcely exceed our Nympheza n productions 18 and the moft noble and celebratedof all India That, however, in fa& a Water-lily, Nymphza Nelumbo. its country, than does not more excell the other vegetables of ether the air of a this every Britith plant befides. It has altog Tropical production. this kind is not Thouch byfar lefs common thanthe lutea, at the fame time rare in fome parts of England. It flowers te al pega MeaklieknetsaadBleaksaadlesakerasnecesBas Siete Mrs? i 5. | in Se Ns TO | much inroot and with that fpecies, and agrees with it very flower indeedis widely leaves, except in being larger. The lanceo‘rent. The calyx of four leaves only, which are at the bafe white, often tinged : late, and more fpreading, , espe lanceolate, as large, with a light blufh-colour. Petals nearly running into the ftamiin feveral rows, eradually leffening and be drawn between na, fo that the line ofdiftin@tion can hardly being dilated ftamina of rows them, the filaments of the outer rudiments of antheinto a lanceolate form, and havingbut the Both petals< ss re. ply cloven, andits fegments recur- that of N. lutea, bei ee 564,77 OLBia .d. when gathered they Thefe flowers have no fmell, and erve their form and colour in fade very foon. Theyi" eafily= pref ita TY . 4 ; 7. Theftalks ulent. drying between paper, though lo very fucc eed cs : us white Nalrs, are fisll are Wi f : iL er Cte2LSeeRiate”oRieCiaoeSlawcm reon oaEE AL laroe full of tnt c. large tubes, il 1 4 which are numero = circles even to its fummit. 6 v ayOe RSEOECantor Wee DS v —= ( — > je 2 ee OXY s Mieekiake eel tq, Dales Stal oe | sr othe Oe —————— ae TenAte a a Ta rot 5 SA * iiecediaie earch acesrikiaericihinaaibicied ered aah {= i lelhiniadeeei RR NRE, —s DEGDRETRSOE ts ot Fne . — == ane Z/-- a ——— a- me 4 — : > == re we PA o Psé )] a ES EyFyos ec BVA iS = pr ait SRaeee ehlies De: = ere al alll os I aATRSTNCCNMLINL MCa ica . Ms oo, DRSONC DRCHODS99RGMoes ORtaeoriheealieao 9 SSL “a Pe en Oh DG,INCDAS hla i | hres | Wy o 4 oe ie Yan cae C2ieeedl ROentedadiealieTe o t SCCaS DG ory CARDUUS acaulis. Dwarf Thiftle. Ss ame ee Chetai i SYNGENESIA Polyza mia-equalis. with fpinousfeales. Gen. Cuar. Cal. ovate, imbricated Receptacle hairy. Spec. Cuan. Stem wanting. Carduus acaulis. Calyx fmooth. Linn. Sp. PL 2296. 307. Carlina acaulis minore purpurco flore. Rai Syn. 195- Baan) ee IND rs in gravelly and chalky I HIS fpecies of Carduus occu : ly in Norfolk, though paftures and commons, very abundant plant. Its large red flowers, by no means a general Englifh one upon each plant, are very which are feldom more than the root, in the centre of many confpicuous, tanding clofe to which fometimes form a cirwide-{preading depreffed leaves, , and are fo clofely applied to cle of near a foot in diameter aves grow beneath them. Thefele the ground that nothing can > green, pinnatifid, much are f{mooth and fhining, of a deep e calyx narrow, {mooth, lobed, and very fpinous. Scales ofth etimes minutelyciliated torather obtufe, flightly {fpinous, {om crimfon, appearing inJ uly wards the top. Flower erect, deep dy, and perennial. or Auguft. The root is ftrong, woo t of the plant grows When cultivated in a garden, the habi CT , fomeinches in height, and morelax, and a ftem 1S produced pens branched, bearing {everal flowers. The fame thing hap of Europe. aN to the Carlina acaulis of the fouth PMT I JUW teeyLS | yaI a PeScie ecoetae PenalieCeeee ac CO ee ir Aelita ESDRSDRGDESDNSDRSDEG DAG “OaDAG “ag LO. SOIR INETHEONENSDBOSIEteHEDRO N NeeeaaeDaaa BS aeetaol heOlenaOpeie>aCeioie i Pe | [ 162 J HYMENOPHYLLUM Tunbridgenfe. Tunbridge Filmy-leaf. CRYPTOGAMIA Filices. Gen. Cuar. Fruifications inferted into the margin of the frond, diftinét. Jnvolucrum two-valved, flattith, ftraight, opening outwards, longer than the Smith Mem. of the Turin Acad. vol. 5. Spec, Cuar. Fronds alternately bipinnate, decurrent, fharplyferrated as wellas the involucrum. Fructifications folitary at the upper edge of the bafe of each general divifion of the frond. Syn. Trichomanes Tunbridgenfe. Linn. Sp. Pl. 1561. Column. Hudf. Fl. An. 461. With. Bot. Arr. vol. 3. 65. Adiantum petreeum perpufillum Anglicum, folis bifidis vel trifidis. Raw Syn. 123. ee ——_—— x Forfter jun. (GATHERED near Tunbridge by Mr. T. F. north parts alfo in Wales, Weftmoreland, and the It grows which it clothes in of Yorkfhire, on horizontal moift rocks, laree tufts. common Mr. Lightfoot mentions this fpecies as far, throwing in Scotland. Theflender wiryroots {fpread very upright numerous producing and out fibres here and there, in fummer up dried fometimes when which fronds, leaves or membranous curl backwards. Their fubftance 1s extremely microfcope, a under reticulated finely and pellucid, appearing Trichomanes), their fc or as in all this genus (and in the real having a ftrong fimments linear, obtufe, fharply {errated, and take fruGifications, when they occur, ple central mb. The pinna or general divifion of place of the firft fegment of each nerve, andpointappropriate its terminating each the frond, 1s of two {lightly concave ing upwards. Their involucrum leaf, irregularly notchofthe valves, arifine from the fubftance thefe is a fhort Between margin. their ed and ferrated in each embracapfules, -olumn, befet with fmall round bivalve common ferns. ed with anelaftic ring as in the more fo diftinét from The bivalve involucrum and fhort column, or ftyle, column andlong the urn-fhaped undivided involucrum, to eftablith Smith Dr. induced have of the true Trichomanes, Ferns, printed by the this new genus in his Differtation on Academy of Turin. We have attemptedto giveit an Englifh 1ame, which is a tranflation of its Greek one. opSHG"HKGtea ReegaleMelee ES0 DRS SL DEC DHSDRSDEGOeD a eetata nseGi ee eel ad ——— eea) Mieieoe RYeat idPiea —— a ase — = re (SE DSRGRSDREOREOSIE MO aweeLY DS Oa et ory My H 4 F re) 3 i ¢ 4 a) Fa Ef o 9 cc Bd ) i ft) 7 } 1 s 2 p i) % * E *s Ny a Pe fd iN - OsMieteeliad oe© S eSOeed Cteieee ONMednied Pirealleei ONaails eeReooCliei ee te en | setha et q ’ [ 163 CYATHEA incifa. Laciniated Cup-fern. CRYPTOGAMIA Filwes. Gen. Cuar. Frudiifications fcattered, roundifh, growing out of an hemifpherical calyx, which burfts at the top without an operculum. Smith Mem, of the Turin Acad. vol. §. Spec. Cuar. Frondlanceolate, bipinnate, pinnatifid; its fegments lobed, obtufe, and beardlefs. winged. flichtly ° y oS Stalk MeNete ee q eee, oo \ t lacerated, > and turned to Calyx a one fide. nc We received this fern from a wall near Walthamftow, where it was found by Mr. T. F. Forfter jun. who thinks it diftinGt from Cyatheafragilis (Polypodium fragile of Linnzus). Wedare not pofitively affert it to be fo, but ratheroffer it for the confideration of botanifts converfant with this mtricate tribe. The chief difference confifts in the divifions of the leaves of our fern being obtufe, and perfectly deftitute of the briftly pomt obfervable in the other. There is alfo fome difference in their habit and appearance, and the fructification of the fragilis is blacker. We havebeen inclinedto believe ours the P. regium of Linneus; but theoriginal {fpecimen of that in the Cliffortian herbarium has a triangular, not lanc eolate, frond. Neither is ours P. alpinum of Jacquin, the divifions tial to the genus that the young capfules are envelope din a globular membrane, which goes undlerneath them, and burfts , or at thefide either at the top, in an even orlacerated fig. x.) as in this fpecies and iom 1 . 7 In fome {pecimens the frond | tore dilated ~~ D8 “tee DGD +] itt } than thole we have drawn 1 = rs more clear idea ofit in firuring C. fragilis, as in this the parts are too minute, andthe (tru€ture too obfcure; but it is eflen- ANTES With refpeét to the generic character, we hope to give a S$ of which arelinear, or nearlyfo. Mehaan) OmeinCon COR Rosh 8SDRGDASTRSDRS DRG ¥ ie ete DG Oe NS ENN ie eenolan OM>Benet icineeck 5 o,7 Cea Oe heeeeooleeeoie eiieeel DSROGDRSOG be SS sry OR>tae eaheee eee etele i } , f OhmPieORaCR ieia — ; nt [ 164 ] CUCUBALUS Behen. Bladder Campion. DECANDRIA Trigynia. Gen. Cuar. Cal. fwelling. Petals five, furnifhed with Syn. Cucubalus Behen. Linn. Sp. Pl. 591. Hudf. Fi. An. 186. With. Bot. Arr. 445. Relh. Cant. 168. Lychnis fylvefiris, quee Ben album vulgo. Rati yt. 337+ o Spec. Caan. Calyx nearly globular, fmooth, reticulated with veins. Leaves ovato-lanceolate, glaucous, fmooth. a: celled. GopSHG. HG Cap/. three- ee claws, not crowned at the mouth. yN } OUNDevery where in corn-fields, paftures, and by wayfides, flowering abundantly in the middle and latter part of fummer, and thriving though frequently covered with duft. It appears to moft advantage in a chalkyfoil. Root perennial. Radical leaves in tufts, fpatulate ; thofe on the ftem lanceolate or ovate; all of thementire, pliable and fomewhatfucculent, glaucous, with a very green pulp, moftly fmooth, though fometimes ciliated and a little hairy. The ftem is round, fmooth and glaucous, a foot or two in height, erect, leafy, dichotomoufly panicled. The flowers on flender foot-ftalks, nodding, numerous, with fcarcely any {mell. Calyx inflated, and beautifully veined with purple and green. Pe producing a vaft quantity of barren purple duft, inftead of the true pollen, with whichthe petals are often ftained, fo as to be difcoverable at a great diftance. Dr. Withering fays the leaves boiled maybe eaten as peas. Whether the Silene amcenaof our Britifh authors (widely different from that of Linnzus) be only a variety of this plant, as the laft-mentioned writer thought, or really a diftinét {pegenus, 3 wefhall at fome future time endeavour to decies and ‘ *e, cr termine, diedMercedes tals white, quite deftitute of a crown. The antherz are fometimes liable to a difeafe, becoming large and fwelled, and ro" ceematitieaienatt Y DEGtaDEG Cee ' MenBaeaterOnCoin rr a ————— SSae eae a ; 2 == —_ = = ——— — ae = —_—— labs OREDREOREORE f ERE DRE RE E TR D BR THEATRE Ea ean PE PRN,iBie €) A ro) oa BS Fy Fd % 3} ?es “1 a Fy 9 *% y r i M ed a) Fs A a eC) ne EB $ OO>Bedsidiieolie DeaeaBierlieokie ot PMS eeteelieitoieeelieseea ‘ —— dl : [ 165 ] ATRIPLEX laciniata. Frofted Sea Orache. POLYGAMIA Monoecia. Gen. Cuar. Hermaphrodite. Ca/. 5-leaved. Cor. none. Stam. 5. Female. Style cloven. Seed 1, deprefled. Cazal, 2-leaved. Cor. none. Style cloven. Seed 1, comprefied. Spec. Cuar. Stem herbaceous, fpreading. Leaves trowel-fhaped, angular and dentated, very mealy beneath. Syn. Atriplex laciniata. Linn. Sp. Pl. 1494. Hudy. Fi. An. 442. With. Bot. Arr. 1143. Lightf. Flo, Scot. 636. Dick/. Hort. ficc. fafe. 4. 