Targeted Cancer Therapy Associated Optic Neuropathy at a U.S. Tertiary Cancer Center

Targeted Cancer therapy (TCT) has transformed the field of oncology. TCT is a novel treatment modality that harnesses the patient's own immune system to target cancer and block tumor cells from deactivating the immune system. TCT works successfully on tumors that were previously difficult to treat, leading to improved prognosis in advanced metastatic tumors. TCT has been associated with a broad spectrum of side effects called immune-related adverse events (irAEs). Neuro-ophthalmic irAEs occur in 0.46% of patients on TCT and may affect the afferent and efferent visual systems. TCT-associated optic neuropathy has been reported in the literature as either optic neuritis, arteritic or non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy. Our study aims to identify the presentation and characteristics of different forms of TCT-related optic neuropathy and clinical outcomes.