NOVEL - Shirley H. Wray Collection
 
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1 Alcoholic Cerebellar DegenerationThe patient is a 72 year old woman who presented with a 4 year history of progressive difficulty with balance, frequent falls and unsteadiness walking. She required a cane to steady herself. Past History: Significant for alcohol abuse. In 1980, she came to Boston for a second opinion and was seen...Text
2 Alexia Without AgraphiaThe patient is a 69 year old left handed man with a history of hypertension, insulin dependent diabetes mellitus and atrial fibrillation. Treated with coumadin, adjusted to keep the INR between 2 and 3. On the morning of admission he awoke at 4 a.m., sat momentarily on the side of the bed and then...Text
3 Alzheimers DiseaseThe patient is a 78 year old left handed woman with a diagnosis of a left parietal infarct in 1995, bilateral carotid artery stenosis and hypertension. She was first seen in August 1997 for evaluation of involuntary movements of the lower face in the setting of rapidly progressive dementia and was...Text
4 Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (Guest Lecture)Text
5 Bilateral Internuclear OphthalmoplegiaThis patient was seen at the Yale Eye Center at the age of 37. She had a long history of multiple sclerosis. At age 22, she had an acute attack of optic neuritis in the left eye which recovered fully within three weeks. Some months later she had a recurrent episode in the same eye, which also ...Text
6 Bilateral PtosisThis case, previously reported in 2007, is published courtesy of John Newsom-Davis, M.D., FRCP, FRS, CBE. Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford. This patient was unusual in presenting in early childhood and the development of persistent facial muscle and tongue...Text
7 Blepharospasm Round Up (Guest Lecture)Text
8 Brain Control of Horizontal Saccadic Eye Movements (Guest Lecture)Text
9 Brain MRI in Multiple Sclerosis (Guest Lecture)Text
10 Brainstem Cavernous AngiomaThe patient is a 50 year old woman who presented in November 1977 with a transient facial droop, nystagmus, diplopia, dysarthria and vertigo. She was admitted to New England Tufts Medical Center and had an extensive workup including an electroencephalogram, first generation CT brain scan, angiogram ...Text
11 Cavernous AngiomaThe patient is a 19 year old sophomore who presented in 1983 with numbness of the left hand, involving initially just the fingers, and numbness and weakness of the right side of the face. He described the numbness in his hand as if it was "intensely asleep". The facial numbness involved the peri...Text
12 Cavernous Sinus MeningiomaThis patient is a 46 year old woman from Portugal who was admitted to the Massachusetts General Hospital in September 1986 with ophthalmoplegia of the left eye (OS) and signs of aberrant reinnervation of the third nerve. She presented, in August 1985, with an episode of diplopia. The diplopia was s...Text
13 Charles Bonnet SyndromeThe patient is a 79 year old woman with a chief complaint of visual hallucinations. She carries a diagnosis of glaucoma and cataracts. The patient was in good health until two weeks prior to admission when she noted a black cloud in her visual field in the top central area. The cloud gradually c...Text
14 Chest CT Thymoma (Guest Lecture)Text
15 Chiari I MalformationText
16 Childhood Migraine DiseaseText
17 Claudes SyndromeThe patient is a 76 year old woman who woke one morning unable to see out of her right eye because of ptosis. She came to the Massachusetts General Hospital emergency room and was admitted. Neurological Examination: Right third nerve palsy involving the pupil Ataxia of the left hand on finger-nose t...Text
18 Clivus ChordomaThis 46 year old patient had at age 6, a tendency for the left eye to wander out. Her face photograph at that age shows an exotropia and at age 7, a year later, the exotropia was not quite as prominent. It was assumed that the exotropia was due to a non-paralytic strabismus. Past History: ...Text
19 CNS LymphomaText
20 Congenital Horizontal Gaze Palsy Progressive ScoliosisThe patient is an 8 year old boy with a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by congenital absence of conjugate horizontal eye movements preservation of vertical gaze and convergence and progressive scoliosis (HGPPS) developing in childhood. The child was referred to Dr. Cogan with a ...Text
21 Constructional ApraxiaText
22 Convergence InsufficiencyThe patient is a 73 year old man with a ten year history of idiopathic Parkinson's disease characterized by difficulty in walking, generalized rigidity and a mild tremor of his hands at rest with deterioration in his handwriting. He denied any memory impairment or loss of cognitive function. He w...Text
23 Downbeat NystagmusThis 58 year old engineer was referred by his neurologist for evaluation of periodic episodes of difficulty focusing and blurred vision for 8 years. In 1981 whilst sightseeing in Newport, he became acutely aware of difficulty focusing and blurry vision. The symptoms lasted for twenty minutes and t...Text
24 Downbeat Nystagmus PANThis patient carries a diagnosis of multiple sclerosis.Text