15. A. maritima, Raii Syn. 152. | Garuerep laft Auguft on the beach near Landguardfort by Dr. Smith, who alfo foundit plentifully at Leith near Edinburgh. This is the real Atriplex laciniata of Linneus, thoughthe defcription in Sp. Pl. ed. 2, does not altogetherac- cord with our Britith fpecimens, owingtothat defcription hav- ing been made from the confideration of feveral {pecimens in the Linnean herbarium which to us appear diftinét {pecies. Mr. Lightfoot’s and Mr. Woodward’s defcriptions are good ; but we cannot acree with Mr. Hudfon in referring anyofthe varieties of our plant to the A. tatarica, though poffibly fome of the above-mentioned fpecimens, defcribed by Linnzus for laciniata, may belong totatarica. _ Ourlaciniata is a very diftinét and eafily difcriminated fpecies. Its ftem is round, always fpreading, generally proftrate, much branching, and more or lefs zigzag, by no means w and- like (virgatus), its colour white or reddifh. Leaves moftly al- bafe, ternate, moreor lefs triangular, but lengthened out at the deeply and unequally toothed and finuated, though not properly {cales, laciniated, clothed (efpecially beneath) with whitefilvery Even the which likewife appear on otherparts of the plant. ones hermaphrodite flowers are fcarcely fpiked, and the female perin found not ae axillary. The feed of the former we have fection. The calyx of thelatter grows verylarge, and is ge- nerally furnifhed with lateral protuberances ; it enclofes a large in compreffed fmooth feed. The root is annual, andthrives i € pure fand ofthe fea-fhore. taQISY ieee eSoie ie aat oii bie ~ (es | Naenteeece ReBicceislinesCadelMieacai ! ROSESDRBEEEREBEDE ED 166 —— SAGINA j ceraftoides, Mou/fe-ear Pearl-wort. TETRANDRIA Tetragynia. Gen. Cuan. Cal. 4-leaved. Petals 4. Capf. with 4 cells and 4 valves. Spec. Cuar. Stem diffufe and dichotomous. Leaves fpatulate or obovate, recurved. I the ripe fruit reflexed. Syn. Foot-ftalks of Sagina ceraftoides. Tranf. of Linn. Soc. vol. 2. o 343: ' Mr. James Dickfon, who difeovered this plant on the fandy fhores and rocks about the Firth of Forth in Scotland, flowering in June and July, laid it before the Linnean Society in Oétober laft; and from his fpecimens, both wild andcultivated, Dr. Smith has drawn upafull defcription, printed in the 2d volume of the Society’s Tranfactions, juft about to appear. The habit of this plant is verylike that of a Ceraftium, but the number of the parts offructification make it a Sagina, to which genus it therefore mutt be referred, as the genera in this natural order are founded on differences of numberalone. Mr. Dickfon has obferved the numberof ftaminato be conftantly four in the wild plant: truth obliges us to declare we have in cultivated very luxuriant {pecimens fometimes found five, though in the fame flower the petals, calyx-leaves and ftyles were but four ; a fufficient indication that the fifth ftamen was an unnatural luxuriance. BIOs, hairy in the upper part. Stems proftrate, dichoto- Leaves like thofe of a Ce- raftium, hairy, Flowers folitary, on longifh foot-{talks from each divifion ofthe ftem, which foot-ftalks, as the fruit ripens, become reflexed. Calyx of four leaves, two of which have a membranous margin. Petals fhorter than the calyx, cloven, t Stamina ftill fhorter. Germen oval. Styles fhort. burfting with 8 blunt teeth, The flowers expand bright weather, Oe iReeeeRteoielBet) — The root appears to be annual. i eeeei) ae - oe f Cee a * Fe ar 5 5 2 See i Oa te Re et eetDol) id = Cae in ¥00De**0e®, cal ad Pt ti heeaki Pg Ia ndte ee ‘ESES “5,SHG. tilteetitincaielt crsMitarctaik EYee ii Z}} fF CS Ce ieee Oe .> Did 5Cte tdte OtMa Mo Oii DECANDRIA Digynia Gen. Cuar. Cal. s-cleft. Petals 5. Cap/: with two beaks, one-celled ; feeds numerous. Spec. Cuar. Leaves ferrated. ing. Petals pointed. Stem naked, branch Syn. Saxifraga ftellaris. Linn. Sp. Pl. 572. An. 179. With. Bot. Arr. 430+ Hud. Fil, Geum paluftre minus, foliis oblongis crenatis. Rai Syn. 354. ' AcilialthelieirhiidilitteWtecrtastdl Hairy Saxifrage. Aw) ee EE o 0 SAXIFRAGA ftellaris, ae Seeembetiieneentad te Cleeakteastetnntae 2 teied aidnoCteheeOlies DRENDREDO OS SSietnecslias a Tue elegant genus of Saxifraga is almoft entirely alpine, and moft of its fpecies can bear a confiderable degree of cold, provided they enjoy a pure air. This now before us grows plentifully in Wales, Scotland, and the northern parts of England, efpecially Weftmoreland. Dr. Woodville favoured us with frefh wild fpecimens gathered laft fummeron Skiddaw. Its favourite ftation is in the black turfy marginsofrills on the north fides of mountains, near their fummits, where it flowers in June or July. The roots are perennial, long and fibrous, crowned with flat ftellated tufts of obovate leaves, which are hairy above, paler and fmooth, fometimes purple, beneath, pointed and grols- menis completely fuperior; but there are others again where it is partly, if not altogether, below the flower; io that this circumftance ofthe fituation of the germen, fo important in moft orders of plants, is in this eenus of no confequence, Ohi eS) a~~ a) clothed with feattered divaricating hairs, and fubdivided at the top into a fort of corymbus offrom 3 to 7 or 9 flowers, each on a partial foot-ftalk, at whofe bafe is a bractea, either palmated or entire, Calyx reflexed, Petals fpreading, ovate, white, with 2 yellow foots near the bafe, Stamina all nearly equal. green, with a purple Antherze and germen purple. Capfule others the gerfome and fpecies Inthis bafe, ring near the $ Stalks from twoto fix inches high, ereét, round, ewa ieee ly ferrated. _ eae ener PE 0 iF ae NinesiMesh actsMikietinMiteshtetacneVag L x io ~ P y ? <a, Reaeoi iheteCtetSiteanSCRcstielie Zot3 9DIES0 DAES93.92) OOOSoeSocataetaiatlenteletcaanMeacneee , a ea Pe CS Se a RE aRLOS Wit 1] } ———— ieOhta eS Y ‘ [ 168 POTAMOGETONperfoliatum, £ Perfohate Pond-weed. TETRANDRIATetragynia. Gen. Cuar. Cal. none. Petals 4. Style none. Seeds 4. Spec. Cyan. Leaves heart-fhaped, embracing the ftem. Syn. Potamogeton perfoliatum. Linn. Sp. Pl. 182. Hudf. Fl. An. 74. With, Bot. Arr. 172. Relb. Cant. 70. Rai Syn. 149. \ ERY commonin ponds and rivers in every part of Eng- land; noris it, as far as we have obferved, at all peculiar to my Deae o* rn Oree aes DEG a clay foil, as Linnzeus feems to hint. Everypart of the plant, except the flower-ftalks, is complete- ly immerfed in the water, fo that it is only to be difcovered by the fpikes of flowers about July and Auguft ftanding a little above the furface, and abounding in whitifh pollen, It fhould feem the refpiration of fuch truly aquatic vegetables mutt beas different fromthe refpiration of thofe whichinhale atmofpheric air, as the breathingoffifhes is from that of beafts and birds. Accordingly we find their leaves of an extremely different texture, pellucidlike oiled paper (as Haller remarks), very vafcular, harfh and ribbed, but often extremelybrittle. The furface of fuch plants, like that of aquatic animals, is deflitute of hair or down of any kind. The ftalks of this Pond-weed are very long, round, with leaves crowded about the top and branches. Thefe leaves might rather be called ovate than heart-fhaped, at leaft in the moft common appearance of the plant. The petals are ofa dull purple, and fo fituated that the air eafily paffes between them to waft the pollen to the fligma. The feeds are comprefled, and fhining. ll Es-<tlntF er ne ee 3 a: ars <6, ©ie%a,_ O94", Dh assee oe lBildts te te he e e Bea oy = 55,95 ex BePatetakReo 4350W rv Ff n et OR Seteeaot ieOtaeeOe Ete >iePecan *s, OMBeeaiaPheaiPeteteeSateClareai iecgOlentaDee Aleope acaae=Caeeeseieae ci lie te peeOkeokeke esOetC ee T K aieinaamban deere a r We [ 169 ] eT LATHYRUS paluftris, Marfh Everlafing-Pea. DIADELPHIA Decandria. Gen. Cuar. Sve flattened, downy above, broader upwards. Two upper fegments of the calyx fhorteft. Spec. CHar. Several flowers on a ftalk. Several leaflets on each tendril. Stipule lanceolate. Syn. Lathyrus palutftris. Fl. An. 317. Linn, Sp. Pl. 1034. With. Bot. Arr.773. Hudf Reb. Cant. 2735 L. vicieformis, feu Vicia Lathyroides noftras, Raii Syn. 320. Tins Occurs in moift woods and paftures in feveral parts of England, but not commonly. Our fpecimen was fent from urgh, near Yarmouth, by Dawfon Turner, Efq. We have Comparedit, as well as fome of Mr. Humphrey’s original {pecimens gathered at Ranaugh (/ee Hudf.) with thofe of Linnzus, and find themto agree exactly, except in the number of flowers, the Swedith ones having, as Profeffor Retzius defcribes them,no More than three on eachfootftalk. Yet the veryindifferent igure in Flo. Dan. {t. 399.) reprefents as manyas thirteen, and thofe rather red than blue; fo that one would think it could hardly be the fame {pecies, yet we knowof no other like it. “athyrus paluftris grows 3 or 4 feet high if fupported by uthes; the {tem but. little branched, confiderably winged. eaflets 4 or 6, oppofite, or rarely alternate, lanceolate, acute, glaucous beneath. Tendrils 2 or, 3-cleft. Stipulz lanceolate, ut varying in breadth, their lower lobe a little faleated. Flow€rs of a vivid purplifh blue of great beauty, in erect bunches. ods longith and {mooth, as is every part of the herbage. It thrives in a garden in goodfoil, even if not wet, and 18 very 7vamental, flowering in the middle of fummer, andcontinuing + Yme time. C rn e J he roots are perennial. o> Be as S DEey aes ape Se = % = Riehk «Rene 28h a nh eenETIDSSTOODt eee |Bieteenaa aki SYaiceeiDCetyMieeadi Di te>CteeC 85,DEG0,DKS0,DISDRS595" ss VS The Se (eels aA SEDU™M (aC SPE ti wat PAWa cisions sy? | rupeftre, Rock Stonecrop. DECANDRIA Gen. Cuar. PentagyniQe Cal. g-cleft. Petals 5, with five neAtari- ferous {cales at the bafe Jules 5. of the germen. Caf - Spec. CHar. Leaves thick, fubulate, cluftered together in a five-fold order, and loofe at the bafe. Flowers in a cyme. rupeftre. Linn. Sp. Pl. 618. Hudy. 195. With. Bot. Arr. 466. S. minus a rupe S. Vincentii. Raii Syn, 270. OricinaLLy obferved on St. Vincent’s rocks, near Briftol hot-wells, and afterwards on Chedderrocks by Dillenius, and ona hill in Wales. Mr. Robfon foundit on walls about Darlington, from whence he fent us this wild {pecimen, flowering in July 1792. The roots are perennial, branched, and throwout many long decumbent ftems, which are round, red and naked in their lower part, taking root in manyplaces; above theyare alternately branched, terminating in thick club-fhaped tufts of leaves, clofely upright, a imbricated. Che flowering ftems are more foot high, clothed with more fcattered leaves, and terminated by a large handfome cyme of yellow flowers. The calyx is very glaucous, often tipped with red. Flowers often in 6 or 7 parts inftead of 5. Allithe. eaves are glaucous, thick and fucculent, fubulate, unconnected with the ftem at their bafe, which is like a little blunt fpur; they are more comprefled, and much more clofely imbri- cated than in S. reflexum, neither are they ever recurved as in that fpecies. . = = . ® 2 nas Dilleniusfirft well afcertai. ned this plant in his THortus menifis, where hehas given a goodfigure of it, tab. 256, f. 3: _ i tlora Danica, ¢ab. ¢9, is a very diiferent plant, the Sedum laxatile of Wiggers, Flo. Hol/at. 35. GS — ROaeUa neptune euttincs Pein CteineCte Oe, On eattale teheenhie Oo litSe SHGChita ie ' Neete wi eeiiaeenee ae OO Yana R O T O FO Ok $00DHEPaaS0,DNS0DHT HgDials9DEG0IGSOK CpatieConetherieeeOle eels 4 [ 371 SEDU ™Manglicum, Englifh Stone-crop. DECANDRIA Pentagynia, Gen. Cuar. Cal. g-cleft. Petals 5, with 5 netarife- = Ceatae « Kaftan rous oe {cales 2 at the= bafe of% the2 germ en. | Spec. Car. } be Cap/ules 5, Leaves thick, ovate, gibbous and loofe at the bafe, alternate, Cyme of two branches. Syn. Sedum anglicum. Hud/. Fl. An. 196. With, Bot. Arr. 468. S. rubens. Lightf. F/. Sc. 226 “55° S. minimumnonacre, flore albo. Raji SYN. 270. F.eefaas Se) a1) ss Communicated by Dawfon Turner, Efq. from the fandy downs near Yarmouth, whereit is very abundant, as well as on the mountains of the north. Dr. Smith gathered it in Weftmoreland, and on the rock of Dumbarton-caftle in Scotland. The root is generally fuppofed to be annual, throwing out many ftems, branched and decumbent at their bafe, then upright and more fimple, round, reddifh, clothed with alternate rather thick-fet leaves, and terminated by {mall bifid or trifid cymes of flowers. The leaves are very thick and fucculent, oval, glau~ cous, with a blunt protuberance at their bafe, below their ate tachment to the ftem. The flowers are at