Organizational identification: a case study of the Davis County Cooperative Society, the Latter Day Church of Christ, or Kingston Order

In this dissertation, I address the concept of organizational identification in the Davis County Cooperative Society, or Kingston Order. Carefully crafted organizational rhetoric and powerful compliance structures to solidify the organizational messages produce a remarkably high degree of organizational identification among its members. After examining the historical and rhetorical influences that have led to the creation of the Kingston organization, I describe three major ideological platforms that guide the organization's policies and procedures: consecration/communal living, polygamy, and intermarriage (Chapter 2). I discuss three key terms that are instrumental to understanding organizational identification (OI) in the Kingston polygamous organization: rhetoric, organization, and religion (Chapter 3).

ORGANIZATIONAL IDENTIFICATION: A CASE STUDY OF THE DAVIS COUNTY COOPERATIVE SOCIETY, THE LATTER DAY CHURCH OF CHRIST, OR KINGSTON ORDER by Amy Kathlyn Osmond A dissertation submitted to the faculty of The University of Utah Doctor of Philosophy Department of Communication University of Utah December 2010 STATEMENT OF DISSERTATION APPROVAL The dissertation of Amy Kathlyn Osmond has been approved by the following supervisory committee members: George Cheney , Chair 8/30/2010 Danielle Endres , Member 8/30/2010 James A. Anderson , Member 8/30/2010 Connie Bullis , Member 8/30/2010 Steven Ott , Member 8/30/2010 and by Ann L. Darling, Chair of the Department of Communication and by Charles A. Wight, Dean of The Graduate School. ABSTRACT In this dissertation, I address the conce ! " # $ " % & " ! " ' " " " ! " ( ) ! " ) & * " " + " " ! % - " ) . " ! / " " 3 " " 4" % % 5 6& - " ( ! 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" " ' & # / " " ' ( " * & / " " & < member of my committee went out of his or her way to help me reach this point in the % - " " & = ( " ! $ ` % # % " 5 6 ' - ' ` ` & - ! ) & W % ( % # % " " " " " & q ) % ' & Thank you to my dear mother, Kathy, who babysat my children while I went to x " ' ( & $ " " ' - " & $ ) ) " - " / " " ' & = ( ! % @ % ' ' - ' ) " & @ " " % - " " " " " & Thank you to my beautiful sister, Michelle, and my awesome Aunt Debbie, who " ) ' & = ( ) $ \ $ ( ) " & Thank you to my awesome friends, who babysat my children, helped me work % ' ' % " & @ " / * ' " ' - & - ) ) & = ( ' ) % % ' " & - " " % " " " " % ) " " & - ' & W % ( ' % ) % ' ! 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" # [ ' & Topically, ) " ' ' " " " " ) ' ' " ) & Methodologically, " ' ' " " " " " ' ' ' " % % ! * & = % * % ! * ; % ' " * ! ) + " " ' ! & Theoretically, " ( " ) % " ! " ) ; * ) ! " " ' ? 5$ % 76; " ) " ! ' " ' ) " & Conclusion - " % - ! " ! ' ) ! % ) * % ! " ! ' ' " " " ' & ) ! ) " " 3 = # $ " % Q # " 5" g ! j g j " " 6& 7 " " - ' ' " " ! & - ' " " " " 8& = * " & ? " <* > & - % - " ! ) ! ' 5" " 6% 5) 6% 5 ) @ % X?6& - J% - " & q % - ) " - 5" ) z # "( &% ?% 6 [ " ' ' / ) 5 " ' w / " % " % " " 6& W % ' ) ) ) ' Q " / 5 86 ) " " % 9 ( / 5 ? 