NOVEL - Robert B. Daroff Collection
 
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TitleDescriptionType
1 Downbeat NystagmusPrimary position downbeat nystagmus is demonstrated, with a list of the common causes.Image/MovingImage
2 Pause Cell DysfunctionsThis reviews the ocular oscillations caused by pause cell dysfunctions.Image/MovingImage
3 Nystagmus NomenclatureA brief discussion of the various types of nystagmus is provided.Image/MovingImage
4 Ocular FlutterOcular Flutter, a disorder characterized by intermittent, rapid, horizontal movements in primary position, is demonstrated in this video.Image/MovingImage
5 Periodic Alternating NystagmusA patient with PAN is shown with a discussion of its appearance and etiology.Image/MovingImage
6 Anatomy and Physiology of NystagmusThe role of the cerebellum in modifying the output of the neural integrator is discussed. Impaired integration causes jerk nystagmus with increasing or decreasing velocity exponential slow phases.Image/MovingImage
7 Bilateral Horizontal Gaze PalsyA patient with a bilateral PPRF lesion displays intact vertical gaze and convergence.Image/MovingImage
8 Eye Movement Modeling; Eye-Ear TricksA surgical resident was able to combine eye and ear movements as a party trick, to intimidate a first year neurology resident.Image/MovingImage
9 Opsoclonus in an InfantAn infant with Infantile Opsoclonus-Myoclonus ("Dancing Eyes, Dancing Feet"), with a likely underlying neuroblastoma is shown and the differential diagnosis of opsoclonus in infants and children is listed.Image/MovingImage
10 Pause Cell Dysfunction: Ocular FlutterBurst neurons are tonically inhibited by the pause neurons, which lie in the nucleus raphe interpositus. Lesions of the pause neurons result in ocular flutter.Image/MovingImage
11 Recording and Modeling Eye MovementsA brief discussion of the power and perhaps limitations of eye movement modeling is presented.Image/MovingImage
12 Up-beat Nystagmus with Palatal MyoclonusA woman who appears to have upbeat nystagmus is also noted to have palatal, labial, and sternocleidomastoid myoclonus.Image/MovingImage
13 Alexander's LawThis describes the observed increase in vestibular nystagmus with gaze in the direction of the fast phase, and its decrease with gaze in the slow phase direction.Image/MovingImage
14 Bilateral Internulcear OphthalmoplegiaA woman with a bilateral INO demonstrates impaired adduction and nystagmus of the abducting eyes. Her vertical gaze is intact. The dissociated optokinetic nystagmus, due to an inability of the medial recti to generate normal saccades, is again shown.Image/MovingImage
15 Cerebellar Eye Signs: OverviewThe wide array of cerebellar eye signs, includes, among others, saccadic intrusions and oscillations, nystagmus, gaze palsies, and impairment of the vestibulo-ocular reflex.Image/MovingImage
16 Chiari Malformation: Eye MovementsThe eye movement disorders commonly accompanying Chiari malformations are listed. These are generally the same as with lesions of the cerebellum.Image/MovingImage
17 Defective PursuitA patient with a cerebral hemispherectomy manifests ipsilateral low-gain (saccadic) pursuit, and impaired optokinetic nystagmus when the targets are moved towards the lesioned side. The multiple causes of pursuit abnormalities are discussed.Image/MovingImage
18 Defective Saccades: Frontal Lobe LesionA patient with a right frontal lobe infarction demonstrates loss of saccades to the left with preservation of pursuit.Image/MovingImage
19 Gaze Evoked Ear RetractionLarge ears normally retract during ipsilateral gaze, as shown in this segment. However, it won't be noted unless you look for it. "You see what you look for, and you look for what you know."Image/MovingImage
20 Gustatory Lid Retraction in Congenital Horner's SyndromeA young girl with unilateral ptosis from a congenital Horner's syndrome demonstrates a distinctively rare phenomenon of resolution of the ptosis by sucking lemon juice.Image/MovingImage
21 Ocular DysmetriaUpon attempted refixation, patients with this cerebellar eye sign over-shoot and oscillate, before eventually reaching their intended targets. Two patients demonstrate this disorder.Image/MovingImage
22 Psychogenic Gaze PalsyPsychogenic Gaze-Palsy is unusual but can usually be detected during Oculo-cephalics when the eyebrows don't elevate during attempted upward gaze.Image/MovingImage
23 Wall-Eyed Internuclear OphthalmoplegiaSome patients with bilateral INOs are exotropic. Convergence is variable; it may be completely normal in both eyes, absent bilaterally, or present in one eye only.Image/MovingImage
24 Accomodative Gaze Palsy or Convergence SpasmThis is a psychogenic disorder that may mimic lateral rectus palsy. The clue is pupillary constriction during attempted lateral gaze.Image/MovingImage
25 Classifications of Internuclear OphthalmoplegiaBoth the Lutz and Cogan classifications of INO separate them into anterior and posterior varieties. The Cogan classification, which depends upon the presence or absence of convergence, is not particularly useful for localization. The Lutz posterior INO, which is a supranuclear pareses of abduction, ...Image/MovingImage
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