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Show Abstract Results of a Model for Premixed Combustion Oscillations M. C. Janus and G. A. Richards U. S. Department of Energy Morgantown Energy Technology Center Morgantown, WV 26505 Combustion oscillations are receiving renewed research interest due to the increasing application of lean premix (LPM) combustion to gas turbines. A simple, nonlinear model for premixed combustion is described in this paper. The model was developed to help explain specific experimental observations, and to provide guidance for the development of active control schemes based on nonlinear concepts. The model can be used to quickly examine instability trends associated with changes in equivalence ratio, mass flow rate, geometry, ambient conditions, and other pertinent factors. The model represents the relevant processes occurring in a fuel nozzle and combustor which are analogous to current LPM turbine combustors. Conservation equations for the fuel nozzle and combustor are developed from simple control volume analysis, providing a set of ordinary differential equations that can be solved on a personal computer. Combustion is modeled as a stirred reactor, with a bi-molecular reaction rate between fuel and air. A variety of numerical results and comparisons to experimental data are presented to demonstrate the utility of the model. Model results are used to understand the fundamental mechanisms which drive combustion oscillations, the effects of inlet air temperature and nozzle geometry on instability, and the effectiveness of active control schemes. The technique used in the model may also be valuable to understand oscillations in low NOx industrial burners. Introduction Combustion oscillations are receiving renewed research interest due to the increasing application of lean premix combustion to gas turbines. Stationary gas turbines are now commonly using premixed combustion to avoid the high levels of NOx emissions that are produced by earlier diffusion style combustors. Beer (1995) and Lefebvre (1995) provide excellent reviews of the status of LPM combustion technology. While the benefits to NO x emissions are well established, experience has shown that LPM combustion is susceptible to oscillations. Oscillating combustion should be eliminated during combustor development because associated pressure oscillations can severely damage engine hardware. As part of the Advanced Turbine Systems Program (Alsup, Zeh, and Blazewicz, 1995), the U.S. Department of Energy is supporting the investigation of various solutions to this problem. Current studies include work conducted at the Morgantown Energy Technology Center (METC) as well as several university projects that are being supported through the South Carolina Energy Research and Development Center (Fant and Golan, 1995). 1 |
