Friend, 1944-11

Published by the Rev. Samuel Chenery Damon from 1845 to 1885, The Friend focused on temperance and Christian mission to seamen. It began as a monthly newspaper that included news from both American and English newspapers, and gradually expanded to adding announcements of upcoming events, reprints of sermons, poetry, local news, editorials, ship arrivals and departures and a listing of marriages and deaths. From 1885 through 1887, it was co-edited by the Revs. Cruzan and Oggel. The editorship then passed to Rev. Sereno Bishop, who held the post until the publication of the paper fell under the auspices of the Board of the Hawaiian Evangelical Association in April of 1902 where it remained until June 1954. Since then, it has continued in a different format under the Hawaii Conference-United Church of Christ up to the present day, making it the oldest existing newspaper in the Pacific. Note that there are some irregularities in the numbering of individual issues, so that two issues may have the same volume and number, but different dates will distinguish them.

G The Friend November, 1944 THE FRIEND VOL. CXIV HONOLULU, HAWAll, NOVEMBER, 1944 No. 11 Mr. Modernous Does Some Thinking The Hawaiian Board is the Executive Board of Hawaiian Evangelical Association. The constitu• tion of the Evangelical Association in Article VII establishes this relationship in the following words: ..This Association shall appoint an Executive Board, to be denorpinated the Board of the Hawaiian Evangelical Association." In thac same article the duties of the Hawaiian Board are defined as .. to take charge of the Home Missions on these Hawaiian Islands, including Christian education, publication and evangelization." Vol. CXIV November, 1944 Number 11 Page Mr. Modernous Does Some Thinking-Editorial (continued).................... 1 Fellowship of Those Who Care.................................................................. 4 Report of Committee for War Victims and Services.................................. 5 Report on the National Council Meeting-George Chang.. ...................... 8 Woman's Board of Missions for the Pacific Islands .................................... 11 Tenth Anniversary ................................................ ........... ... ... . .................. 14 Christian Education .................................................................................. 15 Bible Study ........................ ........................................... ....... ......... ............. 17 Statement on Religious Liberty.................................................... ~·············22 THE FRIEND Editor, J. Leslie Dunstan, Ph.D. Associate Editor, Florence H. Macintyre Translator, Ret•. Simeon Nawaa Business Office, Theodore Ing Published each month by the Board of the Hawaiian Evangelical Association, 550 S. King St., Honolulu. Entered October 27, 1902, at the post office, Honolulu, Hawaii, as second class matter, under Act of Con&ress of March 3, 1879. Subscription price, THE FRIEND, 25c per year. (Continued) * The first thing Walden Modernous knew Sunday morning had come again and he was getting ready to go to church. That thought struck him as he stood shaving. A moment later, he almost laughed out loud, because the thought was so funny. He knew he had been conscious all week long. He had really done quite a piece of work. And he began to go back over it all day by day. He remembered how busy he had been ; two evenings he had brought papers home in his brief case and had sat quietly in the corner of the bedroom finishing up some things he had not had time to do during the day. He remembered that he had not been able to leave his desk for a good chat with the other men in the lounge room. Usually he could do that once in a while. It was kind of fun to gossip and talk about the higher ups in the firm and about what was happening. But there had not been time the past week. A steady stream of business matters had come his way, and he had taken care of all of them. He remembered that he had felt a little pleased with himself on one or two occasions when he had seemed to have handled a matter with special efficiency. And he remembered the time when the big boss from upstairs had sat on the corner of his desk and joked with him as one man to another. Almost unconsciously he reached up into the bathroom cabinet and took down the after-shaving lotion. Mechanically he shook some out into his hand and rubbed it on his face. It stung in spots as it always did. Of course, the week had been a good one and he had done a good job as he always did. What happened to make him so suddenly aware of Sunday. He was no different than he had been during the past days. Yet he was different, but he couldn't explain how. It was as though there were a whole blank between-well, between what. Back he went again, and suddenly the idea struck him. He and his wife had gone over to the Smiths. They had sat a while and talked, the four of them. Mrs. Smith, Helen, had heard some story or the other about the goings on out at the defense workers' housing and she had told it. It had been a nasty tale all right, but he had not quite believed it and he had decided at the time that it was none of his business. And then they had played the new record the Smiths had managed to buy ; it was a piece of music, a concerto they called it, by a man named Rachmaninoff. The women had exclaimed over it and said a lot of complimentary things about the piano playing. Even Henry Smith had joined in. For himself he had not been able to get anything out of it at all; to him it was just a lot of sound. But at least the visit had been fun and it had made him forget; that was it, for just before they had gone out he had been thinking. And that was the place where the blank began. Only it wasn't a blank, because he knew just what he had been doing all the while in between, or almost all the while. Yet there was something different. Then he felt different, and he did again right now. Then, he was trying to figure something out, and now, he was so conscious that the day was Sunday and he was going to church. They parked the car and walked up the large stone steps. The organ was playing; his friends were there, just as they always were. It was good to see them ; sort of made one feel at home. They walked down the aisle and into their usual seat. It was nice to realize that no matter who was ushering they saw to it that the place he liked was kept empty. Once a new man had been on the job and he had not known, for he had put someone else in their seats. Not that they were reserved, but that it was just understood that the Modernous family always had the same place. He had straightened that out rather quickly with a good straight talk to the new man ; it had never happened again. The service began. Walden could not sing, but he always opened the book at the right place and stood when the others did. He didn't 2 see what the singing was all about and as far as he was concerned they might just as well not do it. Or at least that's what he thought sometimes. Other times it made everything seem right. Then the prayer of confession, " ... we have erred and strayed like lost sheep. We have followed too much the devices and desires ... " On and on it went, and he said it with the others. Back in his mind somewhere he silently muttered "silly". He knew he wasn't a lost sheep, and as for devices and desires, of course he followed them. Why shouldn't he, for while he did not know what devices meant, he was quite sure his desires were all right. He supposed it was correct to go on saying the prayer, even though he was not certain about it. Perhaps it belonged in church. He thought this way every Sunday, so it didn't make any difference anyway. He got up with the others and read the black lines of the Psalm. He did not pay any attention to that. The service went on and he started thinking about his string beans. He could not figure out why they were not growing. Rust, the man down at the seed shop had told him, but the stuff he had put on them had not done a bit of good. They just would not get started growing. He liked string beans; all cut up the sliced way his wife did them ; someone from England had showed her how ; and when they were served hot with lots of butter he enjoyed them. This year he would have to buy from the store, he supposed, and then he would be pulling strings out of his teeth. He brought himself back again, for there was the preacher up in the pulpit. "The text for the morning . . ." same voice, same old way. Well, it was nice to have it that way. He did not go much for the new ideas. He remembered that young preacher from the Seminary. He had just started without any text or anything and that had been upsetting. Ministers ought to do the thing right or not do it at all. He knew that a sermon started with a text or else it was not a sermon. It was The Friend good that their man did things as he not know you had met him until it was too should. late. He would have you by the back of "When the unclean spirit is gone out of the neck; or maybe devils did not handle a man, he walketh through dry places, people that way. What an absurd world seeking rest, and finding none. Then saith it must have been when people thought all he, I will return into my house from that. How much better to live now, whence I came out, and when he is come, when .. . he findeth it empty, swept and garnished. " ... can understand the imagery of the So he taketh with him seven other spirits story. It was thought that devils lived in more wicked than himself and they enter the desert. To the minds of the people in in and dwell there." Jesus' day the great territory lying along The preacher read the text again and their borders, the territory of sand and Walden Modernous found himself listen- heat and wind and absence of water, was ,ing. Apparently the preacher was going a fearsome place. While they were able to to take the passage seriously. "This say- cross it, not many of them had ever done ing of Jesus is recorded for us in both the so. They knew that it was dangerous to Gospel according to Matthew and the life and of no value whatsoever. So that Gospel according to Luke. There is thus played a part in the picture Jesus has good reason for us to suppose that it had given us in our text. The people of Jesus' a place in the memories of those who had day were also familiar with a man known been with Jesus during his life or of those as an exorcist. Such a man traveled who had listened to him on some occa- throughout the country and earned his livsions. We do not know when Jesus said ing by driving devils out of people, All these words or under what circumstances, forms of sickness were thought to be for in our records they are mixed with a caused by devils, and a man who was able number of other sayings to which they are to cure sickness was said to be able to renot related. Someone must have heard move devils. And that well understood them and remembered them. _Then as time practice also played a part in the words of went on they were given a place in the the text. Now we can state the matter in story of Jesus' life. another way. An exorcist has removed a "We can start by realizing that in the devil 'from a man. The devil having nominds and lives of the early Christian where else to go, wanders out to the desert people these words had deep significance. which is its home and there tries to find a We in our day may have difficulty under- place to rest. But there ... " standing them, for we are not accustomed Poor devil, wandering around like that, to think in the category of devils ... " thought Walden