Network, November 1978

The Network magazine (1978-1989) published through the Phoenix Center was a women's magazine created by Mary Gaber, Jinnah Kelson, and Lynne Van Dam who saw the need for an intelligent magazine that would address women's issues and appeal to women in Utah, whether they were in the business world or not.

60CENTS Vol. l No. 8 bulk rate u. s. postage paid permft no. 3008 salt lake city, utah address correction requested Return to 383 South 6th East Salt Lake City, Utah 84102 THE MONTHLY FOR UTAHS 200,000 WORKING WOMEN NOVEMBER 1978 Teaching: Adding It Up by Brenda Hancock . ''I want to be a teacher when I grow up.'' How many little girls have said those words! How many women have become te hers and found those words haunting them as they fought frustration and rigidity and boredom? How many have been delighted they discovered so early a profession which brings them satisfaction and security? Ann Jensen is a young teacher just beginning in her chosen profession at Whittier- Elementary School. She is enthusiastic, committed. What can Ann and other young women expect from teaching as a career? Rewards The teaching profession offers women and men a variety of rewards. Carol von Schmidt has been an English teacher at Olympus High School for ten years. She says, ''I think teaching must be the most selfish job in the world. I can't think of a job in which the day-to-day contact could be more stimulating and satisfying." Von Schmidt and other teachers point to the daily interaction and growth of students as their greatest satisfaction. Carol Von Schm.idt: "I think teaching must be the most •selfish job in the world. I can't think of a job in which day to day contact could be more stimulating and satisfying." ''There is nothing more exciting than that look from a student which says, 'Hey, I've got it,' '' according to Rita Paxton, a sixth grade teacher at Whittier Elementary School. She adds, ''You can feel crummy, but the kids get you so involved you can't dwell on your own problems. You walk into another world when you walk into a classroom." Teachers frequently cite the satisfaction of watching students' long-term progress beyond their own classroom. I visited my own favo ite high schoo teacher t~enty years later to tell her how much she meant to me, and my gratitude to her was almost overwhelmed by her own gratitude for my words. To make a lasting and significant impact on others' lives, to watch progress and receive gratitude - these are elements lacking in many professions. Edwina Alexander: "Intrinsic satisfaction comes from involvement in the learning process . . . I am sold on learning even more that on teaching." Edwina Alexander Although these salaries are higher than leagues·. However, Marianna Sullivan, an elementary school counselor currently on many other Utah women's salaries (often leave from the Granite School District, ol°'- _ double the school secretaries' salaries), serves that too often the support is of the they are not lavish. Many teachers find "ain't it awful" variety rather than real they must teach summers or evenings in sharing of problems and solutions. Sulli- order to make ends meet. Extra teaching assignments eat aw-ay at van organized a first year teacher's support Intrinsic satisfaction comes from inadvantage of short work days supposed could the only N-ot district. her in group Most· process. learning the in volvement vacations. Rita Paxton, professummer and long and emotional provide teachers successful teachers report they enjoy arrives home at typically in example, for relieved were they but support, sional learning. Edwina Alexander, who teaches or attends teaches usually and p.m. 6:00 successful observe could they so class English at Cottonwood High School, is ento renew order In summer. . the ,.,. in dasses classrooms. other in teachers thusiastic about this aspect of teaching: ''I univers.ity take must teachers certification Teaching, according to many women am sold on learning even more than on in the profession, is one of the few fields in co~rses (9 units each 5 _years). teaching. I have an opportunity to explore Edwina Alexander remarks, ''It's hard ideas with people." which there is equal pay for equal work. In fact, all the women interviewed here cited to withstand joking comments about those The corollary to this love of learning is equality of paychecks as one of the reasons short hours and lazy summers. If you care frustration with students who cannot be led they entered the field. Salary scales are set at all it simply isn't true." to share that love. Carol von Schmidt notes as success had up on the basis of education and_experiteachers most that since ence, without regard to sex. Gone are students, ~ey may not be able to relate to fairly recent practices of some Utah school Von Schmidt is constantly students who are "failures" in the traditional classroom. districts in which male but not female searching for teaching materteachers received dependent allowances ials to stimulate class Professional comraderie receives according to the number of their children. mixed notices from women teachers. To Beginning Utah teachers with a discussion ... grading papmany it is satisfying to be among other degree earned on the average ers, etc. "I can't just work an occupation an in bachelor's women professionals $9,118 in I 977 -78 (according to the Utah eight-hour day or leave my where women predominate rather than Board of Education's "Salary Scale Infeeling isolated in a largely male organizawork at my office.'' tion. Others lament the lack of opportunity formation"). Master's degrees raised the averge beginning salary to $10,040, which for professional association. Most teachers report some support and increased with several years of experience continued on pag-e 8 to over $15,000. understanding from their female col- network NOVEMBER 1978 PAGE2 - - - - - L e t t e r s - - - - ---network features:--November Enjoys Publication That is, the secretarial field has become a Running Against catch-all for all office jobs that are tradi- Teaching: Adding It Up Editor: tionally filled by women, including clerks, Helplessness I was delighted to discover your typists, receptionists, and stenographers. magazine for working women in Utah, and If a secretary wants to be a professional Pagel hope to subscribe when our business gets and be recognized as such, there are a going. My partner, Anne Taylor, and I are Page 13 number of ways to go about it: presently establishing an industrial <)ay1. Ask for recognition and be sure you care center in conjunction with a Salt Lake get it (as stated in "The Office Wife"). based company. Perhaps this would be a 2. Act like a professional. Learn all Is there a connection between pertinent article for your newspaper in the you can about the business you are in. and depression? Is that running future. 3. Join organizations in your field, connection the reason why Sincerely, particularly NSA (National Secretaries latter-day, born-again runners Association [International]). Denna Wright imand education your Further 4. approach others with the feTaylor-Wright Daycare prove your skills. evangelism of the devvered 5 . Attend seminars which will be useoutly religious Karen Shepherd ful to you and share what you have learned her own story in Running tells boss. your with Agrees: Secretaries must be 6. Work for your CPS (Certified ProAgainst Helplessness. professional fessional Secretary) rating, which is the I very much enjoyed your ON THE only professional rating available for secJOB article by Brenda Hancock entitled retaries. "The Office Wife " . I'm glad it was 7. Be proud of what you do and let it Linda Williams: printed in network; if I'd seen that title be known. Determination 'n Stuff printed elsewhere, I'd have wondered if it We all need to work toward making was meant facetiously! "secretary" synonymous with "profesHaving been a secretary for six years, I sional assistant", not with "office wife" can wholeheartedly agree with what was (shades of Liz Ray). printed. I've found that most bosses will Thanks for being a terrific publication tell their secretaries (certainly not their col- and one of the few that I would take th,e Teaching: What are the releagues) that they couldn't possibly man- time to write to. wards? age without them (and, of course, they' CPS Carrier, Cass Costs? In Teaching: Adding It couldn't), and give lip service to the Secretary Executive Up Brenda Hancock takes a phrase "equal pay for equal work". But, Inc. Samon's, secretarthe in men few so are there since hard look at the realities, presial field, "equal work" becomes and real joys behind one sures "women's work" and "equal pay" beof our oldest and most known comes "women's pay", and we all know Network is interested in pursuing problems of working women and sharing with network readers professions. how much that is (or isn't). It is difficult, particularly so in Utah, solutions they have found in this and other areas . Letters to the editor are invited. Call or write the for secretarial work to be given the recog- Phoenix Center if you would like to contribute. the to due partly is nition it deserves. This fact that "anybody" can be a secretary. INMEMORIUM Ruth Petajan's death this month is a great loss to her family and friends. Her loss will also be felt by those people who have worked with her in the League of Women Voters, the Zion Lutheran Church, Social Action Committee, the Multi-Ethnic Housing Corp. and other community groups. Ruth's tireless efforts to work through