firft thickly cluftered together; but as the cyme expands, they appear more reMote, one always ftanding at the firft divarication of the cyme. Thecalyx refembles the leaves, and isobtufe. The petals have a reddith rib, and are often {potted with the fame colour at their tip. ‘The capfules are membranous and fmooth, This {pecies has coft us no fmall trouble to determine accu- rately. Of the plants which approach it, Sedum annuum of inneus has a yellow flower, and muchfhorter and broader leaves. S, atratum has leaves like S. annuum, andvery blunt purple capfule: » with red and whitepetals. Craffula rubens has a tharper calyx than ourplant, and rough, {preading, {trong (not membranous) capfules. Mr. Hudfon and Mr. Lightfoot Were therefore right in making this a {pecies diftinét from all thofe of Linnzus, : scaaiabaechadliarrrsakclbien’ sisMantcaakWor ed st ee ae id oa 1 ‘ aM Ee Cteaia erie BMStSadaeCasteccaoo cinechaaineteCleee e oe ae Pa ay - eiietintdeanabaet c C ia Cm,oeaeOTOO PER RileOiaihteerRa i Be cnalihieepanniamattaiemanaetin otvale<P daar ta oyna s i tte a So ey vy“aoOe Dra ONies pat) Pr, c 1) A oy) ¥ ¢ esoy ee aBiBetecteeie 77, a; Co0: re Soba oF DeialataeetePieaeeestteSoelireeaicdliaaecaeNias oe ae SilentesckieRiaa sf cee BR eS AY TOT Ta MOL CAMO MOYaCePA 7 oad ’ COMARUMpaluftre. Marfb Cinguefuil. ILCOSANDRIA Polygynia Gen. CHAR. Ca/.in 1ofegments. Petals 5, lefs than the calyx. Receptacle of the feeds ovate, fpongy, ee permanent. Spec. CHAR. ...6... Syn, Comarum paluftre. Linn. Sp. Pl. 718. Hudf. Fl, An. 227. With. Bot. Arr. 540. Relb. Cant. 200. Pentaphylloides paluftre rubrum. Rait Syn, 256. D Li = = we ” —} — La) -* Sal I Nor unfrequent in muddybogsandditches, efpecially int the north, and in Norfolk, flowering in June and July. It is among our more handfomenative plants, and may be intro~ duced with advantage among American fhrubs, in a border of bog earth, ‘The roots ate perennial, long and creeping, and, like the ftem, round, and of a reddifh brown. The leaves are generally, but not always fmooth : leaflets moftlyfive, rarely feven, in the top leaf three, more or lefs obtufe, ftrongly ferrated, glaucous beneath, with a pair of ftipulee (moftly entire) running up the common leaf-ftalk. Flowers on partial footftalks, produced in an irregular, fomewhat dichotomous manner. Their colourand ftru€ture our figure expreffes- The calyx leaves are lobed or entire. Every part of the flower is fermanent, enfolding the fruit, which confifts of numerous oval comprefied feeds, covering a conical {pongy receptacle, which does not fall off when thefeeds are ripe ‘Inthis laft circumftance only the genus differs from Fragaria. Haller thought the difference 00 flight, and therefore joins thefe two genera, along with Potentilla, intoone. But Linnus well obferves, in Flora Lap- ponica (/ec. 209 ), that the genera ofthis natural order are all very nearly allied (the order being /o natural), and that we mult either keep them as he has defined them, or unite the above with Rubus, Rofa, Geum, Dryas, &c. into one, which would € very paradoxical. ees —E . Par TY Wa Neat he steko Birnidiid nancial a iieecaiikeMieaitiah teak ha Ce Oe i # i ' rONTe nV eG Niel]me Ke = = nt ya a se TOTYAYLF ih) = . nal Se voi ehiieaiinaai —— eine EE - SN tearORRINike eee ay , P, So 9 he e d oA pte ig Se a YoeaterAdae s) was Soe) eos:BiSine arine SSa C 55, SAG 0,DEG8s,DS oa Dae 85 nel aeaRarearieltckimteetyteeceeesORlee 4 Nese, Ore OeBOLSORE | [ i73 J LICHEN sangiferinus, Rein-deer Lichen, CRY PTOGAMIA Alga. Gen. CHar. Male, fcattered warts. Female, fmooth fhields or tubercles, in which thé feeds are imbedded. Spec. CHar. Shrubby, tubular, very much branched, and hoary; the little branches divaricated and nodding. Syn. Lichen rangiferinus. Fl. An. 557. Linn, Sp. Pl. 1620. Hudy, With. Bot. Arr. V. 3.216. Relb, Cant. 438. Lichenoides tubulofum ramofiffimum, fruticuli {pecie, candicans. Rati Syn. 66. Coralloides montanum fruticuli fpecie ubique candicans, Dil/. Mu/c. 107. t.16.f. 29.—& C. frutic. {pecie candicans, corniculis rufefcentibus, ibid, 110. 4.16. f. 30. WET Tus mofs, the chief clothing of the northern alpine tracts of Lapland, is found every where onour heaths, but in a lefs luxuriant {tate than farther north. ‘The numerous herds of rein-deer, in which confifts the only riches of the fimple fequeftered Laplander, are entirely dependent on it for their winter foods It there grows at leaft a foot high, covering the ground like fnow. ‘With us it feldomattains the height of 6 inches, andis generally muchlefs. Thefpecies is eafily known by its branchedand tufted figure, Its furface is hoary, or rough with minute warts. It is tubular within, and the ftem thin andbrittle when very dry or very wet. Dillenius juftly fays, it is not perforated at the divarications. agen (quoted by Mr. Relhan) mentions the contrary. The variety @ of Hudfon, called /y/vaticus (fig. 30 of Dillenius), is a trifling one, having reddifh or brownifh tips, which colour fometimes occurs in other parts of the plant. The fructificas Hon isnot common. It confifts of brown tubercles. i I ae a eI ceinieabanaeniencathaniahsdientanimaimenmneiaaneniiadaia ck ‘ > Z OMteaaie PdSarl etCetySheiPatA ieiee ire Se : > er ee oJ EF uy Bo >iH g >C C A TSae . le ee eeeOeee tee i eeekOh | 174 ] LICHEN uncialis, Short perforated Lichen “Ss ne Et EE ee [ CRYPTOGAMIA Ake. t) NT ho dl LSM, Uses % )) Gen. Cuar. Male, fcattered warts. Female, {mooth fhields or tubercles, in which the feeds are imbedded. Spec. Cuar. Shrubby, tubular, perforated ; the little branches very fhort and pointed. Syn. Lichen uncialis. Linn. Sp. Pl. 1621. Haudy. fl. An. 555. With. Bot. Arr. V. 3, 218. Relb, Cant. 439. Lichenoides tubulofum, cauliculis mollioribus & craffioribus, majus & minus. Raii Syn. 67. Coralloides perforatum majus, molle & craffum. Dill. Mufe. 98. t. 16. f. 21—& minus, molle & tenue. Ibid. 99, f. 22. Licuen uncialis is found on heaths nearly as commo n as rangiferinus, from which it differs in being much lefs branche d, and not tufted; the branches are fhorter and awl-fhaped, the terminal ones brown, and forming a fort of radiated crown, of fometimes 6 or 8 points. The perforationsat the divarications of the ftem are very wide, and feldom wanting ; whereas in rangiferinus they are fearcely (ifat all) to be found. The frutifications are very minute tubercles at the tips ofthe little brown terminal branches. This plant varies in height from 1 to 2 inches, as well as in thicknefs ; hence the different fpecies and varieties of authors, Sometimes it has a fewfcaly leaves on the ftem, and is much branched, fee Mr. Hudfon’s variety perhaps the laft may bea difting {pecies. Nsegin A Ce i eedadesaekiOYeeoeaeheteed, eeee ry h 1} : hi ” aie” ScSecenRRenTe Wi * by # _ pS ey F C ¢ TT eMesl m3 5 sil ie ee Bie PYZenBe Ooite a eoClieclMieedaRieRie eeeal ne Me.Sitesliadte a Hl [ 175 PLAN TAGO maritima, Sea Plantain. TETRANDRIA Monogynia. Gen. Cuar. Cal. 4-cleft. Cor. 4-cleft ; its Jimbre- flexed. Stamina very long, Cap/. with two cells, burfting all round. Spec. Cuar. Leaves linear, moftly entire, channelled, woollyat the bafe. Spike cylindrical. Stalk round, Syn. Plantago maritima, Linn. Sp. Pl. 165. Fl. An. 64. With. Bot. Arr. 144. Suppl. 2. g. Hudy. Relb. Cant. P, marina. Rai Syn, 315. No plant varies morein fize than this. Its leaves are fometimes fearcely an inch, at other times more than a foot in length. The heightof the ftalk is more conftant, but the number offlowers in the fpike varies beyond computation. Ours is It loves a muddy foil, 2 moderately luxuriant {pecimen, and flowers late in the fummer. The root is perennial. It is as various in its place of growth as in fize, being found on thehigheft of our mountains as well as on thefhore, like Statice armeria. Henceit has been taken for P. alpina, which laft is a verydifferent plant, with fhort oval fpikes, and lanceolateflat leay A - anc d has never (we believe) been foundin Britain. Still lefs refemblance has our Plantago, though it has fometimes dentated leaves, to P. Loeflingii, that having flat leaves, and very fhort roundith pale fpikes of flowers, much like thofe of P. Pfyllium, and having certainly never been met within our ifland., P, maritima may be known by its very flefhy and fmooth leaves, channelled above and concave below, with atuft of wool at their bafe, which indeed occurs in other fpecies, ft, ] l . . . ipike, however fhort, is always cylindrical, The icMnasiheackMinastiteskHineoskDorcasata”eee ee geEt 8 ee re ra as:MietenderTetiale ee Coae ry eteCie tee Bie eriincialMieaaMneatin ieline a 176 LYSIMACHIAthyrfiflora. Tufted Loofeftrife. PENTANDRIA Monogynia. Gen. Cuan. Cor. wheel-fhaped. Cap/ule globofe, pointed, with 10 valves. Spec. Cuan. Flowers in lateral pedunculatedclufters, Syn. Lyfimachia thyrfiflora. Linn. Sp. Pl. 209. Hud). Fl. An. 86. With. Bot. Arr. 209. L. lutea, flore globofo. Raz Syn. 283. Desparrinc of procuring recent wild fpecimens of this very rare plant, we cannot refrain from exhibiting a figure of a cultivated one, which has been compared withwild ones, and foundin no refpeét to differ. It grows in boggyplaces, about running ftreams, and was foundin Ray’stime in the Eaft Riding of Yorkfhire, as well as about King’s Langley in Hertfordfhire. Dr. Smith faw, in the year 1781, {pecimens gathered by Dr. White in a bog near Severus’s hills at York; but the plant was then loft, from the place having been drained, fo that we really do not knowa certain ftation of this Lyfimachia at prefent. It has a long root with whorls of fibres like many aquatic ] plants. f The ftem to or 20 inches high, erect, round, per- ] fimple, flightly woolly, covered with oppofite, lanceolate, entire leaves, which are pale beneath, and fomewhat revolute, s€CUI The bunches of flowers ftand oppofite, one from the bofom of each leaf about the middle of the ftem, ere, pubefcent, each of about ten flowers, on partial footftalks, accompanied byfoli- tary lanceolate bracte. The corolla is very deeply cloven into lanceolate feoments, with a fmall tooth between every two of them. The ftamina are capillary, longer than the corolla, and oppofite to its fegments. Style fimple. Thecalyx, germen, and tips of the corolla are prettily fpotted with red. It flowers about midfummer, and may be eafily known from all other iy ecetable z naseslaid PatePineKi Senn PTsDea,enieaecaemete eetoe ee AChecai accaMiesecae oa ee Peeale J ee erate Neaesee sieeeclNeYeaeiMeiRcFiiec NX ey } Wy) SYNGENES yj ‘ JEN. aN } {I “ Cuar. ’ Cal, wd wilh 1pint = \ iE Leaves feffil ; / Tidal ligh half embr: oullentated, aad “7 ciliatec fl Wik by iy CPCa. Wy i, jy ef S ws | oda Oval 7 Spec. Cuar. Pe A are LIN aA=<6 GUualiSe Receptacle hairy. 