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TitleDescriptionCreator
76 NeurosarcoidosisThis is an illustrated guide to the clinical diagnosis of neurosarcoidosis. Sarcoidosis is a chronic systemic inflammatory disorder characterized by non-caseating granulomas. It can affect multiple organ systems including the lungs, skin, orbit, and brain. When there is central nervous system (CNS) ...Bryce Buchowicz, MD; Valérie Biousse, MD
77 Optic Disc Edema and PseudoedemaA presentation covering how to approach optic disc edema, including clinical characteristics and the distinction of pseudoedema.Rahul A. Sharma, MD, MPH; Valérie Biousse, MD
78 Dilated Episcleral Vessels from Carotid Cavernous Fistula51 year white woman with a 6 months history of chronic right eye redness, periorbital swelling and progressive proptosis. She was seen by multiple providers and treated for dry eye and conjunctivitis. Her examination showed normal visual acuity, color vision and pupils. There was an intraocular pres...Amani Alzayani, MD; Valérie Biousse, MD; Ling Chen Chien, MD
79 Choroidal Infarction in Giant Cell ArteritisAn 80-year-old Caucasian woman presented with a 10-day history of headaches, intermittent binocular diplopia, and jaw pain. Temporal artery biopsy confirmed a diagnosis of giant cell arteritis. Examination showed characteristic large area of choroidal ischemia that is well-known to be associated wit...Wael A. Alsakran, MD; Andre Aung, MD; Valérie Biousse, MD
80 Classic Pathology Findings in Giant Cell ArteritisAn 80-year-old Caucasian woman presented with a 10 day history of headaches, intermittent binocular diplopia, and jaw pain. Temporal artery biopsy confirmed a diagnosis of giant cell arteritis. Pathology findings were classic for giant cell arteritis with numerous inflammatory cells in the tunica me...Andre Aung, MD; Corrina Azarcon, MD; Wael A. Alsakran, MD; Valérie Biousse, MD
81 MRI Findings in Giant Cell ArteritisCase 1. An 80-year-old Caucasian woman presented with a 10-day history of headaches, intermittent binocular diplopia, and jaw pain. Temporal artery biopsy confirmed a diagnosis of giant cell arteritis. MRI with contrast showed enhancement of bilateral optic nerve sheaths in addition to enhancement o...Wael A. Alsakran, MD; Andre Aung, MD; Valérie Biousse, MD
82 Artifact from Incomplete Orbital Fat Suppression on Magnetic Resonance ImagingOrbital fat has short relaxation times that results in a hyperintense appearance on T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Fat suppressed T1 MRI sequences are needed to remove the fat signal and better visualize the orbital anatomy, including the optic nerve. Contrast can be used with fat sup...Matthew Boyko, MD; Valérie Biousse, MD
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