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Title | Description | Type |
26 |
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Congenital Ocular Motor Apraxia | Two examples of congenital ocular motor apraxia. Patients have trouble initiating saccades, and compensate with head movement. Discussion of how to distinguish this condition from simply not seeing well. | Image/MovingImage |
27 |
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Convergence Retraction Nystagmus (Parinaud's Syndrome) | Examples of patients with convergence retraction nystagmus. Shows saccadic oscillations in patients looking upwards and following downwards moving targets. Also shows a side-view of the retracting movements of the globes. | Image/MovingImage |
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CPEO | Patient with Chronic Progressive External Ophthalmoplegia (CPEO) | Image/MovingImage |
29 |
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Dilation Lag | Two examples of dilation lag (Horner's syndrome). In the first example, the right pupil dilates much faster than the left pupil when the light is turned out. In the second example, the left pupil dilates much faster than the right pupil when the light is turned out. Discussion of methods of document... | Image/MovingImage |
30 |
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Dissociated Nystagmus | Example of a patient with dissociated nystagmus. Demonstrates difference in movements between each eye. | Image/MovingImage |
31 |
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Downbeat Nystagmus | Example of patients with downbeating jerk nystagmus. Demonstrates how oscillations grow more prominent when the patient gazes down or laterally. Discusses some causes, including Arnold-Chiari malformation, infarction, and demyelination. | Image/MovingImage |
32 |
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Downbeat Nystagmus | Example of patient with downbeat nystagmus. Patient is led through instructions of where to gaze. (no audio) | Image/MovingImage |
33 |
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Downbeat Nystagmus | Example of patient with downbeat nystagmus. Patient is led through instructions of where to gaze. | Image/MovingImage |
34 |
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Duane's Retraction Syndrome Type 1: Lid Retraction | Example of patients with Duane's Retraction Syndrome, Type 1. Description of components of Duane's Syndrome: limitation of abduction, variable limitation of adduction, and palpebral fissure narrowing and globe retraction with attempted adduction. Type 1 includes limited or absent abduction with norm... | Image/MovingImage |
35 |
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Duane's Retraction Syndrome Type 3 | Example of a patient with Type 3 Duane's Retraction Syndrome, as well as bilateral Duane's Syndrome. Shows limitation of abduction in both eyes and adduction in the left eye. Also shows side-view of globe retraction in abduction. | Image/MovingImage |
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Duane's Syndrome | Example of patient with Duane's Syndrome. Patient is led through instructions for pursuit. | Image/MovingImage |
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Duane's Syndrome Type 2: Aberrant Regeneration of the Third and Sixth Nerves | Example of a patient with Type 2 Duane's Syndrome. Demonstrates limitation of adduction in left eye with normal abduction. Discussion of limited pathological cases. | Image/MovingImage |
38 |
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Facial Myokymia Unilateral | Example of patient with facial myokymia, a disorder of the seventh nerve, probably due to brain stem involvement. Patient has multiple sclerosis. Discussion of characteristics, such as continuous, undulating, contractions in the distribution of the seventh nerve, and a spreading of these movements t... | Image/MovingImage |
39 |
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Flutter in Downgaze | Examination of patient with flutter in downgaze (no audio) | Image/MovingImage |
40 |
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Fourth Nerve Palsy | Demonstration of examination of patient who experienced blurry vision and pain in the left eye. Demonstrates checking of eye movements, focusing on object while each eye is covered and uncovered, turning head both ways and repeating. Shows limitation of depression in adduction of left eye, left hype... | Image/MovingImage |
41 |
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Gaze Palsy with Facial Weakness from Pontine AVM | Example of a patient with torsional nystagmus in both eyes and pendular nystagmus in the left eye. Patient is led through instructions for direction of gaze. | Image/MovingImage |
42 |
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Hemifacial Spasm | Example of patients with hemifacial spasm. First patient has a sequela of Bell's palsy, and is seen to have mainly clonic movements around the eye, with occasional tonic movements around the mouth. Second patient has a cerebellopontine angle epidurmoid tumor, and is seen to have movements around the... | Image/MovingImage |
43 |
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How to Measure the RAPD | This clip demonstrates the examination technique for measuring the Relative Afferent Pupillary Defect (RAPD). Demonstration of balancing an afferent papillary defect using filters in a patient with a resolving optic neuritis and an afferent papillary defect on the left. | Image/MovingImage |
44 |
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How to Use the Direct Ophthalmoscope in an Exam | Demonstration of using the direct ophthalmoscope to examine the optic disc. Covers hand placement , which eye to use, and distance from patient. | Image/MovingImage |
45 |
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Intermittent Square Wave Jerks | Patient with intermittent square wave jerks (no audio) | Image/MovingImage |
46 |
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Internuclear Ophthalmoplegia (2 Examples) | Two examples of patients with internuclear ophthalmoplegia. First patient has a right internuclear ophthalmoplegia. Patient had subacute bacterial endocarditis with a bacterial abscess in the brain stem. Ductions and gaze to the right look good, but when gazing to the left, the right eye does not ad... | Image/MovingImage |
47 |
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Latent Nystagmus | Example of a patient with latent nystagmus. Demonstrates a lack of oscillations in forward gaze, followed by the occlusion of each eye, showing how this generates a jerking oscillation in the non-occluded eye away from the occluded eye. | Image/MovingImage |
48 |
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Levator Disinsertion | Example of patient with levator disinsertion, a lid disorder. Patient is pregnant and wears poorly fitting contacts. Discussion of characteristics, such as lid ptosis (shown in the left eye of patient), but with full levator function. | Image/MovingImage |
49 |
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Light-near Dissociation | Example of patient with Argyll Robertson pupil with neurosyphilis. Shows a lack of pupillary response to light and some pupillary response to nearness of finger. | Image/MovingImage |
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Marcus Gunn Jaw Winking | Example of patient with Marcus Jaw Winking. Patient is led through instructions for movement of jaw (open, close, back and forth), with eyelid seen to be affected. Patient is then led through instructions for direction of gaze and pursuit. | Image/MovingImage |