1 4 ) mae imbricated a {cales. « 4. + QUUs j 4 itar } > 1, j2 0. L LLU{LT. wy OL * ° 6 et]os] q | : / y WH | Wy j Mis’ Fx OE AS je de oA v KA\Y ‘ Y L A . " t Herbarium, and Neither dare we OG of potitively fay with Dr. Stokes, that this is C. heterophyllus Lightioot, though we fuppofe 1 xe fo. Our {pecime was gathered near Bromley in Kent, flowering in June. l€ root is perennial, creeping, with long fibres. Ste erect, I or 2 feet hich, moftly fimple, and terminated with one l more) Je b vis : . os 2 Ae LC] ie jual {mall {pines, F neral tand 4h = ate CAVE examin . $ of his - . VS 11 1p from books, without havingit in > ; L YY é , \ ej which therefore we cannot certainly afcertain. —, ' Li / 1K . i 1has never been well] underftood. VeenIt appears notieto be ngland, ribed by Linnzus, nor is it in his Herbarium. The only far Phe thar ean potibly wecethecclent leneshe Apecles OF NS tNat 1t can poflibly be 1s the -diilectus, a plant he y Wp } f | \ Ps N Boe Pee 5 ner os t i id pone Scale 2 iif ] {h botanults, a t il ottony wer. ’ i } at and gree ar | “y (not at a very white) e calyx not very A d : > ipecimens in the 1e¢ Opny a = eh ei A eC ieeht : etttbei taseecial a ve $0,DiffaDHE648LS eePicheoD 6,ie le niotiie i oa] = a EE nn a ’ 90 100109 auren us CB ll) : 5 Yh SC nC RB Dil WE 6 ILS DIL ngGihaI 7 i UME i \ ded x 4 ‘OUNDhitherto only on the wal John’s College, Cambrid re, where it wi late Profeffor Martyn, and from whence ith We do not fpecimens. pretend to an{fwer for the oeneric (3 this plant, which but ill accords with that of Arabis, t enus it feems to have been referred chiefly from its taste . iy ea miands are ac 2, withit 1 the fhorter ftamina, hout the longer, “‘ as in Brat 1 ica’ (Martyn). Much has Bf lands to en about the infuff ud e genera of this order; pee e aes upon Bie tle eal ny fixed principles which to rei( are obligec 1 to take things as Linnzeus has left them. Ball [> ; : > : ] gs ot is woody, and biennial, according to Mr. Relhan. e, upright. Leaves pale ¢ te, lengthened out at it m ore than half G5 a leafy n divaricated and peneir edge is thicker than in A. pé ndula, which Haller ume fpecies. We do not find the calyx at all he flowers appear in May. eaes OMa, ieeeeoaieieieiecee Ogccieaie 7 eR OY oa ee DS Pe ae ¥ | Mets ee) “ . Mn,DillyDYE 6, YASS, 3B : ay Faeoeettiecoeeeeeinlinehesea ATA ren 435 ; in proportion to han in any cultivated variety, except the codline. he tree 1s of a moderate fi De ein 1 ows che hen without leaves, Lbyits I ten 1] : rly its fhort, knobby, and ru * 1 ~ 1a Padi one the leaves and flowers are: produc ed. noi} Maun, Or oval ot ; : MT 1€y io complete i pe auiappee Aitant DES —— ——EE an ra _ wereae ee — eS a0) acs 2 o fp a eytea eeie O ee Byea5. *s Ss Olibe PiteONE eeeteOa SRG Dy 2 **eDHEte *s,:sdon hes tel 00,GM. BELe os ly ae BLY NO Wi “ | ORtaeenieeeaOeOevel QBDEG0,WG"8DIAGM9 | | | | , | YUM. rigidum. Rigid Bryun. CRYPTOGAMIA Mujfi. Gen. Cuar. Capfule with alid. Veil fmooth. Flowerfialk from a terminal tubercle, cylindriCapfules J c any. Stem fearcely J J Spec. Cuar. Veil cal, ere&t, bordered with twifted cilia. | RTT TT) ren 4350) Leaves fpreadi longer than the cz fule. Pe eo] aie, ceo! Syn. Cat late ote involute, rigid. With. Bryum rigidum. Hudf. Fl. An. 477. i7 105. Bot. Arr. 4 tl ( lan- Smith's Tour on the Continent, an 4 VOL. 1 ieee tenuifolicee Gerardi folio. PB 4 or 7 : A oye 12 : .Di//. . fince the found this mofs, we believe, firft FR. Smith, ; } 1 1 1 ~T : . : , 1¢ of Dillenius, in November 1780, on a clay bank on the ce BL 1f] Cul B ~ aatlaa 1t-hand fide of the Yarmouth road, two miles « . } Res : from Norwich, where he alfo laft ; ] eathered the prefe Forfter has obferved d . downs. ie Me Pie » is very like the common Bryum murale; f that have a ftrone mid-rib, which this wants, -y everinvolute. no! and thin at the marein, leaves are curved inwards. The ints of rer than B. murale. youngcapfule, but foon the bafe. The fringe of 1 . = > eth, i 2 24 aan . . whic: nera I ither too ‘to retain for the ee 41 j Linnzus, thougt ions ehable us to judge more correc fect, till repeated yon fo abftrufe ee Dies*s,. Chee oonhe inhiihiiliaerhaadliatskMites eSaee eel as ars Ors TT en eee p> ee Oe ag = Otaid>. ee ry a a a) ee “ty reTe 2ete oeta :“ a he Se Sd a) ie ee Daily ee ioe VIG 95, IIMS 0, ?i Dt a,ne") id eaketd d ®, 7 4350W ih (tPime ren oF Os:ieiedSeehot Ae larine| pe Ye2ie MlaM eS acbiabamain nn-deunhéaladneaeeanimemenae e 1 vuica Neh wae e Poh. awe G OMmmon } Zfle€r § L PENTAND RIA QaselaAte B Uglo/s. O . Monogynia. Gen. Car. Cor. irregular, its orifice open and naked, Spec. Cuan. Stem brifily and tuberculated, Stemleaves lanceolate, and rough with ftiff hairs. Flowers in lateral fpikes, Syn. Echium vulgare. Linn. Sp. Pl. 200. Hudyf. FI, An. 83. With. Bot. Arr. 200. Relb. Cant. 8o. Rai& A BEAUTIFULand ma nificent, though very vulgar weed, whofe frequency in every -way andfield, efpecially light foil, makes us defpife it as an unprofitable yet we have feen inhabitants of tropical countries, on their arrival in Europe, fo charmed with the viper’s buglofs, as to call it! worthy to “ decorate the gardens of the gods.”” The dryfields of Cambrideefhire and Norfolk are perfectl y blue with thefe flowers in June and July, noris anypart of England without more orlefs of them. The root is biennial. Stem ftrone, ereét, round, moftly fprinkled with red tubercles bearingfome ofthe very fff briftles which clothe every part of the herb, and which onthe upper fide of the leaves arife from white callofities. The radical leaves are numerous, fpreading in the form of a ftar. Spikes folitary from each axilla ofthe {tem-leaves, pendulous, but growing ereét as the flowers open. Buds red. Corolla nearly regular, purple, then bright blue, downyon the outfide about theribs. Staminavarying in length, but always fomewhat longer than the corolla. The juices of the herb are very mucilacinous. } We can fearcely define the difference between this and E. italicum (for in this cafe the Linnzean characters unfortu nately teach nothing), except that the ftalk of the latter feems hot to be tuberculated, andthe flowers are not halffo largeas In E, vulgare, Re —_ a) =/ ————————— Ee e e o i nee ———— ReereTeTeT PigPid5CeCRttcoClieLeML aOE ais 3 Oe eee *».%> a) ikTieAitsRae SE = seMittcl TSiece EahdFete ae tecoClineceDiecrahcerMalceialh ‘ | 5Aan ASee Ld Chia theePi > Broad-leaved Pefpfer-wort. D i TETRADYNAMIA Gen. Cuar. Pouch notched, Siliculofa. with many feeds valves keeled, but not margined : partition contrary to the valves. Spec. Cuar. Leaves eolate, undivided, ferrated. TTF) -auren 43 Syn. Lepidium latifolium. wei Fl. An. 279. Linn. Sp. Pl. 899. With. Bot. Arr. 671. Hudy-. Rait Syn. 304. Garnerep wild at Heybridge, near Maldon in Effex, by Mr. Edward Forfter, jun. in the place mentioned by Ray It has been found in other parts of Effex, always in wet fhady fituations; and the late Mr. Humphrey difcovered it below Sheringham cliffs in Norfolk. Otherwife it is by no means common. Root perennial, long, branching, and fpreading veryfar. Stems ereét, alternately branched, leafy, round, fmooth, panicled at the top with numerous branches of fmall whitifh flowers inlittle corymbi, appearing in July. Theleaves are alternate, acute, of a broad lanceolate figure, lengthenedout at the bafe and the tip, ferrated in the middle, glaucous, efpecially beneath. Their tafte is biting and difagreeable. An infufion siaid by Dr. Withering to be emetic, = Se _____ ————— — — sechishellanilicil ich. 1 MatesPacts techietestatiesceeereeOe — ie SRODRO REN REDREREOOE 6, DG ae repens. Creeping dwarf Willow. DIOQECIA Gen. Caar. Diandria Male, Ca/. the fcales of a catkin. Cor. none. Nedary, a gland at the bafe of the ftamina. Female, Cal. like the male. Cor. none. Style cloven. Cap/. of one cell, with two valves. Seeds downy. Spec. Car. Leaves entire, lanceolate, fomewha downy on both fides. Stem decumbent ind creeping. Style fimple; ftigma in 4 nearly equal { egments. Capfules fmooth. Syn. Salix repens. Linn. Sp. Pl. 1447. Hudf. Fl. An. 428. TTT auren 435 With. Bot. Arr. 1105. Relb. Cant. 466. S. pumila anguftifolia, inferné lanuginofa, and S. il { prona parte cinerea. Raiz alpina pune: rotundifolia ny sds rea. Ibid. 448. GZ EUVERYmoitt fandy heath abounds with this willow, which flowersiin May, and ripens its fruit in June and July, when, as im moft ofthis genus, theleaves arrive at their full {fize. The varieties of S. repens are numerous, differing in the breadth of their leaves, and in the greener or browner colourof the whole plant; hence Hudfon andothers have thought they haddifcovered S, fufea and S. rofmarinifolia among them ; whereas the formeris S. arenaria of our Britifh writers (not of Linneus), and the latter we have neverfeen ofBritith orowth. Profeflor Gouan of ee miftook a widely different and non- defcript {pecies for S. repens 7 Linnzus. Thereal one here ficured hasa very {trong woodyroot, dark, brownor black, throwiing out many proftrate or widely fpreading ftems, of which the {flowering branches are generae erect. Theleaves are lanceolate or elliptical, filky when young, and oe quite {mooth beneath when old; without ftipule. Catkins not long; feales obtufe, hairy. Germenoval, filky, with a fhort undivided {ftyle, and a yellow fpreading ftigma, cloven almoft equally into 4 lobes. Ripe capfule, fanoth, lanceolate. The{ftyle and ftigma muft be particularly noticed in diferiminating fome of thefe {mall willows; indeed we fland in needof eve ry help in ‘ difficult a tribe. etanihikiikiaiiliibetcadWieaktak SALIX RLeaoeie ee Pete:aed a 20 Sa J=R ae Pe 2ClieeeNieMieeeeee SWOne esPiePheitee ie oe as Ss r BY . hist ee eee en SEeRou mcr ae Pete Ser DlaDMG00. VG40.KGSore0 OleoteePeeaeee eeeSeae OROBANCHE ramofa. 2 Branched Broom -7 af aft DIDYNAMIA Gen. Cuar. Cal. 2-lipped. es Cor. ringent. Cap/. of one cell, with two valves, and many feeds. A gland at the bafe of the germen beneath. Spec. Cuar. Stem generally branched. Corolla with five fegments. Syn. Orobanche ramofa. mn. Sp. Pl. 882. Hudf- Fl, An. 266. With. Bot. Arr. 658. Rau Syn.* 288. > Ma. WOODWARD, who has fo admirably illuftrated \ r this hi plant in the £ Bot. Arr. and whois one ofthe few people who have foundit bnce Ray’s time, was foobliging as to fend us this recent wild fpecimen from afieldat Mettingham in Suffolk, in which ne ighbourh« »od it grows plentifully, attached to the roots of hemp ne a paraffitical manner, and flowers in Auguft, The root is annual, a folid bulb, throwingout flefhyfibres which are entwined with thofe of the pli unt on which it grows. Stem ereét, more or lefs obfcurely zigzag, and never quite fraight, clothed with a fewfcattered brownfcales, and almoft always branched, fometimes very capletyfo. Spikes a continuation of the {tem and branches, fet with numerousfeffile flowers, in an alternate order, with a brown concave braétea at the bafe of each. Calyx with 4 teeth, the 2 uppermoft very diftant; it can h ardly be called two-lipped. The 2 upperfegmentsofthe corolla are rather the fhortett. Weare by no means convinced that the Orobanche flore minore of Ray’s Synopfis is a variety of this, but are rather inclined to refer it to O. major, if it be not a non-defcript fpecies. Neither are we certain that Mr. Pitchford’s fpecimen from Northreps is the fame with either. A fketch made from it when recent agrees better with O. purpurea of Jacquin (not Linne us). mve tigation, The whole genus wants a thorough 7 . S, ey eo a:tie 4 ” DGCSHG O eoJE IE Soe ee ie Pe A rT ea CIETY) 7‘ E60 IEG Ce IK, 0, Seg DEG Pag DEG-> Me els te SEG= “MaDlleBw DKS eeDAES 5" 06 SHG*9 DI DK AEC 05 058PS9 DG eS KG Cee OM ss: Seo “eek 2 ReSeooCeeetieYoee 6OR 9eee Gen. Cuar. Female on a footfi with 4valves. ic. Cuan. Stem none. Frond ob! finuated, lippery. Syn. Jungermannia = 4350) Bi ruis. I..An. 517. Linn. Sp.Pl.1602. Hudf. With. Bot. Arr. v. 3.156. Relb. IID Cant. £1.20. BRE SS ren ti WEES CT hi is juxta foliorum 110. Dill. tp Y OUND in bogey, mar places, commonlyproducing its Tipe capfules in April; this forward feafon (1794), it has been fomewhat earlier. heat C; When very luxuriant, it grows ereét in } .¢ . tnick tufts, and does not flower; otherwife the fronds are hotizontal, attached to the moift earth by hair-like fibres, and of avery wet, flimy, {lippery fubftance, tender like boiled vegetables. From the incifions of the frondarife folitary tubular } 1 } . “pn ineatns, each produ minated by a } lack y an . 