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Checkboard Visual Field Loss Due to Bilateral Homonymous Hemianopsias | A 70-year-old man with vascular risk factors was seen for assessment of sudden visual field loss in both eyes. His examination showed: visual acuity: 20/20 OD and 20/25 OS; pupils: equal with no relative afferent pupillary defect; color vision: 14/14 plates correct OU; anterior segment exam: normal ... | Rahul A. Sharma, MD, MPH; Valérie Biousse, MD |
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Ganglion Cell Layer Analysis by Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) | A normal optical coherence tomography (OCT) of the macula is shown (Figure 1) and the various layers of the retina are labelled (Figure 2). The cell bodies of retinal ganglion cells (RGC) are located in the ganglion cell layer (GCL) of the retina and mostly synapse in the lateral geniculate nucleus ... | Jonathan A. Micieli, MD; Valérie Biousse, MD |
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Right Occipital Arteriovenous Malformation presenting as a Migraineous Visual Aura | Migraine with visual aura is a distinct entity from a migraineous visual aura. A migraine with visual aura is characterized by a visual aura that does not prefer either visual field and accompanies a headache. The mechanism of the visual aura is via cortical spreading depression. A migraineous visua... | Nithya Shanmugam; Fernando Labella; Valerie Biousse |