Friend, 1880-12

Published by the Rev. Samuel Chenery Damon from 1845 to 1885, The Friend focused on temperance and Christian mission to seamen. It began as a monthly newspaper that included news from both American and English newspapers, and gradually expanded to adding announcements of upcoming events, reprints of sermons, poetry, local news, editorials, ship arrivals and departures and a listing of marriages and deaths. From 1885 through 1887, it was co-edited by the Revs. Cruzan and Oggel. The editorship then passed to Rev. Sereno Bishop, who held the post until the publication of the paper fell under the auspices of the Board of the Hawaiian Evangelical Association in April of 1902 where it remained until June 1954. Since then, it has continued in a different format under the Hawaii Conference-United Church of Christ up to the present day, making it the oldest existing newspaper in the Pacific. Note that there are some irregularities in the numbering of individual issues, so that two issues may have the same volume and number, but different dates will distinguish them.

. ""9- ~h-Cl}lC ,--.. o.,_/ Its Sho'res, Us Islands, and • the vast 1·egion beyond, will become the chief theafre f:J ,Cc._~ of events, in Oft,- • ~~...,, -<~~ -'-'lYs GREf\: \\ / ~d ~-- {@l~ .$tries, IDoL 37. HONULULU, D~C~llJBElt 1, 18~0. CONT~~TS Fo1• Decembe1· 1 • 1 880. -=========--==============================-===================== Oahu~llege. RAMBLES IN THE OLD WORLD.-No, 47 PAo1<: "We are very glad to report the pro:-:perA PILGRIMAGE TO OBER-AMMER GAU. Home Again .... ······.. ······.......................... s9 ity of the Oahu College at Honolulu, S. I., E h presided over by our old time anrl greatly The year Eighteen Hundred and ig ty1 Marine Journal. ......................... . .......... ... 9a respected fr1·end and brother, Rev. W. L. now drawing to a close, has been in Europe Editor Abt·oad-No. 9 ............ . .................. 93-\14 k d b b f t d · Y. M. 0 · A ............ ······....... · ..... ······. .. ... ··96 Jones. The institution is very full, having mar ·e Y a num er O even s an anm~·""' ::.a.=:·"'"'~-=~·,At; ~"'"~-~~ versaries of more than ordinary interest over 100 pupils, and has just received a which have been celebrated in an approprivery generous gift. Mrs. Dickson . daughter ate and impressive manner. In Portugal Df4~CEMBER t. 1880. ot f the llamenteddD r.kJ uddd, has givedn $500f there has been the splendid celebration of o purc11ase new e~ s an seats; an we o 'f f C A r 'fh p 'fi Offi h h d th l t the ercentennary o amoens. 1ew H<;>me Again. • e ac1 c ce ave a e p easure o ll h · ·1· d ld 1 d 1 h th f G 1' lb t & M t e c1v11ze wor earne O f th' I wee<s since a When crossing the Western Prairies we p~rc as~ h~mt~ t ~r l .?ore is , with interest of the completion of the beauti1 O ono u 1u: ' fol and stately Gothic cathedral, which is saw immense flocks of birds flying south, as ci Y, an s P em Oahu College i8 one of the bright spots in the glory of Cologne and of Northern the cold winds and frost were changing the the Hawaiian Islands, and when in San Europe. After six long centuries of growth color of the forest foliage. We were glad to Francisco, the above item, in the Pacific it has at last attained that full measure of follow their example and hurry our escape fell under our notice, that spot was ren- architectural symmetry, which its now unfrom the chilly winds and frost-bitten lands known designee so long ago dreamed and dered still more bright and luminous. We drew. In this golden month of October this of the north to the sunny skies and mild retrust the time has come when the graduates important and suggestive historic moment gions of the Pacific Islands. Our limits will and friends ot the college will come forward will be observed with imposing pageants not allow us to describe our homeward jourand do something generous and handsome and solemn services. All through the sumney. In another part of our sheet, our jourmer Belgium has been in festal array, refor that institution. We bear that Mrs. joicing in half a century of a new national nal breaks off at Paris. Pa~sing through Dickson has still better thin!ls in store for Brm'lsels and Antwerp, in Belgium, we em- Punahou. The graduates and parents, who peace and prosperity. The Exhibit.ion in Brussels has formed a renter of attraction barked trom the latter city, Sept. 4th, for have children educated there, could not be for all the land and for thousands of visitors New York. After spending a few days engaged in a more worthy enterprise, than from other countries. But for very many among frlends in New England, we crossed endowing the college. We trust they the principal event of the year has been the the Cvntineut. On arriving in San Fran- will imbibe that generous spirit now so pre- unique and wonderful Representation given valent in the U. S. of endowing higher by the peasants, unaided from without, of a cisco it was our privilege to attend the openseminaries of learning. When we have a little mountain village in the Tyrol and ing meetings of Moody and Sankey. Em- little more leisure, we intj:!nd giving expreswidely known as the "Passion Play of barking on t e :!1st we arrived safely on sion to some thoughts upon the higher de- Ober-Ammer Gau." partments of education. What we have the 28th ult· . Circumstances kindly favored in perwitnessed in both the new and old world, mitting me to be one· of the number of those Our entire trip has been most agreeable has awakened a strong desire to see someand satisfactory. Gladly would we mention thing done on those Island in advance of who were privileged to be present this summer at this most impressive representation, names of persons and families contributing what has yet been accomplished. More I had well nigh said service; for from to our happiness and welfare. In our fond anon. the first I would speak of it, as it deserves recollections of friends and places in foreign INTERNATIONAL PosTAL SvsTEM.-With to be mentioned with reverence. * * From lands, we do not forget our great indebted- most commendable patience the business Vienna our way led to Salzburg, that most ness to friend-s and parishi9ners near home, men and community generally have subn~it- beautifully situated and interesting historical town of Austria. Every one who comes who have so kindly contributed by their aid ted to the old system of Postal arrang~- hither is more than delighted with the to ren.der it pleasant and easy for us, to be ments. The time has folly come when a unique beauty of this famous residence of temporarily absent from our pulpit, parish change should be made, bringing our islands the proud and powerful archbishops who and editorial chair. With health re-rnvig- into harmony with other civilized nations. here reigned as princes. It is an Italian orated we resume our wonted duties, hope- The subject is one calling for immediate picture in a frame and setting of German ful, buoyant and cheerful~ as much so as action on the part of the officers of this Gov- forests and mountains. The white w;:illed when nearly forty years ago we arrived on ernment. The present arrangemP.nts are villas peeping out from the verdant masses the Hawaiian Islands. We hope future suc- decidedly antiquated and inconvenient, not of shrubbery which surround them might cessiwill show that we do not lay unwise plans to speak of the almost certain fact, that have been trans-planted from the Sunny or over-estimate our ability to discharge much of our mail matter never reaches its South which lies beyond the Alps. Alexandestination. der von Humboldt, who was, from hi;; ex!' pre~ent duty. ~!~\1~~1fi,t·;oici·,v~~ici:..:.N~:41·:.:::::::::::::::s9:..:.:~ THE FRIEND. 0 90 Tilt tensive travels in a certain sense, citizen of all the world, mentions as the three cities which are in his estimation, of all, the most beautiful, Uonstantrnople, Naples and Salzburg. Here, you know, was the birth-place of Mozart, the Great Musician. Not so very far away from Salzburg. (a rharming early morning drive, whc.•n the woods are cool and fresh, and the birds are waking, and the towering Alps above- you w,,rm tbeir cold granite faces in the rosy ligl.t of tile new day), lies that " Happy Valley" where the little village of Herchtesgaaden nestles in the embrace of grand mountains, rn Summer rev_e ling in ·a perfection of natural beauty, (in con~~~st with which the <lreams of painters and poets seem empty and colorless), &nd in Winter hiding it8elf away from the world behind almost impassible barriers of gleaming ice and snow. Just beyond this favored spot lies the famous lake, called by the Germans "I{on1gs-See," and worthy ot all royal honor it is. I think you must be familiar with its appearance. 