Modernous. Wandering Wal den's mind went wandering off. about in all that heat, up over one sand Fool, he thought, of course we do not have dune and down in the next valley, up the any devils. There are none. And the next sand dune and down in the next valquicker we leave those passages out that ley, up the next sand dune and clown the have things to say about devils the better ... his wife's elbow. He wished she would off we shall be. Imagine people trying to not poke quite so hard. After all, he was live with the idea that there were devils. not really asleep, he was just following How awful it must have been. Why! You that devil across the desert. might go around a corner some day and " ... psychology teaches us now that the find one right there staring you in the words of Jesus, outmoded though they face. Not quite that, because devils were are, really expressed a truth of human exspirits and you cannot see spirits. But that perience. We today no longer think of makes it worse. You would go around a devils, but we know that men are often corner and meet a devil and you would (Continued on Page 29) November, 1944 Report of Committee for War Victims and Services * (Contributors to the fund for War Victims and Services through the Committee for this work appointed by the General Council of the Congregational Christian Churches in 1940 will be interested in the following excerpts from the Committee's report presented at the meeting of the General Council in Grand Rapids in June of this year.) The Fellowship of Those Who Care * Occasionally Dr. Goodsell is asked to recommend some form of prayer which can· be suitably used in intercession for those who represent the American Board in full time Christian service at home and abroad. "During these days we are thinking of our dear ones-men, boys and young women-in the armed services with difficult assignments far ·and near. We are mindful of their service to our country and of our duties on the home front. In all our concern we cherish a great ideal for America, and as churchmen we are increasingly aware of the part which the Christian Church and Community in America must play in the new America and the new world which we are building. Here is a prayer for America which is said to have been offered by George Washington over 150 years ago. It contains fitting petitions for our own perplexing days: "Almighty God, who has given us this good land for our heritage, we humbly beseech thee, that we may always prove ourselves a people mindful of thy favor and glad to do thy will. Bless our land with honorable industry, sound learning and pure manners. Save us from violence, discord and confusion; from pride and arrogance, and from every evil way. Defend our liberties, and fashion into one united people the multitudes brought hither out of many kindreds and tongues. Endue with the spirit of wisdom those to whom in thy name we entrust the authority of government, that there may be peace and justice at home, and that through obedience to thy law, we may show forth thy praise among the nations of the earth. In the time of prosperity fill our hearts with thankfulness, and in the day of trouble, suffer not our trust in thee to fail ; all of which we ask through Jesus Christ our Lord. Amen." 4 The Friend As global war continues, the Committee for War Victims and Services continues to serve the Congregational Christian churches as a channel for help to needy war victims, as an aid to chaplains and to churches in areas critically affected by the war, and other emergency situations. In April, 1942, we reported to you contributions totalling $178,120.75 .... Since that date, $628,856.06 in additional funds has been contributed by 2,651 Congregational Christian churches, a grand total of $806,976.81. Approximately one-fourth of the funds contributed by the churches have been designated for special purposes, largely relief. The undesignated funds contributed, your Executive Committee has tried faithfully to distribute according to its original pledge; on the basis of the best available knowledge of the greatest emergency need .... Listed below are the uses made of the money, the agencies through which the services were rendered and the amounts sent forward since April, 1942. Through Congregational Christian Agencies: To assist the 375 Congregational Christian chaplains in this country, on transport duty, and overseas, in their work with November, 1944 service men and women ; making possible contact with home churches, providing communion sets and religious literature, and a variety of needed articles as well as small emergency allowances ; through the General Council and its Commission on Evangelism and Devotional Life . $31,443.27. For student refugee aid in China; for emergency operation of Ingtai Orphanage in China; for families of Chinese Christian workers killed by the enemy; for hospitality for American service men in China and in India; for the services of Tracy Strong, Jr. in Switzerland, and Kendrick Grobel in Lisbon; through the War Emergency Committee of the American Board ... $33,747.01. To serve young men and women in uniform and war industrial workers through local churches in 109 critical areas, for additional personnel, entertainment, equipment and supplies ; also for 34 interdenominational war emergency projects; through the War Emergency Work Department of the Board of Home Missions ... $101,617.67. For the services of our representative to the World Council of Churches; through the General Council ... $5,924.58. 5 For aid to evacuated children and children in bombed areas of Great Britain; for family relief, for temporary church repairs ; and for services to American and Allied soldiers ; through the Congregational Union of England and Wales ... $16,606.17. The newly created Service Committee of the Council for Social Action on J anuary 1, 1944, took over the administration of our work in Great Britain. Since that time there has been sent forward . . . $1,858.99. For a sewing and knitting program of more than 100,000 garments for children in Greece, Russia, Yugoslavia, and England, and for the preliminary organization of the Service Unit for Greece and workers for other areas in Europe ; through the Service Committee of the Council for Social Action ... $9,312.01. For its emergency program for J apanese-Americans in relocation centers, for assistance in resettling families, for scholarships to unusually gifted students, and for Christmas gifts to children in the Japanese-American relocation centers; through the Council for Social Action ... $20,533.85. To provide a home, friendship, vocational rehabilitation and, in most cases, a new start upon a Ii f e of economic independence ; through the Congregational Christian Refugee Guest House at Cummington, Mass . . . . $4,285.00. For individual refugee services, providing transportation from Europe for especially recommended cases and in several instances making possible the completion of vocational courses ... $1,849.88. For the expenses of Congregational Christian young men in Civilian Public Service camps, designated funds only; through the Congregational Christian Committee on Conscientious Objectors . . . $30,549.35. Through Agencies Accredited by the Federal Council of Churches: For services in migration, counselling, vocational advice, retraining and resettle6 • ment both in this country and abroad ; through the American Committee for Christian Refugees ... $18,580.06. For the care and feeding of children in France until the occupation in October, 1942; and since that time for work with refugee children in North Africa and Switzerland ; and most recently for the operation of canteens for starving children in India; through the American Friends Service Committee ... $26,549.37. For food, clothing, medical aid and other services made available in twelve European countries through the Geneva office of the Central Bureau for Interchurch Aid ... $15,371.89. For the relief which Christian missionaries working in the fifteen provinces of free China can bring to its impoverished and starving people ; through the Church Committee for China Relief . . . $109,395.87. For assistance to the 120 destitute missions cut off from their home churches in Europe; through the International Missionary Council ... $8,595.88. To offset the evils of enforced idleness by organizing worship services and classes for handiwork, etc., for the 6,000,000 war prisoners ; through the War Prisoners Aid Committee of the Y.M.C.A. . . . $17,001.64. To help women war prisoners, women war workers, and women in the services; through the World Emergency Fund of the Y.W.C.A .... $8,034.23. To provide relief, counselling and training for refugee students in prison and in internment camps ; through the World Student Service Fund ( our representative, Tracy Strong, Jr.) ... $500.00. For replacing, in 34 languages, untold numbers of copies of the Bible destroyed by war, and for supplying them to war prisoners and refugees; through the American Bible Society ... $2,779.53. Through Other Agencies: To relieve the serious famine conditions in Greece when it was no longer possible to send assistance through AmerThe Friend ican Board workers; through the Greek War Relief, Inc. . . . $41,321.11. To supply powdered milk to the children of Russia; through the Congregational Christian Milk Fund for Russian Children administered by Russian War Relief, Inc .... $18,364.05 . To provide relief for refugee children and families in Switzerland and for relief, counselling, and transportation help in Lisbon; through the Unitarian Service Committee ... $15,000.00. To help refugees make adjustments to life in America; through the Newcomers Christian Fellowship .. . $500.00. For transportation and support of Jewish children from occupied Europe to Palestine ; through the Children to Palestine Committee of the Youth Aliyah ... $5,532.00. For famine relief in India through the India Committee of the Foreign Missions Conference ... $1,500.00. Several observations may be made on the basis of the above disbursement of funds. First, the Committee for War Victims and Services has maintained a flexibility of operation which has made it possible to dispatch your help as emergency situations have developed with the spread of war and its horror. Secondly, it has channeled during the past biennium an increasing share of its relief funds through our own Congregational Christian agencies. Our four Boards have been quick to respond to the challenge of the war emergency situation, recognizing in the world's fearful physical necessity a great spiritual obligation and opportunity. Thirdly, the people of the Congregational Churches appreciate, as evidenced by their growing support, the opportunity provided by the Committee "to go into all the world" with Christ's healing and in His name. The regular and dependable source ( Continued on Page 28) The foregoing report of amounts allocated to the various relief organizations and services may be more easily comprehended if broken down and translated into the approximate number of cents spent on them for each dollar contributed. To give this picture we list some of the larger amounts in this way.-EnrToR. For every dollar you gave, this much was sent to the following: Congregational Chaplains ··········-·-···--·-·· ·-··-···--····----·------------·-·--·-··----·--····----· 3¾ cents Aid in China .................................. ·------- ----·-.. --·----· -- ---- ---·--- ----- --·-·------·--·-- ---- --- 4 " War workers and emergency projects ··---------·------- --- ---------·-·-·-.. ·---·-------- ---- 12 Evacuated children, etc.