governmental processes to improve living conditions for low-income people in Utah will be greatly missed. network™ Publisher Phoenix Center Editing Cynthia Boshard Betty Fife Brenda Hancock Karen Shepherd Lynne Van Dam Circulation Helen Robinson Design Cris Coffey Cynthia Boshard, Contributing Writers Marj Bradley, Beverly Burge, Carolyn Campbell, Betty Fife, Ruth Frear, Margo Keller, Kate McMahon, Jeri Parker, Diana Potts, Nancy Roberts, Karen Shepherd, Lynne Van Dam Brenda HancocK, Contributing Editors Eloise McQuown, Carol Shelton Advertising Jimmie Barrow Linda ltami Photography Sandy Clark John Schaefer Network is published monthly, Send all correspondence to 383 South 600 East, Salt Lake City~Utah 84102. (801-) 532-6095 . Copyright 1978 by network. Reproduction without permission is prohibited . Title network is registered Art , Brad Wolverton Subscription $7.00/year. Linda Williams always knew she liked a good bowl of hot soup. And she knew she wanted to start a business. In her story Linda Williams: Determination 'n Stuff, Carolyn Campbell shows the details of how Williams' restaurant, Soup 'n Stuff was born and is operating. One Woman's Way Page4 In One Woman's Way by Betty Fife we are taken behind the scenes of a single woman juggling a career of teaching and a career of homemaker. Read how she solves the problems and has time for joyfulness with her children. Esther Landa: Distinguished Woman PagelO Esther Landa is indeed a distinguished woman. Marj Bradley gives us a glimpse of this woman and why she is such an important role model for Utah women. PAGE3 network NOVEMBER 1978 ---netwo rk editorial --The School$ Belong To Us ''Soap and education are not as sudden as massacre, but are more deadly in the longrun."-Ma rk Twain, 1867, The Facts Concerning the Recent Resignation. "The principal goal of education is to create men and women who are capable of doing nevy things, not simply of repeating what other generations have done- men and women who are creative, inventive, discoverers. The second goal of education is to form minds which can be _critical, can verify and not accept everything they are offered.'' -Jean Piaget, ~972, The City as Educator. "I would go all the way for openness. I don't know of any aspect of the political process that has benefited from being invisible. The school board meeting in Oakland is the only meeting in which you can have 400 people together who are not mad at anybody. The reason for this absence of hostility is that they have been a part ofthe process, and they've come to know that they are going to· be heard. I . think we get into trouble when we try to keep parts of it invisible. Why hould we have it invisible? The schools belong to the community/'Marcus foster, 1972, Interview- International Design Conference, Aspen. "Once we stop forcing our education on the children, perhaps they will invite a lucky few of us to participate in theirs." Theodore Roszak, 1971 ""Education Contra Nostrum" High School The schools belong to us if we choose to take the responsibility to exercise our franchise to vote. In Utah the largest chunk of public monies is spent on education, and yet year after year people who wield the . power to spend that money - the members of the state and local schoot boards - are virtually elected by guesswork. Ask yourself: Do I know who my school board member is? Do I know his or her philosophy? Brenda Hancock's article, Teaching: ' Adding It Up, diSCl:JSSes the rewards and costs of teaching, and Betty Fife's article, One Woman's Way, tells us how one working mother and teacher copes. And that is the point - coping - working with the system, with its rigidity, pressures and its delights and rewards. But teachers have little power to affect policy. The members of the school board have the power. We at Network urge you to Qet involved in the process - have an impact on the system - and vote knowledgeably this 7th of November. Make sure the schools really do belong to us. -Women. for you: Make your life work _ Now at Barbizon, "Step into Fashion" classes for women over 30. • Make Up • Body Sculpture • Fashion • Style For information please call 532-77 83 (l)~~ZON ----------------------------- ------ THE BARBIZON SCHOOL 610 East South Temple. Salt Lake City , Utah 84102 DeptN name _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ age _ _ address _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ zip _ __ city _ _ _ _ _ _ _ phone _ _ __ HAVE YOU CONSIDERED THE REAL___ ESTATE PROFESSION? THE LATEST STUDY SHOWS A NEED FOR 66% MORE AGENTS THIS YEAR THAN LAST. WE TEACH MORE PEOPLE · WHO PASS THE STATE SALESMAN AND BROKER TEST THAN ANY SCHOOL IN UTAH. WE GUARANTEE YOU WILL PASS THE STATE-E-XAM AND GET A JOB START ANYTIME - CALL US FOR DETAILS THE CENTER FOR REAL ESTATE STUDI.ES Salt Lake, Provo, Ogden, Seattle, Tacoma, Spokane Salt Lake - 355-2611 Provo - 375 - 1500 Ogden - 392-1121 L!MI.BU PAGE4 One Woman's Way by Betty Fife School's in full swing again and kids one of the army of school volunteers? everywhere are trudging home these after- What happens for kids who are unsupernoons through piles of fallen leaves. Will vised every Friday afternoon? Where do Mom be there? Or will the house be those go at 3:30 whose parents must work till 6:00? Are these problems the concern empty? It's an issue about which people ex- of schools? Or should working mothers aspress •strong feelings. One mother sume the burden of solving them? For apologizes for not doing her part in the some, even these may be trivial considerafamily financial struggle by going back to tions compared to many problems they work before her youngest bird, a hig_h fa_ce. ' school senior, is out of the nest. Amonk Through luck or good management or women who choose to work, or must, other factors, some women handle most of some worry about not being home; ot~ers the problems well. An example of one maintain they 're teaching thetr children who's coping is a divorced mother of five some very young - survival skills and who is also a teacher. She considers herstrong senses of self-reliance. self very lucky, and she's grateful. Standing on Sallee Asserberg's porch on a dark fall evening, I heard a young boy on a bike shouting, "I was home and no Do working mothers or their one was here and I was scared, so I left!'' children feel bad because As he rode into the driveway, his mother Mom can't be one of the army parked the family car and strode smiling the walk with 2-year-old Emily secured of school volunteers? What "up under one arm. Sallee had driven out to happens for kids who are un- find Richie, 10; she reprimanded him for supervised every Friday af- not being where he'd promised to be, apologized for being late for the interview, ternoon? and introduced both children. It seemed a situation that might cause many mothers frustration, anxiety, or Do teachers make judgments about guilt, but Sallee was serene. She called the children whose mothers work? Can 8-to-5 charming Emily "a gift," several times working women confer with teachers at over. She is perhaps most grateful of all odd hours? Do employers release them in thirigs for Emily. She laughed, recalling emergencies? Do working mothers or their her thoughts at her oldest's daughter's children feel bad because Mom can't be graduation from Salt Lake's East High last network NOVEMBER 1978 spring: "I'll be back here for Emily in 15 years!'' Her other children include three daughters: the graduate, now a university freshman; a high s.chool senior; and a first-year junior high student. I expressed admiration for her coping with so much: raising five children alone, teaching full time, beginning work at Westminster College toward a master's degree, and, on top of everything else, running three or four miles every morning at six. 'This early run gives her energy and and extra hour in her classroom before she runs home for breakfast, three blocks "If I'd been a pioneer mother .alone with my handcart, I'd have made it across the prairies somehow." away.' But Sallee doesn't consider herself "remarkable" in any way. "Determined, yes. If I'd been a pioneer mother alone with my handcart, I'd have made it across the prairies somehow.'' She admits to feeling harried a lot of the time. She hopes Richie can survive five women in the house. She's not certain she can handle the two new classes at Westminster she likes so much. Beginning a second year as kindergarten teacher at Wasatch School isn't overwhelming for Sallee nor traumatic for her children. She had taught through all the years of her marriage - part-time - in special education, education for the deaf, or as a speech therapist. Her skills were always in demand. Her first year full-time at Wasatch coincided with her being suddenly without a husband. She was grateful for the distraction ·and challenge that fulltime work provided during a difficult year. She calls it "another gift." Ordinarily she'd have chosen to teach in a school other than one her children attended, but she appreciated being very near two of hers in that time. Sallee considers judgments she once made about some difficult students who seemed to come from single-parent or working-mother families. Further experience disproves those earlier assumptions, she says. ''There are simply some children who need a lot of extra attention and warmth, or some groups who will be very difficult. Maybe it's all due to the position of the stars and the moon! I really do enjoy children, and this is so far a delightful year with a wonderful class." She seems to have a good