1or hosts of artists have for years .. pitched their camp" here, and have tried to catch on their canvas the deep, mysterious green of its waters. I have seen 110 where else rnch marvelous coloring, you seem to sail over a sea of liquid emerald From all this picturesque and refreshing region which is the charm and boast of Austria and Bavaria, for here amid monntains and lakes, boundarv .lines run in and out in a queer zig-zag sort of way, we came to Munich. of which fascinatjng city crowded with rarest an-treassures, I wou 'd have much to tell you were 1 n<">t eager to get further on-and to the real goal of this monthly letter But before telling you what l have se£'n in Ober-Ammer Gau, I must tell you why I came in the first place to think of visiting Ober-Ammer Gau at all. There is one advantage in writing to one at .a distance, over telling anything to a friend near at band, viva voe&; you can in the former case tell your story to the end without fear of having it "nipped in the bud '' at the very beginning. Some day you may tell me tliat tbe history of the " Passion Play" had grown trite and well risorne tu you frorn innumerable accounts of the same which have come to your notice for monthi':; thnt you have read descri~tions of this Peasant Performance until you desire something 11.ew, and that now vou are better instructed in reference to its peculiar and interesting details than your latest informant. But as yet, I do not know a word of all this, you see, and hence in my innocent enthusiasm can tell you an old story with the joy of one who feels he is telling something- new. There will be this comfort for me, if ever I ·find out my mistake, that what 1 have to tell is worthy of being oft repeated, and that any copy of so good a picture, however poor, however hasty and unworthy, µmy still be a source of pleasure to some. • lf we trace the Historv of the Church and Literature back into th~ middle ages, we come upon the first traces of these representations in dramatic form of biblical themes, of which this "Pasision Play" of the Bavarian-Tyrol is the finest specimen, and which is the on~y thin~ of t_he_ kind really worthy of mention, still ex1strng to remmd us of }vhat was once so great a source of pleasure FRIEND, DEUE~IBER. I 8 0. and often times of profit, undoubiedly, to a faithfully. He i& a man of remarkable ta!Pnt very large portion of the peasantry especial- and earnest religious spirit, and he has dely,. in a number of the European countries . voted himself, he1rt and soul, to training The early ' mysteries" of which we read, and dirPcting the villagers in performing the and whic-h treated mainly of the Life, Pas- " Pasision Piny" which they regard with sion and Hesurrection of our Savior seem to solemn reverence. have been first in vogue in the 11th, perhaps, however as early as the 9th century. Ober-Ammer Gau is a village of only a They were first given in the churches, but fe,v hundred inhabitants. They support later, owing to their being treated in a themselves principally by wood-carving, secular manner were transferred to the which in their skillful hands, attains a reopen fields or clrnrch-yard. While some of markable artistic perfection. They pay also them undoubtedly were given in a reverent some attention to agriculture. It is almost and religious spirit, others were marred by impossible to convey to one who bas never a course and revolting reali:-m which seems visited this little mountain village,-a satisto have been more in harmony with the factory picture of the life of the people. Jt spirit of these ages than with ours. In is something so unique, so peculiarly earnest Italy, France, Germany and England dining and religious, so beautified by their devotion successive cent,iries these representations to this great object of their life, the" Passion seem to have been most popular. In England Play" that one must really come here and there were the '' mysteries," the " moral- and see the people themselves, to truly apities'' and tbe '' miracles." Sometimes they preciate them. To take part in the Passion were given in a most elnborate manner and Play is considered the very greatest possible continued for <lays. In Southern Germany, honor, and the humblest and least important they seem to bave been, e5pecially p0pular positions among the actors are f:'agerly acamong the people. And it is in the J1ttle cepted. From generation to generation the mountain village of Ober-Ammer Gau, in accumulated traditions gathering about its highlands of Bavaria, where the g-erm of history are paised on from parents to childthis medireval Passion Play may be seen in ren. During the intervening years they the remarkable representation which bas prepare for it. The long, lonely winters when the snow-drifts shut them out as it were been there given this year. In reference to its origin we hn. ve the fol- from the outer world, it brightens and enlowing account: '· ln the year 16~:J a fear- livens their quiet life. In the school and in ful pestilence broke out in the neighboring the festival of the church they fit themselves villages, so feu rf ul indeed it was thought to take part in it. And wlien the year rolls everybody would die. In Kohlgrub, distant round, when the Passion Ph,y is to be givthree hours' journey from Ammer Gan, so en, they feel that a solemn but at the same great were the ravages made by the disease time joyful anniversary is to be observed. that only two married couples were left in The lust time the Passion Play was given the village. Notwith5tanding the strict was in the year 18'71, after the conclusion measures taken by the people of Ammer of the Franco-Prussian W r:tr. At that time Gau to prevent the plague being introduced it excited the wonder and admiration of visinto their village, their precautions proved itors from all parts of Europe, and much insufficent, and the latal malady entering, was said and written in reference to it. And spread with such fearful rapidity that with- this _year for months a constant succession in a short space of time nearly ninety per- of travellers have visited Ober-Ammer Gau to sons died. Then the villager~, in their sad witness thiis most wonderful spectacle. trial assembled and solemnly vowed that. if The journey from Munich occupies one God would take away the pestilence. they would perform tbe Passion Tragedy in day, and with fine weather nothing could be thanksgiving every tenth year. From that more delightful. If not in the garb of a piltime on, although a numter of per::;ons were grim of the olden time, yet in no careless sufferinq, not one more died of tbe plague. spirit did I undertake the journey to the In rn:14 the play was first performed. The Passion Play. What I had read beforepressed · me decadal period was chosen for 1680, and the hand in reference to it ha.cl Passion Play has been enacted every tenth with the feeling that it was no mere holi. year with various interruptions since that day spectacle at which I was to be present. time." Whether this was the real cause or The subject is in itself the most sacred and not, 1t is still a fact that here in this little soler.on which could be chosen. So that village for more than two centuries the from the first I felt a desire to view reverentPassion Play has been given-and its repre- ly this representation, which it had been sentation has become the principal event in with me a longing and hope of years to see. the lives of these simple country people. As a boy I had read of the little village Undoubtedly the "Passion Play" as now among the mountams and its pfasant-actors. given. surpasses anything known in earlier whose simple life is governed and beautified da.ys, and yet though those taking part in it by so unusual a purpose, and who then are trained with greater carefulness than seemed so remote, so strange, so unreal to formerly, and all the details are managed me. And now my long cherished hope was with an exactness and perfectiori, the result to be fulfilled. My way south from Munich of modern skill and taste, still the founda- ~as first hy train through a country growtion and frame-work is much the same as in . ing constantly more and more beautiful. that remote period of its origin. The im- It is a 1egion ·renderec\ .c harming by the· exprovements of later times are largely due to quisite natural loveliness of the scenery, and the earnest enthusiasm of the now aged vil- by a host of legendary and historic associ/ ]age priest, the_'' G:eistl1cher Ratl~," Daisen- atim1s, whi~h give an added life to hill ' and berger, .who still lives as a patnarch amid dale, Soon after leaving Munich, the beauhis flock for whom he has cared so long and tiful take Starnberg appeared lying -~n the T ll E fl, R I }~ N D , D E C E lU B E R I 8 8 0. 