-Great Britain ...... --·---- ------- -------- -----·----·-------- --·---- 2,½ " Garments for children in Europe ................ ---- ---- -·---------- -----------·--·--- ---------· 1,½ " Japanese Americans in Relocation areas ...... __ . ___ ______ .. ____ ____ ____ ____ __ ___ ___ .. ___ _. ___ 2¾ Men in public service camps ....................... _.. __ ___ __ ___ ___ _____ ___ ____ _____ __ ·.. ··--·----···· 3,½ " Feeding refugee children (Friends Service) --·----- ·-------- -- --- ---- ------- ---·------ --- 3 Clothing and medical aid in Europe .. --------- --···-------- -------------------- -- ---- -- ---- ---· 2 China-Relief in famine areas ··------------------- -------- -- ------- ------------- ----------- -------- 14,½ War prisoners aid-Y.M.C.A. ·····------- ---·----·-------- -- ---- ------ ---- -----·----·--------- -·--- 2 Women prisoners, etc.-Y.W.C.A. ·--··--·-·---·-··--- -- ---- --- -···--·------ ·---·•--·--·-- ----- - 1 Greek War Relief ·------------------------------······--- ----- --- ---- -- ~-- --------------------- -- ----- ----- 5 Milk Fund for children --·---·-·---··----------------- -------- ·------·----------·-----·-·-·-·--------·--- 2,½ " Refugee children and families-Europe ---------~------ -·--------·--- -----------------·------ 2 Jewish children .............................. ___ ___ __ -_- __...... --- -_--·---- -------·-·-·-_-----·---- -· -· ---·---- 1 " Note: The Committee's report to the Hawaiian Board covering the first five months for 1944 gives the total amount contributed from Hawaii as $4,236.81 during that period. November, 1944 7 Report on the National Council Meeting By George Chang * Wednesday, June 21 "All aboard!" shouted the conductor as the train began slowly to leave Chicago en route to Grand Rapids, Michigan. Sitting very cozily in a warm and comfortable seat I was soon engaged in the task of re-reading the preparatory material that was sent me. Indeed, I felt it quite an honor bestowed upon me to be representing Hawaii in this conference and thus, it was with thoughts of deep appreciation and gratitude and also of great anxiety and enthusiasm that I look forward to being there. At 4: 30 P.M. Central War Time I arrived at Grand Rapids. Registering at the First (Park) Congregational Church was a slow and tedious task as the place was packed. The total number of people attending this conference as I discovered later was approximately 1,660. Nevertheless, within an hour I was registered. I was again highly honored for I found that I was to reside as a guest in the home of Rev. Harold T. Janes, the associate pastor of the church previously mentioned. At 7 : 30 we were led in the evening worship by the Minister of the General Council. A sermon by the Moderator stressing the need for expansion of the churches came next. Communion services were then held. It was conducted by the Minister who was assisted by the Chaplain, Rev. Walter Amos Morgan of Massachusetts. By 9 the meeting was over, whereupon, Rev. Janes then took me to his home where I spent another hour of 8 fellowship with my hospitable host and his wife before retiring. Thursday, June 22 Milk, coffee, toast, eggs, bacon composed the most satisfying and filling breakfast which was prepared by Mrs. Janes with little Gwendolyn and Deborah helping in serving it. It has indeed been a joy thus far to have come to know "Gwen," "Debby," and the rest. Mrs. Janes' cooking ability, I presume, should also be mentioned in that last sentence for certainly the many breakfasts she prepared were "tops" with me. At church this morning I felt as though I was at school studying medieval history again for the discussions and business meeting far exceeded my understanding of the Congregational work. A presentation of a few amendments to the constitution of the General Council of the Congregational Churches in the U.S.A. was made. Had I understood this constitution ( as yet, I do not fully understand it) I would perhaps be able to relate what specific changes were made aside of other minor changes in wording. Before proceeding any further I shall apologetically withhold much of the business matter of this conference for fear of misrepresenting the facts. Reports were being read for three long hours. Rev. Oliver K. Black mentioned the Layman's part in church as very essential for growth. Said he, "-every other person is not a member of any church .... " The Friend The need for active laymen was evident. Suggestions of planning the year and the years ahead were given by Rev. W. Ernest Collins and Rev. Frederick L. Fagley. Rev. Easton gave a report on the Christus Victor movement, which is "an effort to recapture the historic and traditional Christian faith, which we believe has been greatly dissipated by the acids of modernity. . . ." (Quoted from "What is Christus Victor?" by William A. Spurrier and Sherwood Eliot Wirt.) Despite the fact that special meetings were held very little besides heated discussions was accomplished. Dinner time was indeed a welcomed hour for it not only satisfied a hungry stomach but also offered a period of relaxation which I so greatly desired while sitting in the church for those three long hours. After dinner we proceeded to various seminar groups. At this time it would be wise to mention that along with the General Council meeting there was also a meeting of the National Student Assembly. This assembly was composed of fifty-five students representing at least thirty-seven colleges and universities. The Assembly met from 2: 30 to 5: 30 P.M. Of this three-hour period, an hour and a half was set aside for talks and discussion by competent leaders with groups I f Again- w~:~:;;::: i Kanaana Hou Church-the first Christian group at the Leper Settlement. If at F or f or t y years an d more we have been sen d'mg -boxes-made possible by your checks-to our friends there. ( Let's Do It Again! Address: Hawaiian Board, P.O. Box 150 Honolulu 10 Hawaii ' .. ~:~• i J KALAUPAPA I f:11. Friday, June 23 Dawn arrived in its majestic beauty revitalizing once again the city of Grand Rapids. It was an especially wonderful morning after having experienced, last night, a most severe thunder-storm, such as I have never witnessed in all my years in Hawaii. Adding to the beauty of the morning were the ever-pleasant smiles of Gwen and Debby. At the church today there were reports as usual. The chairman of the American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions presented a necrology of active and former missionaries and also of its honorary members who have passed away since the last annual meeting held in Cambridge, Mass. The reports of the Prudential Com- We acknowledge our Christian ties to { J participating. The remainder of the time was devoted to seminar groups. In the evening a service of dedication for those who shared themselves a~d their gifts for the cause of Christ throughout the world was held. An address, "Congregationalism in Latin America," followed. The need for Protestant ministers and missionaries in Latin America was stated. At the conclusion of the meeting I spent a short time in fellowship with th_e many ministers and students. .,, '.' •. '.' November, 1944 •,• •,• '.' '.' ... •: '.' '.' '•' " '.' •• ' I •• •• •• " • " ,, • • iI i Ij ..' J » ~' :~ mittee were very interesting as it sought to lay upon the hearts of young men and women a sense of personal responsibility for the future work of the Board, especially in the important period that will follow the war. The seeds that have been sown throughout this wide world and especially in the South Pacific area have yielded much fruit. The statements by chaplains and enlisted men of their experiences in the islands of the Pacific in their contacts with Christian groups resulting from the work of the missionaries of the American Board and other agencies through past decades confirms this report. Dr. Frank C. Laubach, whom many of you have heard speak at Kokokahi, was mentioned as having attained splendid results among the Moro people. Grave problems in war-torn areas were cited. The Board's two important colleges in Greece, which have probably been stripped of their apparatus and furniture since they have been occupied as military headquarters by the armies of Hitler, were ref erred to as a present problem of relief and reconstruction. In Africa, Turkey, India, etc., similar and graver problems exist. The reports of this committee were brought to an end with a challenge for greater missionary spirit among the people. Noon brought about a surprise for I had the great honor of meeting Rev. and Mrs. Galen Weaver who have just recently left the Islands. They were very courteous and kind and it certainly felt good to meet someone from Hawaii again. At 5 P.M. Professor Reinhold Niebuhr of the Union Theological Seminary lectured on "Man's Ability to Corrupt and Create a Community." The evening service was a blessing for me as the messages delivered were centered around the theme, "The Church in the Post-War World." Rev. Robbins Strong, -who returned from China on the second tepatriation ship, the Gripsholm, vividly related the cries of the Chinese peope in China for help and for sacrifice. 10 Miss Eleanor Wilson, a returned missionary of the Micronesian Islands, reported on the way the Lord has worked wonders for the natives. She stated incidents where natives who were sincere and devout Christians gave their lives rather than to yield their precious book, the Bible, to the enemy. The "kalachebam" or singing sermon was demonstrated by Rev. Emmons E. White who returned less than a month ago from Manamadura, India. He sang, accompanied by snappers and a drum. Everyone enjoyed this very much. A colorful commissioning service for Miss Saise Hibbard, nurse appointed to Tl!rkey, concluded the evening service. Saturday, June 24 Saturday ... and with but a few hours' sleep last night I was again ·at the church listening to the various reports of other Boards and Committees. There was a report of the Committee of One Hundred for the International Congregational Council and the report of the Unit Plan· which proceeded that of the National Committee for Army and Navy Chaplains. "This (latter) committee, appointed by the Executive Committee, is charged with the responsibility of recruiting our fair share of chaplains; supplying them with materials needed for their work not furnished by the Government ; providing opportunities for fellowship and conferences ; standing by them when in trouble ; giving attention to their families as needs arise; assisting them to find employment when they return to civilian life. An additional task is advising and assisting candidates for the V-12 program for education of prospective Chaplains." To date we have 446 Congregational ministers in the chaplaincy. The National Student Assembly meeting held at noon was very interesting and helpful. Robert Mackie, who is the General Secretary of the World's Student Christian Federation, led many of the ( Continued on Page 23) The Friend Woman's Board of Missions For the Pacific Islands * Gratitude "The best things are nearest; breath in your nostrils, light in your eyes, flowers at your feet, duties at your hand, the path of God just before you." Embellished by the stories, which have been handed down through the years, the traditional modern celebrations and the commercial advertising focused on the event, we are prone to think of the first Thanksgiving as a sumptuous feast replete with many of the accessories which mark our own observance of the day. After the pitifully bitter struggle against almost overwhelming odds it was natural for the Early Americans to express their gratitude for material comforts; food (most of which we moderns would look