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Filters: Collection Name: "James H. Madsen" Date: "1961" Collection: "uum_map"
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1 A geologic map of Utah, illustrates the strata conventionally colored differently according to geological age. Notice the San Rafael Swell, the dominant geologic and geographic feature in the eastcentral part of the State. The Cleveland-Lloyd Dinosaur Quarry (C-LDQ) is located on the northern end or nose of the Swell.P1048 James H. Madsen Photograph CollectionP1048n002
2 This view of the Cleveland-Lloyd Dinosaur Quarry (C-LDQ) in Emery County, Utah is typical of the primitive landscape and isolated areas, where many of Utah's dinosaurs are found and collected.P1048 James H. Madsen Photograph CollectionP1048n003
3 These colorful, Morrison Formation exposures are similar to the rock outcrops where dinosaur bones are found in many localities across the Colorado Plateau of Utah, New Mexico, and Colorado.P1048 James H. Madsen Photograph CollectionP1048n004
4 This oil painting by Utah artist, Gale Hammond, is his interpretation of dinosaur life at the Cleveland-Lloyd Quarry 147.5 million years ago. A large Allosaur looks on, while a second predator attacks a Camptosaur. Notice the vegetation and a ponderous sauropod dinosaur wading the shallow lake in the background. Few dinosaur Paleontologists now agree that sauropods spent much time swimming or wading, thereby risking getting mired in the mud of or adjacent to shallow bodies of water.P1048 James H. Madsen Photograph CollectionP1048n008
5 Painting interpretation of dinosaur life.P1048 James H. Madsen Photograph CollectionP1048n009a
6 Prior to excavation the Quarry surface was carefully divided into a one yard grid system. Note the stakes and flags, which facilitated the precise mapping of each bone before its removal and transport to the laboratory at the University of Utah for preparation, curation, and eventual study.P1048 James H. Madsen Photograph CollectionP1048n016
7 Some fossil bones from the C-LDQ, such as this left premaxilla of Allosaurus, require minimal or no special preparation in the laboratory, but such is the exception rather than the rule.P1048 James H. Madsen Photograph CollectionP1048n019
8 This section of the composite Cleveland-Lloyd Quarry map illustrates the jumbled condition of bones, as they were at the time of burial. They appear as though the disarticulated parts of nearly six dozen dinosaurs had been stirred into a huge pot of mud and left to be found, unscrambled, and described by vertebrate paleontologists 147 million years later. Accurate maps and carefully written records are an essential part of dinosaur collecting and subsequent scientific research.P1048 James H. Madsen Photograph CollectionP1048n021
9 These are fossil bones as discovered and uncovered in place at the Quarry. To one side are some of the tools used by the paleontologists who collect the fossils.P1048 James H. Madsen Photograph CollectionP1048n022a
10 Tools and supplies commonly used here are: ice-pick, brush,screwdriver, bayonet, broom, trowel, knee pads, scoop, glue, sample bags, insect spray, boxes, and tissue paper. Minimal preparation is done to facilitate collection in the field, but the careful, finish preparation on each bone is done only after the fossils have been carefully transported to the laboratory.P1048 James H. Madsen Photograph CollectionP1048n022b
11 The most demanding step in the study of dinosaurs takes place in the preparation laboratory, where a single bone may require more than a hundred hours of intense work before it can be analyzed in detail.P1048 James H. Madsen Photograph CollectionP1048n041
12 Much of the necessary preparation of fossil bones, as demonstrated on this premaxilla of Allosaurus, is done with a miniature air hammer called an AirScribe. The AirScribe is an indispensable tool in the careful preparation of most dinosaur bones.P1048 James H. Madsen Photograph CollectionP1048n042
13 This composite of a medium-sized Allosaur skull required six months of work to fully prepare the fifty or more separate elements of the skull and mandible (lower jaw). It is now in the vertebrate fossil collections of the Utah Museum of Natural History on the University of Utah campus in Salt Lake City, Utah.P1048 James H. Madsen Photograph CollectionP1048n043
