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Title | Description | Type |
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The Wall-Eyed Potato Farmer | Young man presenting with apparent episodic neurologic evants that initially was thought to be multiple sclerosis, but as time went on, he had progressive changes in his neurologic exam and in his imaging findings. Brain biopsy revealed Gliomatosis cerebri. Anatomy: Brain Stem; Pons; Midbrain. Patho... | Text |
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A-scan Technique | This video describes and demonstrates the A-scan examination technique for examination of the eye using ultrasonography. | Image/MovingImage |
3 |
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Transillumination Ocular Melanoma | Video describing condition. | Image/MovingImage |
4 |
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Introduction to Headache, Migraine and Secondary Headaches | Video lecture covering an introduction to headache, migraine, and secondary headaches by Kathleen Digre, MD. | Image/MovingImage |
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Aberrant Regeneration of the Third and Sixth Nerves | | Image/MovingImage |
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Opsoclonus | Example of patients with opsoclonus, a saccadic abnormality. | Image/MovingImage |
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Brun's Nystagmus | Observation of patient with Brun's Nystagmus. Shows patient gazing to the right and the nystagmus beating in the direction of the gaze. | Image/MovingImage |
8 |
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Cogan's Lid Twitch | Example of a patient with Cogan's lid twitch, with discussion of how to detect it in an exam. | Image/MovingImage |
9 |
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Dissociated Nystagmus | Example of a patient with dissociated nystagmus. Demonstrates difference in movements between each eye. | Image/MovingImage |
10 |
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Physiologic (End-Gaze) Nystagmus | Demonstration of physiological nystagmus, where oscillations do not represent pathology, but occur when the patient's gaze is drawn too far laterally. | Image/MovingImage |
11 |
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Rotary Nystagmus | Example of a patient with rotary nystagmus, showing occasional counterclockwise rotary movements of both eyes. Seen more in intrinsic disorders of the brainstem. | Image/MovingImage |
12 |
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Square Wave Jerks | Example of patient with square wave jerks. Discussion of difference between square wave jerks (saccadic oscillations) and horizontal nystagmus. | Image/MovingImage |
13 |
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Basic Neurologic Exam: Sensory | Demonstration of a sensory examination. | Image/MovingImage |
14 |
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Abducting (Dissociated) Nystagmus | Example of a patient with abducting (dissociated) nystagmus. Patient has a subtle internuclear ophthalmoplegia. Right eye has right-beating jerk nystagmus, with smaller oscillations in the left eye. Disease/Diagnosis: Abducting Nystagmus | Image/MovingImage |
15 |
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Congenital Ocular Motor Apraxia | Two examples of congenital ocular motor apraxia. Patients have trouble initiating saccades, and compensate with head movement. Discussion of how to distinguish this condition from simply not seeing well. | Image/MovingImage |
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Convergence Retraction Nystagmus (Parinaud's Syndrome) | Examples of patients with convergence retraction nystagmus. Shows saccadic oscillations in patients looking upwards and following downwards moving targets. Also shows a side-view of the retracting movements of the globes. | Image/MovingImage |
17 |
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Downbeat Nystagmus | Example of patients with downbeating jerk nystagmus. Demonstrates how oscillations grow more prominent when the patient gazes down or laterally. Discusses some causes, including Arnold-Chiari malformation, infarction, and demyelination. | Image/MovingImage |
18 |
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Latent Nystagmus | Example of a patient with latent nystagmus. Demonstrates a lack of oscillations in forward gaze, followed by the occlusion of each eye, showing how this generates a jerking oscillation in the non-occluded eye away from the occluded eye. | Image/MovingImage |
19 |
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Levator Disinsertion | Example of patient with levator disinsertion, a lid disorder. Patient is pregnant and wears poorly fitting contacts. Discussion of characteristics, such as lid ptosis (shown in the left eye of patient), but with full levator function. | Image/MovingImage |
20 |
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Light-near Dissociation | Example of patient with Argyll Robertson pupil with neurosyphilis. Shows a lack of pupillary response to light and some pupillary response to nearness of finger. | Image/MovingImage |
21 |
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Ocular Flutter | Two examples of patients, the first with rotary, flutter-like movements, but not ocular flutter, and the second with genuine ocular flutter. Discussion of difference between ocular flutter and nystagmus, and how to elicit ocular flutter. | Image/MovingImage |
22 |
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Periodic Alternating Nystagmus | Example of a patient with periodic alternating nystagmus, showing an alternation between left-beats and right-beats as the patient maintains forward gaze. Nystagmus maintain horizontal direction regardless of position of gaze. | Image/MovingImage |
23 |
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Pulsating Exophthalmos | Example of a patient with neurofibromatosis with an absent sphenoid wing. Shows left eye pulsating back and forth with the pulse from front and side views. | Image/MovingImage |
24 |
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Rebound Nystagmus | Example of a patient with rebound nystagmus, where the oscillations alternate direction as the patient shifts gaze in different directions. Discussion of relationship to disease and disorders of the cerebellum, including degenerations of the cerebellum, infarction, and demyelination. | Image/MovingImage |
25 |
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Transillumination - Ciliary Body Neurofibromas | Example of transillumination on a patient with neurofibromatosis, but without Lisch nodules. Shows suspected neurofibromas in the ciliary body. | Image/MovingImage |