91 - -- - - - - =-_:_===================-================--==:----_=---=---=---=--=-=-:::_=-=-=-===-===--==-=-=----=---=-=-=-=-==---=-=-=-=- midst of a fertile and verdant country, and with glorious views in the distance of mitity blue mountains. The villas of the wealthy Ba.varians border the gleaming waters of the lake, and it is here on shore and island that tbe young, talented but strangely eccentric King Ludwig IL of Bavaria spends most of his time at the Schloss Berg, or that fanciful spot ·' The G.arden of Roses," or wherever his quaint, poetic fancy may lead him. Further on the train stops at Murnan, and here the mountain journey begins. From this point on you feel the welcoming charm of these beautiful Bavarian highlands, and you rejoice indeeJ that you have come. This is the terminus of the railway. With the iron-rails the noisy, bustling busy world and its hurrying every day hfe seems to end. For a time, at least we will forget it. Amidst the glory and grandeur of these mountains, under the canopy of these circling heavens, :rnd surrounded by these simple children of the mountain and country, we may rest and gather inspiration. The 11 ir comes down to us sweet, cool and deliciou:sly refreshing from the mountain 5ummits, where far on into the Summer the white snows glisten. The great mountains rise on every band-nearly seen they show rich] y wooded slopes, with here and there open spaces where smooth grassy fields, bright in the sunlight seem to offer welcome and plenty to the flocks which pasture here in Snmmer; in the distance they grow deeply blue, the mist veils their wild peaks, and their stern out-lines, thus softened, seem to be strangely in harmony with the clouds which hover near them. It is a long, delightful drive which we have, we would not have it e(?d, The mountains seem to open before us as if in welcome, parting llk!i huge oc~an waves. We look back and they have closed again and shut out from us the old life in giving us one new and fresh and untired. We are not the only travellers by this mountain road. From all points they come. The highway is alive with varied groups. Here are sorne in carriages-in all manner of vehicles -on foot-every one is desirous of reaching Ober-Ammer Gau before nightfall. You wot1ld be most of all drawn towards the little companies of peasants on foot. Some ol them have come long and \-Vearisome ways to be present at the Pas:sion Plav. For them it is indeed a p1lgnmage. beauty of the country surpasses our expectation. For such mountains we were not prepared. There 1s the Etallu Mana!, over f>OOO feet in height; then the Herzogenstand, 6000 feet, and above all the Zugspitze, 10,000 feet, far up in eloudland; and now comes Ettal, where once stood the famous Benedictine Monastery, founded by the German Emperor Ludwig. Still on,.ward the beautiful vnlley of the Ammer opens before us, and we are near our journey's end. It is a scene of singular beauty. The noble valley stretches away in the waning light of the closing day. To rigbt and left ri::.e the guardian-like mountains. ln the center of the fertile plain lies the little village, the mosque-like dome of whose church we can see from far away. The vesper bell rings out clear and sweet upon the evening -air. On one of the peaks of fhe nearest range, ruay be seen a noss, ri:::ing far, far up towards heaven, and we recognize the Kof~l, rr:,e the guardian spirit of the valley. Lower down, beautifuily out-lined again~t a dark back ground of deepest green, stands a marble group representing the crl,!ci6xion, "Presented to the community of Ober-Ammer Gau by King Ludwig 1[ of Ba\·aria in commernora tion of His Majesty's visit to Ober-Ammer Uau, to witness the Passion Play in 1871, and his appreci 1tion of the earnest labors of the villagers in the performance of the vow made by their for@fathers in the year 163!3." We find the winding village streets and paths crowded with people. Such a singular medley, such a Babel of langu::iges, such a mingling of high and low, of rich and poor. We shall see them to-morrow once more together. Here for a night or two one must lodge in right primitive fashion. The villagers will do their best to make you comfortable and willing, kindly people they are. But there are hundreds, aye, thousands .o f hungry and tired peopie to be fed and housed, our hosts are busy enough, and tomorrow will be a hard a n<l · try mg day for many of them. On every side you are attracted by the most exquisite wood-carvings. In all the world nothing in tbis kind of work 1s more beautifully done There are one or two schools of design and carving here higb up among the mountains. You come to see peasants, you find. yourself among artists. They show the;r taste, their delicacy of feelrng, .their im:omparable skill as carvers, in the 11,arvelously finished and \Vrought crucifixes, madonnas, flowers, p ctu re-frames and a host of differPnt ohjects which are shown you here. We glance here and there, and the more we look the more we wonder at this strange little center witb its motley varied life, where we find ourselves to-night. We are eager for the morrow; will it @:ive us all w2 hope for and what we have come so far to see? The day has gone-the night has veiled the mountains, and the pines, which seem still to murmur softly in their :sleep. The cross on the lofty Kofel and the st,irs keep watch and ward above, while before the hum and confusion have ceased, the tired eyes have dosed and the village rests in peace. Early the following morning, the village is once more a stir. A band of musicians passes through the streets. The people are gathering in dense crowds before the great building or theatre, where the representation of the day is to be given. I have come very early in order to be sure and get a seat. After coming all this way,at Jast to be shut out wouid be indeed a disappointment. At last the doors a re (lpened, and we are admitted within the great inclosur€, partly covercd, partly opened with no dome but th:::i.t of the heavens above. Hundreds of men and women are gathering, one beard a du I, subclued murmur of voices hl<e distant waves on the shore. In an amazingly ·short space of time all have found their places. lt was worth making the journey just to see this assemblage. In-the more expensive and secured seats are strangers from different lands, especially English and Americans. Near the center is the Royal Lodge where to-day sit a Bavarian pnnce and princess. I am glad that my ticket, taken at the last moment has given me a place among the people. I am surrounded by the peasants and farming people, strong stalwart ruen and women they are too . They greet rne kindly, and in their hearty cordial way, give me the welcome of the mountaius. What studies for an nrtist ! Peasants from tile Tyrol, in their piL:turesque costumes; mountaineers and \\Orkrnen from the lo\vlands; representatives from town n11d country and village, from all the region to north and south, east and west; rnp1u·hin monks witl1 hood thrown ba!.:k, blacked-gowned priPsls; tourists 111 all manner of travelling costumes. ·where would you find another so varied an audience ? l hl'ld difficulty to 1--eep myself from believing it to be ali a ~ingu1ar, fanta1-tic dream. Before us rises the stage, arranged with great simplicity aud yet with admirable skill. ln front a broad open prosce11ium for the choirs and the great processions,- behind thi~ a covered space for tableaux vi1;wit8; to the nght the palace of Pilate; to the left the palace of Annas; on either sides the streets of Jerusalem. And back of all this. most beautiful ot all, the green forests covering the grand old hills; stre1ching for tnvay in the d i::.tance, verdant flower-darted meadow lands; and above the blue of the Summer :,;ky with dl'lfting white clouds. No bru~h of human artist co11ld have produced s11ch scenery for a background ! At this point I cannot do better than give in tbe ~imple yet earnest words of the village priest Duise11berger, the icf'ea of this representation. '• Our main objecct is to represent the story of Christ's Passion, uot by a mere statement of facts, but in its connection with th'e types and figutes and prophecies of tbe old Testament. By this manner of treatment an a<ld11ional strong light will be cast upon the sacred narrative, and the thoughtful spectator will be able to realize the grand truth that Jesus Christ, the Son of God, made man for our salvat10n is the central figure of the inspired volumes. As in the history of the Christian church the life of the Saviour and all his sacred actions are cor1tinunlly repe,.ted and rc.>proJuced, to the extent that (nccorJing to Scriptural commentators) He live:-3 over agarn, suffers and triumphs in His sain1s as it happened before his appearance in the flesh, that the holy pntriarcl1s and other saints of tbe Old Testament fore-shado\Vt'd His corning by the events of their history and by their virtuous lives. For He is tl.1e etern~l Sun of the spiritnal world, the Sun of justice send mg forth his divine rn\'s to illurninnte in all di1ections borh His ·predecessors and successors. no less tban His contemporaries. Many of the incidents in the lives of the ancient fathers bear a striking and obvious resemblance to various parts in the life of the Redeerner, and f'et forth the sufferings and death and resurrection so minutely that the Evangelists continually mention some prophecy which was fulfilled. Tbus the herot'S of the Scriptures, Adam, the obedient Abraham, Isaac, Joseph, Job, David, Micaiah, Jonas, Daniel, and ~o many others who labored and suffered in His Spirit, represent in part, though imperfectly, His Life, and through what they accomplished and suffered, they became the prophets of that which is in Him, the Urbitcl, the primitive type, should take place. In this fundamental I 92 ~, R I E N D , D E C •~ M B E R , 1 8 8 0 . 1' HE thought is the representation of the Pflssion arranged and performed 011 the basis of the entire scri•ptures." For those who take part it is a solemn religious service. While the great throng has been gathering without, 11pon the stage curtained an<l hid from sight "assemble all the members of the cornrnunity who are to take an active part in the performances, upwards of five hundred in number, together with their pastor and there engage in silent prayer, that is the unseen prelude to the Passion Play." Without the murmur and noise of voices have died away, 11nd the most intense expectation is depicted on evc•ry countenance. First comes the plaintive music of the orchestra, and then frnrn either side of the open stage appear the divisions of the chorus advancing slowly and solemnly from right and left, till meeting in the center, they form one continuous line across the front of the stage The two divi::sions of the chorus, in which are both men and women, are led by two superbly handsome a1 d stately men, one the most perfect type of Teutonic strength and manhood. with long flowing hair and beard. the other. the chm·agus proper, an equally noble specimen of manly vigor and power with dark hair and beard. All the members of the chorus are clad in robes, wnics and mantles ot various and harmonized colors of classic Grecian pattern. Before every scene of thP. representation in full chorus, or solo, or duet, in ;-:on!! or recitative they rtnnounce the subject rnat't.er of the acted scene or tableau. 