6 % z # "(/ 5 ?6 [ ! " & M * 9 ( - " % J ' " " ) ! " & W % X " " " % " % % ) * & ` % - " " % " ! % " % ) ' " " " ' " % " % " % ) CHAPTER 2 DESCRIPTION OF CASE STUDY "The Order is . . . the only place where we have Brother Paul to teach us how to be better people and live the kind of lives that will please our Heavenly Father" 5 % % & 76& - 7?% \ # ' & > ` ' & = % % ) & 9 ( " % ( / ' & ' % ) " " ' " & > ' % % & ) "( \ # % < # $ " & = " ' " " " ! ' " ' " / ) ' ( ) " " " & - % - ' * " " + " " ! & - ' ) ) " ) ' ! ' " ) < % " gQ j ! & _ * % - " ) . " ! / " " 3 " 4" " % % & = % - ' " ) " * ! & - "% ) ' * % Q#$ " " % Q#$[) " & X Creation of the Davis County Cooperative Society = " ) ' < % ) ' @ % < / & @ z > $ ' Q % ` Q#$ = > M% J& = " % < % ' ) [ q / % - 5\ % 8 6% ' ' & " % ( . ) ' ( $ " & Excommunication From the LDS Church < / % % ) Q#$ " " ) " " " X ) g` %j " * * ' ) $ % Q#$ " " / & Q#$ " " % * " $ % % " ) & % ) " ' " $ % ) ( ' Q#$ " " & - M% ( ' % z % Q @& @ % ' " " " Q#$ = " " " % Q#$ " " ) & = ' @ ) ( ' Q#$ " " & - % / % ' % " ' & - X% ' ' $ Q ( ) ' & @ z " % g@ / ) ' ' % - k -/ ) "( - W X /" "( -/ & = " & ' ) ; " " ' ) ; ' 19 j 5q % J% & 8M6& - ' ' ) ' ( $ Q ( & = * % % ' ' " ) z & < ' % " " % % g- ' ) ) ) " " " &j 9 ' % < ' " Q & 9 < @ " " 5q % J6& < Q#$ " " 5 ' " 6 ) ' ) Q#$ " " ' " & $ % " ) ) " % g < ( Q % he followed whatever path that he felt like he had to, to make it possible for him to do j 5 " X6& On March 4, 1929, the leadership of the LDS church in Idaho Falls *" " @ Q#$ " " & ' ( % > " % Charles William received what he described as a vision: =' ' ( & = ( ) & & & & $ ' + ' ) & q ) ( ' ' ' ' & $ " ' - never heard so powerfully expressed before, and I wondered who this powerful " ) & q ( ' " ) q " ' & g- " / ) Q %j - & gq " " ( &j $ % ' - q " q % - ' " ) ' ) q ' " ' ) q " & - ' & - ( ' ' ' q ' 5q % J% & 8M6 # " @ / " % z % < % " ) " " & z " ' % ( / " ' " " & 3 gW ' ) ( ' - " & = " " ' ' " 20 j 5q % J% & 8M6& =' % 77% z % < % z& % ) & > 9& % % ) \ ' Q#$ " " " ) Q#$ " " " % ' *" " & The Need for Economic Relief Meanwhile, the Great De ' % ' ' ( & < g ' " ' " " " & & & " Q & $ ' ' he believed had the authority to accept the consecrations of the people and offered to j 5q % J% & 8X6& = % < ' ( ' ' & $ ' " & ' g " j ) Q ' ` % 5< "( % ?; q % J; q % ; " X6& - 7?% < 5' ) " " " 6 ' ) ' ) ) ' \ & " ) " ) 3 g 7? ' & & & & @ " ( % " ' ( j 5 " ; " 86& % 7?% < % ?% ' ' ) " ) # $ " & = < / ' % ) " " ' " ' % % * ) ( \ & First Days of the Davis County Cooperative Society 21 - ' " ) ( ' g %j ' " & g9 < %j ' " % " g " ) ' j ) ! 5 % 6& = % ) ' & An austere dress code of denim overalls for men and blue broadcloth dresses for ' ' & ) 3 g@ ' " % ) ' ) " & = ' ' ) & = ' " % ' "( % ) ! & = " ' & = " " "( ' ( " ' & = ' ' ' " / & = ' ) ) " ' "( ) ' & - ' " ' ( " & = " ' ) ' ' ) '& = ' ' ) ' ( ( j 5 % )% 88% & 6& $ ' ) 5\ % 8 % & ?6& ) / ' % ' ) ) ) ( 5\ % 8 6& \ % ) % ' . % g@ ) ' & _ ' ' " ( ' " - " j 5 & J6& " % " ) " " 3 g= " ' - " ( ' % ' " ( " & - ' - ' \ j 5\ % 8 % & 786& Q " ' " & ) 5 & M6& \ " 3 g9 < " % ' & @ ' & - ' ) " 22 j 5 & X6& > ) ' ( " ' ) & > ) ' ( " " 3 ?