Publication Type |
report |
Research Institute |
Institute for Clean and Secure Energy (ICSE) |
Author |
Coburn, T. T.; Droege, M. W.; Mallon, R. G. |
Title |
Conversion of hydrocarbon gases to liquid in the fluidized bed retort |
Date |
1987-06-12 |
Description |
A free radical steady-state mechanism has been developed to explain qualitative and quantitative aspects of the generation of hydrocarbon gases in the solid-recycle fluidized bed retort. The mechanism relies on what is known about butane cracking. The 1- and 2-butyl free radicals have been studied as representative intermediates responsible for the light gases: methane, ethane, ethylene, and propylene. The ratio of these gases formed from oil shale retorting exactly matches the ratio obtained from pyrolysis of n-butane and supports a butane-like cracking mechanism. In a variety of fluidized bed retorting experiments conducted with Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory's (LLNL) two-ton-per-day retort, free radical precursors of the hydrocarbon gases come to a steady state that efficiently equilibrates intermediates. Steady state is established rapidly without need for a gas recycle. Analogous reactions are possible for the entire homologous series of free radicals; as a result, the retort operator has considerable flexibility in choosing the nature of hydrocarbon products. A steady-state mechanism, in which alkenes convert precursors of gaseous hydrocarbons to liquid product, offers insight that can be used to obtain higher oil yields. |
Type |
Text |
Publisher |
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory |
Language |
eng |
Bibliographic Citation |
Coburn, T. T., Droege, M. W., & Mallon, R. G. (1987). Conversion of hydrocarbon gases to liquid in the fluidized bed retort. UCRL-96741, rev. 1. |
Rights Management |
(c)Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory |
Format Medium |
application/pdf |
Format Extent |
119,619 bytes |
Identifier |
ir-eua/id/2708 |
Source |
DSpace at ICSE |
ARK |
ark:/87278/s6mp82cs |
Setname |
ir_eua |
ID |
213871 |
Reference URL |
https://collections.lib.utah.edu/ark:/87278/s6mp82cs |