upon with disdain), shelter ( it fell far short of present standards) ; and a degree of safety from the Indians ( we in Honolulu know that feeling of relief when a new day dawns safe and clear). To the material blessings was added that great gift, Freedom, which made the hardships fade into insignificance. Truly that first Thanksgiving was a day of gratitude. Today football games, cornfed turkeys and cranberry sauce spell Thanksgiving for many of us and the real and original basis for this traditional American festival is overshadowed by the celebration itself. As we commemorate the third Thanksgiving season in wartime let us rediscover the practice of expressing our gratitude and thus revitalize the true meaning of Thanks Giving. The Psalmist said "Oh that men would praise the Lord for his goodness and for his wonderful gifts to the children of men." Many times he exhorted "Oh give thanks unto the Lord." Truly he knew that by giving thanks for the blessings which come to us we learn to feel and express our gratitude more freely. By the very act of saying "We thank thee, oh Father" we draw near to Goel and become a part of His Divine Presence. The sturdy Pilgrim .Fathers paused in their beautiful Indian Summer to offer their prayers of thanksgiving. Surrounded by the beauty, which so truly expresses God's love for mankind, let us, too, make this a sacred and joyous day of Thanksgiving. Let us enter into his presence with gratitude for the rich blessings he has bestowed upon us. "Father of mankind, who givest to thy creatures all things richly to enjo\ ! What can we render thee for all the abounding blessings that crown our lives ! What canst thou do but give, ~hat can we do but rec~ive, since all we can _offer is already\ hine own. Thou hast given the earth to the children of men. We give thanks and pi'aise November, 1944 \ for the coming and going of day and night, for the march of the seasons, for the ever repeated miracle of growth by which all creatures are fed. We give thanks for the countless common benefits and comforts of every day and night: for the flowers of human kindness that spring along the path: for the law of commandments which teaches that we are thy servants : for the gospel of love which assures us that we are thy children."-Amen. * Extension Committee Meets here impetus to thought and even to meditation. The cozy home of Mr. and Mrs. E. C. Friendly Service projects for the year Webster was the setting of the first Ex- were suggested to us by Mrs. Webster, tension committee meeting this year. Mrs. who finds great joy in doing things for Peter Huyler, co-chairman, promptly at other people. She first spoke of the pleasten o'clock called the group to order with ant task of shopping for the Kalaupapa a word of welcome. Christmas Box and how some of the Mrs. M. W. Mumma, past President of things desired by friends there were not the Board and devotional leader at this procurable in the stores today. For this meeting, shared with us an experience · reason many of these garments could be which had come to her and Mr. Mumma made by some of the women in our about ten years ago when at a workers' churches. Mrs. Webster spoke of the oneconference on the mainland, they asked a piece night garments and the pretty bedquestion of E. Stanley Jones. The ques- jackets that all women love to wear and tion was, "When and how can we take the pin-ball that had its origin some years the promises of God?" Mr. Jones' reply ago when Mother Judd used to give them was, "When you cut loose at the center." to her friends at Christmas time. She Mrs. Mumma went on to say that very mentioned a few other articles of wearing shortly after that came an invitation to apparel that she felt certain the women Rev. Mr. Mumma to do pastoral work in could make, thus sharing in a missionary one of the churches in Honolulu. Since project at home. then they have had various interpretations Mrs. H. H. Warner, chairman of the of the Promises of God. Honolulu Council of Church Women, anMrs. Allen Hackett, chairman of the nounced the calendar of events for all • Missionary Education Committee, com- church women beginning with the World mented briefly on the Missionary Institute Community Day which is observed on which was held in September and referred November 3, Friday by local and national her listeners to the October FRIEND for a councils; the World Day of Prayer on more complete account of it. the first Friday in Lent and May FellowSince one of the functions of the Exten- ship Day on the first Friday in May. She sion Committee is to encourage and rec- also spoke of the Honolulu World Comommend daily devotional reading, Miss munity Day program as being planned by Alice Cary of the Church of the Cross- Mrs. Webster and members of her comroads r e·c o rn mended "Every Day a mittee. Prayer," which is a modern manual for The meeting was closed with prayer by personal devotion by Margueritte Har- Mrs. Huyler. A delicious luncheon was mon Bro. The book is designed for aver- served to the women on the lanai where age people from sixteen to sixty and over. nature in all her beauty and grandeur beThe spohisticates who are allergic to de- came a part of this gathering of Christian votionals of the usual type will discover friends numbering sixteen in all.-D.P.C. 12 The Friend World Community Day World Community Day, launched in 1943, became one of the greatest adventures in Christian unity yet attempted by church women. So significant was the day that the United Council of Church Women voted to make the first Friday in N ovember, World Community Day. The committee in making plans for this day felt that we must not get away from "The Price of Enduring Peace," for peace is bought with a price, for we cannot bomb our way into brotherhood. So the program this year will emphasize "The Price of Enduring Peace" with special reference to "The Economic Price of E n du r i n g Peace." The Thank~Offering At the April meeting of the Executive Committee of the Woman's Board in 1943 it was approved "to establish a season of Thank-offerings from the Annual Meeting in June through Thanksgiving Day." This recommendation was voted to be a project of the Woman's Board at the Annual Meeting in June, 1943. It was the culmination of a long-time dream of Mrs. Horace Leavitt, who served so faithfully as Extension and Friendly Service Chairman of the Board. This Thank-offering is to be used for projects in the Territory of Hawaii. The Thank-offering for 1943 amounted to $126.35 and was sent to assist in the work of Rev. and Mrs. Theo. Chinen at Honomu Christian Church on the Island of Hawaii. It is hoped Thank-offerings for 1944 will come in from all the Woman's Board branches throughout the Territory to the treasurer, Mrs. R. G. Moore, Box 150, Honolulu 10, after Thanksgiving Day. These will be used to meet some need in the Territory determined by the Executive Committee. "Come near and bring ... thank-offerings into the house of Jehovah."-II Chronicles 29: 31. November, 1944 Christmas at Kalaupapa Once again the appeal goes out to support the Kalaupapa Christmas celebration. Money gifts will come in as they always have. But this year the committee in charge has felt that there were many who could make no cash donation but whose own Christmas joy would be the sweeter for sharing some of the work of their hands with those "who walk alone" at Kalaupapa. And so the women in our Oahu churches were asked if they cared to make some of the desired gifts which are not procurable in the stores today. The response was so warm and immediate that a box of useful and beautiful and personal Christmas gifts is assured for our friends in the Kanaana Hou Church. · If there are others who care to help, information as to materials and patterns may be obtained from Mrs. Bertha S. Wilson of the Hawaiian Board. The box must be packed the first week in December so returns should be in before November 30. Missionary Kittens Did you ever hear of kittens changing into cows? Or cows into a wife? Well, that is exactly what has happened in this year of our Lord 1944 ! Would you like to hear the story ? "An S.O.S."-From the Boarders of Lake Victoria in Central Africa there recently came to Hawaii an urgent S.O.S. saying: "Our fine young native evangelist Nyerere sorely needs a wife to help him do his work among the villages." Now no man can get a wife, according to local tribal laws, except by buying her. The young man's father customarily furnishes the 15 cows necessary for the purchase of the girl from her father. The price of that number of cows at present runs about $120 gold. Unfortunately our young evangelist is an orphan and has no father to furnish the cows ! Furthermore the local13 to help. I have a litter of lovely Persian kittens, so I will dedicate my kittens to the buying of African cows that the cows in turn may buy a Christian wife for Nyerere." Surprising to say, the litter of kittens brought just $100. A local C.E. Society made up the other $20 and now· all the money needed has been cabled to Africa. Kittens have been changed to cows and cows to a Christian wife and the good work of the Woman's Board goes on! May this newly founded Christian family become a flaming evangel for Christ in darkest Africa !-E.W. ity has a distressing superstition that no native woman who goes to the Christian church here will ever have a child! It is therefore essential that Nyerere secure an intelligent healthy Christian wife so that their children can break down this awful superstition which so terribly handicaps the work for women and children here ! Such a wife can be found in the Christian Girls' School farther down the Boarders of the Lake. Pray that this need might be met. "The Answer" -A retired member of the Woman's Board heard this S.O.S. and said, "I can think of just one way for me * Tenth Anniversary The Filipino United Church of Honolulu recognized the ten-year pastorate of their minister, the Rev. M. W. Mumma, on Sunday evening, October 1, with a surprise at the Filipino United Center following the C. E. Vespers at the church. The happy occasion had been arranged by the Official Board of the Church under the leadership of Mr. Roland D. Sagum, chairman of the Board of Trustees, and Mr. James Misajon, the church clerk. A most delicious dinner was served under the direction of Mrs. J. 0. Cayaban, chairman, assisted by Mrs. Raymond Bartolome, Mrs. James Misajon and Mrs. Adelino Valentin. Dr. Wm. H. Fry, Superintendent of the Methodist Mission in Hawaii, and Mrs. Fry, Dr. J. Leslie Dunstan, General Secretary of the Hawaiian Board of Missions, Mr. Harold Smith, Hawaii's Field Secretary for Christian Endeavor, and Mr. Walter Nomura, President of the Honolulu City and County C. E. Union, were guests together with a large gathering of church members and friends. Mr. Misajon introduced the guests and Mr. Sagum in the name of the church presented Rev. and Mrs. Mumma each a 14 gold wrist watch. Leis and gifts were also presented from the Church School, the Christian Endeavor Society, Friendship Circle, Trailblazers' Club, Cadena de Amor Club, and friends. Dr. Fry made appropriate remarks and in spite of confusion and surprise, the minister and wife expressed their heartfelt thanks. Mr. Isidro Cacal, deacon of the church, presided over the program arranged by the presidents of the various organizations of the church. The anniversary cake had ten candles. Mr. Adelino Valentin led in a soul-stirring sing-spiration. Miss Consuelo Olivas conducted a blackboard free-hand drawing game. The gathering closed with a friendship circle in which the large group joined hands and sang "Blest Be the Tie that Binds Our Hearts in Christian Love". Mrs. Mumma made the closing prayer. ( September 24th was the fortieth anniversary of the ordination of Rev. Mr. Mumma to the Christian ministry. His service for this time has been continuous, ten years in the Philippines, twenty years in mainland pastorates, and ten years in Hawaii.) The Friend CHRISTIAN EDUCATION * "O Come, Let Us Worship" "What shall we do in the Sunday School Assembly period?" This question is often asked. Almost all of our Sunday Schools in Hawaii are troubled by it. Each Sunday children gather for religious training. They represent all ages, from three- and four-yearolds to ninth graders and high school people. Sometimes adults are also present. There are not enough in each agegroup to meet by themselves for an assembly period. To have all ages join for a twenty- or thirty-minute opening service seems the best way. But what shall we do with those minutes? That question always arises. How can so many different ages be interested in the same thing? The little ones grow restless; the older ones may be bored. Shall we sing some songs? Shall we have someone tell a story? Shall we make announcements? Drill on memory work? Or just wait for everyone to come, then start classes? What shall we do? As we try to solve this problem, let's think first about why we have an assembly period at all: 1. Is it just to "get started"? To get everybody together before we send them to class ? 