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TitleDescriptionType
1 Aberrant Regeneration of the ThirdPatient with a right third nerve palsy demonstrates ptosis, anisocoria and ophthalmoplegia. During attempted downgaze, the right upper lid flutters back up (aberrant movement) and remains retracted.Image/MovingImage
2 Bilateral Internuclear OphthalmoplegiaExample of patient with bilateral internuclear ophthalmoplegia. Patient is led through instructions for direction and distance of gaze.Image/MovingImage
3 Brainstem TraumaImage/MovingImage
4 Cogan's Lid TwitchImage/MovingImage
5 Third Nerve PalsyPatient with third nerve palsy (no audio)Image/MovingImage
6 Vestibular NystagmusExample of patient with vestibular nystagmus. Patient is led through instructions for direction of gaze. Shown also with Frenzel goggles.Image/MovingImage
7 Abducting (Dissociated) NystagmusExample of a patient with abducting (dissociated) nystagmus. Patient has a subtle internuclear ophthalmoplegia. Right eye has right-beating jerk nystagmus, with smaller oscillations in the left eye. Disease/Diagnosis: Abducting NystagmusImage/MovingImage
8 Congenital Ocular Motor ApraxiaTwo examples of congenital ocular motor apraxia. Patients have trouble initiating saccades, and compensate with head movement. Discussion of how to distinguish this condition from simply not seeing well.Image/MovingImage
9 Dissociated NystagmusExample of a patient with dissociated nystagmus. Demonstrates difference in movements between each eye.Image/MovingImage
10 Internuclear Ophthalmoplegia (2 Examples)Two examples of patients with internuclear ophthalmoplegia. First patient has a right internuclear ophthalmoplegia. Patient had subacute bacterial endocarditis with a bacterial abscess in the brain stem. Ductions and gaze to the right look good, but when gazing to the left, the right eye does not ad...Image/MovingImage
11 Latent NystagmusExample of a patient with latent nystagmus. Demonstrates a lack of oscillations in forward gaze, followed by the occlusion of each eye, showing how this generates a jerking oscillation in the non-occluded eye away from the occluded eye.Image/MovingImage
12 OpsoclonusExample of patients with opsoclonus, a saccadic abnormality.Image/MovingImage
13 Paradoxical Constriction of Pupils to Darkness (Flynn Phenomenon)Example of patients both with and without paradoxical constriction of pupils. Observed in many congenital retinal disorders, such as achromatopsia, congenital stationary night-blindness, and Leber's congenital amaurosis. Sometimes seen in optic nerve disorders, such as dominant optic atrophy.Image/MovingImage
14 Physiologic (End-Gaze) NystagmusDemonstration of physiological nystagmus, where oscillations do not represent pathology, but occur when the patient's gaze is drawn too far laterally.Image/MovingImage
15 Spasm of the Near ReflexExample of patient with spasm of the near reflex and voluntary nystagmus. Discussion of similar-looking conditions (e.g. six nerve palsy, limitation of abduction, lateral rectus muscle problems) and how to tell them apart from spasm of the near reflex by observing the myosis evoked by the near respo...Image/MovingImage
16 Transillumination Ocular MelanomaVideo describing condition.Image/MovingImage
17 Upbeat NystagmusExample of a patient with upbeat nystagmus. Shows vertical jerk nystagmus with fast phases in the up direction. Localizes to brain stem, and occurs with strokes, demyelination, and tumors.Image/MovingImage
18 Vestibular NystagmusDiscussion of vestibular nystagmus. Seen with peripheral disorders and central disorders, and in two varieties: spontaneous and positional. Horizontal jerk with small amplitude.Image/MovingImage
19 Aberrant Regeneration of the Third and Sixth NervesImage/MovingImage
20 Gaze Palsy with Facial Weakness from Pontine AVMExample of a patient with torsional nystagmus in both eyes and pendular nystagmus in the left eye. Patient is led through instructions for direction of gaze.Image/MovingImage
21 Ocular MyastheniaExample of patient with myasthenia gravis. Demonstration of tensilon test. Patient shown to have bilateral ptosis, bilateral duction deficits, and left hypertropia. Discussion of techniques to observe subtle changes, such as bringing in a neutral observer or taking still photographs. Shows split-scr...Image/MovingImage
22 Wall-Eyed Bilateral Internuclear Ophthalmoplegia (WEBINO)Example of patient with horizontal binocular diplopia. Demonstration of exam, which shows alternating exotropia in cover test. As patient follows object, right eye does not pass the midline as the object moves to the left, while left eye go slightly past the midline, but does not abduct completely. ...Image/MovingImage
23 Wall-Eyed Bilateral Internuclear Ophthalmoplegia (WEBINO)Example of patient with Wall-Eyed Bilateral Internuclear Ophthalmoplegia. Patient is led through instructions for direction and distance of gaze.Image/MovingImage
24 Spontaneous Venous PulsationsThis clips shows a spontaneous venous pulsation viewed during an ocular examination.Image/MovingImage
25 Duane's Retraction Syndrome Type 3Example of a patient with Type 3 Duane's Retraction Syndrome, as well as bilateral Duane's Syndrome. Shows limitation of abduction in both eyes and adduction in the left eye. Also shows side-view of globe retraction in abduction.Image/MovingImage
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