% 7 % \ ' 3 g9 " ) M /" "( 5 " ' ) 6 / " & & & & - ' " ) * ' > / j 5 & ? 6& W ) 8% 7 % 3 g9 - " ) "( j 5 & ? 6& W ' " & % ) ' & = ' " % % 5\ % 8 6& - ) % g j g ' ' (j 5 & J6& % ' ) = ( # & = ' % ' " & < % ' % ' " ) g Q ' ( % " % "& ' ' ' j 5\ % 8 % & 86& q ' % " ) " " & ' 3 g> " 7 % 8 3 # " " ' " ( *" ) ) " j 5 8 % & JJ6& _ ' " ) ) & < " % called the Law of One above Another, in which every member was placed within a " ) ) & < " " ) ' < ) ' " & < ' ) g %j \ g %j & = ' " ) ' ) % ) & W * % ' < ' ) g [ %j ) " ' ' g} &j = " ' ' ) g [ %j ) " ' " ' g} &j ) ' ) ) & W * % " " ' ) ? ' ) ) g ?[ [7&j In the early days of the Order, members referred to each other by these numbers in place & \ ' ) ) % g- ' ' ' ( 5 ) 6 ' & ) [ 7 " ' ' " ( ) ) - ' " ) " ' ( j 5 8 % & 7M6& \ % " & W * % \ % ' % g 73 $ ' j 5\ % 8 % & 6& ?% g ( ( ) 7 j 5\ % 8 % & J6& 7% / g) ) ' ) ( " ) "(j 5 & M6& @ ) ) ) " " " % " " " & q ' % ) / " ) " ) & " % g- ' & - ' ' & > " & & & & $ " ' & - / ( ( % ) ) " % w j 5 " 6& - % " " ) " & 9 " ) ' " ( ' ' ' " ' . ) 5 " % " X% " % " X6& < ) ) ' g j ( Q#$ " " $ / % " ! the Doctrine and Covenants: g " -% Q \ % ' % " ' % " ' " % ' ' % ' ; ' ) ' ) fountain of truth, to set in order \ % ) lot the inheritances of the saints whose names are found, and the names of their fathers, and of their children, ) ( ' \ j 5# X?3M[X6& q ' ) ) " ' ' $ / " & < ) "" ) ) % % / % w & 24 Three Ideological Platforms: Professed Value Commitments and Associated Practices = . " ! / "% " " & = % " " ) . " ) " % " 5 g` j6% % & = " " ) ( ! ( " [) " & Co Q 4 secration - X78% = " Q [ $ 5Q#$6 " " " ' " " % " g` %j g " " ) j 5$ % X786& ` [" Q#$ " " % ` ' " * ) X78 ' " ) " " % " % ' ( " " 5$ % X786& = ' ) ) " " ) "" & - ' ' " " " ) % ' ' < % ' & - ' " [) ' " " " ' " ' % " % " " ) ' ' " gQ [ $ &j = " " ' ) % ' % ) " / ' " ; ` 5 " g" " j6 ' " X7X " ' " " ) " " " " 5$ % X7X6& Implementation of Communal Living "" ! "% " " " " ' ) % Q#$ ) " " "& $ Q#$ ? " " g ' Q ' q W & $ ' ' ( ) % the Holy Ghost would whisper to them and tell them that someday there would be ' ' " ` ' ) \ j 5 % % & J6& = g j ' " " " & = ' < & Q#$ % ' promised God to live the United Order, he attempted to turn in all of his possessions to Q#$ " " " Q#$[) " & _ ' ( & " % < g ' ( q W ' " consecration and he would have to be the one to make a place so other people could come / ' ' j 5 % % & J6& < " " " " & @ < " % % ) % ' ' " & $ ` ) " " $ & " ) 3 g> & @ ' % ' "( " & $ ' ) ' % ` % ' ) Q # $ ' ` & It became part of her life, and when they were told to dissolve the United Order, it was " / & - ' " \ ) " / ) ) ( j 5 % )% 88% & 6& > ) . ! ) " ) " ' " " " & ' " " " ) ! & ) " 3 g@ . % ' . % & J & & & Q / ' % " ) & & & & - / % "(% / th % ' % ' ' & 9 ' ( " & & & & = ! 7? % ) " " / % j 5 " 76& = ) " " " \ # ' & Current Kingston Communal Living - " " % # $ ' " . " " & = ' % ' " ) & W * % ! / % < Q ) ` ' & < % ) ( % g " ) ' j 5" & $ % X7 6% & ) ! ' ) ) / " % the members were told to move back into their homes and remove wallpaper, wall " % " % + " " ' " 5< "( % ?6& = % ` ! 