2. Is it to spend time in teaching the lesson, or another lesson, besides the regular class session ? November, 1944 3. Is it to help everyone become aware of God's presence, and worship him? The third reason should be the real purpose for bringing everyone together. To pass away the time ( the first reason) waiting for people to arrive, is not spending it in the most helpful way. The lesson itself ( the second reason) can be taught more effectively in classes grouped according to age. To worship God-to praise him, talk with him, and let him speak to us-is absolutely necessary to Christian living. All ages can join in worship at the same time; this is a fitting way to begin the Sunday session-for, after all, we want our pupils to know God in every way possible. Let us say, then, that we want the Sunday School assembly period to be a worship service. How do we go about making it that? Merely saying that what we do is a worship service, will not make it become one. You can label a package "bananas" ; but if there are only banana leaves inside the box, the tag doesn't make them become fruit. So the label "Worship Service" doesn't change some announcements and songs into a time when children come into God's presence. What does change an assembly period into a worship service? How deeply children and young people are aware of God, 15 decides. We help them to come closer to him by what we put into the service, and by the way in which we arrange those things. Suppose we think of our worship period as being something like a story. Everything in a story, you know, fits together. A story isn't just a collection of happenings that have nothing to do with each other. It is, instead, a series of events, every one of which ties up with the others·. For instance, if you are telling a story to your Sunday School class, you don't talk a little about Abraham, then mention something about Balaam, and something about Paul, and something about John the Baptist-and call all of those events the Story of Abraham. No indeed. Instead, you may begin with Abraham's journey from Ur, and tell how he came to Palestine, and how he lived in Egypt for a while, and so on. All parts of a good story are linked together by a theme, or main idea. A worship service should be arranged in much the same way. It should not be a collection of some hymns picked out on the spur of the moment, with some announcements put in between, with perhaps a benediction at the end, after you've run out of things to do. Instead, it should be put together like the story ; a series of hymns, devotional thoughts, prayers, and so on, which center around a particular idea or theme. Every item in the program should be there to help the congregation worship God. Suppose we think of our worship service as "A Story in Four Parts": a beginning, a series of events, a climax, and a conclusion. The Beginning is the time when we want everyone to think together in the presence of God, and enter into the service. Sometimes we speak of this as a Call to Worship. For this we may use several different things : A Scripture verse, such as Psalm 100: 1, or Psalm 122: 1. Quiet music, on the piano or organ or violin. 16 A hymn, such as "O Worship the King" or "Joyful, Joyful, We Adore Thee". A Choral Response, sung by a junior choir, or by one group of children. A poem, or the words of a hymn, read as a poem. A prayer, or a prayer-hymn, such as "Father, We Thank Thee for the Night". You will no doubt find still other ways of beginning the service. Use a different thing each Sunday; or use the same thing for a few weeks, then change to a new type of beginning for the next few weeks. Sometimes one class may learn a special Scripture selection to use as the call to worship. This is a good way to make worthwhile use of Bible memory work. The same is true for a new hymn, or song. Or sometimes an individual, adult or child, may give the call to worship. Always practice beforehand, however, so that the service may begin smoothly. Before the Call to Worship is given, the leader should wait for everyone to become quiet and ready to worship. The Series of Events is the name we may give to the longer portion of the service. Other hymns, scripture reading, prayers, special music, the offertory, are some of the things which will be included here. They may come in any order. But each one should lead to the next. They should all deal with the same general idea. If the theme, for example, should be "Trusting God", pick out hymns and scripture whose words speak about that idea. Let the prayer also be along that line. The Climax is the high point of the service. Everything should build toward this. It should be the time when everyone feels especially close to God. Again, there are several different ways of coming to the climax. A talk or story is one way. For the worship service, an inspirational type of story is best-one which will "lead thoughts upward". Sometimes a ( Continued on Page 22) The Friend BIBLE STUDY * I Psalm 18 In our Bible this Psalm has fifty verses. Some of these are additions which badly mar an early poem of great power. It is generally thought today that the original poem is one of the oldest in our possession. As such it has peculiar interest for us. At the outset, then, we shall do two things. ( 1) We shall note the relationship between this Psalm and other parts of the Bible. (2) We shall try to isolate the original poem. ( 1) There is some vivid imagery in verses 7-15. Read how the author describes God's action in the world and note how sure he is of God's power. You will find some of this same imagery in Judges 5: 4, Psalm 97: 2, Isaiah 30: 27. It is also the imagery that runs rather generally through the Old Testament, from the time when Moses and the children of Israel were camped beside Mount Sinai to the day when Isaiah stood in the temple and saw his overpowering vision of God's majesty. Only men who were profoundly impressed with the t1nlimited power of God could use such language. Yet it was the language of our religious heritage. We would do well to ponder it carefully, for even though we may not speak in the same way, we ought to know the experience which prompted the words. (2) First of all we may remark upon the fact that this Psalm appears almost word for word in 2 Samuel 22. We shall not pause to state the significance of this, for to do so would take us too far away from our primary purpose. We shall proceed to list the additions which have been November, 1944 made to the original poem, attempting in each case to show why each is to be considered an addition. (a) Verses 20-23 - This little passage was from the work of a man who believed in legal righteousness. He had done as the law required and was sure that God had rewarded him accordingly. Such an idea, even though it was held at one time in Hebrew history, has no connection with the main theme of the original poem. We shall see this more clearly when we speak of the poem itself. (b) Verses 24-27 - This section opens with a verse that is a repetition of verse 20. The other verses are in the style of a great portion of the book of Proverbs. Look at the resemblance between verse 27 and P rover b s 3 : 34. The section itself is in the form of what is called wisdom literature. (c) Verse 35-It is impossible to know where this verse came from. Yet it is clear that it does not go with the rest of the poem. In the preceding verses David is reporting what God has done for him. He tells of practical things that have made it possible for him to achieve his purposes. Verse 35, however, speaks of abstract religious ideas, which are imagery. Verse 33 reports of speed in running; verse 34 reports of strength of arm. These are actual conditions. "The shield of salvation" in verse 35 is a simile. While we may be perfectly sure of the truth of the ideas 17 expressed in verse 35, we must remove it from the psalm if we are to grasp the full meaning that is in it. ( d) Verses 44-45-This tiny section begins with the words "The strangers shall submit themselves" and continues through the next verse. The reason why this appears to be an addition to the original poem is that it expresses a hostile spirit to foreign nations. No doubt David felt animosity towards his enemies, but there is no reason to suppose he held such a clear antipathy to non-Hebrews. That was a later development in history. (e) Verse 51-Vlhich gives a Messianic interpretation to the whole poem. As such it is obviously an addition. Now read the verses that remain: 2-19, 28-34, 36-42, 43-49, and you will find a very ancient piece of poetry. The one who wrote it held religious ideas that we cannot hold today, for example the ideas expressed in verse 34. Yet underlying that poem is the life of a man who held firmly to God's existence and was quite sure of God's power. He had clearly been through some difficult and trying experiences. Enemies had risen against him, threatening his life and causing him great fear and sorrow. He had defeated those enemies and had come to rule over them. That is, he had been completely victorious. Now it is quite conceivable that many people would have seen their success as a sign of their own ability and cleverness; they would have spoken proudly of their superiority. Not so the poet, for nowhere in his lines do we find any reference to himself. He sings the praises of his God. In this, he continues to speak .for all who with him acknowledge this dependence upon their heavenly ruler. The poem begins with two verses of praise, then continues in verses 4-6 with the statement of the poet's situation, and completes its first section up to verse 20 with a description of God's active power. 