25 Essential Palatal TremorThe patient is a 25 year old meteorologist from Tennessee who came to Boston in the summer of 1992 to vacation with his family on the Cape. His illness started with flu-like symptoms, low grade fever from 99 to 100F, sweating and episodes of light headedness associated with occasional nausea, indige...Text
26 Eyebrow Spasm (Guest Lecture)This case is published courtesy of Daniel J. Costello, M.D., Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston. The patient is a 32-year-old right-handed man with an established diagnosis of Tuberous Sclerosis Complex characterized by: - medically intractable epilepsy - developmental...Text
27 Familial Amyotrophic Lateral SclerosisThis 58 year old woman was referred to Dr. Robert Brown in March 1995 for evaluation of slurred speech. She remained under his care until her death. On examination she had signs of a pseudobulbar palsy: Dysarthria and dysphagia Diminished palatal movement...Text
28 Frontotemporal DementiaThe patient is a 68 year old right handed retired air conditioner repair man who presented with impaired balance and slow walking. For about one year he had noted difficulty lifting his feet high enough when climbing the stairs. From that time on, his movements slowed and worsened so that he had ...Text
29 Hemifacial SpasmThe patient is a 72 year old man with myopia, childhood exotropia, progressive age related ptosis and right hemifacial spasm. Hemifacial spasm (HS) most often begins insidiously in the orbicularis oculi muscle in the early stages, as in this man. He presented with a 2 year history of involuntary t...Text
30 Horizontal Gaze PalsyThis 56 year old woman with known adenocarcinoma of the breast presented with the recent onset of horizontal diplopia and deviation of her left eye inwards. Her oncologist referred her for a neuro-ophthalmic evaluation. This 56 year old woman with known adenocarcinoma of the breast presented with...Text
31 Internuclear Ophthalmoplegia in Childhood (Guest Lecture)Text
32 LateropulsionThis 60 year old patient has Wallenberg's syndrome due to infarction of the left dorsolateral medulla. Wallenberg's syndrome is the best recognized syndrome involving the vestibular nuclei and adjacent structures. Unilateral infarcts affecting the vestibular nuclei may produce an oculomotor imbalanc...Text
33 Lessons from the Bench and BedsideText
34 Lid LagThe classical eye signs of thyroid associated ophthalmopathy (TAO) of Graves' Disease is illustrated by case ID925-4. This 50 year old woman with TAO is included in the collection because she illustrates very well lid lag (persistent elevation of the upper eyelid in downgaze) - von Graefe sign E...Text
35 Midbrain HemorrhageThe patient is a 49 year old woman who was in good health until January 17, 1991. When, at work one morning, she had an acute attack of light headedness and double vision and collapsed on the floor without loss of consciousness. She developed a severe retro-orbital headache. She was taken to t...Text
36 Migraine Visual AuraThe patient is a 9 year old right handed boy who developed headaches in 1993 at the age of 8. At that time he told his mother that he had bad headaches starting at the back of the head, usually bioccipital, spreading over the top of the head to his forehead. The headaches were short in duration la...Text
37 Miller Fisher Syndrome (Guest Lecture)Text
38 Mitochondrial Myopathy (Guest Lecture)Text
39 Movement Disorders: A Brief OverviewText
40 Multiple SclerosisText
41 Multiple SclerosisThe patient is a 56 year old woman who presented in 1982, at the age of 48, with a one week history of painless loss of vision in the left eye. Past History: Negative for a previous attack of optic neuritis or transient neurological symptoms. Family History: Negative for CNS disease Neuro-ophth...Text
42 Multiple Sclerosis LateropulsionThis 44 year old woman has a diagnosis of Multiple Sclerosis.Text
43 Myasthenia Gravis (Guest Lecture)The patient is a 46 year old woman who presented in July 1977 with horizontal double vision lasting two weeks. Three weeks later the left upper eyelid started to droop and by the end of the day the eye was closed. She had no ptosis of the right eye and no generalized fatigue. She consulted an in...Text
44 Myasthenia ThymomaThe patient is a 46 year old woman who presented in July 1977 with horizontal double vision lasting two weeks. Three weeks later the left upper eyelid started to droop and by the end of the day the eye was closed. She had no ptosis of the right eye and no generalized fatigue. She consulted an in...Text
45 NeuroblastomaThe patient is Case 27-1995 Case Records of the Massachusetts General Hospital (New Eng. J Medicine 1995, 333:579-586). The discusser was Dr. Elizabeth Engle, Associate Professor of Neurology, Harvard Medical School. The baby girl was born after a 30 week gestation, with a birth weight of 1.25 k...Text
46 Ocular Motor Apraxia (Guest Lecture)Text
47 Ocular Myasthenia Gravis (Guest Lecture)Text
48 Oculomasticatory Myorhythmia (Guest Lecture)Text
49 One and a Half SyndromeText
50 Overview of TDP 43 (Guest Lecture)Text
51 Palatal TremorText
52 Paraneoplastic Ocular FlutterThe patient is a 58 year old woman with known hypertension. In 1994, two weeks prior to admission she had a dramatic change in behavior with insomnia, agitation and depression. This was accompanied by "ringing of hands and anxiety for no apparent reason". She became anorexic, lost 15 pounds ...Text
