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TitleDescriptionSubjectCollection
176 Muscle tremor artifact - marquetteMuscle tremor artifact - marquetteKnowledge Weavers ECG
177 Neural Network Controlling Wakefulness (Labeled)Brainstem reticular activating system.Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland Illustrations
178 Nonconducted PAC - marquetteNonconducted PAC - marquetteKnowledge Weavers ECG
179 Nonconducted PAC's slowing the heart rateConsecutive nonconducted PAC's, indicated by arrows, can significantly slow the heart rate. Note the distortion of the ST-T waves caused by the PAC. A hint in recognizing nonconducted PAC's is to find conducted PAC's in the same rhythm strip.Knowledge Weavers ECG
180 Nonconducted PAC's: an unusual bigeminyOccasionally nonconducted PAC's can create interesting rhythms. In this example every other sinus beat is followed by an early, nonconducted PAC. The resulting pause sets up a bigeminal rhythm. Note the distortion of the T waves caused by the nonconducted PAC's.Knowledge Weavers ECG
181 Nonconducted PACs and junctional escapesAlthough at first glance this looks like 2nd degree AV block, the P waves indicated by the arrows are premature and not sinus P waves. The pause is long enough to encourage a junctional escape focus to take over. Note the sinus P waves just before the escape beats. Had the escapes not occurred, t...Knowledge Weavers ECG
182 Nonconducted and aberrantly conducted PAC'sIn A the slow sinus rhythm is actually caused by nonconducted PACs hidden in the ST segment. This is confirmed in B where some of the PACs are aberrantly conducted with LBBB, and some PACs are nonconducted.Knowledge Weavers ECG
183 Nonconducted and conducted PAC'sThe pause in this example is the result of a nonconducted PAC, as indicated by the first arrow. The second arrow points to a conducted PAC. The most common cause of an unexpected pause in rhythm is a nonconducted PAC.Knowledge Weavers ECG
184 Normal sinus rhythm - marquetteNormal sinus rhythm - marquetteKnowledge Weavers ECG
185 Normal variant: Early repolarizationEarly repolarization, a misnomer, describes a pattern of localized or diffuse ST segment elevation. This is especially seen in leads with prominent R waves. In this example leads I, II, V5 and V6 illustrate the early repolarization pattern. ST segments usually have a concave upwards pattern and ta...Knowledge Weavers ECG
186 Not all sore thumbs are ventricular in originPACs have three fates: normal conduction into ventricles, aberrant conduction in ventricles due to bundle branch or fascicular block, and non-conduction due to block in AV junction. In this example PAC 1 is normally conducted and PAC 2 is conducted with RBBB aberration. The longer preceding cycle ...Knowledge Weavers ECG
187 Old inferior MIOld inferior MIKnowledge Weavers ECG
188 Old inferior MIOld inferior MIKnowledge Weavers ECG
189 Old inferior MI, PVCs, and atrial fibrillationOld inferior MI, PVCs, and atrial fibrillationKnowledge Weavers ECG
190 Old infero-posterior MIOld infero-posterior MIKnowledge Weavers ECG
191 Oleic acid structureOleic acid is a typical monounsaturated fatty acid.Knowledge Weavers Fatty Acids
192 Oxidation of a polyunsaturated fatty acid -- part IThe cycles of beta-oxidation prior to the one involving the original Delta-12 double bond act to get past the Delta-9 double bond.Knowledge Weavers Fatty Acids
193 PAC and PVC: complete vs. incomplete pausePAC and PVC: complete vs. incomplete pauseKnowledge Weavers ECG
194 PAC couplet - marquettePAC couplet - marquetteKnowledge Weavers ECG
195 PAC with RBBB aberrant conductionPAC with RBBB aberrant conductionKnowledge Weavers ECG
196 PAC's with RBBB aberrant conductionPAC's are identified by the arrows. Note that the PP interval surrounding the PAC is less than 2x the basic sinus cycle indicating that the sinus node has been reset by the ectopic P wave. The pause after the PAC, therefore, is incomplete.Knowledge Weavers ECG
197 PAC's with RBBB aberrationThese PAC's, indicated by arrows, enter the ventricles and find the right bundle refractory. They therefore conduct with RBBB aberrancy. In most normal hearts the right bundle recovery time is longer than the left bundle's; most aberrancy, therefore, has aRBBB morphology. In some diseased hearts t...Knowledge Weavers ECG
198 PAC's with and without aberrant conduction - marquettePAC's with and without aberrant conduction - marquetteKnowledge Weavers ECG
199 PVC triplet - marquettePVC triplet - marquetteKnowledge Weavers ECG
200 PVC with R-on-T - marquettePVC with R-on-T - marquetteKnowledge Weavers ECG
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