18 To the poet, the whole of nature is the scene of God's action. And the God who moves through nature, works to save man. The second section of the poem, composed of the remaining verses, speaks specifically of the ways in which God helped the one who wrote, and ends with a summary statement of praise. The whole is a refined, clear outpouring of a human spirit which feels a deep sense of obligation to God. Psalm 19 This psalm is made up of two poems. As you read, keep them separate. The first is a hymn of praise to God ( verses 1-6). The second is an analysis and appreciation of the law (verses 7-14). We may deal with each one in turn. ( 1) We need to imagine a man who ·loves the natural world and who is deeply moved by its majesty and wonder. As he looks up and out to all that he sees in the heavens and on the earth he hears the universe praising God. To him the whole world is as a great chorus singing in honor of the One who created it. In verse 2 he makes the chorus antiphonal, with one day singing to another, and one night teaching another. And because he is looking at the world he knows that it is all in harmony; one great universal song for one great universal Goel. We know now that the author borrowed verses 5 and 6 from a Babylonian hymn to the sun god. Ezekiel refers to that Babylonian worship and condemns it in chapter 8, verses 15 and 16 of his book. But it does not really matter where our poet found the language he used, for he has turned what he borrowed into a higher channel through his love for his God. It would be good for us, if we could find in our day, our praise to God echoed with overwhelming majesty in the movement of the natural world. Our knowledge of how the world works has blinded the eyes of our imagination. (2) A Christian would not be likely to write this poem, for to him the law has lost its power and significance. But one who appreciated the order and decency The Friend which law can establish when people, m their early enthusiasm for it, obey it whole-heartedly, would do so. And in these lines we have the expression of one who has been moved to praise because of what the law has clone. Note how clearly the author analyzes the law; into law, testimony, statutes, commandments, fear and judgments. Then note how he describes the importance of the law. From our vantage point, it is of interest to see that the writer is aware of the difficulty man has in obeying the law. That which he only sensed, became for St. Paul years later one of the vital experiences leading to his conversion. Even with our understanding of the difference between the psalmist and ourselves in this respect, we can still use the last verse as a heartfelt prayer. It is a timeless expression for the desire of one who would live rightly in God's sight. Psalm 20 One of the strange things about our Bible is that even in passages that belong to a past age one may find little gems of truth. This Psalm is a case in point. In the main it has nothing to say to us, and is not the kind of expression that would be valuable for us. It is a poem written in behalf of a king as he starts out to war. It expresses the hope that God will protect the king and bring him victory because of the sacrifices and offerings the king has made to God. That is quite foreign to our thoughts and to our religious faith. Yet look at verse 7. We would not be without it. It is a clear word of that which we hold to be true. More than that, it is an everlasting reminder to us of the object of our faith. Chariots and horses are supplanted by tanks and planes, yet making that adjustment, the verse rings with profound reality. Psalm 21 This belongs in close relationship to the preceding Psalm. Psalm 20 is, as we remarked, a prayer in behalf of a king as he started out to battle. Psalm 21 is a hymn of thanksgiving when he returned victorious. It is designed for use in the temple November, 1944 as the king offers sacrifice to God for his help in bringing the battle to a successful conclusion. Verses 1-6 are words of thanksgiving, followed by a chorus response in verse 7. Verses 8-12 give expression to the faith that God's help will remain with the king in the future, and they are followed by another chorus response. This Psalm is of an ancient time, as the moral standards expressed tell us. In verse 9, the enemies are to be burned with fire ( see 2 Samuel 12: 31) ; and in verse 10, the children of the enemy are to be killed. Yet, in spite of these beliefs, the poem is informed by a deep sense of God's reality and power. Instead of the words "for thou preventest him" in verse 3, use the words, "for thou earnest to meet him." There is difficulty with the translation here and the latter is just as allowable as the phrase which now appears. Psalm 22 Here is one of the famous Psalms. It has been used widely both among the people of its origin and by the Christian Church. We shall indicate why this is so in a moment or two. First we must note the additions that have been made to the original poem. As you read the Psalm you find it to be the expression of a single individual. All the way through the early verses the first personal pronoun predominates. Then in verses 23, 24, and 26 the setting changes, for the reference is to the descendants of Judah and Israel, and particularly to those who are weak among them. And in verses 27 -31 the setting changes again, this time to all the nations of the world. Moreover, these two sections speak of people praising God; that is the main point in them. While this idea does appear in the earlier verses, it is there set in the midst of the description of a human life. It is generally agreed now that these two sections ( a. verses 23, 24, 26. b. verses 27-31) are additions made by later writers. The original poem consisted of verses 1-22, 25. That poem is a tremendous outburst of agony from one who feels himself com19 pletely and absolutely alone. The whole world is against him. Yet note just where his trouble lies. He is clear in his own conscience that the difficulty did not arise because of something he had done. His inner pain and suffering were not the result of his own actions. Again, the trouble was not caused by God. He did not stand, as we say it, under God's judgment. It was simply that his experiences seemed to show him that God had forgotten him and had left him completely alone. Verses 1 and 2 state his experience. The words are of one who seeks God and cannot find him. Verses 4 and 5 go back into history. The poet knows that his ancestors had called to God in their hour of need and that God had answered them. Verses 6-8 are testimony as to his trust in God even while they describe the way his contemporaries laugh at him. Verses 9-10 speak of his religious background. You can read in those lines a picture of the poet's mother and the way she trained him. The following verses tell in more detail of the experience that has been his. The description of his own inner experience in verses 14-15 is particularly vivid. Then, what a glorious ending. In spite of his experience, in spite of his clear feeling that God has forsaken him, the writer proposes to continue his praises to God. That is real religion. For here was a man who continued to trust in God even though he could find nothing in hi~ daily living to substantiate his faith. When we think of the way men today repudiate God as events cross their slightest whim, we need remember this psalmist. Speaking of his own life he said, "My strength is dried up like a potsherd; and my tongue cleaveth to my jaws." Man can scarcely be in deeper anguish that that. Yet he could say, "I will declare thy name unto my brethren; in the midst of the congregation will I praise thee; I will pay my vows before them that fear him." That is the affirmation of one with profound faith in God. 20 This Psalm is known as the Passion Psalm. It bears so close a connection to the death of Jesus that Christians have taken it as one of their own poems. See how detailed this is. Verse 1 has in it the words Jesus used on the Cross ( Mark 15: 34). Verses 7 and 8 portray the mocking of the man's enemies ( Matt. 27 : 43) . In verse 14 there is reference to the breaking of his bones (John 19 : 32). Verse 15, the thirst (John 19: 28) ; verse 16, the pierced hands and feet; verse 17, the crowd gazing at his sufferings ; and verse 18, the dividing of the clothes. It has seemed to those who meditate on the crucifixion of the Master as though the Hebrew poet had expressed in clear outline that which was to happen. And even as with the poet, who in spite of his experience continued to praise God, so Jesus in his dying moment said "Father, into thy hands I commend my' spirit." Psalm 23 This poem is so familiar to all of us that there is scarcely need to comment upon it. It belongs to our heritage and to the heritage of all men everywhere. Perhaps a little story about its use would not be amiss. It is related that among those present at a large social gathering in New York City were a great actor and a clergyman. The hostess, desiring to exhibit her most famous guest, asked him to give a demonstration. He a gr e e d with th e strange proviso that th,e clergyman repeat after him the lines he would give. This arrangement having been agreed to, the actor recited the twenty-third Psalm. He put into the recitation every bit of his actor's art and when he was finished the comp~ny applauded. Then the clergyman repeated the same words, doing it quietly and simply. When he had finished there was a deep silence, which was finally broken by the actor who walked over to the clergyman with outstretched hand, saying as he did so, "I knew the words, but you knew the shepherd." The Friend Psalm 2.4 Here are two separate and distinct poems. ( 1) Verses 1-6. God is pictured as the ruler of the universe, having a very special place where man can approach him in the temple on the top of the hill. The question is: what men are permitted to enter that temple? In other words, what must men do in order to carry out the will of the great universal King? The answer is given in verse 4. The poem is arranged for an antiphonal chorus with one group asking the questions and the other group making the statements. Compare this poem with Psalm 15. (2) Verses 7-10. This portrays in imagination a victorious army with God at the head of it, approaching the gates of a walled city. The army shouts to the keepers of the city gates ( verse 7). The gate-keepers answer, "Who is this king of glory", which is what was called a challenge. The approaching army answers. Then the process is repeated. Psalm 25 This is another acrostic Psalm. Only the author has further complicated the task he set for himself by trying to put the key words of his thought into parallel verses. That is, he has tried to get one word, which for him was important, into two lines. Here are the key words : ashamed ( verses 2 and 3), teach ( verses 4 and 5), remember ( verses 6 and 7), way ( verses 8 and 9), fear ( verses 12 and 14), bring forth ( verses 15 and 17), and deliver ( verses 20 and 21). Either the author did not quite succeed in his effort or else later editors have mixed up his work. More likely, the original poem has been lost in succeeding translations which have changed words here and there. None of the reconstructions which have been attempted are satisfactory. But, what is of more importance to us, we cannot now see the significance of the series of key words for the author. There must have been some plan behind his work, although we do not know what it was. Generally speaking, the Psalm has three parts: ( 1) verses 1-7 which are a petition to God for lead- November, 1944 ing and guidance; (2) verses 8-14 which are an expression of trust in God ; and (3) verses 15-21 which are a second petition, this time for help and deliverance. Psalm 26 Read this Psalm carefully and then see what question it raises in your minds. It is the expression of a righteous man. Note how he describes his goodness and his freedom from evil. Was not the man one of those obnoxious creatures we call selfrighteous ? Every once in a while we meet someone who runs about bragging of his goodness, telling everyone all about it, like the Pharisee in Luke 18: 11-12. We do not like such people, for we sense that there is something wrong about them. What then, of the author of this Psalm. Read as he puts down the list of his accomplishments. Yet strangely enough the man who wrote this poem was not self-righteous. The distinction between the self-righteous and the righteous may be hard to draw and the line between them rather a hazy one at times, yet there is nevertheless a crucial difference. The psalmist appears to express the characteristic which is important. He is supremely conscious of God's reality and is ever seeking to live as God would have him live. "Lord, I have loved the habitation of thy house, and the place where thine honour dwelleth." On the other hand, the self-righteous man is self-conscious; that is, he is fully aware of himself and the difference between himself and those about him. "God, I thank thee, that I am not as other men are." Oftimes the language the two men use may be approximately the same, for the self-righteous may make an address to God. But the difference between the two remains. For us, Psalm 26 holds up an ideal; we would be able to speak as that man spoke, shorn of all the self-righteousness that infects us. There is nothing that so dogs the steps of modern man as selfconsciousness, and its evil result, which is the judging of the world around by its standards. 