Eccles Health Sciences Library
 
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101 Vision in Multiple Sclerosis: The Story, Structure-Function Correlations, and Models for NeuroprotectionContrast Sensitivity; Evoked Potentials, Visual; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Multiple Sclerosis; Optic Neuritis; Quality of Life; Tomography, Optical Coherence; Vision Disorders; Vision, Ocular; Visual Acuity; Visual Pathways
102 Alemtuzumab Improves Contrast Sensitivity in Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis PatientsAlemtuzumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody that alters the circulating lymphocyte pool. In a 3-year, phase 2 trial, alemtuzumab was superior to subcutaneous IFNB-1a in patients with early, active relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS), significantly reducing relapse rate, risk for sustained accumulation ...Contrast Sensitivity; Pelli-Robson, Multiple Sclerosis (MS); Vision; AlemtuzumabNeuro-ophthalmology Virtual Education Library: NOVEL http://NOVEL.utah.edu
103 Regional MRI Abnormalities and Visual Dysfunction in Patients with Multiple SclerosisMeasures of low-contrast letter acuity best capture visual dysfunction in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). Although conventional MRI parameters have shown modest correlations with neurological disability, newer MRI methods may be superior in reflecting specific dimensions of disease in MS, inc...Contrast, Vision, Multiple Sclerosis, MRI, Regional AnalysisNeuro-ophthalmology Virtual Education Library: NOVEL http://NOVEL.utah.edu
104 Walsh & Hoyt: Treatment of Multiple Sclerosis and Clinically Isolated Syndromes: CHAMPSThe CHAMPS was a randomized trial of 383 patients who presented with acute optic neuritis, brainstem syndromes, or incomplete transverse myelopathy (clinically isolated syndromes), and brain MR imaging showing high risk for CDMS using ONTT criteria (two or more white-matter lesions, 3 mm or larger i...Controlled High Risk Avonex Multiple Sclerosis; CHAMPS; CHAMPS studyNeuro-ophthalmology Virtual Education Library: NOVEL http://NOVEL.utah.edu
105 Neuro-ophthalmology in the recent European literature. Part I. The visual system.Creutzfeldt-Jakob Syndrome; Female; Humans; Multiple Sclerosis; Optic Nerve; Optic Nerve Diseases; Pregnancy; Research; Visual Pathways
106 Sensitivity and Specificity of Flicker Fusion for Prolongation of the VEP P-100As a light blinks faster and faster, at some frequency, one can no longer tell mar the light is blinking. The frequency at which this phenomenon occurs is called the critical flicker fusion frequency (CFFF). We have previously devdoped an instrument that is portable. easy to use and inexpensive to m...Critical Flicker Fusion Frequency; Visually Evoked Potential; Optic Neuritis; Optic Neuropathy; Multiple SclerosisNeuro-ophthalmology Virtual Education Library: NOVEL http://NOVEL.utah.edu
107 Use Of Wide-Field Retinography For Periphlebitis Detection In Patients With Multiple Sclerosis"Retinal periphlebitis (RP) is characterized by perivascular exudation, hemorrhage, and retinal venous sheathing. The relationship between RP and multiple sclerosis (MS) is known and has a variable incidence among series (5-39%). RP has been related to a more active disease (1). Retinal inflammation...Demeylinating Disease, Diagnostic Tests, Retinography, Periphlebitis, Multiple SclerosisNeuro-ophthalmology Virtual Education Library: NOVEL http://NOVEL.utah.edu
108 In Vivo Antibody Mediated Optic Nerve DemyelinationDemyelinating Autoimmune Diseases, CNS; Optic Neuritis; Multiple Sclerosis; AntibodiesNeuro-ophthalmology Virtual Education Library: NOVEL http://NOVEL.utah.edu