relationship with others teaching at Wasatch. She wishes she could wear jeans for messy days with paint and paste and for freedom to be on the floor with the children sometimes. A new principal disapproves of jeans. It doesn't seem to bother her much. As a mother of children in four different schools, she is careful with time, choosing which schopl conferences or other events are most important for her to attend. As a teacher she believes her colleagues would bend over backward to meet the needs of working mothers, with early morning conferences or .evening phone calls. She'd be happy to meet with parents in her own home almost any time. Other teachers finding Sallee Asserberg in her classroom at 6:30 ~earing running shoes, old jeans, and a scarf around here hair, say "The scrub lady has arrived." Meanwhile, she cherishes her free Friday afternoons in her school room to plan lessons, gather teaching materials, or prepare new bulletin boards for the 49 students she '11 teach next week, 27 in the morning and 22 in the afternoon. She's concerned about the school children who are on the streets on those afternoons. continued on page 6 PAGES network NOVEMBER 1978 hel12 a friend join the network. , Your Friend, Name---- -------''--- ----------- ------ ome Phone _ _ _ __ Yourself, Address _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Work Phone _ _ _ __ City _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _;____ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ___,__ _ _ _ _ _ __ Your Name - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ~ i o m e Phone _ _ _ __ Address - - - - - - - - - - - ~ - - - - - - - W o r k Phone _ _ _ __ City----------------------------State _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _---L..;ip - - - - - - - Renewal l year (12 issues) $7 .00 2 years (24 issues) $13 .00 State - - - - - - - - - - , - - - - - - - - - - - ~ i p - - - - - - - - .. .or Friends. Name - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ~ - O r n e Phone _ _ _ __ Address _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ____,__ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _Work Phone _ _ _ __ City----------------------------State _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _---L..;ip - - - - - - - $7 .00 for your first gift $6.00 for each additional gift Attach sheet for any additional names Payment enclosed $, _ _ _ _ _ __ Bill me Send completed forms to network, 383 South 6th East, Salt Lake City, Utah 84 l 02 help a friend joi~ the network~ Payment enclosed $._ _ _ _ _ __ Bill rile Your Name _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ome Phone _ _ _ __ Address _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _Work Phone - - - ~ City----------------------------• State - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ~ i p _ _ _ _ _ _ __ Send completed forms to network, 383 South 6th East, Salt Lake City, Utah 84102 network NOVEMBER 1978 PAGE6 One Woman's Way continued from page Sallee finds the Wasatch PT A efforts ence are in such demand, o 1e reliable sitand twice-weekly teaching volunteers ter she's counted on for 1 years, teena"phenomenal." They freed her from tedi- gers who help, or the work , hedule that so ous tasks and tutored students one on one neatly fits her children' s ~c hool hours. last year, bringing them up to the class Many parents worry about their children's performance in school, whereas Sallee achievement level by year's end. She began teaching because she was- seems generally pleased and proud ofhers. interested; now there is also need. Child support doesn't cover costs of lessons she wants for her musically talented children, What about a woman without for example. She races on errands or to tho Sallee's skills. dentist during her lunch hours so she can be free after school to be with her children What about a woman without Sallee's or chauffer them to dance, flute, or piano lessons, tennis or soccer events. Things skills or schedule? What about one who improved dramatically as the two oldest can qualify only for a receptionist's job, stuck at a desk till six, stiff with worry daughters earned drivers' licenses. Sallee's situation seems at first glance about a daughter who's been cutting too one that would be fraught with over- many classes, earning poor grades, com'tl/helming difficulties, yet she's a woman ing home too late too many nights? Is the who's surviving, who seems pleased to be school counseling program effective? Is discovering her resources. She is the first there space in an alternative program? Can to acknowledge that many working this mother work efficiently? Will her employer be understanding? what happens mothers do not share he1 "good luck." Some would envy a woman who' so when summer comes? It's another story. loves her work, whose skills and experi- Displaced Homemakers What Are The Options? by Lynne Van Dam ''Who Remembers Mama?'' a film the problems and find some solutions. shown at the recent Displaced Homemak- There were no easy answers. It isn't easy ers Conference in Baltimore, Maryland to turn around "a woman's lifelong expecpoignantly points out the dilemma of older tations of her role as dependent wife, women (and some few men) who have de- mother, community and church worker voted many years of their lives to when everything this role has existed on homemaking and then suddenly find has crashed." How-do we convince prosthemselves adrift, lonely and without re- pective employers that their bias against sources. They are widowed, divorced or older women who were "only househave a disabled spouse. With few market- wives'' is misplaced? Hardest of all ~s able skills, they must support themselves creating a place where no place exists for and their children. The conference held her to function in a productive and this last month, October 12-14, in Balti- economically normal manner- breaking more sponsored by the Older Women's down the barriers to advancement that League Educational Fund sought to define have kept middleaged and older women grounded in under-paid, dead-ended jobs. These are tough goals and nobody has all the answers. (Quotes here are from the "The Evolution Starts Here," by Tish Sommers and Laurie Shieids.) "Displaced homemakers are those persons .caught in the middle - in the middle of changing family structure, in the middle of new divorce laws and changing societal mores, in the middle of life. Changing aspirations and expectations of Is looking for qualified .people Regularly we have entry level or advanced openings for the following: Secretaries, Clerks, Clerk-Typists, and Account Clerks We offer competitive sa_laries commensurate with , experience, good working conditions, career opportunity program, ,and a complete benefit package. ENVIROTECH Send resumes to Eimco PMD at the address below Attention: Employee Relations 669 West Second South Salt Lake City, Utah 84110 521-6253 Equal opportunity employer. Women and minorities encouraged to apply I Most Women Work Because of Econ<:>mic Need (Women 1n the Labor Force . by Marital Status. March 1977 ) Never Married Widowed, Divorced, or Separated 24% 19% - - - - - Married (Husband Present)--- Under $7,000 $7,000$9,i)99 $10,000$14,999 $15,000 and over - - - - - Husband's 1976 Income - - - - - August 1978 EIMCO PROCESS MACHINERY DIVISION OF ENVIROTECH women have left them stranded, caught between generations. The personal situation of these women ... is precarious, and as they are quite aware, they are headed for abject poverty in old age. The psychological toll is enormous." The first efforts to recognize this problem and find some solutions began in a Jobs for Older Women Action Project in Oakland, California. California state continued on page 15 Source: Prepared by the Women's Bureau, Office of the-Secretary, from data published by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor. Women Are Underrepresented as Managers and Skilled Craft Workers Percent of Tota l Workers 100- 97% 80- 79% 60- 62% 40- 43% 200All Occupatrons Source: 62% Cra!I Workers 20%. 22% Nonrctall f\..~21na;:0rs Sales Workers Op0ra11v,•s Protess1ona1 Workers Service Workers Retail Sales Workers Clencal Workers Priva te Household Workers Prepared by the Women's Bureau, Olfice of the Secretary, from 1977 annual averages data published by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S Department of Labor. August 1978 PAGE? network NOVEMBER 1978 The King's English recommends Eloise McQuown The Urban and Rural Poor WOMEN OF CRISIS: LIVES OF STRUGGLE AND HOPE. Robert Coles and Jane Hallowell Coles. New York: Delacorte/Seymour Lawrence, 1978. $10.95. In past columns, this writer has reviewed a variety of books dealing with work struggles of many women: women in management, women in professions, pink collar women and academic women. The book Women of Crisis focuses on a completely different segment of the female population - the urban and rural poor. We meet Ruth James, a blac_k migrant farm worker, who because she resists the advances of the crew leader, is called ''selfish'' by her peers. We become acquainted with Hannah Morgan who is transplanted from the mountains of eastern Kentucky to the inner cities of Chicago and Dayton, Ohio, hoping to find economic security. San Antonio, Texas is the setting for Teresa Torres Cardenas' story. At age 15 Teresa poignantly discovers that with her limited education the only ''job'' open to her is prostitution. There is also Lorna, an Alaskan Eskimo, who is labeled "strange" because she has a vivid imagination and does not find satisfaction in traditional women's roles. Finally, we see Helen, of Somerville, Massachusetts, who daily forsakes her own family to provide domestic help to an upper middle class family in Cambridge. To these five women the choice is not one of whether to work or no't to work. Their only choice is to endure menial work outside the home while trying to keep their own families intact. These women cannot ............................................................................ . . -.. worry about moving up the employment ladder. By necessity, their main worry is whether they will have the strength to do the hard physical work they are required to perform. Their dilemma is not career mobility. It is daily survival. What is phenomenal is their tremendous resilience, their great sense of hope. One comes away from their stories invigorated, not depressed. It is this thread of hope which binds their lives together. Robert Coles and Jane Hallowell Coles, a husband and wife, utilize a novel approach to research: a technique termed "Social Psychiatry" - a combination of anthropological and journalistic reporting, oral history and psychological analysis. The study is devoid of traditional social science research tools. There are no control groups or random samples. Likewise, there are not statistical tables nor graphs. Instead, the Coles zigzag across the U.S., talking to many families over a period of years and_recording thoughts and dreams, tribulations and fears. While the Coles have added commentary, the stories are told by the women in their own words. The book is an outgrowth of Robert Coles' five-volume series, Children of Crisis, for which he won a Pulitzer prize and much critical acclaim. It was during the study for the earlier books that Coles first encountered Ruby Bridges, a sixyear-old black girl. Years later when Ruby entered college, she encouraged him to write about women. "There comes a time," she said, "when 'children of crisis' become 'women of crisis.' It's important what happens to us then.'' It is, indeed, important and the Coles have effectively chronicled it here. WORKING COUPLES When husband and wife work and both contribute to the family income, there are important advantages to having one life insurance Policy to cover both of you. Metropolitan Life has a joint life Policy with these advantages and we will be glad to explain it to you. Call me for the details. Peter Fillmore 633 E. So. Temple Salt Lake City, Utah 84102 Ph. [phone] Patriarchs and Politics By Marilyn Warenskr (McGraw-Hill) A Serious and Provocative Book about Women in Mormon Society The l<in~s En~lish Books and tea 1511 So. 15th E., S.L.C., 484-9100 Hrs. 9:30-6:00 M-S, till 9 Fri. An utterly I eclectic and -____,~' completely convivial btlokstore for book~lovers of all sizes Come to Metropolitan. Simplify your Life. o Metropolitan Metropolitan Life Insurance Company, N, Y,, N, Y, : ............................................................................... . The King's English Books and tea 1511 So. 15th East, SLC. 484-9100 Hrs. 9:30-6 M-S, till 9 Fri. network NOVEMBER 1978 PAGE8 Teaching; -Adding It Up continued from page 1 ing jobs in November 1977. Some, of course, had abandoned the search for a teaching job for an9ther occupation. About 10 percent of the women had become full-time homemakers. Professor Sullivan . advises new teachers to become known in a district through student teaching or substitute teaching. '' Administrators are reluctant to hire an un-tried teacher." They should also evaluate their new district carefully ~fter they begin teaching and move fairly soon if they are_not happy, since there are limits on years of experience which can be transferred to a new district. Costs The profession of teaching has serious drawbacks as well as rewards. Creative women who value diversity and assertive women who seek advancement may find themselves frustrated. While women were 57 percent of Utah teachers in 1977-78, they were only 4 percent of the principals. No women were school superintendents, and only 3 of the 58 assistant superintenden ts were female. Rita Paxton The teachers interviewed here all care. Though Carol von Schmidt tries to take in stride the ribbing about summers in Europe, she feels she is '' on duty'' even on vacation. She is constantly searching for teaching materials to stimulate class dis- · cussion, reading new fiction to teach later to her comtemporary literature class, grading papers, and seeking out specialized resources. "I can't just work an eight-hour day or leave my work at the office. I'm always bringing home work and filing away bits and pieces for use later in class.'' Although the hours may not be short for the dedicated teacher, they are more compatible with young children's hours. Marianna Sullivan, for example, appreciates the opportunity to be on the same schedule as her daughter, who is an elementary school student. Another supposed reward of teaching is the ability to get a job: "You can always get a job as a teacher." Nationally, this is more myth than reality. In Utah, however, probably due to the high birthrate, wellprepared teachers can still get jobs. Phil Sullivan, Supervisor of Secondary English Teacher Training at the University of Utah, affirms that most students are placed. The Utah Board of Education reports that only 13 percent of elementary and 8 percent of secondary teachers trained in 1976-77 were still seeking teach- The professional woman who wants to advance in her field has found few opportunities in teaching. According to the Utah Board of Education, while women were 57 percent of Utah teachers in 1977-78, they were only 4 percent of the principals. No women were school superintendents, and only 3 of the58 assistant superintendents were female. Almost a fourth of teacher supervisors were women, still not proportional with their representation in th'e_teaching field. Women teachers cite subtle or overt efforts to discourage them from administrative certification, perhaps more often from universities than from school districts. Rigid certification requirements for both administrative and "specialist" positions are also cited. Male administrators allege lack of interest and training as barriers to women's advancement. "The paperwork seems to mount higher each year.'' How often we hear that complaint from teachers! A related complaint is the current pressure for a ''Back to Basics" education, which in Utah has Rita Paxton is not sure the pressure works. "I'd rather turn students on." been translated to mean "competency based learning" involving extensive testing of skills. Rita Paxton describes the paperwork and testing pressures: '' All my sixth grade students have to pass math and reading tests before being passed to the seventh grade. So I am alwa)'s pushing myself and the students. I fill out attendance forms, various federal and state government forms, assessment forms to qualify children for special programs, and follow-up forms." She finds she has little time to simply interact with students or her peers or to prepare enrichment activities. "I'd rather turn students on. I'm not sure that this pressure works." She muses, "Can you kill their desire to learn?'' Criticism of "the system" is, to many people, a more fundamental drawback to teaching. Frequent targets are the rigidity and homogenity of the educational system. Edwina Alexander says the .philosophy seems to be, "let's make all the kids the same.'' Sameness is amplified by focusing on uniform competency tests. I 0 ..c () en C ..c 0 -, PAGE9 network NOVEMBER 1978 Alexander : "We don't give students enough real experi- _ ence or pay enough attention to their desperate need for interpersonal relations." "We don'rgive students enough real experience or pay enough attention to their desperate need for interpersonal relations," Alexander asserts. ''We can expect mass education to focus on the norm," according to von Schmidt, "yet we are wasting human resources by not reaching those students who cannot conform to the norm. Unfortunately I don't believe taxpayers are ready to support the kind of alternative programs which would be needed to really reach different kinds of students. '' Large classes are another factor encouraging "sameness." Utah has the highest number of pupils per classroom in the nation. Edwina Alexander bemused! y reports that in the first teachers' meeting this ye~ her principal spoke eloquently of the need to treat smdents as individuals. "I . just thought of the 48 students in my first period class and despaired. ' ' Marianna Sullivan: "The way in which administrators relate to lower administrators anc;t teachers filters down to students. It's a matter of power. If teachers feel powerless they will use power tactics to make students feel even more powerless. Power, power relationships and politics exist in any occupation. Some teachers criticize schools for not examining the way power operates in their world. Marianna Sullivan explains, ''The way in which administrators relate to lower administrators and teachers filters down to student&. It's a matter of power. If teachers feel powerless they will use power tactics to make students feel even more powerless." Although her own supervisor is open to new ideas and involves her staff in decision-making, Sullivan believes this is all too rare in education. She notes the potential for a patriarchal hierarchy in a system in which teachers are predominately women and administrators are almost always men. Adding It Up lndi vi duals will continue to make their own