'l'hev are, so to sa v the uttered voice of the ;, Pas::iion Play.;, Never before was the office of the Greek chorus made so clear to me, as in seein'g and hearing these peasant singers of the mountains The singing was far from being of a high order, and some of the peasant faces were anything but beautiful, but there , was a plaintive earnestne~s and a devotion in their tones and gestures which was extremely irnpressiye. And eqwdly so was the slow rnearnred and noiseless step with which they came before the audience. The choragus first explains the scope of the representation, the Fnll and Reconr.iliatio ,1 of ~he sinner to God throu2·h the Redeemer of the world. Then the chorus slowly parting, the curtain is raised and the first tableau represents the expulsion of A darn and Eve from the Garden of Eden. From the very first moment you are amazed at the wonder• ful skill and taste displayed by the people. The tableaux are simple marvels of 1nr, ngement, judged simply from an artistic standpoint, I have never see11 anything to surpass them. And added to this there is an earnestness in the attitude of all the performPrs which shows that they are acting from deeper motives than any paid players could have. Now come scene after scene, tableaux and representations with spoken dialogue. All the main events in connection with the close of our Saviour's life are reproduced with l'llways a preceeding suggestion or typical reminder of the Old Testao,ent. The scene representing "Christ's entry into Jerusalem'' which comes early in the morning's portion of the Passion Play, moves the audience profoundly. The immense stage is at first seen bare and empty. Soon the sonnd of rejoic_:ing and shoutrng are heard, then slowly an lmmense I throng begins to fill the streets, old men and womt-n, youth and children, all in brilliant Eastern costumes. Palm branches wave in the air. Singing and melodies of welcome resound on every side. And at last appear~ ~urrounded by this joyful company, a stately and imposing figure. You have feared, you have dreaded this moment. The very thought of anything of the kind has seemed to you like profanity. But the reverence, the tenderness, the devotion of these simple people, and the dignity and grace and sweetness of the one of their number who takes for the moment-as in a picture-this central fi~ure,-sweep away, certainly for the time being, any such feeling. Of course the scenes are copied oftentimes ciosely from those famous paintings, which are the arttreasures of the world . Thati'Jrepresenting the " Last Supper " brings immediately to mind the well-known painting by Leonardo de Vinci. It would be impossible for me to endeavor to give even a hasty outline of the Passion Play. 1t continues from eight in the morning with an intermission of an hour at noon until five in the afternoon. The sun shin~s with summer heat or the rain falls in torrents, but still the stately march of the Passion Play goes forward. The morning sunlight passes rnto the fullness of high noon, and then begins to center towards the west before the end comes. \Ve are led step by step through those last days of patient suffering, and trial through which our Saviour was called to pass, up to the final scene. This is given with the most realistic exactneso;;. This is too painful, too overpowering, certainly for us with our protestant training. But even here the spirit of reverence shown at the beginning was in a peculiar degree manitested. We rise from our seats and wend our way homeward strangely moved. The grand story, this mighty history of that one matchless and wondrous life and death has been portrayed with wonderful vividness. I would never wish agarn to see the Passion .Play a s given in Ober-Ammer Gau, nor would [ have gone probably to see it else where tha,1 in this little mountain village, where for centurie>l it has been represented with an undoubted religious fervor and earnestness, but once to have witnessed it and there, I count among the very greatest privileges of my life. I feel that the few words which I am permit.ted to send, written in the midst of many and pressing duties which claim my attention, can give scarcely anything approaching a connected idea of the Passion Play. But they may, poor and hasty as they are, ltad some to read more in reference to this most unique celebration. There hHs been much written and well in reference to it. That it has done much, very much good-l have no shadow of doubt. That there are those to whom on the other hirnd all such representations are painful and displeasing I am aware and would for their opinion feel great and sincere r.espect. That which may move and stir one to more earnest thought, may be a source of difficulty to another oftentimes. Here at least I may be permitted to give the words of one who found in this representation reason rather for sincere thankfulness than an occasion for criticism. " Who has taught these simple minds this correct comprehension, this tenderness of feeling which is so evident in all their roles? This harmony, which does not detract from the glorious picture of the Redeemer as we believe on Him, but enables us to find in that maltreated innocence, in that reviled Holines-s, the ideal so deeply impressed on our hearts? It is that pure enthusiasm of believing minds, love of God and of eternal truth that has inspired the villagers in their labors. Having once witnessed the Passion Play, we no longer look upon it as an interesting relic of the distant past out of keeping with the times, lingerina on a threatened existence, but as upon the most marvelous and elevated dramatic exhibition of our epoch, and the perfection of the religious drama. Indeed, one can almost believe in witnessing- the Play that he sees Christ descended to earth once more, preaching amid the sunny hills and valleys of Judea, living over the sad yet glorious events of His life among the men who misunderstood, persecuted and brutally pushed out of existence, -that life in whose sacrifice is hid the mystery of redemption and reconciliation." There is for us all who believe on Him, who is the Saviour of the world, (and who is there who can be so strangely unmoved by the glory and beauty of His Life and Death as to refuse the tribute of sincere and loving belief?) the joy and comfort of the thought that He still lives to comtort and to bless. As truly to-day He is near to us-as to those who felt the grace and blessing of His p~rsonal presence. lt is not the story of a dead hero which is told through the centuries of missionary effort in the service of cathedrals, and from the pulpits girdling now the world, &culptured in marble, and sung in hymns or embalmed in the treasur~d and sacred writings of great and holy men, but that of a still living and sympathizing Friend and Snviour. "Jesus I What once Thou wast, Forever more Thon art : Each moment of the sn,:red past Lives in the sacred Heart. " Thy · yesterday ' on earth And thy ' to-day ' above ; '£hy God-head, manhood, death and birth, One through eternal love. " Babe that a mother bore, Child on the mother's knee ; Child for the children evermore, Only the child-like s ee. "The Lamb of God below Mute 'nerith the mortal pain Still on the Throne the Lamb we know, Still 'as it had been slain C " Nailed to the cross of old, We still Thy wounds may greet , Hear Thy' Come hither, and behold' '£he pierced hand and feet . "Yes, all Thon ever wast, For evermore Thon nrt : Each moment of the living past Lives in the loving Heart." FRANK 'vV. DAMON. Halle on the Saale, Prussia, Oct. 3d, 1880. Board, &c., in London, ONE D~i.Y OR LONGER, AT lVIR. AND MRS. BURR'S, 10 . 11 n nd 12, Q,nrcn Sq c1111•(•, '\V. C. "I w,11 mention where you may get a qu,et resting-place in London ln "en.rch of th>it sort of 1hiPg I hav e in my time, wanrlerert into all ~o,ts or hotels and !Joardinv;-hous,•s. llut 1he rattle of the cah~ 11.l<rn~ the pilched-ston,:,1I mads h•~ ever <·ome hetween me anti my re~t. The quietest and nieest plac.that I have as yet discovered within easy reach of the sight:t and sounds of London is Mr. Burr·» lloarding-Ilouse, ll Queen's Squ~re, Bloomsbury. There is 11. home feeling there, a solicl cornfortn.hlene~s, an orderly management, and R quid at night which are 1111 quite refreshing. This la lier quality comes from there being no thoroughfare throu:.rh the Rquare; hut the othor good qualities of the estahtidhmcnt 11re due to the a<lmirahle care nnd attention of Mr. anrl Mrs. Burr,Ci.et-lR."-Chelt•nham Chronicle, May 30th, 1876.