OCR Text |
Show combustion test are to (1) determine the proper atomizer configuration and operating conditions to provide an adequate spray quality for the combustion of PFO, (2) the resulting flame shape, (3) the N O x and C O emissions, (4) the stability of the low pressure gas atomized P F O and the low pressure gas alone through the atomizer, and (5) the potential turn-down for the atomizer. WATER SPRAY NOZZLES FLUE GASES 8' DIA. REFRACTORY FLOOR & FRONT WALL Figure 5: Horizontal Package Boiler Combustion Test Facility The atomizer is test fired in a horizontally fired combustion simulator, Figure 5, at a m a x i m u m firing rate of 20 MBtu/hr through a Coen M A atomizer scaled down for use at this firing rate. A venturi style register burner is used for the combustion test, see Figure 6. Off-gas is simulated with natural gas at the appropriate pressures. The test facility was instrumented to provide measurements of excess air, C O , N O x , air register pressure drop, flame length, atomizing pressures of P F O and off-gas, atomizing off-gas to P F O mass ratio and flow rates. The data collected is used to adjust the atomizer geometry and operating conditions of P F O and off-gas pressures to achieve the desired combustion characteristics. Satisfactory flame shape and atomization quality over a 5 to 1 turn down range with low particulate emissions and opacity is demonstrated. Excess air at the high fire condition is lowered to 2 0 % with acceptable combustion. This project is currently in the procurement stage with boiler startup expected in early-1999. Economic Impact: PFO is a waste product in an ethylene plant that can be sold as feedstock to carbon black manufacturers. Carbon black is commonly used as toner for copy machines and laser printers. The current price differential between selling the P F O or firing it in their boilers to offset fuel costs equals $10 per barrel of PFO. The successful installation of equipment to fire the P F O in a boiler and maintain the strict environmental regulations the World Bank has imposed on the project allow tremendous savings potential. Annual savings of $114,285 are produced for each additional gallon per minute1 of P F O firing rate. This amounts to a potential savings of $6.4 million at the maximum firing capability of 14 gal/min for all four atomizers which is substantially over 10 times greater than the cost of the off-gas and P F O combustion equipment. Figure 6: MA Atomizer Installed in Test Burner At 8000 hours per year of potential firing and 42 gallons per barrel. 5 |