decisions about their careers, within the constraints of opportunities open to them. The rewards of teaching will always be great to those who respond to the challenge of helping young people grow. For some, however, these rewards cannot be great enough to overcome frustrations of a system they feel incapable of changing to fit their students' and their own needs. Hopefully the day is past when young women will drift into teaching because , they have no other options, or can always get a job, or cannot think of anything else to do. The dedicated professional teachers who talked to network have no regrets about their choice, but they urge young professionals to be sure they have the calling and the stamina. Marianna Sullivan Ann Jenson l 0 .c a (I) C .c 0 -, network NOVEMBER 1978 PAGE 10 Esther Landa: Distinguished Woman The Women's Resource Center and been a member of the Utah State Board of the Associated Students of the University Education. Ms. Landa is the national president of of Utah opened their 1978 Women's Conference September 11 in the Union Ball- the National Council of Jewish Women, room by presenting their Distinguished and has been recently appointed a member Woman award to Esther Landa of Salt of the President's Committee on EmployLake City. The honor is awarded annually ment of the Handicapped. She was instruto women who through their own efforts mental in developing the first Head Start and involvement in any endeavor have be- program in Utah, as well as the first nefitted and inspired others. The Confer- Women's Conference at the University of ence Steering Committee voted to present Utah. When asked how she, who has reMs. Landa with the award. Esther Landa has long been concerned ceived countless honors, felt about this with equal rights for women. A pioneer for specific award, Ms. Landa expressed her women's advancement, she was the sec- delight with this honor, which represents ond woman elected to serve on the Salt~ her involvement in the University's Lake Board of Education, and has since Women's Conferences since their beginning in 1962. She is pleased with the Relationships ... Impressions. by Marj Bradley Something happened at the University progressive stages of a relationship in an of Utah October 11-14. It happened to hour. We were told to find partners and women and men, friends and acquain- develop a relationship with them by going tances, mothers and daughters, sisters and ·,through six stages, which often takes years brothers, husbands and wives. Their rela- to develop naturally. I began to share with tionships were affirmed. This year's this other person, values, feelings and Women's Conference focused on "Rela- facts about myself, and she shared hers tionships'' - stimulating or static, com- with me. We both risked a little and we forting or upsetting, casual or intimate, found we had many common values. When the hour was over, however, I open or cautious, nevertheless destined to had mixed feelings about this experience. change, grow, start, end, exist. Something happened. People reached We were supposed to end a relationship out to one another, more aware of them- which had barely begun. I knew it was just selves and their relationships with others. an experiment, yet I was enjoying the proIt was a study in sharing, caring, accept- cess and I wondered whether my new ing, understanding, and trusting. It was a friend saw it as just an "exercise" or as a process leading to self-renewal and celeb- potentially genuine relationship. Perhaps we will go through those same stages with ration. more time, and perhaps will build a friendship - later. Warren Farrell, author of The LiberEmma Lou Thayne: "Love is Man, shared Ji.is warmth and involved ated being hugged without being the audiences in a sensual experience with held." oranges. For about ten minutes the ballroom was silent, though packed with people sharing oranges. The sensation of Emma Lou Thayne, Utah author and smelling, feeling, hearing and tasting an poet, started it. After listening to her orange with another person was indeed warm, often poetic words on kindness, sensual. Farrell radiated sensitivity and friendship and love ("Love is being hug- gentleness through his soft-spoken voice ged without being held'') people began and the nature of his presentation, which smiling bigger smiles, sharing a little was based on most men's need for sensualmore, caring a little more. I thought about ity training and their need to feel comfortthe people I love. able with their emotions. Ramona Adams, Associate Dean of Students and Associate Dean of the Graduate School of Social Work at the University of Utah, spoke of commitment, Leo Buscaglia: "No one acceptance, unconditional love. ''The should cry alone and no one price people pay for not being open with should die alone." each other is a tremendous deadness.'' She spoke of respect, trust, equality and freedom in relationships. She spoke of time: ''Time for sharing. Time for caring.'' Afterwards, while listening to a panel discussion on "Men's Response to the Ramona Adams: "The price Women's Movement," it seemed to me that most of the men, though aware of their people pay for not being with feelings, felt uncomfortable expressing each other is a tremendous themselves on an emotional level. They seemed more comfortable with logic and deadness.'' rationality. Nevertheless, their effort to express feelings was evident. In a workshop on Values and Their InSomething happened at this year's fluence on Relationships, Addie Fuhri- Women's Conference. We didn't just talk man, counseling psychologist at the Uni- about our relationships - we experienced versity of Utah, led our group through the them. growth and development of women's programs in Utah. "Role models of other women, and early childhood education have had the greatest influence on me. My mother was not liberated in today's sense, but she encouraged us to develop our own potential.'' Other women who have influenced her include professors and colleagues. Ms. Landa herself has been a "role model" for women, and she is acutely aware of her influence. '' At times,'' she sighs, "it is difficult to be an example." However, after meeting a woman like Esther Landa, it is evident that she needn't put forth any effort fo inspire others - her example speaks for itself. "At times it is difficult to be an example." News and Notes Child Care Counsel Sponsors Meeting Parents needing or utilizing day care services are invited to attend a special meeting related to increased funding for day care. The Utah Child Care Coordinating Council will -sponsor a meeting for people interested in increasing state support for day care on Monday, November 20, at 12 noon in thi:- East Conference Room at the State Board of Education, 250 East 500 South. Dept. of Social Services officials will be present to discuss the proposed budget. All members of the Social Services Interim Committee of the Utah State Legislature will also be invited to comment. Disappointing Task Force Report "The Carter Administration's special Interagency Task Force on Women Business Owners, established with considerable fanfare last summer, has handed in its final rep_ort and recommendations. Only 4.6 percent of the nation's businesses are currently owned by women, and such firms represent only 0.3 percent of all U.S. business receipts. Previou,s studies of the subject have all found that women are at a distinct disadvantage as entrepreneurs, and the Task Force reached the same conclusion. The panel failed, however, to carry its conclusion one crucial step further, and refused to support the inclusion of women in existing federal programs designed to aid businesses owned by members of other socially or economically disadvantaged groups. Apparently bowing to political pressure from minority business interests, the Task Force recommended instead that women's businesses be placed in a new, seperate category, and called on President_Carter to issue an executive order establishing a "National Women's Business Enterprise Policy." The Sp0keswoman, October 15, 1978 For a complete assessment of the entire Task Force report, see the July/ August 1978 issue of Enterprising Women. The issue, which contains the Task Force's verbatim recommendations plus background and analysis, is available for $3 .00 from Artemis Enterprises, 525 West End Ave., New York NY 10024. PAGE 11 network NOVEMBER 1978 - Copi ng PHOENIX CENTER WORKSHOPS Investment Possibilities Dear Carol: I recently received a profit sharing distribution check for $5,000 and am perplexed about where to put it. I am considering placing it in the credit union as I am unfamiliar with what would be a good investment. Could you give me a review of the various options I might have and what your recommendations might be as to where I could get the greatest return for my money. C.W. Dear C.W.: Several factors need to be taken into consideration in order to give, you a .. specific answer, such as the length of time you are willing to leave your money, what your tax bracket is, what short-range and long-range goals you are trying to accomplish financially. -Since I don't have all this data, I will answer your question in general terms. Your situation is not unlike one I dealt with a few years ago through our office. A young couple came in with the sum of $5,000 desiring to make an investment. They were looking for long-term returns; reasonable growth on their money rather than immediate yield. We looked at the possibility of placing their money in everythtng from the bank