| Description |
There is an abundance of evidence that suggests exposure to air pollution, specifically particulate matter (PM), increases one's risk of developing cardiovascular disease. Levels of PM are continuing to increase due to multiple factors such as societal reliance on fossil fuel, global warming, drought, and wildfires; thus, making PM exposure a growing health concern. This review will begin with a definition of particulate matter and how the Air Quality Index can be utilized to understand PM levels. There are several pathophysiological mechanisms by which PM contributes to the development of cardiovascular disease: increasing systemic inflammation, oxidative stress, plaque formation, fibrinogen levels, and platelet counts. Through these mechanisms, PM increases one's risk of developing cardiovascular disease-specifically atherosclerosis, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, stroke, and myocardial infarction. Although further research is needed, clinicians should consider PM as an important risk factor that increases the risk of developing cardiovascular disease. Further, federal regulation and intervention is necessary to combat this global health issue. Currently, using the air quality index (AQI) forecast is a simple tool that individuals can use to assess and limit exposure to harmful; particulate matter. |