-11 Q,uecu•s ::,quare, \V . U, Londou. [Day or louger.J au2 1' ff E In loving Remen.berauce of MRS. MARY HARROD ALLEN, WII,'E OF THE HON. ELISHA HUNT ALLEN . Died at the Residence of lier mothe1·, Mrs. li'rederick Hubb, Bangor, Maine, AUGUS1' 20, 1880. "The Lord 1s my strengh, and my song; a.11d is become my salvation." We improve the earliest opportuni1y afforded us for paying a passing tribute to the late wife of our friend Judge Allen, with whom we have walked life's pathway for a full generation. We can distinctly recall her advent in our island community, her presence in the House of God, and her genial and sympathetic presence in the social life of our Honolulu Society. A gentle Christian spirit added its charm to a mind peculiarly refined by both nature and education. As wife, mother and friend, she adorned the circie in which ·she was called to move, and it is peculiarly pleasant to reca]l her memory and think of her as now numbered among the Redeemed in that Better Land. Her, Christian example, we trust may beckon others forward to leave an equally pure and bright example of Christian gentleness and patience. a::?' Perhaps we owe our readers an apology for so crowding our columns with " European Correspondence" during the past few months, but we cnn assure them that, during the coming year we shall endeavour to fill our columns with more varied matter. NlAltlNb .JUUltNAL. PORT OF HON'OLULU. $. I. ARRI\' A LS. Oct 30-P M S:l City of :--ydney, Di::arborn, 7 <lays and 2 hrs from Sun Fr,mcl~co Nov 1-.1:lk.H W Almy, l!reeman, 16½ <lays from San i'rancisco a-Hk. Discovery, Pcnhallow, 22~ <layti from San Francisco fl-Am tern Hera, \\'heehvright, 46 days fm Ne,v Ca11tle 5-Drig Hazard, Miller, 33 days from Mairike. 9-Gen 1:-icgel 11-Am schr Cl11us 8precl1els, Con,ius, from S Francisco 41 days. via A ptoti 27 vi11. Kalmlui 13-Yacht Lancashire \\ itch, Edlesson, from Hilo 16-Bk Rainier, Wulff, 31 days from Port 1'own'<l 17-Bk Uamden, Cuttler, 2U duys from Port Gamble 18-Bktne Ellu, 'rurner, 13 days from l:ian Fran 19-Bk Coloma, Nuyes, from Pol'tland. 20-Bk John l\I Clerk, Conant, 61 days fm Hongkong 22-P MS t:i City of New York, Seabury, 14 days fm AuckM,nd 2-1-Drig Consuelo, Howard, from San Francisco viii Kuhului 26-Sch Excelsior, Kustel, 18 clays from Sun Frau 28-P M S ::i Australia, Cargill, 7 dys 6 hrs, from S .F 30-Haw schr Waihu, Reynolds 17 dyi, fm Washington Island. Dec 1-Stmr Hochung, Petersen, 20 dys fm Whampoa 3-Brk AmytTurner, Newell, 13tl dys fm Hoston 3-Jenuie Pitts, Sievert, - dys fm Port 1'owm1end IJEPARTURES. Oct 1-P M SS City of S,ydney, Dearhorn, for Sydney Nov 2-Brip: Jno D Spreckele, llau~on, for t:ian ~·ranc;sco 2-lt-8chr Vivid. Cawley, hrnning lslanrls 3-Bk 6eneral Butlt'r, Ryder, for l'ort Tr.wnscnd 4-Uk Hawaii, Whitney, for Jaluit, South ~ea 6-Tupsail W If Meyer~, Jonloa, lor San Francisco 8--Kaluna, .J W Cook, for crui.:1in({ 8-H M 1:lannett. Bourke. for IJal><o 13-U S S Alaska, Hrow:i, for ::lan Francisco la-Bktne Discovery. l't>ahallow, for t:\,1.11 J,'rancieco 16-Whallinl! hrk l'acitic, Kou.vies, for l'amu11a 18-Ilrk Hdtm W Almy, Freeman, for Sau ~'raociHCO 20-Bk Coloma, Noyes, for Hongkong 21-Brit Yacht Lancashire Witch, Elfeldson, for 'rahiti 22-P l\1 S S City of New York, Seabury, for S Fran 23-:'ch Clans Spreckels, Cousins, for San Frau 25-Bk Camden, Cuttler, for Port Townsend 25-llk Martha Rideout, Wickburg, for l'ort Town'd 2;;-Bk Ruiner, Wulff, for Port 'rowusenu 2\l-P MS 8 Austrnlia, Cargill, for Sydney ]Jee :.1-Brktne Ella, Turner, for San Francisco !-Bk J ::,1 Clerk, Williams , for San Fr11.uci3co }~ RI E N D DECEMBER, P ASSKNG ICR!oi, fo'rom Saa Francisco, per Ci1y of Sydney, Ort 30-1\lr 1\- Mrk W i,: "'orster, Mrs W N .l:l.tiley, l\liss S 1) 1'hurHton, Mr~ Mrs G We$t, Mi~s L11mh, l\1n1 Oderkirk, I!: A l'ierce, Miss K Norton, J A. Buck, f,' Ho!(arth, 1\1 r Mn CT liulick, Mrs U C Becktley, M White, J \\illiams and wife, Ii Bradley, ST Corer, ,l Hugtns and wife and 3 ch1ldre11, b' Me_yer, .J Madison, A Randolph, E Eoenng, Johu Williama, C Gertz, 28 in stterage and 161 in tran11itu. J,'or 8.vdney, per City of Sydney, Or.t 30-1\lr Coop, :Mr C R ::lmitb, H. Montague, l\hs Lishman. From ~an Francisco, per Discovery, Nov 4- \V .J Peters & wifo. WT l.>orter, W Ll l,awreuce, F 8 Dod,\l"e, W C Love, 0 H MP.rrill, M H Barton, J I~ Jordan, U H Chase. R Lishman, D Jenner, J H Sheak, .laM O'Brien, H A. Fraser, J W J Potter. ~•or Ran Francisco, per W H Meyer, Nov 6-A Deschowi1z. 1\1 W 1\1 (.;huwey, B C11ssin & Son, For Jalnit, per Hawuii, Nov 2-H Gro1.<ser, J Pease. For San Francisco, per J D Spreckels, Nov 1 -Ed Mcinerny, L 'l'oussait. :For Fannings Island, per Vi;,id, Nov I-Frank Sutton, Geo G1·eig, Ilenry Hobbs, Mini (w). From San Frunclsco, per H W Almy, Nov I-Mrs Delia Cuddy, Mr and Mrs McIntosh, Mr anJ Mrs C J Prescott, John M Oat, DB Foster, Mrs T W Eckley, ~lra JD De la Fuente and children, Mr and Mrs W B Parker and child, G W Hook, J"ohn Tavell, Mrs S ·Black, N Burnham, J A l\ledill, John Kimbell, F Finn, George Luproil, Manuel Cervantes, John Burrows, Jacinto Gouzaley, R Ynla. For San Francisco, per H W Almy, Nov lct-E Every, ,T W Melander, Perry Pearce, F Barne.r d andrwife, Mrs Stella Black, l!' Wade. From Port Gamble, per Camden, Nov 17-Chas Nelson. From San ·Francisco, per Ella, Nov 18-Otts Friedlander, A Ellis, U Poppovich, Mrs Freel .Hall, H Natter, John Jones, H Goldstein, G J Gaeger, John Burke, John Rice, A Holstrom, John Kelly, EL Batten, W Edwards, Antonio Lookwal, EH Farley, and 4 Portuguese. .From Sydney, per City of New York, Nov 22-Mrs J Webb, WP Webb, LeonnrdFWebb, Percy Webb, Edward P Webb, Eleanor Webb, Kathleen Webb, W Trescott, Miss· Bray, W Smith, Jas l\IcGliveby, John Anderson, wife and children, P O'Niel, ancl 76 passengers .in transitu. For San Francisco, per City of Naw York, Nov 22-l\Iiss A F Johnson, W B Parker wife and son, Miss Hessie Dickson. Miss Gedge, Mis Clara .Fuller, Mrs J A Magoon, George Harley, Mrs C U Harris, W C Love, J Weir, D Noonan, F Mccoppin wife and child, Miss Mccoppin, Sir Thos Hesketh, W B Murrey, Mr Waldvogel, Mrs D Noonan, Misses Mekee, A De Clairmont, RS Johnson, J C Crowell, .J C Smith, John Farrell, W Cook, J H O'Brien, G Middlewood, J B Stevens, John Lucas, I Ehrenberg, Jno Grace, F B Scresovitch. For San Francisco, per Claus Spreckels, Nov 23-A E Kingsman, H Closson. From San Francisco, per Excelsiot·, Nov 26-]' B Vernon, FL Purvis, J Mayer, J F Smith, 0 .Brandt, F Simpson, Mrs M Gillin, EA Gurney, W Stien, J Robinson, Ah Youem. For Australia., per Australia, Nov 27 --MrR Pfluger, child, and servant, .J T Anmdel, H Joss, Thos Gaslaur. From Sau Francisco, per Australia, Nov 29-D K Fyfe, and daughter, Miss Everett, H Morrison, W P Poler, F ,T Lowrey, J\Ir 1md Mrs Coleman, Henry N Wilson, Miss Wilkes, Miss Allen. 1\Ir and Mrs Crosby, Chas ll WellB, and wife, Rev S C Damon and wife, Emile Kruse. Dr T P 'risdale, l\IiR8 ED Low, .Mr and Mrs Colby, G W Coffey, 0 Omia, Mr nnd Mrs Hopper, C T East-man, H E Simmous, AH !-\pencer, ,J Rubenstein, W N Armstrong, A Ehlers. MrR ,J B Artherton Rnd daughter, CE Coville, G W Smith, :Mr and MrR A H Smith, Mrs A Otto, Mrs C Briggemann, E P Bnkei:, CJ Garden, Judge l\IcCully, W V Butterfield. P N Makee, T C Porter, 0 D Allen, S Gentry, Mrs C Lewis, J '1' Wright. and 38 Chinese. :From Canton, per Hochung, Dec 1-MrR D Copeland. Miss Clothilde Copel1111d, and 486 Chinese, including 10 women, aud 1 l'hild. For ~r,u Frnudsco, per Ella, Dec 3-F.H Swanton. ,Jas R Kilday, Jas O'B1·ie11. For San Franci~co, per John l\I Clerk, Dec 3-Joseph l\feyer, George Carter, D .B Foster. From Boston, per Amy Turner, Dec 8-L V Briggs, James Mattoon. From Johnson's Island, per Waiehn. Nov 30-Capt HS Comstock, W H Foye. C Roberts. and 11 native laborerR. 1 8 8 0. 93 EDITOR ABROAD.-No. 9. The sojourn of two or three days in each of the following cities-Dresden, Prague, Vienna, Saltzburg-enabled us, by the aid of Baedeker's "Guide Book" and other sources of information, to obtain something more than a mere tourist's knowledge of those cities, and the countries of which they are important centres. The months of July an<l August were most favorable for beholding these countries when the rich and golden harvest-fields were swarming with laborers, gathering in their abundant crops. At least one-third of all the laborers in Saxony, Bohemia, Austria, and Bavaria were females. Many of them were engaged in labors the most onerous and fatiguing. We saw many females mowing and pitching hay upon the carts, a~ well as engaged in the lighter parts of harvesting. Perhaps we might have been somewhat reconciled to this outdoor female labor on the ground of ner.essity during tr.le busy season of summer-harvesting if we had not met, in country and city, hundreds and thousands of stalwart soldiers marching and counter-marching, and paradrng in their bright uniforms, or mounted, many of them on their fiery cavalry horses. We could not but infer that in these times of peace at least two millions out ·o f the four millions of the standing armies of Europe should be in thP. fields helping and aiding their weary and toil-worn mothers, wives, and sisters in the downright hard work of the farm. No matter who suffers, the policy of the great monarchical Governments of Europe absolutely demands that the standing armies must be kept in the very highest degree of efficiency, all "armed to the teeth,'' and ready for action. The warelement attracts the tourist's attention in all the circles of European society and government which seems to be deplored on account. of its enormous cost, but which is deemed ns essentially necessary, while mankind and nation~ remain what they are. On pflssing through Bavaria, we were glad of the opportunity of spending a week in Munich. Although Bavaria has be-en at one time attached to Austria, and at another to Germany. and never classed among the DIED. great Powers, yet historically it is an inPETERSON-At the Telephone Station, Diamond Head, teresting nation. It has played no unimOahu, on the 9th inst., l\IALIKA, the beloved wife of portant part in the political and military John Peterson. Yomrn.