7 - upright fr fimple ° pellucid ftalk, ter- ove tule, called anthera by Linneus, whichburfts at thet p into 4 valves, andis full of black elaftic fibres, conneéted with numerous feeds. We beg leave to point out an inaccuracy in the character of this genus in the Bot. Arr. as taken from Linneus. Dott Ball 1 be@ Fruit-flalk b€aTiIng a NARE: and corolla. It fhould ver, that is, deftitute ofcalyx The Linnean word Anthera is indeed properly changed for Capfule ; but ; bv a ft rane overfight, the defcription of the va; } 7 Q : i aan . ro. ] of the real male floweris cantinucd as if it were the female. —_—_ REee OOP a anniinaEiedioe eee IaracisikMiencaalediiaaibaheliaccaiictiiesnukMier saakWetasktitaakeecelea POeetaRiiBnBe aE |D ‘ ‘ fy in 25 th Cee Re Os areas Oi eS ON eeOMePerOL Clk my) ’ iil JTNGERMANNIA §multifida. a Many-lobed Fungermannia. Gen. CuAr. Ale. Maleflowersfeffile. Female on a footftalk rifing froma fheath. Capfule with 4 valves. Spec. Cuan. Syn. Seedsattachedto elaftic filaments. Stem none. Frond bipinnatifid. eeNee te CRYPTOGAMIA | orateRnninarStemi eteCheehen ve Me Hh Hi \| | tO 7 Jungermannia multifida. Linn. Sp. Pl. 1602. Hudf. Fl. An. 517. With, Bot. Arr. v. 3. 158. Lichenaftrum Ambrofiedivifura, Raii Syn. 111. Dill. Mufe. gx. t. 74. fi. 43s rn 4 HIS was gathered on Epping Foreft, by Mr. E. Forfter. S {t loves a moift fhadyfituationlike J. pinguis, but is not near ‘ocommon. It flowers about the fametime. The fronds grow proftrate, and are cut into manyobtufeirregular ferments in a bipinnate order, their furface fomewhat flimy to the touch. 7 ee ar pase. From towards their bafe arife folitary flower-ftalks, clothed at the bottom with a white fheath, and Bens Nix. ¢ terminating in a dark brown capfule, which quicklyfcatters its feeds, retaining at thelaft a few fibres flicking to the extremity “Yeon. of its expanded withered valves, as in other fpecies. ° G ee enn epne tet Por eee reemeee oun | Hin ane : Nn Ae peotke heOnaesCheeees = — athe ashoeBi2 aCe .oreCeoeee bee e 3 iesackBreck Bie t MinaakBi ~~ l BCPe e t TC Oeeeee . nT ee Pa ae sD Oeae pera ry pd se | ea a “e a OEee cettetateoie healee: Pert ¥ a} . - mes ye, eh |aie ee Te le vee eee SAae we : Aa - omesteateen eeet et Ss:Bieeblid PYaa 7 numerous .caflets fmooth and round. os, Huds. Fl. Linn. Syft. Nat. ed. 10. 1062. 7 Q AT a, foliis Pimpinellz glabris, cyt : ; ] os Loe Lee BD F2 Ros LD all who have e tion, and which compofe § whole that we know, are by n ins eafily 1 botanift. Their beautiful forms, fo delicate! ; i fo nearly allied, that the line of fpecific difcrimination can {carcely | ye surately drawn. This fpecies, indeed, is one of the moft ¢ Our creat matter pimpinellifolia i hot even a va happenine to edition of § ; Natur. It occurswith usin th foil, flowering in July. rders he of fields on a gravelly « bufhes about gh, >the very numerous be know1 much brancl ed, and may needle-like prickles, abundant on the ung branches, but which often d : , | eafl about 9, round, fmooth, ferr: (Poterium Sancuiforba); common ftalk is fometimes — Petals creammore rarely fo. » flower-ftalk prickly, a1 coloured, ellow at the bafe, delicately fragrant, fometimes (but ep red, black when Fruit el rarely) {triped with red. quite ripe, {mooth, thou Ha lefcribes it as {pinous Fl Dan, t, 398. 1s this hi ieMasaka 2 oe ry ae re a iaaccciale sielianchheliianSaxe tid = E tlie Se ry er Ss ees EI a Sata La dauainhadinaditemamemaanamane eet eentgk Betonee tikactaBaoWeeOrmeneOt aaS f : lE =, = 7 Oy aa ESee eaL - ree ieee. open ; Me mi the Y e Pay , eS ooOLCy arvenlis. Ss Wi "hite Do, : -rofe. ICOSANDRIA Pobor ia. Neca DS eeot ee Gen. Cuar. Ca/. urn-fhaped, flefhy, contractedat the orifice, terminating in 5 fegments. Petals 5. Seeds feveral, briftly, fixed to the infide ofthe calyx. ¢ . Spec. Cuar. ° Fruit flower-ftalks. a | . . } globofe, fmooth Stem and as wel leaf-ftalks Flowers ogenerally/ cluftered. cd Hudf Fl. An. ed. 1. 192. ed. 2 Linn. Mant. 2. 245. Ph LeL/). Cant. 193. With. Bot. Arr. reftris altera minor, flore albo noftras. Raii » 455+ | F' REQUENTin ourhedges, and thickets in the borders of fields, where it flowers in June and July ; yet though here fo common, it feemsto be almof t peculiar to Britain. Perhaps it ae grow in other parts of Exurope 4 {] y | i f | but may not have been well difcriminated by botanical writergfae firure in Flora Dan. #. 398, quoted by Linnzus, is R. {pi fiffima; andit is wonderful Mr. Hudfon fhouldfollow ni m in fo erofs an error, though, having himfelf ape eases this {peci ess, he oughtto have known it well, weebee le ave on this occafion to hint a gener ul admonition ag nonyms without examining them. 2ofa arvenfis has round, glaucous, often mahogany --coloured ftems, of which ‘lat colour are commonly the “germens 1 flower-ftalks ; and the laft are covered with a glandular r¢ nefs. The prickles are hooked, but differ from thofe of R. canina in being fmaller. The leaflets are moftly 5, oval, pointed and fmooth. Flower-ftalks about 3 or 5 in ater‘minal clufter (rarely litany) not all exa€tly from one point, ac- companied by a few lanceolate bracteze, and each bearinga Sngle white flower, like the common do o- rofe, but neverred x bluth-colourec 1, and lefs fragrant. The wermen is oblong, butin ripening beconit s elobofe, and deep red, terminated by the fimple bafeof La fiyles, at that period elongated, as is well remarked by Dr. Stoke sin Bot, Arr, 522. ee aaa Rofa arvenfis. < eeEeEE PHSDG OK. “iy. Eore PESTLaSA in ee) eee OSeen ies eecc ieOdie cae aCe A ESATa Ssee, Cn ar eae pe RatsWihaKinteakBinetckisthi Se ge ee eee ens o eM packerace peploides, Sea Chic weed, DECANDRIA Gen. Cuan. Trigynia. Cal. five-leaved, fpreading; five, undivided. Petals Cap/. of one cell, with many feeds. Spec. Cuan. Syn. Leaves ovate, acute, flefhy. Arenaria peploides. Fl. An, 191. Linn. Sp. Pl. 605. Hudy. With. Bot. Arr. 458. < ae TY arin: Partilar Alfine marina, foliis Portulace. Pai; ; Raz Syn. 351. reET d) - = I ECULIAR tothe fandyfhores of the fea, but there found i } j m abundance. as Its 5juices partake ] : other of the alkaline natureoffF other jucculent maritime plants. | Pa Q.: : , * r throwand extendveryfar, creeping, are ftriney, roots The ac ad] . ing out hbres at every joint. a Stem alternately branched, form- ing thick leafy procumbent tufts, angular, fmooth andlucid, as is every part of the herb, Leaves feffile, ovate, entire, flightly recurved, of a beautiful bricht green. Flowers on fhort foot- talks, folitary at the divifionsof the ftem, fmall, white, and not very confpicuous. Calyx quite deftitute of ribs. 4 Towof yellowith glands roundits bafe. Germen with Styles very fhort. No other {pecies of Arenaria can be confoundedwith this. It A : : ‘ Howers about the middle of fummer, andis perennial Soten Fn i.ieadnBda ia ee *». m. ye af*8,,el, *44. 93-6,°%s | f FseeaaeTE a I Se RN aie il a FeDiaBatakMeeraean [= = eeie ,1LUM T 1D % ag ir medium. . ay 7 a 0 aM‘ Lin align DIADELPHIA Decandria. Gren.Cuar. F/owers moreorlefs capitate. Pods fcarcely longer than the calyx, never burfting, butfalling offentire. Spec. Cuar. Spikes lax. Petals nearly equal. Sti- pulz awl-fhaped and conniving together. Stems and branching. fzelius. Syn. Trifolium medium. Linn. Faun. Suec. ed. 2. p. 558. Hud. Fl. An. ed. 1.284. Afzelus. Tr. of Z12Za gzag Linn. Soc. v. T. flexuofum. Jacg. Aufir. v. 4. tab. 386. T. alpeftre. Hud/. Fl. An. ed. 2. 326. T. purpureum majus, foliis longioribus et anguf~ tioribus, floribus faturatioribus. Rai Syn. 328. rE A FTER the moft elaborate and accurate differtation of Mr. Afzelius above quoted, it would be vain to attempt any new obfervation upon this Trefoil, or the two other fpecies whichhe has illuftrated. This is foundin dry elevatedpaftures, preferring a chalkyfoil, or a gravelly one with a clay bottom, and differs from T. alpeftre (which is not a Britith plant) in hav- equal calyx: from both it is diftinguifhed byits remarkably zigzag ftem. Theroot is perennial, and the flowers appearin July. This {pecies is faid not to be eligible for cultivation, as it does not thrive in a goodloofe foil; but Prof. Martyn juftly remarks, (Flora Ruftica, No. 5.) that it maytherefore fucceed on ftub} 20 ™ hungry clay, like its native places of growth. aeee heads of flowers, longer and narrower ftipule, and more un- &, ing larger and morelax heads of flowers, broader and {fhorter leaves, a branched ftem, {tipulz approaching each other, and ribbed; from T. pratenfe, Common Clover, it differs in its lax mee *Peee. * | Fl. With, Bot. Arr. 795. Re hi ill oer ea a a Ta 7ae kienNeae . x Se Rae7) hhNcRiANan r tanisachsiaaihiiiarhhtitrcmakWie saishHiesackMataskWeatel “SansNES88, DRG as aint Tt 5 |fy )mn , e > 4 y FSu bah | S5 7 5 Se my" N rt? DNy Ftd DAA Agbey sens ctionorobs ee Ig! 2 YUM ealcareum. Chalk Bryum, CRYPTOGAMIA Mufi. Gen. Car. Capf. with a lid. Veil fmooth. Flowerflalk from a terminal tubercle. Spec. Car. Stem none. Capfules ereé, obconical, bordered with fixteen ciliz. Leaves erect, cylindrical, bluntith. Syy, Bryum calcareum. Dick/. Crypt. fafe. 2. 3.0. 4. f. 3. With. Bot. Arr. v. 3. 95. Relb. Cant, Suppl. 3. 9. ee —— uM I OUND in great plenty at Dartford, May 24, 1794, coverine the fides of the chalk-pit neareft the weft end of the town. Each plant grows from a minute cavity in the chalk, which it feems to occupy for fome time without flowering, during which early flate it makes the chalk look as if clothed with bright green velvet. The plants are folitary ; the roots {mall and fibrous, not creeping. Leaves 6 or8, ereét, broad and fheathing at the bafe, then narrow, cylindrical, obtufe, fmooth Stalk fearcely exceeding the leaves in length, up- and entire. Capfule erect, inyerlely conical, bordered right, round, green. Lid almoft as long with 16 lanceolate, equal, fpreadingteeth. as the capfule, with a curved beak. Veil oblique, reaching a8 about half way downthe capfule. Mr, Dickfon and Mr. Crowefirft afcertained this minute fpecies on chalky eround about Newmarket heath, and thefor1" 1 6, . a eer 6 0 it in his valuable work on the new Cryptogafhed LHe originality and folidity of obfervation, and- which proves how = P much a confummateinveftigator may detect even on the moft } "gu % ay r a Py beaten cround. a mS eMSCTE a 5 ae . hee r SRT ansoe PN ee OeRO for mous plants of Great Britain, a publicationof thefirft merit roe Cems i OS® fd eeetkMaasainaietstiesackDietaakBe’auxtechteerstoi er a ST ayOiet O ES eORT hhogRET s $0,956MS05 StePt colaeeCe eea Ce om eeeeee Che cheOe OhPees Mi ea tsht et id . : purpurea, Purple Byffus. CRYPTOGAMIA Alga. Gey. Caar. Whole plant cor ififting of down or fim- ple ey. Car. Fruéification unknown. Filaments ereé, fimple or branched, purplith yn. Byflus purpurea. Lightf. Fl. Scot. 1000. Bot. Arr. v. 3. 276. B. rubra, Hud/. Fl. An. 605. With. App. 663. VW E areobligedforthisele gant and curious produétionto the Rey. Mr. Hugh Davies, of Aber in North W ales, from whom the late Mr. Hudfon alfo received manyof his rareft plants. It is found on the micaceousrocksofAnglefea, forming broad uniform |patches of a dark reddith purple colour, and fcareely the breadth of a hair in thicknefs, fo very fhort are the minute, erect, thick-fet, and moftly branched, filaments of whichit is compofed. When much moittenedthefe filaments = EEE become clotted together in clufters, and in that moitt ftate it exhales a kind of fea-weed {{fcent, more like the Florentine Iris root than a in which refpeét it agrees with theB. Iolithus f Linnzeus; ut the latter is really a cruftaceous Liche n, and of a paler maleeur than this. How far Linnzeus may have confounded them, or whether ours m: ry be Micheli’s za/. 