109 Test Your Knowledge! Case 8This is a collection of neuroimages with lesions affecting the afferent and/or efferent visual system each with an associated multiple-choice question regarding the expected neuro-ophthalmologic findings to practice lesion localization. A slide follows with the neuroimaging description and exam find...Demyelinating Disease; Internuclear Ophthalmoplegia; Medial Longitudinal Fasciculus; Multiple SclerosisNeuro-Ophthalmology Virtual Education Library NOVEL: Test Your Knowledge: http://NOVEL.utah.edu
110 Walsh & Hoyt: Multiple SclerosisMultiple sclerosis is one of the most common causes of neurologic and visual disability among young and middleaged adults. The disorder affects over 1 million people worldwide, but is particularly common in the United States, where approximately 300,000 persons are affected. Seventy-three percent of...Demyelinating Diseases; Multiple SclerosisNeuro-ophthalmology Virtual Education Library: NOVEL http://NOVEL.utah.edu
111 Walsh & Hoyt: Clinical ManifestationsThe symptoms and signs caused by MS are many and varied and include neurologic, psychiatric, and neuro-ophthalmologic features, alone or in combination. In the section that follows, we discuss some of the major clinical manifestations of MS, with special emphasis on neuro-ophthalmologic manifestatio...Demyelinating Diseases; Multiple Sclerosis; Clinical ManifestationsNeuro-ophthalmology Virtual Education Library: NOVEL http://NOVEL.utah.edu
112 Walsh & Hoyt: Clinical and Visual Outcome Measures for Multiple Sclerosis TrialsWith the identification of effective disease-modifying therapies for MS over the past decade, active-arm comparison studies, rather than placebo-controlled trials, are now commonplace. Such studies require more sensitive clinical outcome measures that have the capacity to demonstrate differences amo...Demyelinating Diseases; Multiple Sclerosis; Clinical and Visual Outcome Measures for Multiple Sclerosis TrialsNeuro-ophthalmology Virtual Education Library: NOVEL http://NOVEL.utah.edu
113 Walsh & Hoyt: DiagnosisThe diagnosis of clinically definite MS has traditionally required clinical documentation of two discrete demyelinating events separated in space and time. This clinical diagnosis is then supported by the results of neuroimaging and laboratory studies. The current diagnostic criteria for MS, develop...Demyelinating Diseases; Multiple Sclerosis; DiagnosisNeuro-ophthalmology Virtual Education Library: NOVEL http://NOVEL.utah.edu
114 Walsh & Hoyt: EpidemiologyEpidemiologic studies of MS must now be interpreted in the context of the recent development of new diagnostic criteria. In the past, such studies were limited by a number of methodologic difficulties. In the first place, whereas diagnostic criteria for MS have been refined over time, the clinical d...Demyelinating Diseases; Multiple Sclerosis; EpidemiologyNeuro-ophthalmology Virtual Education Library: NOVEL http://NOVEL.utah.edu
115 Walsh & Hoyt: Neuroimaging and Laboratory FindingsNeuroimaging techniques are crucial not only in the diagnosis of MS but also for determining prognosis for patients with MS and for patients with clinically isolated syndromes. This section focuses primarily on MR imaging; however, a brief description of CT scanning findings is also included because...Demyelinating Diseases; Multiple Sclerosis; Neuroimaging Findings; Laboratory FindingsNeuro-ophthalmology Virtual Education Library: NOVEL http://NOVEL.utah.edu
116 Multiple Sclerosis and Related Demyelinating Diseases"Destruction of myelin, demyelination, may occur in a variety of diverse inflammatory disorders. Demyelination may result from viral infections and is a prominent feature in the group of disorders known as the demyelinating diseases, of which multiple sclerosis (MS) is perhaps the most well known."Demyelinating Diseases; Multiple Sclerosis; Neuromyelitis Optica; Schindler's Disease; Concentric Sclerosis; Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis; Acute Hemorrhagic Leukoencephalitis