-In this city on the 26th inst., PETER YOUNG affairs of Europe during the last six hundrP-d KAEO, aged 44 years. and more years. Its M useurns and Picture Galleries are among the most rich and valuable of Europe. During the last one Commercial & Statistical hundred years there is one man standing conspicuously among those aiming to adorn, beautify, and improve Bavaria, but especially And Tourists' Q-uide, Munich, who deserves mention. We refer NOW READY FOR DELIVERY. to the American, Count Rumford. It surely is not a little noteworthy and strange that a PRICE, $3.00. man born in a country to\.vn of old MassaIJ:7 l;niversally com wended and eodo1·ijed by the flRwaiia.n and Californ;a Press, the public of California and the chusetts, during colonial days, should have Hawaiian l,ilamls. Contains over 750 pages; 10 Splendid found his way to Bavaria, become a high Lithographs, portrait11 or His Majesty, King Kalaka.ua I, aud Her ~fajesty, Q 1een Kapiolani. Map of Honolulu, full descrip- officer of the Crown, and, while thus honored, tion of all the hlamls, with complete Guide to 'l'ourist11, Laws should have initiated national and city or the Kingdom, Leii-emls, Anecdotes, &c., &c. u 'l'he l'ublic will plea!e tnke notice that the Publisher of reforms and improvements which render his this Uirectory will forward Copies to the United St'ltes, Great Britain, and the Uriti,;h Colonies, Postage Paid, oa receipt of name to-day as conspicuous as that of almost $3, the price of the lluuk, Adrlrcss tt:e Puhlisher, any name in the historical annals of the G 1<.;o. BOU'S~R & CO., P. O. Box 17:.!. 21 l\lerchanl St., Honululu, H. I. nation. We fancy some of our readers would THE HAWAIIAN KINGDOM DIRECTORY 1 94 'fHE FRIEND, DECEJIBER, 1880. be pleased to learn something more nbout Sandwich Lslands during the la~t few years. Count Rumford, alias Benjamin Thompson. Other missionaries have gone to Afrirn and He was born in 'vVoburn M 8 ssachusetts, lndia, whose record is most praiseworthy. in 1753. In the early stag~s of the revoluFrom Basle we visited. Zurich, Mt. Rigi, tionary struggle be was a strong p ,itriot, but Lucerne, Berne, Lau~anne and . Geneva. subsequently changed his politics and be- The few days spen~ amid the ?eautiful lakes came an officer of the British Army, with and _grand mountai~s of_ Switzerland, form the rank of a Major. On the surrender of I a bnght and charm_rng picture on_ the tablet Boston he took the news to England. Sub- of our mem,ory, which we trust will never _b_e sequently he returned to America, but be- effaced. 1 be weather was_such as to facihing restless returned to Europe and became tate the rambles of tourists and we do a Minister of the Bavarian Court. Under not wonder that thousands and tens of thouhis direction and suggestion many improve- sands of h~alth seeker~ and plrnsure-lo~~rs ments were made in ::ind about Munich. forsake theu homes amid the crowded cities Among them the old fortifications of the city of En~land and Germany, arco1~panied by were removed 1 and what is now stvled the not a few from over the A tlant1c to spend English Garde n, was laid out and i~proved. a few ~eeks amid the valleys and mountains He removed the cemetries outside cf the of Switzerland. At one noted p)a·ce of recity and established a Central Cemetery, sort. Interlake~, we lear~e_d that at least 40,which is now much visited and admired. 000 would tb1s season v1s1t that place alone. His improvements extended to clothing and It is from this place of beautiful resort feeding the army, improving tbe condition a~ong the lakes and _mou~ta111s that a_ nde of the poor, suggesting improvements in 01 a c~uple of ho~rs will b'.ing the tourist to cooking and actually estn blished houses for a . v_entable ~lpm~ Glacier_. It w;i~ our feeding the poor, some of which, with modi- prmlege to visit th1_s spot, high up arno~g fications still exist. In scientific matters he the Alps, where bright, green fields are rn was a second Benjamin Franklin. So much in ~lose proximity to an immense . g_laci~r, esteemed ,,.·as his memory by a late Kina of which for ages has been slowly malnng Jts Bavaria, that a public monurr1ent and Sl;tue way to the valley below. The tour_ist co~ld have been erected in the city, the one in the stand and almost touch. the rnountam_ of ice English Garden and the other in front of the w1th one hand and pick flowers with _the National Museum. It is not a little remark- other. A grotto has been actually cut rnto able amid so manv ,monuments and sta- the solid ice, which mlly be entered, and the tue:s in hor.or of Kings, Artists and Digni- dense mass up pears as clear as c~ystal. taries of the Church, to meet with this monBut we must hasten on our Journey and ument and statue to a son of New England. leaving the deligh,tf~l scenes. high up a?1ong 1n consequense of political revolutions dur. the A_lps, _w_here Swiss pea::;ants ~well rn all ing the wars of Napoleon when Bavaria sqf- the s1mplic1ty whereo~ we read rn books of fered so fearfully, Count Rumford left the tra~els, and take a sail on the lake, about Kingdom and returned to England, where which Byron once wrote-h,=! became Vice-President of the Roval t,o•· L;ikP LPman wooA mt1 with its crystal fact>." ciety of England, and assisted in its estabBut we do not believe the poet had ever Jishment. He published various works on seen the lake under more favorable circurnthe qualities of beat, copies of which were stances than it was our privilege to view it pointed out to us in the Royal Library of on Saturday, August Heth. We spent the Munich. He subsequently retired to bis es- previous night at Lausaune. a city rich rn tate, in the neighborhood of Anteuil, in its historical associations, and fully freightf'd France, where be died in 1814. We would with stirring incidents in eccesiastical histomerely 'add that his title as Count was con- ry. There it was that Calvin and Farel ferred by the King of Bavana, but instead took their stand for tbe doctrines of the Reof attaching to his name some European formation, as Luther had previously done in city or estate, he chose the term KuMFORD, Germany, only they made no half way work which belongs to a small villiage or country of breaking away trom the Romish Ulrnrch. place in New Hamp:'hire, where, we believe, A t. Lausanne · noble men in subsequent years he taught school in his youth. If we mis- have lived and nobly contented for the retake not, by his will, be endowed a Profes- formed doctrines. But we were saying that sorship at Harvard University. There is Lake Leman was wooing us, and after much in the iife of Benjamin Thomson. both viewing "Chillon," so touchingly described interesting and instructive. by Byron in his "Prisoner of Cbillon," we ThP wee I< we spent in Munich was fully embarked upon "its crystal waters," and occupied, and if space allowed we should for several hours skirted its hilly shores, gladly comment upon much we there met vine-clad to their summits, and dotted with with to admire and study, and leaving that beautiful villages-from the centre of each rose region we entered the Republic of Switzer- a church spire. The smooth 3,nd glassy waters land, passing through Lindau, crossing Lake of the lake, mirrored on the rig-ht the Jura Constance, we vi~ited a city of that name mountains with their '' misty shroud," and where Huss, the Martyr, was burnt in 1415. on the left "the joyous Alps." We passed Hnrrying forward to Basle we visited the Vevey, stepping ashore to visit some Arnericelebrated Mission School, from whence can friends, and re-embarking, we passed • Foreign Missionaries go to India, Africa and La.