21 Statement on Religious Liberty * ( Adopted by the Federal Council of the Churches of Christ in America and the Foreign Missions Conference of North America.) * A plea to the government to use its influence to secure legal provisions for religious freedom by all nations throughout the world has been presented to Secretary of State Cordell Hull by three representatives of the Protestant forces of the country: Dr. Samuel McCrea Cavert, General Secretary of the Federal Council of the Churches of Christ in America; Dr. Glenn P. Reed, of the Foreign Missions Conference of North America; and Dr. 0. Frederick Nolde, Professor of Christian Education, the Lutheran Theological Seminary at Philadelphia. Complete text of statement follows : * * * We. recognize the dignity of the human person as the image of God. We therefore urge that the civic rights which derive from that dignity be set forth in the agreements into which our country may enter looking toward the promotion of world order, and be vindicated in treaty arrangements and in the functions and responsibilities assigned to international organizations. States should assure their citizens freedom from compulsion and discrimination in matters of religion. This and the other rights which inhere in man's dignity must be adequately guarded; for when they are impaired, all liberty is jeopardized. More specifically, we urge that: 1) The right of individuals everywhere to religious liberty shall be recognized and, subject only to the maintenance of 22 public order and security, shall be guaranteed against legal provisions and administrative acts which would impose political, economic, or social disabilities on grounds of religion. 2) Religious liberty shall be interpreted to include freedom to worship according to conscience and to bring up children in the faith of their parents; freedom for the individual to change his religion ; freedom to preach, educate, publish, and carry on missionary activities ; and freedom to organize with others, and to acquire and hold property, for these purposes. To safeguard public order and to promote the well-being of the community, both the state, in providing for religious liberty, and the people in exercising the rights thus recognized, must fulfil reciprocal obligations: The state must guard all groups, both minority and majority, against legal disabilities on account of religious belief; the people must exercise their rights with a sense of responsibility and with charitable consideration for the rights of others. CHRISTIAN EDUCATION ( Continued from Page 16) message in music, or a picture interpretation, are very helpful. A dramatization is another way. We all know that a period of prayer, beginning perhaps with silent prayer and continuing with guided, The Friend spoken prayer, is one of the best ways of drawing close to God. Whatever the means chosen, it should be care f u 11 y planned or practiced. It should also be introduced into the service in a reverent manner, not just announced as the next event. The Conclusion should be a time of consecration. It is the time when those who have shared in the worship period make a new promise to live in the Christian spirit-to live in the "spirit of the worship service", we might say. A hymn, a unison prayer, or a unison pledge of some sort, are possible ways of drawing the service to a close. A benediction is usually the final part of the program. After that children should go quietly to their classes. If announcements must be made, let there be a definite pause after the benediction. Then make the announcements and dismiss the group to classes. Pupils take part more reverently in a worship ·service if they understand what is going to happen next. Instructions, such as the page number of a hymn or bowing heads for prayer, can be made quietly and clearly. They are important if the service is to run smoothly, with everyone taking part in it. In this kind of service, there can be something for all ages to do. Children may give the call to worship or the prayer or the benediction, or be ushers and take up the offering. A group may sometimes present the scripture reading, either from memory or by reading it together. It is better to have an adult tell the story or give the talk or picture-interpretation. But there can be something for all ages to share in doing. Even the smallest children can sing and pray. If the service is so arranged that it meets the level of the middle-aged group, such as primaries or juniors, all ages will find something helpful in it. Groups or classes may even take turns in helping the superintendent plan the services. We can do one other thing as we try to turn our Sunday School Assembly period into a time of worship. We can make November, 1944 sure that the place where the service is held is as attractive as possible. Some of us meet in the church sanctuary. We must be sure that hymn books and Bibles are distributed ahead of time, that win, <lows are open, lights ready, and so on, Some of us meet in ordinary rooms, or rooms that are used for other purposes during the week. We have even more work to do before the service begins. Chairs should be carefully arranged, hymn books and Bibles put on the chairs ; lights ready, too. We may also need to fix some kind of a worship center, to help the children think of God and his work as they come in. It can be very simpleperhaps just a table up front. But there should be only a picture, or flowers, or an open Bible on the table. Clear off hats or purses or stack of books. Make the table, or worship center, a place of simple loveliness. It will help set the right kind of "tone" for the service. NATIONAL COUNCIL MEETING (Continued from Page 10) meetings and discussions. However, despite a well-planned program, I believe that a time given to the Lord in worship and prayer would have greatly added to the success of the meeting. The evening service conducted by the Laymen's Fellowship concluded the program for the day. Sunday, June 25 Sunday arrived and with it came also short periods for relaxation. A communion service was held in the early part of the morning preceding the morning serv-: ices at 9 and 11 A.M. Rev. James Fifield, Jr., of California, preached. Of special interest throughout the services was the role that music played. At least three hundred voices which formed five choirs aided in the service. Three of these five choirs are composed of 200 children and young people ranging in age from four to sixteen. They were well trained as they 23, were able to sing anthems and hymns very well. The church's Minister of music, Dr. Einecke, has done a marvelous work. At 8 P.M. Congressman Walter H. Judd, formerly a medical missionary of the American Board at Shaowu, China, gave what I thought was the best message throughout the entire conference. He spoke with unusual rapidity but with the most vigorous language. It is stated that Dr. Judd's resignation from the American Board was for conscience's sake as he attempted, soon after resigning, a one-man crusade against America selling Japan war supplies which were being used against China. Speaking on "Christian Responsibility for Democracy," he presented many illustrations and truths that made his message clear and definite. The price and the sacrifice we must pay in order to have a better Democracy was made very clear. Everyone seemed to enjoy his message immensely. A short service for the dedication of the World Order Compact followed. This compact, which many of you have signed and of which I am quoting for reasons of clearness, read as follows: "In the name·of God, Amen. We whose names are underwritten, loyal members of the Congregational Christian Churches of America, do solemnly and mutually, in the presence of God and one another, covenant and combine ourselves to work for a just and cooperative world order. We pray that our nation shall help to establish an international organization for the better ordering of the interdependent life of nations, the preservation of peace with justice, and the furtherance of the general good of all peoples. Unto this great task we commit our wills and our ways." FAIR WITH YOU.ELF INSURANCE SAFEGUARD YOUR PROPERTY. - - - - _ Alexander & Baldwin, Ltd. INSURANCE DEPT. Telephone 4901 from the various committees of the Board of Home Missions. One of America's leading sociologists, Charles Johnson, the Director of Race Relations for the American Missionary Association Division of the Board of Home Missions, gave a short talk "Toward the Elimination of American Racism." An address on behalf of the World Council of Churches by Rev. Henry Smith Lieper followed. He gave good reasons and facts for the value and necessity of cooperation by all denominations. That "widespread interdenominational and international cooperation in time of urgent crisis is necessary" is a statement challenging the many churches today. Quoting again from a few excerpts of his address, he says, "By this means the Churches of the United Nations have saved the missionary work of Churches in Axis or Axis-dominated territories. The same spirit and philosophy of cooperation is Donate to the Blood l}ank Serve in Silence City Transfer Co., Ltd. For Duration 1237 HOPAKA ST. PH. 1281 Lauhala Purses Monday, June 26 24 The Friend The unavoidable reports were in progress already when I arrived at the Church at 8: 30 A.M. The reports this time were November, 1944 45 S . KING STREET , NEAR BETHH 25 The only bank in Hawaii with this protection is AMERICAN SECURITY BANK King and Nuuanu Sts. Honolulu, T. H. Save Wisely Today . . . for Tomorrow * Co. of Canada Sun Life Assurance A. V. Fortye, Hawaii Manager Phone [phone] McCandless Bldg. Good Neighbors FOR NEARLY A CENTURY In this busy wartime you will .find an extra convenience in our COMPLETE BANKING FACILITIES. 20 locations to serve our ttgood neighbors" BISHOP NATIONAL BANK OF HAWAII AT HONOLULU 26 represented in the program of the World Council of Churches." The evening service was conducted by the Board of Home Missions and the Pilgrim F~ll?wship. A service of praise and thanksg1vmg for the church and its servants was included. Four citations were made for distinguished service to the Congregational Christian Churches. Those receiving these citations were Dean James T. Cater of Talladega College, Talladega, Alabama; Mr. Philip Suffern layman of Plainfield, New Jersey; Mrs. 