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TitleDescriptionCreator
1 Direct Carotid-Cavernous Sinus FistulaA 40-year-old man presented with decreased vision and redness in his left eye. He had a significant trauma to the left side of his face about one year ago, but did not seek medical attention. External examination showed significant proptosis of the left eye (Figure 1) and conjunctival injection and ...Jonathan A. Micieli, MD; Valérie Biousse, MD
2 Fundus AutofluorescenceThe retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) has many important functions including phagocytosis of the photoreceptor outer segments. The metabolism of the photoreceptor outer segments leads to the formation of lipofuscin. Disease states and potentially increased oxidative damage can lead to the buildup of ...Jonathan A. Micieli, MD; Valérie Biousse, MD
3 Ganglion Cell Layer Analysis by Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT)A normal optical coherence tomography (OCT) of the macula is shown (Figure 1) and the various layers of the retina are labelled (Figure 2). The cell bodies of retinal ganglion cells (RGC) are located in the ganglion cell layer (GCL) of the retina and mostly synapse in the lateral geniculate nucleus ...Jonathan A. Micieli, MD; Valérie Biousse, MD
4 Incipient Non-Arteritic Anterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy (NAION)A 61-year old white man with hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidema was seen in neuro-ophthalmology consultation for asymptomatic right optic disc edema. He had a small, crowded optic disc in the left eye known as a "disc-at-risk" (Figure 1). He had normal visual function including normal 24-2 SITA...Jonathan A. Micieli, MD; Valérie Biousse, MD
5 Incipient Non-Arteritic Anterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy (NAION) Evolving to Symptomatic NAIONA 54-year old woman with hypertension was seen in neuro-ophthalmology consultation for asymptomatic left optic disc edema. She had a small, crowded optic disc in the right eye known as a "disc-at-risk" (Figure 1). Her visual function including 24-2 SITA-Fast Humphrey visual fields were normal in bot...Jonathan A. Micieli, MD; Valérie Biousse, MD
6 Junctional Scotoma from a Sellar MassThis is a case of a 55-year-old woman presenting with gradual painless vision loss in both eyes. Although visual acuity was 20/20 in both eyes, there was a left relative afferent pupillary defect and diffuse pallor of both optic nerves (Figure 1). Visual fields (24-2 SITA-Fast) showed a temporal def...Jonathan A. Micieli, MD; Valérie Biousse, MD
7 Non-Arteritic Anterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy (NAION) With Segmental Optic Disc EdemaA 75-year old white woman with hypertension and diabetes presented with a 1 week history of vision loss in the right eye. Dilated fundus examination revealed superior segmental optic disc edema in the right eye and a small, crowded optic disc in the left eye known as a "disc-at-risk" (Figure 1). Int...Jonathan A. Micieli, MD; Valérie Biousse, MD
8 Optical Coherence Tomography of the Retinal Nerve Fiber LayerA normal optical coherence tomography (OCT) of the macula is shown highlighting the position of a single retinal ganglion cell and its axon in the retinal nerve fiber layer (Figure 1). The topographical relationship of retinal ganglion cells in the retina to the visual field and position in the ante...Jonathan A. Micieli, MD; Valérie Biousse, MD
9 Right Lateral Mediullary Syndrome (Wallenberg Syndrome) With Lateropulsion and Ocular Tilt ReactionA 55-year old man presented with acute onset right-sided facial numbness, left-sided body numbness, vertigo, right ptosis, and binocular vertical diplopia. External examination showed right ptosis and miosis indicating a right Horner syndrome (Figure 1). He had gaze-evoked nystagmus only on right g...Jonathan A. Micieli, MD; Valérie Biousse, MD
10 Sequential Non-Arteritic Anterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy (NAION)A 68-year old woman with hypertension, obstructive sleep apnea and obesity was seen in neuro-ophthalmology consultation for vision loss in the right eye. She had right optic disc edema with a small optic disc hemorrhage a small, crowded optic disc in the left eye known as a "disc-at-risk" (Figure 1)...Jonathan A. Micieli, MD; Valérie Biousse, MD
11 Typical Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension: Optic Nerve Appearance and Brain MRI FindingsA 24-year old African American woman was referred for bilateral optic disc edema that was incidentally noted on a routine eye examination. She had excellent visual function and dilated examination showed bilateral optic disc edema with peripapillary wrinkles in the right eye and pseudodrusen in the ...Jonathan A. Micieli, MD; Valérie Biousse, MD
12 Vitreopapillary TractionA 64-year-old woman was referred for bilateral optic disc edema. Examination of her optic nerves showed indistinct margins at the nasal aspect of both eyes (Figure 1). Humphrey 24-2 SITA-Fast visual fields showed non-specific depressed points in both eyes (Figure 2). Optical coherence tomography (...Jonathan A. Micieli, MD; Valérie Biousse, MD
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