117 Walsh & Hoyt: PathogenesisDemyelination associated with inflammation and limited remyelination are major pathologic features of MS, but axonal transection is also a prominent and irreversible component. Evidence of alteration of the bloodbrain barrier occurs concomitantly with these pathologic changes. Computed tomographic (...Demyelinating Diseases; Multiple Sclerosis; PathogenesisNeuro-ophthalmology Virtual Education Library: NOVEL http://NOVEL.utah.edu
118 Walsh & Hoyt: PathologyThe gross pathology in patients with chronic MS is typical. In the majority of cases, the brain shows no obvious abnormalities, although the leptomeninges may appear thickened and the brain may appear covered with a cortical gray mantle. There may be a particularly prominent arachnoiditis in the reg...Demyelinating Diseases; Multiple Sclerosis; PathologyNeuro-ophthalmology Virtual Education Library: NOVEL http://NOVEL.utah.edu
119 Walsh & Hoyt: PathophysiologyWhatever the pathogenesis of MS, the neurologic deficits that occur in patients with this disease are caused primarily by the effects of inflammation, demyelination, and axonal loss. Demyelinated nerve fibers have an impaired ability to conduct trains of impulses at physiologic frequencies. Such fib...Demyelinating Diseases; Multiple Sclerosis; PathophysiologyNeuro-ophthalmology Virtual Education Library: NOVEL http://NOVEL.utah.edu
120 Walsh & Hoyt: PrognosisPrevious data on the prognosis of MS must be viewed in light of the fact that immunomodulatory and other disease-modifying therapies for MS have evolved rapidly over the past decade, and rationale has been developed for early therapy in high-risk patients with clinically isolated syndromes. How thes...Demyelinating Diseases; Multiple Sclerosis; PrognosisNeuro-ophthalmology Virtual Education Library: NOVEL http://NOVEL.utah.edu
121 Walsh & Hoyt: Treatment of Multiple Sclerosis and Clinically Isolated SyndromesCharcot recognized two clinical phenomena in patients with MSexacerbations and progression. Although some patients with MS have an illness that is slowly progressive from onset (PPMS) and others have an acute, rapidly progressive disease (acute MS), most cases of MS begin with a relapsing-remitting ...Demyelinating Diseases; Multiple Sclerosis; Treatment of Multiple Sclerosis; Treatment of Clinically Isolated SyndromesNeuro-ophthalmology Virtual Education Library: NOVEL http://NOVEL.utah.edu
122 MS Treatment/Immune System TargetsBeta interferons and glatiramer acetate were the first MS disease modifying therapies, FDA-approved in the 1990s. They are only moderately effective compared to more modern MS treatment options, but they are felt to be generally safe and well-tolerated. Injection-related side effects are common.Demyelination; Multiple Sclerosis; Disease-Modifying Therapy; Relapsing; ProgressiveNeuro-ophthalmology Virtual Education Library: NOVEL http://NOVEL.utah.edu
123 MS Treatment/Immune System TargetsFirst-generation injectable MS DMTs - Beta interferons and glatiramer acetate were the first MS disease modifying therapies, FDA-approved in the 1990s. They are only moderately effective compared to more modern MS treatment options, but they are felt to be generally safe and well-tolerated. Injectio...Demyelination; Multiple Sclerosis; Disease-modifying Therapy; Relapsing; ProgressiveNeuro-Ophthalmology Virtual Education Library: NOVEL http://NOVEL.utah.edu
124 Multiple Sclerosis LateropulsionPowerPoint slideshow describing the condition.Deviation of the Eyes Under Closed Lids; Lateropulsion; Multiple SclerosisNeuro-ophthalmology Virtual Education Library: NOVEL http://NOVEL.utah.edu
125 Multiple Sclerosis LateropulsionThis 44 year old woman has a diagnosis of Multiple Sclerosis. See also: http://content.lib.utah.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ehsl-shw/id/281Deviation of the Eyes Under Closed Lids; Lateropulsion; Multiple SclerosisNeuro-ophthalmology Virtual Education Library: NOVEL http://NOVEL.utah.edu
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