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Title	Advanced Burners for Coal Fired Boilers
Creator	Morgan, D. J.; Van de Kamp, W. L.
Publisher	Digitized by J. Willard Marriott Library, University of Utah
Date	1996
Spatial Coverage	presented at Baltimore, Maryland
Abstract	Reburning or fuel staging is a technology that can be applied as a retro-fit to burners as a means of reducing NOx emissions. This paper concentrates on using existing knowledge of reburning techniques, with the aim of developing an Integrated Fuel Staged Burner whereby the reburning fuel can be introduced within the burner itself. The investigations were conducted in a simulated boIler chamber with internal dimensions of 2x2x6.3 m. The single burner experiments were performed with Gottelbom (HVB), EI Cerejon (HVB), Middelburg (MVB) and Klein Kopje (MVB) coal. The experiments were conducted at the scale of 2.5 MWt with a swirl stabilised Internally Fuel Staged Burner (IFSB). The primary fuel was a bituminous coal of either high or medium volatile content and the reburning fuels were natural gas or a bituminous coal, again with a high or medium volatile content. The rebum fuel fraction varied from 0% to 40% on a fuel input basis. The main parameters affecting emissions of NOx and burnout were the primary zone stoichiometry, rebum fuel fraction, tertiary air position, coal type and flame type. With reburning conditions of 20% gas (reburn fuel) /80% coal (primary fuel) NOx could be reduced in the range 55-78%, relative to a baseline 100% coal flame, depending on the location of the tertiary air and coal type. Reburning of pulverised coal with pulverised coal led to reduced concentrations of NOx relative to the baseline flames, but increased concentrations compared to conditions where natural gas was used as the rebum fuel, which is consistent with the higher concentration of fuel-bound nitrogen. In addition to the above investigation, further experiments were conducted whereby a number of coals were fired with a municipal sewage sludge containing a high fuel nitrogen content.
Type	Text
Format	application/pdf
Language	eng
Rights	This material may be protected by copyright. Permission required for use in any form. For further information please contact the American Flame Research Committee.
Conversion Specifications	Original scanned with Canon EOS-1Ds Mark II, 16.7 megapixel digital camera and saved as 400 ppi uncompressed TIFF, 16 bit depth.
Scanning Technician	Cliodhna Davis
ARK	ark:/87278/s6wd435q
Setname	uu_afrc
ID	10232
Reference URL	https://collections.lib.utah.edu/ark:/87278/s6wd435q

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Title	Page 2
Format	application/pdf
OCR Text	Show -2- Experimental Two technical investigations were executed as a means of evaluating the burner design and perf~rmance when firing coal with reburn fuels of natural gas or coal [5,6]. These smgle burner studies were performed on the modular designed IFRF semi-industrial scale furnace (nominal thermal input of 2.5 MW) which has internal dimensions of 226.3 m. The experimental facility, Figure 1, consists of individually refractory lined water-cooled modules, which provides flexibility for adaptation to many industrial processes. Suction Pyrometer Cooling Loops Te~ Air Pipes (Oveifired Air) Rebuming gan pipe RebumFuel Natural Gas or Coal Figure 1 Furnace setup incorporating the 'classical' reburning technique With this furnace setup it was also possible to examine burner performance using traditional methods of fuel staging and/ or air staging. Experimental Burners The burners, Figures 2 and 3, were designed to be flexible in terms of geometry and fuel-air mixing and were based on the Internally Fuel Staged Burner (IFSB) [7]. Each burner incorporated a number of channels for the coal, natural gas and air. The flame formation relies on the creation of three zones; a swirl stabilised primary zone, formed from the primary coal and the swirled secondary air, a reburn zone formed by injecting reburn fuel through the IRZ of the primary flame and a tertiary zone formed by injecting tertiary air through various locations on the burner or as overfired air. Figure 2 Idealised flame shape with the burner setup of the AP26 investigation [5]
Setname	uu_afrc
ID	10218
Reference URL	https://collections.lib.utah.edu/ark:/87278/s6wd435q/10218