µsanne, Cop pet, and other villages once China. Among the photographes of mis- the residences of those renowned in historysionaries who have there graduated, as we Gibbon, Byron, Madame de Stael, Rousseau, saw them in their Museum, we were pleased Voltaire, Calvin, D'Aubigne, and many to notice that of the Rev. R. Lechler, now others whose fame has rendered the shores laboring so successfully in Hongkong, Chi- of Lake Leman, renowned in histnric na, and from under whose able teaching so annals. many Christian Chinese have come to the A Sabbath in Geneva we had been looking ·1 forward to with interest. The evening shadows had !alien upon the city ere our little steamer entered the harbor, but we soon were snugly lodged in one of the numerous hotels looking out upon the lake. It is literally a city of hotels, for great is the number of rnmmer excursionists visiting this part of the world. We found ourselves obeying the call of the ' great bc~ll of the Cathedral on Sabbath morning, for we were anxious to worship in the edifice where Calvin preached and lectured, and otherwise carried forward the almost crushing and Herculian burden of the Reformation. The Cathedral pulpit is now orcupied by the Protestant ministers of the Established Church. The edifice has been handsomely restored during later ye, rs-of course no pictures or crucifixes are to be seen within its walls, as in all Catholic churches. The services were conducted after the usual form of Congregational or Presbyterian order. We regret we could not understand the sermon in French, but were tolJ that it was orthodox that morning, although some in the Cathedral-pulpit are very rationalistic in their utterances. After leaving the Cathedral, we found our way to the American chapel, supplied by the Rev. Dr. Stevens, of the MethodistEpiscopal Church, whose history of Methodism is so well known. His pulrit was occupied on this occasion by a young American Baptist minister, now ::,tudying in Europe, but pastor of the American chapel in Dresden. We do not hPsitate to remark that on t-his occasion the young man (the Rev. J. F. Genug), preached a most eloquent and admirable discourse, taking for his text the ,,ords of the Apostle Paul in his Epistle to the Galatians: "Wherefore the law was our schoolmaster to bring us unto Cbri~t, that we might be justified by faith." vVe only wish it was in our po,,1 er to reproduce that sermon in the pages of 1'/ie Friend. It ,,ms really one of the most logical expositions of the nature of the Law of God, and esperially the Mosaic Law, that we ever listened to, showing most clearly the nature of law as man's rule of obedience in the early stages of man 1s existence; but bow, 1n Christ, law met with its highest and noblest development. We learned that the young man was studying to fill some professorship in the United States, and most confidently can we congratulate any seminary which may secure his :services. It w exceedingly gratifying in this old city of Geneva, so intimately associated with Calvin ·s teaching, to hear a pure gospel so ably set forth and defended by a young theologian from our native land. It is common, in ~orne quarters, to utter remarks depreciating the doctrines of the Bible as explained by Calvin, but let no oue imagine that Calvan ism in a modified form bas died out of the Church of Christ. Some may criticise the rhetoric, but still there is a grand fundamental trnth underlying the following utterance of the Rev. .Joseph Cook, the celebrated lecturer of Boston: "Plymouth Rock is a piece of granite broken off the Alps at Geneva. When "'ere they thrown up? There was an hour on Calvary when the sun muffled his face at noon, and the rocks were rent, and then were thrown up the Alps, off which Plymouth Rock was broken." Paris, France, August 25, 1880. FRIEND, DECEMBER, 95 1 8 8 0. ========================================--========================================================================= AD VER TISEM.ENTS. Places of Worsnip. SAILORS' HOME! S. C. Damon. Chaplain. ONl<'Et::flO~ER\' . BY P. Mcl-'IEH.NY. 71, F,1rt street, above Hotel ijtreet. King ~t.reet, near tlw Sail1Jrs' Home. Pn~aching C · Constantly on hand, an a~sortment the hest French ancl SEAMEN ' S B1:<,THEL---Rt'V. at l'i .A. M. Seats free. ::::labbatll Scll,10! before ttw morning service. Prayer meetini on W tldoeeday evenrngs at 7½ o'clock. W. Frear. Pastor, Preaching and 7½ P. M. Sabbath FoR'I.' S'rREET CHUI{CH--Rev. cornn· ot Fort and 1Jeretan1a strePts. on Sundays at 11 School at 10 A. M. .A. Jlf. ot' C}\lifornian Candie~, made hy the bes~ confectioner~ in the world, and these he offer8 for sale at Trade or Retail l'rices. 1y w. G. l R \VIN CO., &, Commission Me1·chants. Plantation and Insurance Agents, Honolulu, H. I. KAWAIAH.-1.0 C1rnRCH--Rev. H. H. Parker. Pastor, Co •• &. King street, above tbe Palace. Sl'l'Vices in Ha'\-V • PEIR<JE wafom every S11nd ,1y at 11 A. 111. Sabbath school (Snccesors to U. L. Richart.ls & Co.) at 10 A. M. ·Ev1·ning- services at 7½ u'clucl<. alterShip Chandlors and General Commission Mernating with Kanmakapili. District meetings in chants. various chap,+, at 3.30 P. M. Prayer meeting Honolulu, Oahu, Hawaiian Islands. every Wednn;d,iy at 7½ P. M. RoMAN CATHOLIC CHUHCH - -Undet· the charge of Agents P1rnloa Salt Works, Bra1ul's Bomb Lances, Rt. Rev. Bi~hop l\faigret, ass istt->d by Rev. Father Autl Pc1·1•y Davi1,1' Pain Killc1·. Hermann; Fort strel't. near Beretania. Services every Snuday at 10 A. IIL and :l P. M. P. ADAMS. KAUMAKAPILI CHuRcn--Rev. M. Knaea. Pastor, Beretania stre e t. near Nmurnn. Services in Ha.!J.uction' and Commission Merchant, Fire-Proof St.ore, in Robinson's lluilding, Queen Str~et. waiia.n every Sunday at IO½ A. 111. 8abbatb school at ~)½ A, 11,r. EvPaing services at 7½ o'clock. alterH O F F M .\. N N , M • D •, nating with lLiwaiahao. Prayer meeting every Wednesday at 7~ P. M. Physician and Surgeon, 'l'rrn ANGLICA.'I CHUIWH--Bisbop. the Rt. Rev. Al- Corner Merchant and Kaahumunu Streets, near the Post Office fred Willis. D. D.; Clergy. Rev. Rob:t Dnnn, M.A., R1w. Alex. Mackintosh. St. Audrew's Temporary LEW.l!:RS & DICKSON. Cathedral, Bt•rPtauia street. opr,o~ite the Howl. Dealers in Lumbei· and Building Materials, English sPnicPs on Snnda_ys at li½ a.ud 11 A. ;\L. and Fort Street, Honolulu, H. I. 2! and 7½ P. M. Sunday School at tbe Clergy Honse at 10 .\.. 111. A. E. E THOS. C. THRUM, STATIONERY AND NEWS DEPOT, For Sale at Sailors' Home Depository. l\GLISH A.ND CHINli_;s~ LE~SONS. Hy Rev. A. W. Loomi~. Published by American Tract Society. Price 75c. $8.00 per Dozen. c• B R E \V R - -------- & . C O .• Commission and Skipping Merchants, J Honolulu, Oanu, II. I. O H S. M c G R E \,V , .M . D ., Late Surgeon U. S. Army, -Can be consulted at his residence on Hotel street, between Alakea and Fort streets. A. 1.i. SM !'I'll~ IMPORTER & DEALER IN JEWELRY, No. l t, l"1ea·cbant Stl'ect, -- B, Ji:, WHITNEY (ly] •--• P LIFE INSURANCE CO. Thirty-fourth Annual Report l ASSETS (Cm•h) ...... ............ .. $38,O00,00o ANNUAL INCOME.............. 8,000,000 CASH SURPLUS.................. '7,000,000 General Agents. J. W, ROBERTSON Importers and Dealers in Foreign Books, STATIONERY &. PERIODICALS. UBl,ISHEllS OF THE HAWA[IAN GUIDI!: .BOOK, . Jarves' History of th e Hawaiian Islands, Hawaiian l'hrnse Book, Hawaiian Grammar, Andrews' Hawaiian Grammar, Hawaiia.n llictionary, Cha.rt of the Hawaiian Islands. Special Agent for the Hawaiian Islands. THE ONLY COMPANY THE HAWAIIAN HOTEL, -A.GENTS OF- Packets, New Jjlngland Mutual Lif~ Insuraµce Company, 'l 'fhe Union Marine Insurance Company, San Francisco, ,HE REGULAR PORTLAND LINE OF The The 'l 'he The Kohala Sugar Company, Haiku Sugar Uompany, Hamakua Sugar Company, Waiaiua Sugar Plantation, Th<! Wheeler & Wilson Sewing- Machine Company, Dr. Jayne & Sons Celebrated Family Medicines. NOTICE TO SHIP MASTERS. DILLINGHAM & CO., No. 37 Ifort Street, KEEP A FINE ASSORTMENT OF Goods Suitable for Trade. S HJP GOODSFOR'".J"'~ADE And Sell Cheaper than any other Rouse in the ~ingdom. DILLINGHAM & CO. TREG .L OAN'S IMPROVE• , .,. a large First-Class Establishment. Where Gentlemen can find a BISHOP St CO,, BANKERS, · Chosen with great care, as to style, and adapted to this climate. Having had an extensive experience in connection with some of the largest importing houses in New Y:ork atJd Phil:i.rlt•lphia, I can assure my cusloniers that they will not only 11ecure the TUE BANK OF CUIFORNU, SAN FRANCISCO, The BEST FITTINC CARMENTS U SU AL LI FE RATES • oNoLuLu. HAWAHAN 1sLANDs. DRAW l<JXCHANGE ON AND THEIR AGENTS IN - .lucklnud. THE ORIENTA(, BA.NK CORPORATION, LONDON, - . MASTERS VISITING THIS PORT during the last Six Year11 can iestify from persoqal eic• perience that the undersigned keep the best assortmen~ of An Endoffrment Policy Well-selected Stock of Goods, - A ' r THE- - · tf TONTI NE Merchant Tailo1·ing ESTABLISHMENT, INVESTMENT Corner Fort and Hotel Streets. ~!1t~ !leJf!n~J?o~h~ff~~tetf}/lz:;!: POLICIES. I C;/0~1~ 1m Ne,v l' ol'I,, ments requisite for carrying on a first-cla,s llotel. GENERAL MERCHANDISE --NEW-- fl H DIPORTERS AND DEALERS IN OPEN ALSO, ON JJ:AND, . ALLEN HERBERT, PROPRIETOR, CASTLE & COOKE THAT ISSUES BEING PRA.CTICALLY OTHER BOOKS ON THE ISLA NOS. AS .A LL THIG MODERN Honolulu. C. O. BERGER, WHITNEY & ROBERTSON, (Successot·s to H. M. Whitney), P • H. HACKFELD & CO., TERMS STRICTLY CASH - - -- ·-- - - - • ACKAGES 01.<' READING MATTER-OF Papers and Magazines, back numbers-put up to order at reduced rates for parties going to sea. ly King's Combination Spectacles, Glass anrl late1I Ware, Sewing Machines, Picture Frames, Vases, D rackets, etc. etc. No. 73, Fort St. • ED. DUNSCOMBE • Honol11l11, January 1. 18,5. .Manager. AND THEIR BRANCHES IN - Hon"°l,ong, Sydney, an(j . Me.lbo11rne. And Transact a General Banking Buliiness;· · apl9 80 Very•Best Materials bu~ will also obtain at my place that can be turned out ot any establi~hment in the .1£askrn cities. English Huntuig Pantaloons ! -AND- LADIES' RIDING HABITS MADE A SPECIALITY. Children's Suits, in 'E astern Styles, W. TREGLOA.N, Honolulu. Jjmmg ltm s oLYristian issotiation of Jjonolulu. 1 Pure 'religion and undefiled befo1·e God, the Father, is this: To vi~lt thefatherlest5 and widows in their ajftiction, and to keep one's. self unspottedfi'om the world. THIS PAG'4~ IS Edited by a Committee of the Y, M. C. A, 'fhe Y. M. C. A. meets the third Thursday of every month, at the Lyceum, for business and discussion. All interested in Y. M.. C. A. work are cordially invited to attend. LIST OF OFFICERS AND STANDING COl\EIII'rTEES OF THE Y. III. C. A. President. Dr. J. 111. Whitney ; Vice President, E. C. Damon; Secretary, W. A. Kinney; Treasurer, C. A. Peterson. Reading Room Committee- -E. Dnnscombe. Editor-Wm. R. Castle, Eclitor of the 8th page of The Friend for this quarttlr. · Chine1,e Mission Committee-Rev. S. C. Damon, H. Waterhouse, J.B. Atherton, Rev. C. M. Hyde. Entertainment Co11Jmittee-William 0. 