89. Wag. (it is ey not his tad, go. f. 2.) we dare notdetermi ne. Ours cannot be called “ gurea”’ (gold-coloured), neithe ris it at all cruftsaceous, but a true filamentous Byffus . We think with ar the powdery Byffi are moft probably Lichens . - Lightfoot found his B. purpurea on the bafe of Abbot esKinnon’s tomb in Y-Columb-kill, where a naturalitt of our ete hasfince fought foritin vain. Perhaps therefore os this fpecies maynot be perennial. We quote Mr. Hudfon on Hi48 Own authorityy» though his namerubra is not very appofite. YR Dee Sd eee } | a A LC aea eeNeee SE a ea Te in ysJ Pi “6 eC = s be f ome ova Zee aes Cite ©OST en | la ee er) « i [ | BeanPanexnetaakBiensacksaskBian a reelcll j t } } o LDS PlPD 7ong bt | Sunk DeiateeukteakeeOeONi DHS ly OHMS Og DHES Be es LiiChHheH. n. CHAR. F nadie, feeds are 11 Spec. Cuar. cavity in the ciduous. Syn. wens ee muti) EL (fia Lichen immerfus. Cant. Suppl. Lehi ER akan Smith's 1. lee Tour, v. i. rN } OUNDin Derbyfhire and other counties at all feafons om calcareous rocks; we have not obferved it on any other. The cruft is almoft as hard as the ftone on which it grows, (though very diftin€ from it) half a line, ornot fo much, in thicknefs, nearly entire in the margin, greenith internally, its furface white, fmooth, full of little hemifpherical cavities of various fizes and depths, the bottom ofeach of which is occupied by a black depreffed fmooth fhield, with an entire margin of a more intenfe black than thedifk. ime fall out, leaving the almoft everlafting eruft full of cavities, which (if the ec of the fpecimen be cautioufly pared away) may often be foundto extend even into 1 7 . 7 a . 7 Sane San ES aie res the very fubftanceof the fone. See Dr. Smith’s Tour above quoted. Micheli mentions, p. 97, feveral Lichens which bear ene ; 5 one os ry their fhields in cavities; his *No. 21 and 22 beftG agree with ours, but not havine feen his fpecimens wedare not pofitively quote him. We have not indeed feen Mr. Relhan’s nor Dr. | Cle} , . ibthorp’s L. immerfu~ s, butt there can fearcely be any doubt of Rnidince wat } . . Meirs being the fame with ours. Bis Pahaeae etRRRReTce lene ee te) . » CYreee Ta ee, ee oeeeoeaCreeeee = € Ne ONSaDEG%, CRYPTOG Male, feattered 1: L: th fhields or tubercles, :in which the; Spec. Cuan. Imbricate orange-coloured, Leaves crifped, obtufe, whitifh beneath. Shields deep orange, with a paler entire margin. Syx. Lichen aie tl Linn. Sp. Pl, 1610. With. Bot. ONS ren “Hud. Arr. v. 3. 186. Relb. Lichenoides crufta fi Syn. 72. c c nyse Crsatall? aa L. vulgare finuofum, foliis et feutellis luteis. T);7 Dyd/. t. 24. f. 76. ichen juniperinus. ud. In. 542. With, ymmon every where, and at all feafons, on walls, ‘tones, the fun, ‘t aks of trees, pofis, &c. deeper render it more lax, The moreit is expofed to colour. leafy Moifture and fhade ne a greenifh or pale olive hue. 50 it moft commonly appears on trees and bufhes. This we have marked ag a variety (2) and itis the L juniperinus ofour Britith writers , though by The underfide is white no meansthat of Linnzus. e centre, and adheres to bodies on which it «rows by whitefibres. vitions of the fron and fometimes powdery. The fhields numerous, either dee2p orange or brownifh. dye yellow. Thedi- -e more or lefs imbricated, often wrinkled their difk Lightfoot fays this Lichen will Helwineformerly afferted, that when moiftened it would ftain paper or linen of a beautiful and la fting flefhlour; a property which Dillenius could not difcover, and Hicnh we have looke repeatedly in vain. Fd <6 ? z € ae sprees, Pare RPaa ET be he So DODECANDRIA Gen. Cuar. Cor. f( the calyx. three-lobed. Spec. Cuar. Umbel moftly five-branched, branches cloven. Partial flower-leaves heart kidney-fhaped. Leaves imbricated, erect. hh 1° r: Euphorbia Paralias. Zi (10)a Ox the fandyfhores ofthe fea in various parts of England. Mr. Lightfoot does not mention it as a native of Scotland. The root is ftrone, woody, and Ppyerennial. Stems numerous, ereét about a foot hich, furnifhed near the bafe with feveral leafy branches, and terminated byalarge fpreading umbel of »volucra or flower-leaves, a kidneyto a heart-fhape, and which vary in their accompany fmall folitary Aowers, with orange- colouredcreicent} A thaped petals, mm : he herb Ct ; tte <pepny is rendered confpicuous byits very os glaucous colour, andits numerous imbricated leaves, concave above, and convex on their underfide, which laft is the only yy aa part vifible as they crow. . . } ae In plants fo circumftanced no doubt © thelight aéts on the under fide of their leaves, though in molt d 4 Mat part will not bear its influence. Phio fivan: Q wher 1n18 ipecies flowers :in Auguft and September. Maea} Ta eoaE Se) Syn. a a es: — 2 7 DiRn acaicaResiBie Minti ae lineaOE eeMe.) Bie Ma) aae a re 6 ee re 7 RENO Figs MeetcaihMaithncesacdBieack Marnaeetccctae TlWaa eeaan Oea Set Bs sinsohsiniomso itiefsseinters ze Down Gen. CHAR. moreor lef: Calyx Spec. Coar. eaves moftly undivided. lax. 1 ; 7 ag the caluy d with fcales upto> the calyx. Flower-ftall 1115. With. rT Cf 7 4 3 fiud]. Lt. An. 342. limiHieracium afperum majori flore in agrorum o tibus. Rai Syn. 167. er rc 4 HIS occurs abundantly about the borders offields ina gravelly or calcareous foil, floweringin July and Augutft. It is a plant of rude erowth and notvery attractive appearance. The much root, we believe, is perennial, or at leaft biennial; ttem branched, three feet high; the branches furrowed, purple on their upper fide and in their axille, as Linnzus molt truly obferves. : radical undivided, except that the Leaves oblong, feffile, hooked briftles. r dentated. 7a iberh is The>» herb tees Ve = i 1 1 : rough with > frequently oT are ones } Flowers bright y ellow, the sigs : ae Lc A} eu lateral ones rifine on eloneated branches above that whichter ) : the central ftem. minates . ae ye hack ‘ all rough on the back. Calyx-leaves Seed-down fligh tly feathe1CTY, i ry, feffile. Y 1 ne 1 = {GG Sc ( “eranoement (p. baie 8555 ’ CG Arrangement remark :in the Botanical Dr. Stokes’s 1S genius. 1S ahnial eenus, z an artiicial . 1s : \ ofc Hudfon that the Hedypnois note), kCQY perfectly juft. Its fpecies are no way naturally allied, and the } . ~7Y aime C rtal erm; 2 permanent no certain affords or ftipitate, feffile being down, chara&ter in this tribe. aacaeeT a aear orSneoEh Raat oo Pd es “Se F( Soe"P, 6) 2 aes Nsaa(lieSealMie Z eaePoeoka esa Fol Mieieee oF cs AJ ciate i a Ciea5Ctha es Ohne e sind 0s Ks", DNELS lauicaidec Gdaucoides. oO Small Caucalis or Baftard Parfley. PENTANDRIA_ Digynia. nearly oval, firiated, rough abortive. with rigid briftle Some flowers umbels three-cleft, without inrtial ones ripening abc iree feeds, furnifhed with a threeCaucalis daucoides. Hudf. FY. An. a Cant. 109. MeN }YI1) Hud/. C. leptophylla. ; . An, ed. 1. 99. Linn. Sp. ubrubentibus. Raz Syn. 219. C. albis floribus. 1021. zx OUND, though rarely, in cornfields where the foil is dry ndchalky, moft plentifully in Cambridgefhire, flowering in the f carly part of fummer. he root is annual and tapering. Stem branched anddivari, alittle hairy at the cated, fomewhat zigzag, deeply fe, then thrice comi t joints only. Leaves th , pointed, deivaricated : pounded, theirfe and terlateral Umbels ¢ pale a of fmooth, and current of fcarcely more than 3 rays, minal, on lone footft ed by by rt or 2 weak and though thofe are° fometimes accompanied : barren ones. Gr€1 involucrum none. of Partial umbels L about § almoft feffile flowers, of which 3 only perfect oe involucella. leeds, and are accompanied by 3 fmall lanceolate n and feeds P Is nearly equal, generally reddith. Germe but wi hiyairs, ae oked |briftles, intermixed1 with 10 oked clothed with r 3, verticilwe do not perceive thofe hairs to be, as Linnzeus larly confufed in his accounts of this lated. That ~ ture of what he meant at firft by C. n of ever certain, that the long defcriptio "Cy PJ. belongs to C. grandiflora, ly me ntioned in Sy/t. Veg.) to C. platicar- it at any time intend bythelatter. Rieseicechiahelllncai Wiechhie’tikMittek } =e ind . r — = —< \EG MAG a ae “ ae eee a — ae PeSee Sei et ae -— ee. —— a ; i = fat thn ttn — ow = i = = = - A ateee an — aS . icegiatiataliceey =ietr tC nO nee CnCanrnaeeee ra RW—==—EE SPE = eel [Cae RY Ota tetaCeedOT ECR ACOCeeCRCCNeRate ANDRIA eereee Fo Digynia radiate. Fruit nearly oval, rid briftles. Some flowers partial ones ripening about es pinnated, ferrated. “ Te : s latifolia. Noa MD) Boe ai. = 5 Linn, Spft. Veg. ed. 14. 276. it uP. Bo z. rr. 27 I. Relh. IS echinata tatiolia. of inate ie st V° lylium latifolium. er lefs frequent thanthelaft, but thrives in the iamekind of foils and fituations. seNttainisintlinecinsirBbmatintBissau tannins tvs tae It is one of the moft beauti- tul of umbelliferous plants, and makes a con{picuous appear- rar 1 j a my fos Tas os d ance in the dry fields of Cambridgefhire in July. Dp hoot annual. Stemtaller and lefs {preading than in C., daucoides, but as deeply furrowed, and more rough. Leaves aucous, rough, fimply pinnated, ferrated; the lower pair of leaflets fometimes compound at the bafe. Umbels of mayale: rarely more than 3 rays, with a general involucrum of 3 or 4 fhort ovate leaves, ribbed in the middle, with a membranous border, Partial umbels of feyeral which about 5 come to perfeftion. nearly feffile flowers, of Partial involucra like the general ones. Flowersred, alittle radiate. Seeds very rough, with reddith uprightftraight rough briftles. pera Na —= . . Rinteta Wap ion’ B Phe crt + ¥ ————— eee eeeeOaaio) Meetiaix Mace aon e ox Werte es. ik nakiptsausMak)tiie’sackMartekSn iinccih Miaaiblielanckakctiln acisiMacecaakMe ee ne ie ee,ee ~ EGS. Hoe OMee* ba ees Hee ) Lo Cg 405,Delea.8s Fe, io tee 7 hg oe ae oa Ole et -—" tePe al teek Fi ian BSetdie.Tae Oa 199 CAUCALIS nodofa. Knotted Caucalis. PENTANDRIA -Cuar, Digynia. Corolle radiate. Fruit nearly oval, j firiated, rough with rigid briftles. abortive. Spec. Cuan. Some flowers Umbels lateral, fimple, ’ ne J Syn. Caucalis nodofa. Hud/: Fl. An. 114. With, Bot. ay Arr. 273° Relh. Cant. 111. Sibth. Oxon. 93C. nodofa echinato femine. Rail Syn. 220, Tordylium nodofum. Linn. Sp. Pl. 346. ae arama Co MMON on banks andabout theborders offields, efpecially on a gravelly or calcareous foil, flow ering from Mayto July, after which its dry ftalks and heads of feeds remain fora confiderable time, and becomebleachedat length bythe weather, Root annual. Stems proftrate, branched, leafy, ftriated, roughith with reflexed hairs. Leaves bipinnate, and fharplycut; oppofite to each of which, and often partly embraced byits fheathing footflalk, ftands a {mall fimple umbel of feveral minute, white or reddith, fcarcely radiating, flowers, each on a very fhort flowerftalk, and furrounded by linear hairy involucra. The germens and feeds, both in the Linnean fpecimens andin ours, areall rough, the innerones with warty points, the outermoft, and efpecially on their outfide, with longifh, ftraight, rough, rigid hairs, asin otherfpecies of Caucalis, to which genus (and not to Tordylium) this plant is furely to be referred upon that account, whetherit has anyabortive flow€rs or not. Future obfervations muft decide whether the fmoother feeds of the centre are ever really abortive, or deftitute of a vegetative principle. Praétical obfervers of nature in the Country haveit in their powerto clear up manypoints of this kind, relative to the moft common plants, which, if communicated from time to timeto thofe who havethe means of making them public, would materially advancetheinterefts of fcience. 