to mutual funds. We_ discussed several institutions where individuals can-put money to work: banks, savings and loans, stocks, bonds, mutual funds, credit unions, life insurance real estate, etc. We decided to dissect each of these choices to determine which would provide the best overall return. Banks we discovered were paying approximately 5 percent interest; savings and loans, depending on the length of time saved, were paying anywhere from 6 to 8 percent; stocks were questionable, but we allowed for 4 to 6 percent in dividends; bonds could yield as much as 10 percent; mutual funds we calculated about the same as stocks; credit unions 7 percent; life insurance 3 .5 percent. Then we decided to look at real estate. Our analysis looked like this: Assuming you put $5,000 in a savings and loan for a long enough term to entitle you to an 8 percent yield, your return in interest after one year would be $400. However when you receive a return on your money Uncle Sam considers it earnings and you are obligated to pay taxes on that earnings. If your taxable income is between $4,000 and $6,000 per year, your tax rate would be 20 percent, leaving you $320 to spef!d. This means your effective yield was only a little better than 6 percent rather than the 8 percent you had anticipated. This same calculation would hold true of each of the other places you might place your money, _with the exception of bonds, if they were Government or Municipal bonds. We would be safe in assuming a total \ inflation rate of 6 percent per year. This means our dollars will have 6 percent less buying power next year than they have this year. Your $5,000 will shrink to $4,700 by the end of the year. In other words you could lose $300 to inflation. Now if you have your money in a savings and loan earning $320 after taxes, and inflation takes $300, you have only made a net return of $20. Back to my story of the young couple. After going through just such an exercise as the one above, we looked at the possibility of buying real estate. At first they felt they didn't have enough money to get into real estate. But as we looked around the market place we were able to locate an old home that had been converted into a duplex. It was owned by a widow who had had it for several years, and in fact owned it free and clear. We discovered that she would be willing to sell the duplex if it could be converted into an income for her for the rest of her life, and she was willing to take $5,000 down. The total price of the duplex was $50,000, with a $5,000 down payment. The widow agreed to hold the mortgage of $45,000 at an interest rate of 9 .5 percent with a twenty-five year term. The duplexes rented for $275 each, giving an annual income of $6,600 per year. Of course vacancy, expenses and mortgage payments had to be deducted from income, leaving only a $975 return. Depreciation of the building allowed a actual income tax savings, since the depreciation allowance on this older building was greater than the taxable income earned. On their $5,000 investment in real estate they were receiving $1,396 in benefits. In addition, with inflation calculated at the rate of 6 percent, riext year their $50,000 duplex would be worth $53,000, so they had inflation working for them rather than against them. When all of these factors were considered, it became obvious that real estate was an ideal place to invest their money . My recommendation to you would be the same, assuming you _are looking for , long term investments. As opposed to other options, real"estate does not have the liquidity other accounts might have. Find a good real estate investment counselor and have him or her help you int9 a good piece of property. "Named after the mythical bird which rose from its own ashes to live again, Phoenix is dedicated to developing t0e spirit of renewal possible in all of us. '' Career Development Learn to use yourself in a powerful, positive way to change or develop your career. Job finding and interviewing techniques, resume writing and individual skills assessment are explored. _Contact Bonnie McBeth, 484-0679, for details. Assertiveness Learn to express your thoughts and feelings in an open, direct and honest way, to be effective and powerful without denying others their rights. Beginning Nov. 8th and Nov. 28th 7:30 - 10:00 p.m. $55 for 7 weeks !Men's classes: call Phoenix for date and time information Classes for Couples: Contact Helen Robinson for information at 533-6014 or 484-2764. Anger Learn to accept and communicate your anger in a positive way, Help understand your anger and use it constructively. Beginning Nov. 4th and Dec. 16th Limited enrollment, call Bonnie McBeth 484-0679 for reservations. Limited number of participants accepted in each group. Mail your registration early and reserve your place. 989 East 900 South, Salt Lake City, Utah 84102 <; -.::-_- __ _,,;,_ 532-6095 -- Our Steaks are always done well no matter how we cook them. And that's not all, Prime Rib, Sole, New Yori~ Steal~, Alaskan King Crab, Dover Sole, Teriyal~i Chicl~en, and for lunch, Mushroom Burger, Italian Burger, Roast Beef Sandwich and much more. Elks Building 139 East South Temple network NOVEMBER 1978 D~nsley Hashimoto Crowder . Drury - - - - - - - - -·New Landings·,- - - - - - - - Kathleen Roberts, has been named Joan E. Densley has been named mortgage loan officer in the Fourth South Program Development Coordinator for the Mortgage Department of First Security Division of Alcoholism and Drugs, Utah Bank of Utah, N.A. She was formerly a Department of Social Services. She will mortgage loan officer at the Park City help coordinate alcohol and drug programs for the Utah State Department of Social Branch of First Security Bank. A graduate of Judge Memorial High Services. She was formerly involved in School and the University of Utah, she drug and alcohol programs in Pennsyljoined First Security as a management vania. Kathy Tyler, formerly with Salt Lake trainee in 1977 . Marj Drury, formerly a Research As- County's Treatment Alternatives for sistant with the State Building Board, has Street Crime (T ASC) program, has been been named a Planner for the Utah De- named Prevention Coordinator for the Dipartment of Social Services' State Health vision of Alcoholism and Drugs, Utah DePlanning and Development Agency. She partment of Social Services. Ms. Tyler will assist in the review of nursing home will help develop programs aimed at preand hospital expansion and building appli- venting alcohol and drug abuse in Utah. Karen Hashimoto has been named cations. You don' t get to the top, by being like ever yone else! Let me show you the difference. Training Specialist for the Bureau of Staff West 200 South, Salt Lake City, Utah Development, Personnel, Utah State De- 84101. The firm will specialize in partment of Social Services. She will _ residential/commercial and restoration decoordinate training programs for Utah's sign. Ms. Crowder, B.S., U. of C9lorado, largest state agency. Ms. Hashimoto was formerly an Equal Employm.ent Opportun- was formerly associated with the Utah ity Specialist for the State. Heritage Foundation and Westminster Marjorie Fillis has been named Out- College where she taught a class on restostanding Female Public Employee of the ration and preservation of commercial and Year by the Utah Public Employees As- residential buildings. Ms. Carrie Hewitt is an associate of sociation. She is a Supervisor in the Food Stamp Program, Salt Lake Assistance the firm. She is a graduate of the Salt Lake Payments Office, at the Utah State De- School of Interior Design. partment of Social Services. Ms. Fillis Please send any information concerning women to be was cited for her 20 years of diligent and jeatured in New Landings to: dedicated service to Utah citizens. network Elizabeth Crowder announces the c/o Marj Bradley formation of E. Crowder Design, 307 383 South 6th East Salt Lake City, Utah 84102 "Close Encounters" at our cou nter s! GOLDEN OPPORTUNITIES AT McDONALD'S There's more to it than just Hamburgers. You find yoursen ge~ng involved. _ If you haven't thought about working at McDonald's ... think about It now. McDonald's offers you the best opportunity you'll ever have to start your career. If-you're looking for permanent or temporary, part-time or full-time work for education, clothing, a new set of wheels, or just to help out the family budget... check us out. We will train you to handle a variety of work positions and arrange a schedule to flt your needs, probably at a location In your own neighborhood! Experience isn't required. All that's required is "SPIRIT", and to enjoy working with other friendly people serving the public. We offer you a competitive wage, regular merit Increases, free uniforms, and the best training anywhere. Your experience with McDonald's will be an excellent reference for your • future career. "YOU, YOU'RE THE ONE!