53 Paraneoplastic OpsocolonusThis patient is the index case of the Anti-Ri antibody, published in Annals of Neurology in 1988 (4). The Anti-Ri antibody is recognized to be a paraneoplastic marker in patients with breast and gynecological malignancies (10). The history of this case is particularly important because she was in...Text
54 Paraneoplastic Upbeat NystagmusThis case was presented to the Clinical Eye Movement Society at the American Neurological Association Meeting in October 2009. The patient is a 65 year old woman who was in good health until seven weeks prior to admission. On June 22/09 on the return flight from her daughter's wedding in Oregon she ...Text
55 Parasellar MeningiomaThis patient is a 58 year old woman from Peru who, in 1975, developed intermittent headaches and right retro-orbital eye pain. She was seen by several ophthalmologists in South America who were unable to make a diagnosis. In March 1977 she awoke one morning with vertical diplopia most marked on...Text
56 Parkinson's DiseaseText
57 Parkinson's Disease (Guest Lecture)Text
58 Pendular OscillationsThis 37 year old woman has had progressive multiple sclerosis (MS) affecting the cerebellum and brainstem for 6 years. Neurological examination: Titubation Dysarthria Incoordination of the extremities Ataxic gait Spastic paraparesis with generalized hyperreflexia and extensor plantar responses. ...Text
59 Pendular Vertical OscillationsText
60 Pontine InfarctionThe patient is a 62 year old right handed man, status post myocardial infarction in 1989 and on Coumadin. In 1993 he presented with a history of three separate TIAs 1. Instantaneous perioral tingling and/or numbness lasting less than 1 minute. 2. Episodic numbness of the right hand and foot lasti...Text
61 Progressive External OphthalmoplegiaText
62 Progressive Supranuclear PalsyText
63 Saccades (Guest Lecture)Text
64 Selective saccadic palsyThis case is published courtesy of Scott D.Z. Eggers, M.D., Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine (1). The patient is a healthy 50 year old woman who underwent otherwise uncomplicated aortic valve replacement for an incidentally discovered ascending aortic aneurysm. Upon awakeni...Text
65 Supranuclear Paralysis of DowngazeJohn Trojanowski and I published this case in Neurology in 1980.(12) At that time, it was one of the first of five reports in the literature of the pathological localization of lesions in the midbrain that are responsible for selective supranuclear paralysis of downgaze. This case is of particula...Text
66 Supranuclear Paralysis of Vertical GazeThis case was presented to the Clinical Eye Movement Society at the American Neurological Association Meeting in October 2007. The patient is a healthy, 36 year old Lieutenant Commander in the Coast Guard who was last seen perfectly well at 2 a.m. on the day of admission. He awoke in the morning ...Text
67 Tauopathies (Guest Lecture)A contemporary way to consider a set of neurodegenerative diseases based on their molecular signature.Text
68 Thalamic InfarctThe patient is a 64 year old man with no major past medical history who, on the day of admission, suddenly developed loss of vision in both eyes and then was unable to open his eyes on his own unless he used his hands. Holding his eyelids open his vision was very blurry. Within minutes he lost con...Text
69 Thalamic Stroke and Disordered Sleep (Guest Lecture)Text
70 Third Nerve PalsyThe patient is a 50 year old man with Type II Diabetes who presented to an outside hospital in September 1996 with ptosis and an inability to open the right eye. Five months prior to admission (PTA), he had flu-like symptoms with mild fever, sinus congestion and diffuse myalgia in the chest, abdo...Text
71 Thyroid Associated OrbitopathyThe classical eye signs of thyroid associated ophthalmopathy (TAO) of Graves' Disease is illustrated by case ID925-4. This 50 year old woman with TAO is included in the collection because she illustrates very well lid lag (persistent elevation of the upper eyelid in downgaze) - von Graefe sign E...Text
72 Transient Monocular Blindness (Guest Lecture)The patient is a 61 year old lawyer who carried a diagnoses of late onset diabetes mellitus, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and glaucoma. He presented with transient blurred vision in his left eye (OS) In June 1989 whilst standing in the intense sunlight in the parking lot of a shopping mall, the p...Text
73 Upbeat NystagmusThe patient, a 36 year old Italian, presented in October 1967, at the age of 27, with acute dizziness and ataxia. He was evaluated in Rome. A pneumoencephalogram showed hydrocephalus, attributed to arachnoiditis, and a ventriculo-atrial shunt was placed. Three months post shunt placement he ...Text
74 Visual NeglectText
75 Whipple's Disease (Guest Lecture)The patient is a 44 year old woman with a past history of ethanol abuse. She was transferred to the Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) on 3/10/93 for evaluation of memory impairment, hypothalamic dysfunction and a one month history of diplopia and ataxia. In February 1992 (13 months PTA), she ...Text
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