Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein (MOG) - Antibody Optic Neuritis

This is an illustrated guide to the clinical diagnosis of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG)-antibody optic neuritis. Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) is a glycoprotein on the surface of myelin and is found exclusively in the central nervous system (CNS). MOG likely mediates a complement cascade which causes an inflammatory demyelinating condition of the CNS. It can occur at any age with median onset in the 4th decade. It can be monophasic or often relapsing. The most common presenting feature is optic neuritis. It is frequently associated with bilateral with optic nerve head edema. MRI will commonly show optic nerve sheath enhancement. MOG optic neuritis has better visual outcomes than neuromyelitis optica (NMO), although relapses may be more frequent. MOG commonly causes myelitis or acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) in children.