® " MAKE CONTACT at the McDonald's nearest you to apply. Bring a friend too, we can arrange for you to work on the Buddy System. Now Interviewing for Fall Employment We Are An Equal Opportunity Employer M/F network NOVEMBER 1978 PAGE 13 Running Against Helplessness All of us, both men and women, periodically struggle with a profound sense of impotence. MARKETING OPPORTUNITY Due to the recent reorganization of our Marketing Department, Mountain Bell by Karen Shepherd We have all been swamped by the frightening sense that we are helpless. ~acking the confidence to act, we sit, clutching our helplessness, hoping for rescue. When I have experienced this helplessness in the past; I have thought I could not act to end the resulting depression. I would forget I had power to act a.1d accept the downward spiral of emotion as one accepts the flu, waiting for it to pass. Once, impulsively, I acted out against my depression by pulling on my cut-offs, stepping into a pair of old tennis shoes, and running up the hill that leads past our house. My first run, a tortuous half-mile, left me with no particular sense of accomplishment; the depression prevented that at :first. Yet, the next day I again drove my _protesting body up that hill, taking satisfaction from my willful triumph over my quivering muscles and heaving chest: Soon I was .running a mile a day, and now, two i;tnd half years later, I run five miles each day. Each run has left me with a discernible strengthening of my sense of power to do and to·be. What is the explanation? Is there a connection between running and depression? Is that connection the reason why latter-day, born-again runners approach others with the fevered evangelism of the devoutly religious? @) is looking for market administrators The science of exercise physiology is just beginning to reveal the effects of exercise on our bodies and minds. For certain it is known that some amount of physical stress lasting for a specific period of time ( the duration differing for each person) will produce various bio-chemical changes in the body. There is much disagreement about precisely what happens, but everyone who runs feels the positive effects. Some claim to need less sleep, many find their energy increasing as the pounds drop off. More extravagant testimonials point to running as a cure for physical illness. All recognize a growing confidence and a general sense of well-being. Men are more likely than women to turn to a sport activity as an involuntary response to frustration and pain. This may be because men have serious sport experiences in their pasts which trigger memories of previously felt satisfactions. While large numbers of women do participate in sports, we seem to do it on a different level of intensity. Some of us reach adulth0od having had only minimal involvement. I had skied and done what I had to do in girls' gym, but that was it. The exhilaration from making my body work well was, for me, a wholly new experience; I did not see physical activity as a natural outlet for my emotional stress. So while we all experience similar feelings, men have learned to treat their feelings of helplessness with a mechanism which works. Action. Discovering physical activity as a reliable-method of maintaining a sen~e of potence is a smali, logical step for them. Indeed. it is o_nly one of the many options they perceive to be available to them. Women, on the other hand, have relied on their ability to passively tolerate pain, a method which tends to feed and amplify their sense of powerlessness. The first step a woman takes into the street is often not just the beginning of her first run. It is representative of a radical shift in her approach to life, and as such it may be a testing ground for other actions she may go on to take elsewhere. All of us, both men and women, periodically struggle with a profound sense of impotence. However, I sense great differences between men's and women's responses to it. I believe that women feel it more often, and that we are less apt in finding mechanisms of selfrescue. I believe that men, as the doers of the world, almost as second nature, turn to activity of one kind or another- work or sports, primarily - to treat their emo- The first step a woman ta~es in the street is often no1 just tional ills. Women have developed different the beginning of her first run. techniq·ues to treat their pain. We It is representative of a radispecialize in withdrawal, repression and advoidance. We tend to live our lives cal shift in her approach to through others, to let them act for us, to life. depend on them to rescue us. We have taught ourselves to endure and outlast the pain. We trust that our anguish will pass if This is not a scientifically determined we can persevere. observation. It is my own conclusion Applied to running, these differences based on my experience as a runner and as between men and women are apparent. a woman. I have finally recognized that I Recent studies seem to indicate that while will be and feel helpless in my life from women do not have the muscle mass re- time to time. But, in fact, I am not helpquired of a sprinter and will never match • less. I can do certain precise things to demen in this category, they will most prob- crease the int~nsity and frequency of these ably exceed male capability in the super- attacks. For me, and for many, running is long distance runs of 50 to 100 miles. one of those things. Those runs are bast!d not on strength, but Why running? Partly because it's hard on the runner's capacity to endure physical and requires discipline. Most of us have pain and psychological stress. We have learned to feel good about ourselves when been in training for that race for 5,000 we persist in accomplishing the difficult. years. continued on page 16 QUALIFICATIONS: • Interest in sales work and customer contact • Previous sales or customer service experience helpful • Prefer college graduate Successful candidates must complete a writ.ten test, oral interview and Marketing Assessment Center. Starting Salary: $14,300 Interested persons should send a detailed personal resume to: KATY WALTMAN Room 102 - 205 East 200 South Salt Lake City, UT 84111 "It is the policy of the Mountain Bell Company to provide equal employment opportunity in all personnel actions for all employees without discrimination because of race, color, religion , national origin, sex, age, non-job related physical or mental handicap, and disabled or Vietnam Era veteran status." • THE REPERTORY DANCE THEATRE PRESENTS A TRIBUTE TO VIR GIN IA TA NN ER AJOINT PERFORMANCE WITHRD TAND THE CHILDREN'S DANCE THEATRE NOVEMBER 10 and 11 at 8:00 P.M. CELEBRATING RDT'S PREMIER IN THE NEW CAPITOL THEATRE Ticket Prices: $3.00, 4.00, 5.00, 6.00 ALL SEATS RESERVED $1.00 Disrnunt for students, senior citizens, and University of Utah Employees For ticket information, telephone [phone] network NOVEMBER 1978 PAGE 14 Linda Williams: Determination 'n Stuff by Carolyn Campbell After a work background that included dog groomer, library clerk, medical assistant and housewife, Linda Williams found success in a totally new career as owner of Soup 'n Stuff, a restaurant in Salt Lake's Elks Building. Williams knew she had always liked a good bowl of hot soup. And she knew she wanted to start a business. From the beginning she knew she would make it. She credits her success to determination. ''If I could say one thing to women, it's don"t let yourself be stopped," she says emphatically, ''Ifl listened to everyone who said I wouldn't make it, I'd have quit the first day." "They told me nine out of _ten businesses fail, especially new ones." Plenty of people, including banks and the Small Business Administration, said she would fail. ''They told me nine out of ten businesses fail, especially new ones. I wanted to know how I could start an old business.'' Finally she approached a woman at a finance company who said, "You're up against a man's world. It will cost you more,'' to which Linda replied, "I don't care, because I know I'll pay it back in half the time." The woman said, ''then I'll fight for you.'' And she did. Her loan application was turned down one more time, but she eventually got the money. The money proved to be only the first obstacle. "At each stage I'd think I was going through the hardest part,'' Williams says, "there were more things involved than I could imagine: picking a logo, deciding what meats to have in the sand- wiches and how much to charge for a bowl of spaghetti, choosing a name for the place. And there were little things, like padlocks for the doors, and ashtrays-things I never thought about.'' But it was satisfying work. ''The most fulfilling part was actually going through with something I really wanted to do. Too many people set out stops for themselves. They say they could achieve a particular goal if they didn't have children, if they weren't as old as they are ... you can find a million things to stop you." Nothing stopped Linda Williams. After buying the carpet, furniture and necessary food equipment, she painted the restaurant herself. "I painted it all, from primer to top three coats. I've earned this restaurant ... this place is my own,'' she says proudly. She became the most anxious just before opening day. ''There were days when I'd go down there and there were no construction men there at all. And the opening was getting closer. I'd wonder, 'Who can I call about this?' Then I realized I'd have to handle it myself. I picked up the phone and told them they had five minutes to come in "But then I made them part of the busior I'd find someone else.'' They peel vegetables, help out. They ness. Now Williams puts in twelve-hour your their own school clothes this fall When you become bought all days. She begins making soup at five money they earned helping me. They house, it's time to get out. a.m., and usually stays at the restaurant with it's great that they'll always have a think until at least five in the evening. "Sure my they're good employees. I think if job, body gets tired, but my spirit goes on,'' there are very few businesses where you ing and housekeeping can prove valuable couldn't involve your children in some training in the restaurant