2 Caer gchar,04 * eS ee A ICG UREP ST O> sanee eOGUN Oene PeeTota eoERoYa om Fo ad cd pe he < oo <0 ae ry ree har : salina MiankiaMo aa . nCeenomecate: i ceeOOCheercoeeocohe Sle, en ae alcE 200 | EBORUS. viridis. Green Hellebore. POLYANDRIA Polygynia. Gen. Cuar. Cul. none. Petals five or more. faries tubular, two-lipped. Nec- Cap/ules nearly up- right, with many feeds. Spec. Cuar. Stem many-flowered, leafy. Leaves fingered. Syw. Helleborus viridis. Zan. Sp. Pl. 784. Sy/t. Veg. ed. 14. 519. Hudf. Fl. An. 245. With. Bot. Arr. 581. Relb. Cant.217. Sibth. Oxon. 176. H. niger hortenfis, flore viridi. Raw Syn, 271. ER Neiru ER of our Hellebores can be called common, but this is the more fearce of the two. It is found in thickets and dry paftures, chiefly in chalk countries. Mr. Jacob Rayerbrought this {fpecimen from the woods about Great Marlowand High Wickham, Bucks. It is perennial, and flowers in April or May. The root is flefhy, acrid and purgative like thereft ofits genus, and not inferior to any of themin aétivity. It throws out manylong fimplefibres, and produces a ftemfearcelya foot high, round, once ortwice divided, with a fingeredferrated leaf at each divifion, in form likethe radical ones, butf{maller. Linnexus in his not very accurate manufcript defcription of this plant, ftill more confufed in Mant. 408, feems to have intended calling thefe ftem-leaves braGee, on account of their analogy with the bra@tee of H. feetidus, and was thenceledinto the paradox of denominatingthe ftem of H. viridis a /capus, which however he corrected in Sy/. Veg. We prefer the original {pecific charaéter to that in the place laft mentioned. The flowers are folitary, on fhortifh footftalks, and green in all their parts. Petals fpreading, permanent. Styles 3 or 4, {carcely more, about as long as the corolla, of a bright fhining green, The whole herb is fmooth, andj ps el ones= = 0 Mee Cole "0,JE (s May, °.GOSoaE a ro c e = We ae —= eS eesae r ~ . ee - PE EE a ies Ee | 4 I i Eee ner eae aaeae eeeeae ae oS O] CHELIDONIUM } 710 Le 4 t Gen. CHAR of one cell. Mes Vole-Rowered. FI Spec. Coan. pinnatifid, Pods with thre C r " Fl. An. 220. ith, tL. A ( lh, Cant. 201. D See aa aie Papaver corniculatum violaceum. ae a Raz Syn. 309. f Cambrid o efhire affordthis 1 rare plant, ] > juft received it by favour of the Rey. d, flowering in the middle of May, a muchearlier feafon than isattributedto this fpecies by Mr. Hudfon. It was once obferved in afield 4 miles from Ayltham, in the road from Norwich to Cromer, but is, we believe, unknown in other parts of Britain. ual root produces one upright, round, much- 1 with alternate leaves of a dark fhining green, oftentriply pinnatifid, with linear fegments. The calyx falls off before the flowers are well expanded, and thedelicate 4 . . ie erat. Anco violet-coloured petals laft but a r few hours The ftamina are capillary, and not very numerous. Germenlinear, triangular, with a furrow along each fide, briftly towards the fummit, and terminated by three ftigmas. Pod long, of three valyes, producing many feeds. A few hairs are fometimes icattered over the ftem and calyx. Linnzeus imagines the plant before us may have originated from Papaver Argemone impregnated by fomefpecies of Chelidonium; but wefee fearcely any reafonfor fuch a fuppofition, hor can we conceive which Chelidoniumhehadin view. i oO < cereSia F: OE Chee ee,OtaeesOhtasche oe.Oi,OltLoOh Se : a =} | 3 3 i : E ; _s om 5 Te . re : ‘ _ ii 2 rs A 6 Ne Ce FiseeReOTCTeeAPHDREDHHCRIE HERON BTORESEMNER DHS Di ———————— a= —— ee —— =T le MeacsBaaBie RePsine Miao isI tH} u Wi FGtehrahae esahaaCheer RReteSoeeeSeteeS Sieesool OMTn4 intricatum., AUM. CRYPTOGAMIA Mufci. Gen. Cuar. Capfule with a lid. Veil fmooth. Flower. Jialk from a lateral tubercle invefted with fcales Spec. CuHar. Shoots creeping, with fhortifh brancheCS, 1 Leaves fpreading, lanceolate, ta fules urn-fhaped, inclining, with a recurved be | Syn. Hypnum intricatum. Schreb. Fi. Lipf. 99. Dic Crypt. falc. 2. 10. With, Bot. Arr. v, 3. To, { { Hl } i | The fhoots thickly interwoven forma clofe dark-green mat on the decayed bark oftrees in damp woods, and extend to feveral inches in length. The branches are fhort and flender, clothed with alternate, lanceolate, fharp-pointed, entireleaves, thofe at the fummit beingpaleft; and, as Schreber remarks, the leaves are moft lax and {fpreading in adried ftate. Numerous reddifh ftalks, fcarcely an inch high, eacharifing from an oval bulb at the fide of the ftem, bear fmall, fhort, inclining, urn-fhaped capfules, red at the margin, and fringed with nu- merous teeth. Theirlidis fhort, fwelling, and terminated by a fhortifh recuryed beak. Veil flender, cylindrical, whitifh, but not fo remarkably white and confpicuousas in H. ferpens , which this fpecies otherwife much refembles in habit, thougk Not in the form of its capfules, H i i ae ah I HIS mofs was firft difcovered in Enoland by Mr. Robert Teefdale, F.L.S. in fome woods onthe fouth-eatt fide of the river at Matlock-bath, from whence Dr. Smith fent it to Mr. Dickfon, and from his original {pecimens ourfigure was drawn. [t well agrees with Schreber’s defcription, and with the figures of Vaillant quoted by him (tad. 28. f. 2, 6, 7, 8). |i co ba OTeidClan OESOMO ae oe ic toeaChi ecm REone A: SIT es a ee ta Gwe? oS a Oe eis. a en iaRLRCeat TeeeTee a deel ene aPAnc ablnnctodRtDah DB cae eeRs ima Berea S were oy * adi i“ P _ ans aes Sail ‘ii . ASTRAGALUS A Viilk-Vetch, or Wild Liquorice. DIADELPHIA Decandria. Gen. Cuar. Pod oftwo cells, fwelling. Srpec. Cuar. Stemprofirate. Pods fomewhat trian- gular, curved, Leaves longer than the fpikes of flowers; leaflets oval. f ¢ oO Oo Syn. f A Geacalia yet wv q Aftragalus glyciphyllos. fr 17 f Hudf. Fl. An. 322. Cant. 277° A. luteus veftris, ; Linn. Sp.f Pl.] 1067. Teg With. Bot, Arr. Scbth. Ox On. 22776 perennis procumbens, v Raw Syn. 326. ae ‘ 1 1 a] ATT) + Founp about wayfides, borders of fields, and fimilar places, on a chalkyor gravellyfoil in various parts of Eneland, lefs frequently in Scotland. It is perennial, and flowers in June; the feeds ripen about Auguft. The ftems growing proftrate among grafs and bufhes, added to the ereenifh hue of the whole plant, caufeit to be frequently overlooked, though often extending 2 or 3 feet inlength. They are more orlefs zigzag, angularandftriated. Leaves alternate, confifting of about 5 to 7 pair of roundifh or oval leaflets an odd one at the end, andapair of ovate pointed ftipule at the bafe. Spikesofflowers arife from the bofomsofthe leaves, folitary, on foot-ftalks, fhorter than the adjoining leaf. The flowers are pale fulphur-coloured, often with a brownifh tinge. Pods reddith, inflated, containing manyfeeds. The leaves when chewed have a fweetifh tafte, which foon changes to a naufeous bitter. Cattle are not fond of them, | ee eee naa 7 I Hil ae Ls a we a ateanEnRSEniEee cee ee a) e ee Vd A “ —_’ ry e 5 S aCoaOhihesh e hae Mo a i SIUM _MIatifolium. Broad-leaved Water Parfnep. PENTANDRIA Gen. Cuan. Digynia. Fruit nearly oval, compreffed, ftriated. Involucrum general and partial, of many leaves. Petals heart-fhaped, uniform. Spec, Cuoar. Leaves pinnated; leaflets oblong-lanceolate, equally ferrated. Umbels terminal. i i i Syx. Siumlatifolium. Linn. Sp. Pl. 361. Hudf. FI. An. 118. With, Bot. Arr. 291. Relb. Cant. 115- Sibth. Oxon. 96. S. latifolium foliis variis. { } { | Rai Syn. 211. i iH Sent by Mr. Woodwardfrom Norfolk, where it is not un common, nor is it of very rare occurrence inrivers and fens throughout England ; but the umbelliferous tribe has been more overlooked than moft others, except Cryptogamia. This is one of the largeft Britifh plants of that tribe. Its perennial Toot, creeping among mud and gravel, throws up round, hollow, deeply furrowed ftems 4 or 5 feet in heiglht, clothed with alternate leaves, compofed of 7 or 9 leaflets, which vary much in breadth, but are always very equally andneatly ferrated, in which refpect theydiffer materially from Ss. anguftifolium, as well as in being much longer. Mr. Hudfon well remarks, that fuch as grow under water are often laciniated. are terminal, large, and many-flowered. The umbels Involucra various in fize and figure, fometimes lobed and often ferrated. Seeds {mall, It is a plant of an acrid poifonous quality, particularly the roots, i > +9, eo, Leva oy Re or 7 i. OMe Es Toa ft. 1 Sc pe as > Se atl — ey Een, Eee cea } a — eee eae Sana RRR ind leis ae ae Sed -_-- A AO aDi OeAReSRCeRe) Pees eee ae oe ia CSBh oeEE a 5 x Selatan ri igORaaRRaReecectoeWea etWs ickWierhei Widhak isdinca 6, Onli re « bs, o = eSeae McaiiheliicechiakDineshstiss iheshackHo cack ie ldy falt marfhes, more efpecially on our It is ter midfummer. Stems procumbent, round, branched. Leaves 4° in little clufters, fmall, fucculent, linear, or rather lanceolate 1 ro; at the bafe into a pair of minute, memed flipule. Flowers moftly at the divarications y terminal, folitary, feffile, delicate and form and colour, like thofe of a little red pink or ith 5 (rarely more) teeth, angular, Nectary yw {cale attached to the clawof each petal. Staminaand “alanine: t hofe of the Lychnis tribe, to which relembling us is nearly allied, though fo different from firft determined by Micheli, who namedit friend Franchi, a Florentine phyfician and ift, born at Lucca, who had aprincipal hand in founding the Botanical Soci¢ ty of Florence. It fhould feem that Linnzeus : not Hid HG gentleman’s claims a did not thinlthink this to fuch an honourfufficr cient, anc 1 ; erefore changed the nameto Frankenia, to perpe- tuate the memory of Frankenius, profeffor at Upfal in the middle of laft century, author of a not very ufeful catalogue of plants called Speculum botanicum, of which thereare 2 editions, both at pref } +1 4 ¥ Mea Mr. Lilly Wigg fent it from Yarmouth. : ieee Ms:Mieade CtePetr,Cl BolOe ain 7% MCeesche PO) esKG"0sDING eateraS teRS ae ieee ee a » : aE " E ae — a ee eases =. Dean aeCecrSRea m eCTeaa < heoty 3h on fe '% iM a - 4 1. Cs DG Lae 446 St,Naici TEala t Di, rynia: Cor. none, int, Cornwall, whereit ftill grows abundantly. The Meehe ay’s time in gravelly foil about the ; i i H iB femfted cathered this wild {fpecimen near New- i market. 5 Root taper, annual. a . : J . Stems feveral, various in lenoth ; ipreadine flat on the eround in the form of a ftar, alternately ranched, round, fometimes minutely pubefcent. Leaves oppofite about the of the polute about the item, fer one> often the lower lower part often fmaller part o1 th: imaller than 1 1 1 . . the other, elliptical, entire, fmooth. y Stipula membranous. leafy cluftered racemi, oppofite to the folitarylea Srortcli erous. » fhort-lived, veryes numerous. TheThecalyx is clofed clofed calyxis after flowerin r, and embraces the ripening capfule. It flowers about July and Aucuft. Whence this plant obtained its abfurd name, and credit for i ruring ruptures, is hardly worth enquiring. Mr. Hudfon is manifeftly (from Plukenet’s copied by Petiver) nothing but Glaux maritima. What 4. lenticulata of Linneus may be, itis not our purpofe nowto Ctermine, but there is much reafon to fuppofe it Creffa cretica. a MLa Ss Sk ea (RA —— fh eeea= 5 E ag load . * wee S whee a A SE oOrnoeOO eT ae ie Marae SPST ean ttRCeSee ee ee i PetexWea insecticidal thMa CiePieaCC~. be aie5OR Pe,CtesaC(a POLhee Meta, arPe Mn ae So o crs Cla Be adn QM. ONGee,, MIA Gymnofpermia. perlip of the corolla flightly notched, vaulted ; lowerlip with twoteeth onits upperfide. ec, CuAr. Stem fivelled belowthe joints. whorls crowded together. < 1 1 4 Tetrahit. yn. Galeopfis Upper Calyx pungen t. oO d 4 t Zinn. Sp. Pl. 810. Hh Fl. An. 264. With. Bot. Arr. 608. Relb. Cant. 228 Lamium cannabino folio vuleare. 