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Show 3. NEW SYSTEM DESIGN (cont'd) Safety Shutdown Systems (cont'd) Nuisance trips are probably the number one reason for plants having reservations against an SSD. An unplanned trip will cause loss of production due to the time required to start the heater (and plant) back up but may also save someone from being seriously hurt. Every precaution should be taken to make the SSD as free of nuisance trips as economically possible. 4. HAZARD AND OPERABILITY STUDIES Once the system design is complete, including the safety shutdown system, a study on how operable and safe it really is should be conducted. It is a firm belief that for any system design a Hazard and Operability Study (HAZOP) should be conducted. A HAZOP is a systematic method whereby a multidisciplines team involved in the deSign meet to review and comment on the system design. A HAZOP study should be performed in the very early stages of a project, as soon as a complete Process and Instrument Diagram (P&ID) is available. 5. SYSTEM START-UP Concurrent with the design of any system should be the continuous communications within to pull all the multidisciplines together to insure a workable product. As part of an ongoing continuous improvement program to incorporate "Iessons learned II from past projects, the design team is consistency pulling on the resources of different departments to make certain that any problem on past designs are reviewed and improved. This actually works two-fold in that at the same time a team of commissioning and start-up engineers are compiling information on current projects for operation manuals, they can insure problems don 't reoccur. Operating manuals are extremely important in that the start-up and operation of the plant requires a full understanding of the design. Again, these are heaters that most likely have undergone major modifications. The designer should include operating manuals and operator training (classroom and hands-on) with any design. Operating manuals are a hard copy of all the design philosophies and equipment contained in the system. Operator training can be done in either classrooms or hands-on in the plant once it is commissioned and started up. The recommended practice is to conduct training in both the classroom and then in the plant, as one cannot really be done without the other. 12 |
