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Title Fate of Trace Elements in Combustion of Alternate Fossil Fuels
Creator Garner, Joseph; Seapan, Mayis
Publisher Digitized by J. Willard Marriott Library, University of Utah
Date 1984
Spatial Coverage Tulsa, Oklahoma
Abstract The development of alternate fuels to replace or supplement the present petroleum fuels for power and steam generation is at its advent. Coal-derived liquids, tar-sand and shale oils along with heavy petroleum resids are expected to become the future baseline fuels for boilers and gas turbines. These fuels, in general, contain trace metallic compounds which, upon combustion, form vapors and particulates depositing on the internals of gas turbines and boilers or emitting into the atmosphere. In this paper, a state of the art review of the nature of trace elements in alternate fuels and their fate upon combustion will be presented. The chemical nature of trace elements in coal-derived liquids and other alternate fuels is quite different from that of petroleum products. In addition, trace elements in these fuels may exist both as soluble organometal1ic compounds and as insoluble suspended particles. During combustion processes, depending on the flame temperature, the nonvolatile components will remain in solid or liquid phases to form the residual particles, whereas the volatile metallic compounds may evaporate, react, and finally form condensible vapors. Depending on the rate of cooling of the combustion gases or the temperatures of surfaces that these gases may contact, solid or liquid submicron particles can form. These particles and some of the condensible vapors may deposit on the cooler surfaces of combustion systems. The particle formation and deposition mechansims may be quite different in various combustion systems. Furthermore, the characteristics of particles and deposits depend strongly on the chemical nature and the physical conditions of their formation. The objectives of this paper are to summarize the past and current research activities in this area and review the present state of our knowledge about the fate of trace metals of alternate fuels in the combustion processes. In particular, the relations between combustion characteristics of alternate fuels, the nature of trace elements, the combustion conditions, and the deposition/emission problems will be discussed.
Type Text
Format application/pdf
Language eng
Rights This material may be protected by copyright. Permission required for use in any form. For further information please contact the American Flame Research Committee.
Conversion Specifications Original scanned with Canon EOS-1Ds Mark II, 16.7 megapixel digital camera and saved as 400 ppi uncompressed TIFF, 16 bit depth.
Scanning Technician Cliodhna Davis
ARK ark:/87278/s6st7sc1
Setname uu_afrc
ID 1652
Reference URL https://collections.lib.utah.edu/ark:/87278/s6st7sc1

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Title Page 8
Format application/pdf
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Setname uu_afrc
ID 1629
Reference URL https://collections.lib.utah.edu/ark:/87278/s6st7sc1/1629