'Lynn Sheldon, ch:1rch school worker of Spring Valley, Mmnesota; and the Rev. Hans C. Juell, veteran home missionary pastor, of Fargo, North Dakota. Tuesday, June 27 Those wonderful breakfasts we've been having are really something to be talked about. Where· once I had to run to school so I would not miss breakfast, I now had merely to walk down the stairs and then to the breakfast table. Our fellowship around this breakfast table has meant much to me. At church this morning there were fewer reports. Most of them were concluding remarks and resolutions which were brought before the General Council. !he National Student Assembly had an mformal meeting in which they discussed the various Christian youth movements. At 7: 30 we had a special treat. A pageant of brotherhood written by the R~v. Fred Eastman and directed by Mrs. Emecke was presented. Mrs. Einecke as I have been informed, has appeared on 'the Take a Tip from Your Servel Serve in Silence HONOLULU GAS CO. The Friend professional stage in both Hollywood and New York after having studied abroad. Her untiring efforts and patience made this pageant more than a success. This pantomine play, entitled "Ye Shall Be My People," was divided into five parts : Part I-The Good Earth Part II-Man's Denial of His Brotherhood Part III-Consequences of the Denial Part IV-Man Seeks His Own Salvation Part V-The Way of Brotherhood There was a cast of about 100. I was greatly honored again by the fact that I had a chance to participate in this pageant. In all, the pageant was a very interesting and timely one. Wed~esday, June 28 My last day at the conference was filled with joy. A few final reports were made before adjournment about an hour thereafter. The rest of the time I spent bidding goodbye to the many friends that I have come to know. At 11 : 30 I boarded the train and was soon on my way back to Wheaton. My impressions of the conference were many. First of all, I was surprised to meet so many people who came from the different sections of this country. May I also state that never before have I been confronted with the issues and problems existing between the "liberalist" and the "conservatist." Since it is not my desire to commit myself to either of these groups I shall refrain hereafter from stating more than is necessary. The student group impressed me also in that there was a great MAILE BUTTER Tastes Better FOR SALE BY ALL GOOD GROCERS November, 1944 :~ FRESH UP WITH 7-UP! Quenches Thirst SUNRISE SODA WORKS CO. Limited Phone [phone] Robello Lane To be Served by "WI LL IAMS" is a mark of distinction. Personal attention by an expert staff of assistants. Twenty-four Hour Service Williams Mortuary, Ltd. 1076 S. Beretania Phone 3.524 INSURANCE * We are General Agents for the Hawaiian Islands for the Northern Assurance Co., Ltd. Law Union &. Rock Ins. Co., Ltd. The American Ins. Co. of Newark, N.J. Union Marine &. General Ins. Co., Ltd. British &. Foreign Insurance Co., Ltd. Ocean Accident&. Guaranty Corp., Ltd. Lincoln National Life Ins. Co. * THEO. H. DAVIES & CO. LIMITIDD HONOLULU - HILO NEW YORK - SAN FRANCISCO MANILA 27 need for the study of the Bible. This was evident in the discussion meetings. The worship periods for the General Council were very good. The short "candle service" which was held preliminary to each service aided in cultivating reverence among the people as they drew near to God in the prayer that followed. In all, the people were very friendly and I enjoyed this conference immensely. I regret that I am not able to make a complete and accurate report of the con£erence. Again I wish to thank the Board for sending me. It is my earnest prayer that the Lord will continually bless all the churches and its work there in Hawaii. 92nd Year in Hawaii NEW ENGLAND MUTUAL LIFE INSURANCE CO. OF BOSTON America's oldest Mutual Life Company Chartered 1835 * INSURANCE HOME CO. OF HAWAII, LTD. General Agent Babyland * Striving always to give you the best obtainable for you and for your Baby through peacetime and war time. You can depend on- BABYLAND 1327 SO. BERETANIA ST. ~-l•-·f, PIGGL1~»«1GGLY - ALL OVER THE WORLD - -- - - - Do your shopping for Better Foods .. Quality Meats .. Island and Mainland Fresh Fruits and Vegetables .. at Piggly Wiggly Stores. There is one located in your neighborhood. 2456 Kalakaua Ave. Nuuanu and Pauoa Rd. 1250 Punchbowl St. Waialae Ave. and Church St. 1869 No. King St. Wahiawa, Oahu WESTERN STATES GROCERY HAWAII, LTD. Owners and Operators 28 BUY BONDS! CITY Mill CO., LTD. LUMBER DEALERS Phone 6081 Honolulu MR. MODERNOUS Dependable Trust Service ( Continued from Page 3) troubled by obsessions and compl~xes and fears and that sometimes such thmgs upset their lives so much that they are unable to continue with their work. The modern psychologist speaks in our language but he says the ~ame thing about human life as Jesus said. When he describes the ailments which afflict man's mind he is describing the very things that the people of Jesus' day thought of as devils. And when he, with his expert knowledge and ability, frees _man _from the pains of those ailments he is domg what the exorcist ... " ••• I I• •• •• For Distinctive Gifts and Hawaiian Sportswear for All Hawaii n1umuLrs ··-·· ··-·· November, 1944 The Friend DO YOUR PART- Chairman. ( Continued from Page 7) of contributions to the Committee during the past two years has resulted from the adoption of the Plan for Sacrificial Giving by more than 600 churches. Through this plan, church members are asked to practice self-denial to the extent of at least twenty-five cents weekly, their savings to be sent in monthly through their church. The faithful support of this plan and the consequent steady flow of gifts has made possible more effective budget planning for the relief operations to which the Committee gives its support. It should be said in addition that many churches and individuals are generously giving to the To Win is to Serve! -BOYNTON MERRILL, WAR VICTIMS COMMITTEE Everything for the Baby 1409 So. Beretania St. Waialae and 10th Aves. 2018 Kalakaua Ave. Committee through special offerings, budget savings and other projects. As for the future, when invaded countries and territories are liberated, it is expected that suffering and need on. a sca~e far wider than we can now imagme will be disclosed to us. The Committee for War Victims and Services has accepted the responsibility for support of our Service Committee Unit for Greece to the extent of $75,000 for personnel over a two-year period. Relief work~rs and funds will undoubtedly be needed m many other areas. The Committee is g~a~ed to serve the Congregational Chrn~tian churches as long as an emergency situation exists. 1162 FORT STREET and in the WAIKIKI THEATRE BLOCK •• •• • I• •• 29 Wall, Nichols Co., Ltd. Headquarters for Technical Books 67 S. KING ST. PHONE 6067 45 years of Service to the people of Hawaii with widely diversified lines of merchandise * The Von Hamm-Young Co., Ltd. King and Bishop Streets Honolulu, T. H. l So that's the story, is it, Modernous thought. Either the people of Jesus' day were extremely wise or the people of today are very simple or vice versa. For if the people today were only doing the same things as the people did then, it does not matter that they use different words. Maybe devils and complexes are the same thing. He did not know about that. Some years ago he had been kind of interested in some books on psychology. They were books that said they described what human beings were like. He had bought one or two of them and read them with much interest. They were the most fascinating books he had read, with the exception of Dorothy Sayers and EIIery Queen. He had found himself on every page. Every little quirk of character and behavior the writers mentioned seemed to be a description of himself. And then he had put them aside and he had never read any more like them. The logic of the case was just too much for him. For if he were like the people the authors portrayed, then he was crazy or partly so. He knew that was not true, for he was a good, solid member of society. The only conclusion he was able to reach was that there was something wrong with the books. He could not see what was wrong, but he was sure something was. And that seemed to him to write the whole thing off. Even so, maybe complexes and obsessions and aII that sort of thing did exist. He supposed they did, because people talked about them so much. And he knew that there were doctors Buy United States War Bonds and Stamps The B. F. Dillingham Co., Ltd. making quite a bit of money treating them. But were they the same thing as the devils of Jesus' day. He did not know t:iat he had heard much about psychological things as he studied t~e history of Eu,rope. He had heard of devils. He couldn t remember whether there was a time when the devils stopped and the complexes ~egan. Maybe one was just the other with a new name; and maybe you could find the time in history when one changed to the other. yet it seemed to be clear that the preacher thought this was the case. Today, it is a complex man has ~nd_ some doctor charges fifty dollars to dnve it out. Wal den smiled inwardly as he began to wonder where the poor old complex went when it was out. There were not any deserts near the city; so maybe it wandered up in the country. But i1: Jesus' day an exorcist drove out the devil and you gave him whatever you like. Just as he had often said, our age is too expensive. We certainly have learned how to make money out of the strangest things. But I'm in church - Walden's mind continued on-and these are strange ideas to be having. There must be something more to the Bible story than that. Why! That would be making nothing more out of the Bible than a primitive psychology book. And if that is what it is, then it had better be thrown away. The modern books are certainly more up to <lat~. He remembered that he had heard agam ~nd again that the Bible was God's revelation to man. He could not say that he had ever • INSURANCE DEPARTMENT UNITING all HAWAII *INTER-ISLAND Steam Navigation Company, Ltd. Fort and Merchant Streets HONOLULU It's worth going back for a second helping! That's why Love's Crispy Crackers are a saving grace in every household. They are ~lso ideal with cheese, or condiments, for 'Unexpected guests. • CRISPY CRACKERS • Dillingham Transportation Building 30 The Friend November, 1944 31 More magazines needed by service men. After you read them, take them to Motor Corps Headquarters. CI TY * GRILL Phone 4290 72 S. King St. . Young Laundry & Dry Cleaning Co., Ltd. * 184 S. King St. Phone [phone] Kapiolani Blvd. - Phone 4538 BUY BONDS * Territorial Distributor understood what that meant. But he felt that it must be something significant. And that would make it quite different from some treatise on psychology. No! He could not go along with the preacher. In some way that preacher had made a mistake. He would go back over the tale and see what the trouble was. There was one devil who lived in a man. Then the devil was driven out. And the inside of the man was empty. He had never looked inside a man ; sort of had a dread of hospitals. Certainly the words could not have had anything to do with the insides he was thinking about. But the story was clear. The man was a house and the devil lived in him. Then the devil was driven out and the house was empty. That meant the man was empty. And Jesus was describing a human being when he spoke. Suppose, thought Walden, he was describing me. No, he couldn't be doing that for I'm here and he lived so long ago. 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