8mith, •r. H. Davies. Employment Committce-S. B. Dole, E. Dunscombe, B. F. Dillingham. Committee to Visit the Hospital and Prison-G. C. Lees, E. Demp1;ie, W.W. Hall, Dr. V. l\L Hyde. Committee of Early Meeting at Port-street Church-Dr. J.M. Whitney, G. C. Lees. W A Convention or _the Colle~e Youn~ l\len 's Christian A11sociution of the United States was held in October this _year at New Brum1wick, N. Y. The special obiect of the meeting, which was in session four days, was to consider tl1e relations of those bodies to the foreign mis!lionary work. The results o:Jtained arc moRt important and inspmng. But an extract from the report will be of most interest to readers: "As a rc1mlt of the proceedings an later-Seminary ).fo,siunury Alliance was formed, committees were chosen to carry forward the work, and another Convention was appointed to meet in Allegheny city, Pa., in October, 1881.- The infiuences of this movement cannot be over-estimated. There will dou!!>tless be such a turning to mission fields as has not been witnessed sinca the days of the apostles, and those men who do not go will have missionary churches at home. Two hundred and fif'ty students from thirty-two seminaries in the United States and Canada! These are picked men from a band of three thousand studen'ts in one hundred seminaries, who represent the highest intellectual and spiritual culture. The members of that Convention will preach during their ministerial caretrs in at least 2,000 cburche11 to half a million of people . Only eternity can reveal the inf1uence they will exert in behalf of missions. gTbe following note, tn.ken from the Montr.ea1 Y. M. C. A. 'll publication is so good in it11 suggestions, and ar,plies so well here, that it is in~erted in full :-" To members: How many young men have you influenced to become members of the association during this year? Many removals from the city, on account of business changes, have taken place, which ha.s effected our strength numerically. If each member, however, were only to take this matter to heart, a much larger accession would be made monthly than is now recorded, and thus the usefulness of the association increased. At this season especially, when many strangers are coming to the city, let our members be on the alert. The committee have provided books ,ontaining ' proposition blanks' which can 6e obtained from the secretary. Call and get one, aod see how many names you can send for next month. The membership fee ie only $1.00, which is within the reach of all." Gr Young men, what are you ~oin~ to do about thei,e crowds of your fello\VH coming into the country? The steamer of the last of the month brought a lat·ge number-some for bu!'!iness, some for travel, and not a few pc1·:ions to settle. They come, lookin~ for empiloyment on plantations, in stores, as grnziers. Most of' them are not bad ; on the other hand, their inclinations am to do well, to be honest, to e11tablish a place for themselves in&. new country which they might not obtain in an old. They need, and will receive kindly, plea1mnt sugl!e11tions, invitittloos, to place1:1 of reputable re1:1ort, to church, into society. Are we doing what we ougl-it in thitl behalr '! Can we not do more-do it better, and with whole-souled energy? - - -- - - - - - - - Sir The Y. M. C. A. "Monthly Nutes ,. iti the title of a .monthly publication of the aHt10ciatiuns of Grea.t Britain, t1l'lidti from much i11teresting information regarding tlJe variout1 a1:1sociations and their work, it cont11.ins an exceedingly interetltmg series or Bible t1tudie11. Probably at no time 1Ja11 the Bible been the object of so much intelligent and earnetit study as ~o-day, and anyt,hing throwing ligbt on the 11ubject will be read with mteretlt. The Bible i11 a wonderful book! Some of the very arguments used by jesters and unbelievers, to the mtelligent people !:!peak wost strongly in its favor. The advent of the revised Bible will be watched with intense interest. ---=================== WA note from the lfadem, N. Y., branch of the Y. M. C. A., 1:,ays, that a reading-room is to be opened there, and a1:,k1:1 for a copy of tbe FaIFND. A reading-room at that point will have a broad field for usefulness, eHpecially on Sundays, when that suburb is thronged with pleasure-seekers f'rom the near city. Some who would otherwise be at boat and other races may be induced to spend their Sanday afternoon there, rather than on the river hank, or in some beer garden. The FRIEND will be i,;ent. (l19 Mr. Joseph Cook, the Bmiton lecturer, wa,1,1 tendered a reception by the Y. l\I. C. A. in London. The occasion was marked by the attendance of representative men from many liHanches of Ohri1:1tian Wol'k. Mr. Cook delivertid a courtle of lectureti in England and Scotland, which wus attended by !urge numbers who were deeply interettted and attracted by the words and arguments of the thoughtful B,istonian. California might learn a lellson in ma11ner1:1 from this English recepttou. Gr The Young Men's Chr1!:!tian AsRociation of New South Wales has recently established a journal, which indicateR active work in that quurter of the world. 'In an item t"peakin~ of what other1:, say of them, it 11ays :-" People generally are 11peaking well of us-we hope is nothin~ wron~. •• How would it do to have !:!Orne one speak well of us ? _.. The most pres1:1in~ need of the age is a multiplication of grand and holy men-not lopsided and skeleton profes1-1or1:1, but men developed on all sides l.'!f their character; men whoso pP.sfil7 This little page is read by members of sions are regulated by rea1mn, whose reaHon jH associationtJ in many pa1·ts of the world. Now, influenced by conscience, and whose conl!cience brother!! in other lands, when you know or hear is governed by supremo love to God. of young people coming to Honolulu or other THE CHINESE CHURCH.-Tbe congregation for parttl of the Hawaiian {t,ilands, will you not make it a special point to furnish such young people which the Chinese Church bas been erected was orwith letters to the president or othet· officers of ganized iit the time of the meeting of the Hawaiian Evangelical Alliance two years ago on nn application the Honolulu Y. l\l. 0. A ? Fur the prel:!ent from tbit·ty seven Chrisrian Chinese who presel!terl yee.r, ending in April, 188L, Dr. J. 1\1 . Whitney their dismisPory p:tpers, shewing them to hav(1 been iR the president, and he will give tl~ew all a most memhers of Congregational or Presbyter-ian Churches iu other countries Since that time the numher of hearty welcome, and see that they are introduced Church memhers h,is somewhat incre11i.ed, and beto Christian hrother1:1, and into good associations. sides a body of between forty and fifty in Houolulu there are a number scattered through the Islands. Do not forgot t,bis. That they already possesH a building like that now so nearly completed is in a gre11t measure due to the s,- The September number of the '' Monthly liberality, and zeal in their be If, of Mr. J. T. Notes ·• conta1ns:a fine diagram of Exeter Hall, in WA.terhou;e, wh.i headed a subscription list with London, witb the proposed clrnngel:! to iLdapt it fo1· $500, and promised a like sum in addition for every $1.000 the members of the Churoh raised among the u1:1e of reli~ious societie1:1-and particularly for themselves. They have zealously helped themselves the Young Men's Chrititian Associittion. Ct will and have consequently found others ready to help be provided withflet1ture and class rooms, parlor, t.hem. The lot upon which the new uuilding ie erected was purchased for $4,500, and the church dinit?g and cotfee rooms, besides other conitself has cost about $5,700. In order that the proveniencies. perty may be legally held hy and secured to the in perpetuity for the purposes to which g- Rev. Dr. (this means Father) Damon congregation it is ahout to be consecrated, th~ congregRtion has returned home from his extended tour by the been incorporated. Tbe board of Trustees consists steamer of Sunday, the 28th ultimo. Everyone of ten members, half of whom are Chinese. 'l'he will rejoice to see his familiar face, and hear the org,llliziitioo of the Charch is complete. They hue well-known hearty tone of his kind voice. Our their own pnstor, Mr. Sit l\1oon, their own deacon!!I association welcome his return with the and their own confession of F!\ith which is bR@ed upon that of the Presbyterian Churoh.-P. (]. A. heartiest satisfaction. will Gr 'lwo editions of the revised translation of the New Testament will be published during the Fall, in J!~ngland . The one from the Oxford press, will be the text ad~pted b~ the revisers, while the other from Cambndge, will be the commonly received text, with foot-notes giving the changes adopted by the revi•er_11. _.. We are happy to welcome home from their Earopean travPI. Rev. Dr. and Mrs. Damon. They have visited the several fatherlands nnrJi>r the happiest auspicPs ; and thPy return with greatly imprnved health~ ~nd laden with treasures derived from pleasant observalion. to a wide circle ; as w\qe as the Arcbipel~g-0 1 of warmly attache~ frieqd!!.-P, 0. 4 ,