5 Rau Syn. 240. v en——— 1] “SOMEweedin corn-fields, gardens, &c. on YON a grayelly foil, but being flri@ly annual is eafily eradicated bele : ae : fo, flowering. fore The ftem is quadrangular, but much {welled below2 or 3 of the lowermoft joimts. Every part is rough with very fharp, but not venomous, prickles, andthe calyx-teeth are very pungent. The herb has aftrong, not aromatic, odour when bruifed. The corolla varies much in fize andcolour, from rom purple pur] le to white LiL, but the bafe Dale of the? lip ft treaks, feldomlofes its The anthere are fingularly two-lobed, and hairy. avr tk = ha srarretyy > : i fi variety, a remarkable 1788 in at Matlock found Dr. Smith 1 5 | haf : 4% . ee 3 : whole terminal flowers were alwaysreeularly 4-cletft and falver- all the reft had their proed in his edition off 1Linn, Flo, Lapponica ATif Sorserly del * ( r fon, with a large yellowifh 3 © / fioure of it when it tain ofits not Cia eSheZa ne,ake Vd eg 2, < 7 < 7 = 3 ,= We WS See bs = SS ee a ore °t o : atinninaDonna th Sn * RE DGDG "53,59 iC 4 Bid P } os Ea f ix } aA?yy > ‘Chee. DECCes cn OeContoseMncs on aaa Mecheore SLPHIA Decan Lh 1 Lyi » teeth ahov be 2 1eetn above, 3 DE- bent backwards from the Spec. CHAR. Linn. Bot. Arr. 759. fandy heaths about Bi very rare plant, and ass , yroduce in abundance this we favour of a iy William Mathew, Efq. { q After the flowers aft, it is (as Mr. Woodward obkferved) very difficult to be andeither either from this cauie, caufe. oror its extremely y local and from this 1ts being being extreme local, the notice of Ray and the accurate obfervers of his Root woody and perennial. wnll- = ; Wilow, - 7" ‘ proitrate, 1 7 1 Stems like thot a dwarf tuberculated wherever former } branched, leaves have grown, angular andleafy towards their extremities, = pn os and their very youngeft. branches arefilky, like thea hanna backs of¢ thea leaves, which are ternate, fmall and obtufe. mas : . . > 47 Flowers numeoi “Viney tantivaiize rous, folitary or in pairs, of a full yellow, with filky footftalks and calyx. The teeth of the latter areall very fhort, and the 2 upper ones broadeft. men. anc Seeds about 3 or 4 1 the unripeger- The back of the ftandard is often as filky as the calyx, l even thekeel is hairy. ee Pd oS On VEG 6sDAS%%,.9 ss 5S a PR IS ESET j ae, oe 4 i o te Pete c) le Ss mores ove sidedDieatesidPaatcaskMeatsSiectsaasBierenceeaeaeOe | é: ie. < at % o) a ts 3 a ay FS F, ¥ a > E2 7 ers e i RS = ry aN 33 .) SPDRODRTDRSDRSDEEOD ———————— cS 00DIS CaDHE neni er,AhaesOh Ceeae CRYPTOGAMI. Gen. Coar. Cap/ules Ree CREOLE: iices,—/picate. wer) naked, globofe, two-va ]iVCUs, Spec, CHAR. 1 (ty { pound ¢ luiter fine Of % tru Ofmunda re Tr] day Ltile be 1/ Gah 7). Filix ramofa non dentata 1. Ran Syn. 128 Pr ¢ fiaig ma thote ns whoie iructii- of the frond, is proyy a metamorphofis fis, J> as it were, of theleafitfelf; neither f et. 4bound Yowith t4 . : at a] L nit areaathe captules a ring, as in moft of the dorfiferous f ‘ vee ferns, see an excellent note ofeyDr. Stokes’s Bot. Arr. v. 3. 46. and Dr. Smith’s paperde filicum generibus dorfiferarum, in the 5th vol. ofthe T + sg , [hefpecies before us meadows anc } ney e . occurs ; bows, c . ep here and there in watery fhady . 4 . - > . making a con{picuousfigure with i its cluiters of fructification in July or Auguft. Its root islarge and woody, a decoétion or extract of which is efteemedin Switzerland very ufeful for curingtherickets. Fronds feveral, 3 or 4 feet high, not unlike in hue and figure to young ath 1 trees, as Gerarde obferves ; they are alternate a oppofite occafiol Ys ly ferra od, and often flightly lobed at the bafe. The clufters are thrice compounded, bearing roundifh tufts of innumerable bivalve capfules full of minute feeds. A magnified figure of the capfulehas, by accident, been omitted in ourplate, but we thall take a future opportunity of exhibiting the generic character. Ray, in thefirft edition ofhis Synopfis, p. 26, has defcribed and figured youne plants of this fpecies as a new fern, by the name of Hemionitis pumilatrifolia vel quinquefolia maritima, aC 7 eMheenOheesChaeiedORsPdr,aCeROLhe 0 KS e . | iS De roBS i BC By gi ceeetie RO es Od PARCDRT DRGDRSneONSa,DIRSNSSeeeere Se ie > “Sk * ieta kee x eaB Reet xWea5Miataak ale ineta aoe a a Our, os sete "1 WwW W ith nume.- Capfut les Miedhasp te’caackBaek shclsdlinnsasah UU, a EA lymorpha. Linn. Sp. Pl. 1603. With. Bot. Arr. v. 3. 158. Relb. Cant. 420. oa five Thensies Kiepatica fonts fontana. 4 1 J] } i i{ in dampplaces, about fprings, wells, and ( Gardeners find it troublefome in uld of their garden-pots. It is perennial, midfummer. - pread horizontally, creeping on the ground by fibrous radicles ; are bluntly lobed, of a lefs reticulated. In thevariety dark {hinine ereen, and moreorlef 1 fearcelyJ reticulated at all, r, more opake, and jurface 1s ftudded with feveral pale dentated cups, a. half-filled with little ereen lenticular bodies, which are young plants, analogous to the ftem-bulbs of the Orange Lily, and other Viviparous plants, though miftaken by Dillenius and LinHedwie has firft a{certained the true nature neus for feeds. of the fructification, the parts of which are indeed faithfully delineated by Dillenius, but he did not underftand thei Wehave followed Hedwig’s opinion, confirme | with by obferyation, in the charaéter given above. Thehairs Which the feeds are connected appear from their elafticity to lave a kind of {pontaneous motion, and are well worth not ceconomy. YS Pg KS rs F he - oa a ¢ Gs sh ci — an eSSs ~ FkeR mT mTee eee ey \CRS — ee a BerWika MieekDinndndinaneReeS re Pre) ? beaA egy oe, 6) eeee2adelbe *e,. JAte WS or ae SCG OMate, iMe oe Os 4 c Ceon abenShae Roccella, or Orchal]. CRYPTOGAMIA Abe. {cattered warts, fhields or tubercles, in which the ; ‘ etd. ae cylindrical, without Tubercles alternate, Dick/ LOur, VU. I. 190. ih | Ad) ren 4 -- => ae wn Ai fi es j ) ; te L i R. DICKSON has Britith native at n the aut! in Guernfey, / Lewifham on 7 Portl: very common j Pe ay 4ts iolid 24 thick ; te ba tuft of curved, . more brownifh hu tered tubercles 1 may beon! tructification of this Jately admitted ity of Mr. G erCOOL Oke | rs f F v : < Me — SE neeee re) ee ee ee petangemnty SRReenSeeeTe ee ASAS ihlian t ahch ates RPro ia AleaDin ie Aiesd NantexPikeM Pare - cmerra-rramras — — —— a" eearene eRSRSR ee Oe cers Ce Re ACOMER, wl asastart V0ured. | ny conidera wutiful object. Its fine ¢c YI ray, which never chang thicknefs, and, from a curious The cruftis often * of an inch in Teflion, appears to gro ‘pecimen in Dr. Smith’ The fibres er are very fine, thick fet, matted together. i centric manner. is os a SeCmekes thaieeeealie hesORPet iG eS Ast ES) enORCLOe eeBe Lone on ce Me i _~ hr er Cee ey R A ‘ ‘ mm r Rae eneMECpenostou ; MictcakBinnsMtaaktateee: rotundifolia. _— OF dea hal on pals gs VW inter-oreen. Bee snide oO igures of two rare {peciesof ler the laft (t. 158) promifed as foon LiUiCcd ». rotundifolia, which we are nowena~ fpecimen eathered by the accurate Wige, among bufhes on a common at armouth, where the plant grows iparen amongits favourite mountains o1 LO h e Se round, 1 7 It flowers moftly about ale yt Lats nt ae ves agree very much with thofe of P. minor, itter, as well as the flowers, are larger. ‘Th er, and morelanceolate, but the effential difference confifts in the ftamina beingall bent, as if for fhelter, towards the upper fide of the flower, while the ftyle (much longer than that of P. minor) is curved downwards in as fingu' a manner, and again recurved to catch the pollen. The five blunt tubercles. I 7 os : WecieiricatsMe ChasesSa hie “ee S oy Fa a 2 ReeOe ORYOke eshae aorhice concnme i be | ’ ae o Hh Ee eelonTe ae la)le J Pee NS Wye reaisPeaCRa MdPe OL,Oars tae Be : ana: pie 214 | ATT N YT TQ sands i THUS Caryophyllus, b, or Carnation. ICANDRIA » Digynia. : etals notched, Linn. Sp. Pi, 557. With. Bot. Arr. 441. Smith V. 2. 299: flore minore pallido rubente. c valls of Rochefter Q caftle in June ‘ul on walls in that neighbourhood, andfome. abacis eh Doi old towns. Rayand Hudit varies infize ca (inn r, likeall plants fo cireumftanced. be Oursis furely the efteemed the real riety as marked by Mr. Hud-« with the fpecimens of Linnzus. abovethebafe, he margin. fmooth at th ftamina are jom abortive, as in Arena 1 les are commonly Lons ant byJ a “ hay ha i x } } . * “ ea) * ees et . Pie i ’ ie) Re aog.aieel—ae 2 b a PEC. Ssaa TETRANDRIA Gen. Coar. Cal. none. Petals Spec. Caar. Leaves linear, preaaing from th LL OO. uineo folio, 1 alternate, 1 but 1 from the iy er_tialks Flower-ftalk axilla LALILOL 91{horter u eSeeeee ae BiaOhareORheeeObersieOooe oe OLeede Weieseeceeoe eoaOConee fluitans. b-rujfh. TRIANDRIA 1 Monogyni Sa g as. ay umes Chaffy, imbricated every w: none. Seed 1, beardlefs. i ks era round, naked, alternate. Tika!) fluitans. 7 Linn. Sp. / PI. A ny: hb. Bot. Arr. 48. Sibil eti capitulo minori, Rau Sy £ HIS occurs in ditches, andinlittle pools upon grafly com- mons and heaths, the water of which is apt to be di in fummer, but is by no means a common {pecies. found on St. Faith’s bogs near Norwich, on Hounflow H and EppingForeft, floweringin June and July. The root is perennial, and the ftems throw out many long radicles as they ftretch in a floating pofition n over the furface of the water. The leaves fheathing at their bafe, and then much divaricated, floating, partly above the water. Thefpikes ft ind er the furface, and, though fmall, are confpicuous | and whitith colour. Each confifts of but few flowe! glumes are not much fhorter than the {ftamina, lowermoft are particularlylarge, fo as to appearlike ] cf aa . n } | Dut they have always parts of fructification Deiongmng Che fligmata are only two in number. cd i RareOdNdTe bs iePe DUGDHEMeeLCSecDHSesDK SYSTEMATICAL INDEX Diandria. P Tab. INGUICULA lufitanica Salvia pratenfis — —--verbenaca — — — 145 — 153 Lepidiumlatifolium Arabis Turrita — Monadelph Triandria, Scirpus fluitans — — Tetrandria. Plantago maritima Sagina ceraftoides Potamogeton perfoliatum a pufillum Pentane Echium vulgare — Lyfimachia thyrfiflora Herniaria glabra — Decandria. sla rotundifolia aemew= TINO Dodecandria. Euphorbia paralia —_ Genifta pilofa Lathyrus paluftri Aftragalu Trifolium mediu - - : E ? eC ;5 ¥ bead hd ®, oe FO Oheas y Liquorice, wild ——— knotted ———{mall Loofettrife, tuf Maiden-hair, white Mallow, marfh Marchantia, ftar-headed Milk-vetch, fweet — Nettle, roman Orache, frofted fea Orchall a Ofmundroyal Ox-tong Parfle Parfnep “1 Cla —- wild Club-ruth, floati r Pearl-wort, moule-ea prt, Pond-weed, ————ee rate b Rofe, b ny Rue, wal 2 »oture-s Rupture Saxifrage poppy, violet — int m—— LUNK Thiftle, dw —— mead broad-leay Rpheh eaDAEG MocDIGDHEMs é ie | BeRna a aT Need)iheteere aei e> eee , Pyfd “ ON NSCe 2ie aeae Beahaa OtiebasaeesMateseaOe EGES ES ES ES a sh Mae ae ee o ; ; Fs ‘ ! : : liiSBeBec é eisiaaORBanORRORECOLhat 4 ee 7 it Date Due i ? 2 ae : P “ a \ ‘ 2% r - ig | oi Hie MAT HMLgy RONAN + hd or ‘hes ‘tet y ceeiceieaale a} \ ai Te , , BO N aes , ' ; , Ube . fs ‘ wit . ATWmeaes a Y Pra pny Y \ 13 ‘ PE ee SaS, Gh tay, t i ea Oe Spc Pyke. abe yy haw Pye re AA a”ne lis 9 4 ta jig. LA, OOisn AP Cad |) thee CN “ue