14 The fused caudal vertebrae and a chevron of Allosaurus show extensive pathology involving the transverse process of the right side. Traumas to the tails of dinosaurs are among the more common pathologies.P1048 James H. Madsen Photograph CollectionP1048n045
15 Cast replicas are carefully made of each original bone to be displayed in this museum exhibit, which is seen here under preparation. Utilization of molds and casts allows the original bones to be completely accessible for study and unharmed by the drilling often needed to present them in a free-standing, mounted skeleton.P1048 James H. Madsen Photograph CollectionP1048n046
16 There is a dramatic size range in the skeletons of the Cleveland-Lloyd Allosaurs. On the left are two claws from the forehand (manus), above on the right are premaxillae, tooth bearing bones of the upper jaw, and below caudal vertebrae from the distal third of the tail. The small vertebra is about two inches (five centimeters) long. The smallest Allosaur in the C-LDQ wasunder ten feet in length, the largest nearly thirty five feet long.P1048 James H. Madsen Photograph CollectionP1048n047
17 This is the anterior end of the left dentary (lower jaw) of Ceratosaurus.It has two beautifully preserved teeth exposed showing the taxonomically characteristic, longitudinal grooves along the inner surfaces. Ceratosaurus is a rare, predatory dinosaur of the late Jurassic Period. There is only one of these flesh-eaters in the Cleveland-Lloyd Quarry; however, at least five others are known from various Morrison Formation exposures in the Colorado Plateau and Wyoming. Ceratosaurus is also known from the Tendaguru beds of Tanzania in east Africa.P1048 James H. Madsen Photograph CollectionP1048n048
18 This is an accurate replica of the only egg discovered in the C-LD Q. It was found in a part of the quarry associated with a predominance of Allosaur bones and, very speculatively, is thought to be an egg of that most common genus in the C-LDQ.P1048 James H. Madsen Photograph CollectionP1048n050
19 This thin-section of bone from an Allosaurus radius shows a classic alternation of lamellated annuli and non-lamellated zones, confirming the presence of true zonal bone in Allosaurus. Photo and slide were prepared and described by Researcher, Dr. Robin Reid. Magnification X 100.P1048 James H. Madsen Photograph CollectionP1048n052
20 There were two episodes of mineral replacement or fossilization recorded in the Cleveland-Lloyd dinosaur bones: the first represented by an inner, white layer of sparry calcite lining the marrow cavity in this specimen and the second a layer of pale, amethyst quartz crystals that grew inward from the walls of cavities as seen in some geodes.P1048 James H. Madsen Photograph CollectionP1048n053
21 This close-up of the rough surface of the bony core of a Stegosaur plate shows some of the numerous channels that indicate a rich blood supply. This is consistent with the belief that this animal was capable of thermoregulation, the control of its own body temperature by regulation of the blood flow through parts of the circulatory system.P1048 James H. Madsen Photograph CollectionP1048n054
22 This sacrum of a Camarasaur is in the collections of the Earth Science Museum at Brigham Young University. It exhibits the same tooth mark pattern as noted on a similar bone complex collected from the C-LDQ.P1048 James H. Madsen Photograph CollectionP1048n055
23 An unusually complete skull of a very large allosaur, originally collected at Dinosaur National Monument, is being prepared there by senior laboratory technician, Tobe Wilkens. There is cooperation and an ongoing exchange of ideas among the keepers and students of Utah's dinosaurs.P1048 James H. Madsen Photograph CollectionP1048n057
24 The "Cliff Skull" of Camarasaurus at Dinosaur National Monument is an important part of a comprehensive head skeleton study of this interesting Morrison Formation sauropod. One of several scientific papers now being prepared for publication by dinosaur paleontologists currently studying Utah dinosaurs.P1048 James H. Madsen Photograph CollectionP1048n058
25 Stokesosaurus, a recently discovered and described Utah dinosaur, to date known only from the Cleveland-Lloyd Quarry, has a peculiar ilium (hip bone) that exhibits a small, vertical ridge at midlength of the outer surface. Sometimes a single character, such as this, is the only clue to the identity of a particular dinosaur, which allows scientists to separate it from other similar types.P1048 James H. Madsen Photograph CollectionP1048n064
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