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Title	Submerged Combustion Melter
Creator	Rue, D. M.; Kunc, Walter; Nosovitsky, Victor A.; Olabin, Vladimir M.; Maximuk, Alexander B.
Publisher	Digitized by J. Willard Marriott Library, University of Utah
Date	1997
Spatial Coverage	presented at Chicago, Illinois
Abstract	Submerged combustion melting (SCM) is an advanced, high-temperature melting technology in which fuel and oxidant are fired directly into a bath of material being melted. Combustion gases bubble through the melt, providing high heat transfer and turbulence, which leads to high mass transfer and a homogeneous product composition. Raw material requires little or no crushing and can be fed to the top of the bath. Raw material fines can be charged below the melt line to minimize fines carryover. Product melt is drained from a tap near the bottom of the melter. The Gas Institute (GI) developed the submerged combustion melting technology. Two 75-ton/day SCM units are in commercial operation for mineral wool production: one in Ukraine and one in Belarus. Recuperators on the commercial melters preheat combustion air to 575°F. Both melters operate with less than 10% excess air while generating very low CO and NOx (less than 100 vppm at 0% O2) emissions. The Gas Institute is focusing on improving thermal efficiency and production rate through development of a recuperator for 750°F combustion air preheat and a heat recovery batch (charge) preheater for batch preheat to 1650°F. The Institute of Gas Technology (IGT), in partnership with GI, has licensed the technology for world-wide application outside the former Soviet Union. A new, 6-ton/day pilot-scale SCM unit has been constructed and operated at IGT. This unit is serving as a demonstration and development tool for the production of a number of mineral melts and includes a choice between air gas burners and the first oxygen-gas burners. The pilot-scale melter system includes an advanced control system and a fines feeder for charging below the melt surface. This melter is being used to incorporate oxy-gas combustion and to develop the SCM technology for production of a number of mineral melts.
Type	Text
Format	application/pdf
Language	eng
Rights	This material may be protected by copyright. Permission required for use in any form. For further information please contact the American Flame Research Committee.
Conversion Specifications	Original scanned with Canon EOS-1Ds Mark II, 16.7 megapixel digital camera and saved as 400 ppi uncompressed TIFF, 16 bit depth.
Scanning Technician	Cliodhna Davis
ARK	ark:/87278/s6pk0jr2
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ID	14015
Reference URL	https://collections.lib.utah.edu/ark:/87278/s6pk0jr2

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Title	Page 7
Format	application/pdf
OCR Text	Show Figure 3. Pilot-Scale S C M Unit Photograph Figure 4. Pilot-Scale S C M Cross-Section The furnace separation chamber is attached to the top of the melter. This section is essentially a sheet metal box covered with multiple refractory layers. Changing direction and velocity of gases and entrained droplets causes droplets to be collected on vertical or inclined surfaces and then returned to the melter. Material is charged to the melter by a basket-type coarse feeding system or a fines screw feeder. The coarse feeder drops solids up to several inches in diameter in the bath from above. The fines feeder provides a means of charging fine particulates to the melt bath below the surface of the melt. This increase melting rate while reducing fines carryover. Melt is removed from the bath through either an emergency drain or a stainless steel discharge plug. A control and safety system is included to provide control of the feeders, individual control of the two burners, and safe operation of the melter. Thermocouples are provided along with an eyehole viewing port and auxiliary analytical instrumentation to measure O 2 , C O , C O 2 , and N O x concentrations in the offgas. Pilot-scale SCM testing began with the oxy-gas fired melting of basalt in batch mode. Burners were fired at a rate of 1.8 MMBtu/h with a stoichiometry of 1.0, and then the coarse feeder was used to charge 440 lb of nominal 2 in. basalt in 23 lb aliquots. Loading took approximately 90 minutes and was halted when the melt bath was full. Firing into the full bath for 20 minutes produced a homogeneous melt which was drained from the emergency drain at the back of the melt tank. Operation of the oxy-gas burners was smooth during the initial batch test. Combustion was stable, and the firing rates of both burners were easily controlled. After the test was ended, the melt bath 7
Setname	uu_afrc
ID	14012
Reference URL	https://collections.lib.utah.edu/ark:/87278/s6pk0jr2/14012