business. way." ''Women are more inclined toward proShe feels her children have gained a viding a pleasant experience, toward keepHer- children have gained a as a result of work- ing clean. They are able to provide a serise of responsibility as a sense of responsibilityShe has also seen be- warmer, softer touch. '' ing in the restaurant. result, of working in the re- nefits for herself. "I was the kind of Williams especially enjoys this aspect staurant. housewife who got out the Liquid Gold of her work: pleasing the people. '' At first every day and polished the panelling. I I'd do anything - I'd even give stuff didn't know what was my house and what away. Even now I'll make half a sandwas me. When you become your house, wich, a quarter of a sandwich.'' She feels she says. At first, she felt some concern it's time to get out." that her policy of making each sandwich as She feels women have many skills for it Is ordered adds to the personalized atabout le<!ving her five children at home. (Three are teenagers, the youngest is six.) ''getting out of the house.'' She says cook- mosphere of the restaurant. She has faced challenges in her business. Being a boss for the first time was difficult. ''I was too much like a friend at first. And delegating responsibility took time. At first Pd be peeling vegetables while everyone stood around.'' When confronted with challenges, she used ingenuity. _" I needed eight burners. I had four. I started stacking the pans. The steam from the pan under would cook the food in the top pan. Now I think 'Who needs eight burners?' " Most exciting of all, Linda Williams is succeeding. "I'm making money. I have a regular clientele. '' Will there be another restaurant? ''I'm looking for two sites right now,'' she smiles confidently. "If I could say one thing to women, it's don't let yourself be stopped. If I had listened to everyone who said I wouldn't make it, I'd have quit the first day.'' PAGE 15 network NOVEMBER 1978 network classified youth displaced homemakers continued from page 6 legislation followed in 1975. As awareness grew concerning the plight of this group, programs around the country were established. "Early in 1978, Senator Birch Bayh and Rep. Yvonne B. Burke filed companion bills to amend the Comprehensive Employment and Training Act (CET A) to include a special program for displaced homemakers under Title III. The CETA bill sent by the Administration to Congress included for the first time displaced homemakers as a target group of economically disadvantaged, structurally hard-toemploy people whose needs should be served by the Federal employment training program. Equally without precedent, the Department of Labor at the full Committee hearing pledged to spend $5 million in fiscal '79 on displaced homemaker programs. The DOL also took a second unique step and set up a task force of Employment and Training Administration and Women's Bureay representatives to administer the program exenditures. '' During the conference we heard from Sara Weddington, Special Assistant to Jimmy Carter, who affirmed President Carter's support of the displaced homemaker. We were also inspired by some of the early pioneers of the movement. There were / dea Exchange Workshops in which people shared information about programs and methods. Probably the most exciting things which grew from the conference was the forming of a national network of people committed to improving the lot of the displaced homemaker. Problems for displaced homemakers exist in Utah. In Utah, The Phoenix Institute operates a program called Homemakers In Transition sponsored by CETA. In the Phoenix Project women receive prevocational training and are then helped to find good jobs. It was good that Utah was represented by some Utah women and that Utah is a part of the new national network. Four Utah women attended the conference. They were Dorothy Bingham, Orem, Utah; Jerri Brown, Salt Lake City; Susan Cannon, Salt Lake City, and myself. Network classified is a monthly feature. All ads accepted at the discretion of the publisher. Rates: 20 cents/word. Minimum ad, ten words. PO Box numbers and telephone numbers count as one word each; abbreviations, zip codes as one word each. Classified display (for camera-ready ads): $9/inch. Check or money order must accompany copy and be received. not later than the 10th of the month prior to on-sale date. For further information call network/532-60<?5. Interior Landscapes • Family Planning/ GYNCare • Colposcopy· • Cryotherapy • Full Physicals • Pregnancy Testing • Counseling • Sliding Fee Scale Nurses. We respect the profession. And pamper the person. @ Planned Parenthood Association of Utah 28 East 2100 South • Suite 102 Salt Lake City, Utah 84115 [phone] PLEASE SUPPORT OUR ADVERTISERS 19.66 $4,528 p $7,164 • $10,491 , . 1976 Women White~ Minorityt=:1111 Men $8,285 $7,825 $14,071 • p p *Includes all races other than white. Source: Prepared by the Women's Bureau, Office of the Secretary, U.S. Department of Labor, from data published by the Bureau of the Census. U.S. Department of Commerce. August 1978 If you are interested in more information or becoming involved, please feel free to call The Phoenix Institute -532-5080. Now glass and glass supplies 339 So. State 328-4088 There's nobody anywhere who has greater respect for RNs' or LPNs' high professional standards. But professionals are people, and we pamper ours with free choice of assignments, hours and days of duty. High pay, good benefits. We pay for insurance, too - and handle all the paperwork. Pamper your professional person. Call ... 484-6161 SALT LAKE MEDICAL PERSONNEL POOL Legal Services at Reasonable Fees Fully Employed Women Continue To Earn Less Than Fully Employed Men of Either White or Minority* Races Men Stained Glass Custom-made We Care ... Do You? • Colposcopy is a new .service we offer, to look at abnormal pap smears. A colposcope is a machine that views the cervix for cancerous or abnormal cells present. Utah's Most Valuable Resource •Divorce or Legal Separation uncontested (both spouses sign papers) $200.00 plus $25.00 filing fee •Instructions on how to do your own si_mple uncontested divorce and how to prepare all necessary papers $75.00 •Adoption uncontested severance proceeding, $150.00 plus costs of court and publication •Bankruptcy - non business, no contested proceedings, individual $150.00 plus $50.00 filing fee. Wife and Husband $200.00 plus $100.00 court filing fee Information regarding other types of cases furnished on request. BRIAN M. BARNARD Attorney at Law 214 East Fifth South Salt Lake City, Utah 84111 Telephone: [phone] New, exciting, challenging, forward-looking, timely, stimulating - these are some of the words usually associated with gifted education. But ICGE believes and proves that it's not the words that are so grand; it's the processes that happen while developing Utah's greatest natural resource that really count. ICGE invites gifted young people to come together in its monthly classes to make these processes happen . INTERMOUNTAIN CENTER FOR GIFTED EDUCATION 266-6188 LDS Hospital LDS Hospital is Mountain America's largest medical center - a 570-bed specialty care facility, affiliated with two outstanding universities. Privately owned and nonprofit, LDS Hospital is a major teaching, research and referral complex. It features: • Utah's most comprehensive inservice program • Tearn and primary nursing in any specialty • Computerized clinical lab work - patient . monitoring - charting • 16-Room OR (one of U .S. highest openheart surgery volumes) • Active research programs with full-time medical directors • Flexible paid leave (23 days annually) credit union - free physicals - insurance -retirement • Competitive salary and differential pay 1 Contact Kathryn Rice, R.N., LDS Hospital, 325 Eighth Ave. Nursing Salt Lake City, UT 84143. is our primary care Phone [phone]. ~ LosHosP1TAL network NOVEMBER 1978 PAGE 16 Running Against Helplessness continued from page 13 There is a shoe ad in a popular runner's magazine which pictures a man - the woman lying beside him is asleep - sitting on the side of his bed, socks and f-shirt on, holding his shoe _in one hand and his chin in the other. It's dark; the clock on the nightstand shows 5:30 a.m.; his face says he's sleepy and struggling with the temptation to crawl back into the snug warmth of his bed. The caption under the picture reads, ''The first step is the hardest.'' For me, entering the cold, dark morning world from the warmth and security of my bed each morning has taken on symbolic significance. If I can do that, I can do many other things I have never dared try before. The first step on the first morning was indeed the hardest and the most sig') nificant. Yet, each morning I have to consciously choose to go again, and the comfort of my bed always tugs. Running is pleasure; sleeping in a warm bed is pleasure. One is taken actively, one passively. The rewards of pursuing an active pleasure are intense and dependable. Passive pleasure 1s no doubt more comfortable, but its reward is fleeting because no investment was required. Ultimately, I found the warm bed to be a trap. Getting out on the street each morning helps me generate the kind of inner strength that lasts, the kind of energy that I can apply to other parts of my life, and the sense of well-being that gives me the con- Patti Mortensen and Debra Mortensen, two sisters who refidence to act. All the other benefits I feel cently ran in the St. George 26-mile marathon held in the latter part of October. are incidental to those.