OCR Text |
Show -11- no objectionable noise, no thermal radiation problems, and no possibility of "burning rain" (liquid carryover from elevated flares with improperly designed knockout drums) splattering plant personnel and equipment. Conclusion With dependable pilots, flares will dispose of unwanted waste gases safely and reliably, while protecting the global environment and providing trouble-free operation. Proper operation, however, entails a joint responsibility between manufacturer and user. A good working knowledge of the principles of flare design and function by the user will preclude many problems before they occur. To deliver the most appropriate, safe flaring system, it is the responsibility of the flare manufacturer to know all detailed operating parameters and to refuse to quote flare systems which are inherently unsafe. To make full use of today's proven technologies, there must be a complete understanding between responsible buyers (including engineering contractors), ISO-certified manufacturers and end-users. References: 1. "Eliminate Air Polluting Smoke in Petroleum Processing," by Walter R. Smith, pp. 61-67, Oct. 1954, Chemical Engineering . 2. "Predicting Radiant Heating from Flares," by T.A. Brzutowski and E.C. Sommer, Jr., 38th API Midyear Meeting, May 17, '73, Philadelphia, PA. 3. "Flaring in the Energy Industry," Brzutowski, Prog . Energy Combustion SCience, Vol 2, pp. 129- 41, '76, Pergamon Press, Great Britain. 4. "Flare Safety and Engineering," by John F. Straitz III, P.E., 11th Annual Loss Symposium, AIChE, March 20-24, '77 , Houston, TX. 5. "Make the Flare Protect the Environment, " Straitz, pp. 76-81 , Oct. 7, '77 , Hydrocarbon Processing. 6. "Solving Flare Noise Problems, " Straitz, May 8-10, '78, Inter-Noise78 Seminar, S. Francisco, CA. 7. "Proper Flare Operation Conserves Energy In Refinery," Straitz, pp. 37-42, Jan .1, '77 , Oil & Gas Journal. 8. "Flare Technology Safety," Straitz, pp.53-62, July '87, Chemical Engineering Progress. 9. "High-Performance Offshore Flares," Straitz, Fourth Annual Flare System Symposium, Oct. 14- 16, '86, Trodheim, Norway. 10 . "How New Pilots Were Installed on an Operating Flare," Straitz , pp. 33-34, March '92, Oil, Gas & Petrochem Equipment. 11 . "Improve Flare Design," Straitz, pp 86-90, Oct. '94, Hydrocarbon Processing . 12. "Where Safety Is Paramount," Straitz, pp 62-66, Feb. '96, PetroMin. 13 . "Use el Quemador Optima Para Cada Aplication," Straitz, pp 76-79, May '96, Petroleo Internacional. 14 . "Improve Flare Safety to Meet ISO-9001 Standards," Straitz, pp 109-11 0 & 112, 114, June '96 Hydrocarbon Processing . ' II |