5 6 ' ( [ [ ' ) % g ' j; 5 6 % g %j [ ' ) (; 576 [ ' ) ; 586 ' ( ' " ; 5?6 " g %j ) ( ; 5J6 " 5 % ; )6& Pol y w % ' 5" " g j g j6% ' " ) Q#$ " " M * X8 X % 7 nd section of the LDS Doctrine and Covenants, ' " ) ' g ' " j & "" Q#$ " % ( " 5$ % X876& # % * ? Q#$ ' ' 5q % ; q "( % X6% ' ) 7 " " $ & \ XM 5Q % XX6 " Q#$ ' 5q ! % 6& " @ g ' $ ' " /j 5z @ % X % q ! % ; 9 % ; % M; @ ( # % 6& LDS Church's Abandonment of Polygamy Pioneer ' " " ' ' [ " " & * 3 g "" ' ) Q [ $ ' % "" " $ " " j 5 & 7 % W % X6& % [" ' % Q " @ ( ) % ' 3 g [" % [ ; ) ) & & & ' % ' * " j 5 % M% & 8JX; W % X6& 9 ` $ / Q#$ ) % X Q#$ " " " ) & = " " " " g$ " > j ' " 8 ) W& $ 5q % J% & 8 6& Mainstream LDS Doctrine = Q#$ " " " " ) ) " " g " %j " ' 5q "( % X 6& W X Q#$ " " \ 9& q "( 5 X 6 3 g- ' " " " ' ' " " & & & & - ) ) " " % *" " % " " & _ " " '% ' " j 5 & M 6& Kingston Doctrine = ! % ' Q#$[) " % ) Q#$ " " g ! j ) \ $ ' " " " & " % " ' " ) ( ' g> $ j % ' ) Q @ 5 6% ' [ "" 5 ' ) 6& - XX?% = % Q#$ " " % " ' " " " & W ) % XX?% ' * XXM 5gq " %j ?6& # % Q#$[) ! ) " " XXJ ' " " " " " " $ % ' $ ) J% XXJ& = ! 5 ' Q#$[) 6 " " " 59 " % @ % @ % 6& 9 " % / g j 3 g ' q W ' ) ' ' ' ' ) j 5 " 6& 29 Polygamy in the Kingston Organization w % " " ! % & = ! 5w * ) 6 ' & w ) ' ? 8 ' ) 5\ " % ?; q % J6& J " ) " % ' \ 5 ?6 3 Paul Kingston's Wives and Children Patricia Elaine Brown w Martha Elaine ) Mary Ann Katherine Anna Matthew Ortell Carolyn Ruth Paul Elden Patricia Elaine < Michael Ray David Ortell Adam Paul Rachel LaDonna Daniel Charles 7 Ruth Carol Verla Richaun Dye " < Rebekah Richaun David Paul " ) Sarah Aften Stephan Ortell Hanna Richaun Ruth LaDonna Rachel Anna Vesta Mary LaDonna > " Natalie Marie Dye Nichole Marie Allen Daniel Elden " # ' < Caleb Paul Christian Elden > Deborah Ellen Tucker Deborah Amy 7 w Samuel Elden Pamela Ruth Lisa Marie Amanda Marion < Charles Michael Q Mary LaDonna Philip Ortell Cara Vesta Rulon Eskel ) Elden Clyde Austin Richard Ortell Shaun Charles Bethany LaDonna Holly Priscilla Chastity Carol Anna Orlean Gustafson Peter Elden Gardner Paul Aaron 7 Shem Alden Elden Paul < Abram Paul < ! ) Q z Allison Vallanne Seth Elden Summer Rhode Colleen Ardous Gustafson Solomon Elden Bonnie Colleen > Dawn Ardous > 9 ( ( Melanie Brooke Emily LaDonna Chase Elden w Abraham Ortell Becca Marie Finley > Rachel LaDonna 77 Amber Marie Paul Nathaniel Hyrum Ortell Autumn Danielle David Ortell w Desiree Becca Q 4W \ " < ! ) \ " < ! ) Michelle Rhoda Katherine LaDonna Andrew Paul Chelsey Ardous Molly Vesta Carol Ann Mark Ellery Q Steven Elden Miller Colleen Ann Matthew Ortell Michael Paul Kent Charles Andrew Clyde 78 Andrea Gayle Danyeil Vesta w Lindsay Ardous Sandra LaDonna w @ & $ William Ortell Parker Christopher Wendell > @ Enoch Charles Shalley Annalynn Nichole Ruth Peterson 9 _ " # $ @ $ Luke Earl # Q > Paul William Nathan Ortell 7? < Charity LaDonna Ren Ortell Landon Charles Betsy Marie Reynolds Carrie LaVona Spencer < Harmony Marie Betsy Pauline Valene LaDonna $ w Ryan Ortell Paul Bryce Savanna Lynn Chlsea Lynn Wendell Paul > $ = "( Charles Elden Prescott Isaiah Ortell Israel Ortell Alma Paul Raelynne Walton Christine LaDonna Katherine Myrna 7J Kimberly Ann Tamara Stowell " ) w $ ' Paula Maurine Gustafson 9 9 Heather Paula = 4 /9 # Samantha Katherine < Isaac Paul Campbell Hope Arlene Ephraim Ortell Carl Elden Joseph Ortell's Wives and Children Q \ Andrea Orlean w ) "" " Q Lisa LaDonna Diane LaDonna 7M Lori Ann Dye Christine Lori Kennedy Carolin Afton Michael Ortell Nathan Elden Charles Alex ' " ) # Kimberly LaDonna Lydia Ann Pratt @ Elden Ortell Christopher < ! ) < Ruth LaDonna 5# 6 < = "( 7X > $ Robyn Kathleen $ 5# 6 " Nicholas Elden Gary Vincent Holly Orlean Heather LaDonna Katherine Rachel w " ) < Rose LaDonna David Ortell Camille Rhoda Jesse's Wives and Children " z - " Elden Ortell 7 > " Charles William " Q $ Derek Ortell Thomas Paul " z Q # Noah Ortell Shem Orvil Samuel Nathan Q ! & $ z ) Matthew Wesley Q Q ! Lindsey Ardous w Carolyn Mary Stoddard 9 q " Q # Leanne Orlean Dawn 40 q ' > ( 9 . Q Q # David Paul Kimberly Isabell q Eric Ortell Methews Mary Orlean < ! ) Q # @ Anna Vesta Vesta Ruth Davis LaDonna Andrea Rachel Luella Catherine Orlean 41 w > Rachel Marie Hilton Lorie Laurine Freeman Carolyn Lori Carlson Kelly LaDonna " ) < Evelyn Kay Peterson _ " < < q Cindy Kay Blake Elden Michelle Afton Brown Andrea LaDonna w < Charles Ortell Michelle Ruth Felicia Walton 4Q " 42 David Ortell's Wives and Children $ ( # Amy Sharll Katherine LaDonna Seth Paul Eskel Travis Ortel Ruth Molly Ortell Ray > " ) - " Matthew Paul Kelly LaDonna " z # Laura Ruth < " Mikel Rae Cannon Paul Ortell David Michael Caleb Elden 87 # Charles Caleb Kara Carlene Q q w Martha Aleina $ " Daniel Kelly Amanda Rachel David Ephraim Q # > " Q Ammon David Alisha Michelle Samuel David Kimberly LaDonna Shannon LaVionda Weaver Zachary Dean Hardy Katelyn Shannon $ Mark Ran 44 Q Q " Kimberly Ruth Brown Ruth LaDonna Winters Andrew David Sarah Kimberly David Ortell " ) < Christine Bonnie Gustafson Diana Christine Q David Shaun Robert Elden Promise Kimball Maryann Nelson q 9 W 4 Q 4q 4 " ) John Daniel's Wives and Children Rachel Ann Brown # " ) 8? Rachel Ann Ruth Ann ) @ Isaiah Elden > " Deborah Carol < . < # Samuel Ray Charles Enoch Mary LaDonna $ >& \ z Mary Ann Cheryl LaDonna Eric Clyde Esther Orlean Charles Luke Nelson Michelle Susan Andrea Orlean Melanie Orlean Ortell Krista w " Q 8J ) _ Kristeen Noralee Kyle O Charles William ' Cathryn LaDonna Shera Ruth David Ortell Patrick Elden Rachel Danniella Vesta Ann > Q& ' Charles Aaron Larsen Dorothy Valayte Hannah Lucy < ! ) # ' # ' < ! ) Michael Elden Solomon Wendell Amanda Leanne 8M 9 [Q > < Nathan Andrew Rachelle Lynne Amber Marie ) [ Brenda Rachel Shirley Grace Hansen \ $ ' Shanell Grace Ketelyn Marla Kathryn Rose Kollene Dawn $ " ) Shem Eskelsen Nicholas Ryan Sariah VeeAnne Q Rebekah Catherine 8X Samantha > Hannah LaDonna # q > Stephanie Lynne Foster Andrea Heidi Matthew Elden Melanie Victoria ) Michael Charles Ronald Ortell Q & Carol Lynne Fuller Q Q # & < Charles David Laura Ann Beverly LaLena Finley 49 Beverly Ruth Anna LaLona Q < >" " Nichole LaDonna Andrea Rhoda Hannah Lynn Holly Rhode Heather Ardous Valerie Beth Stephens - " > Valerie LaDonna Adam Ortell Carolyn Beth 9 . Evelyn Holly Emily Ruth Katie Luella @ " ) - ? < 9 Hyrum Dalton's Wives and Children Kathy Peterson Promise Kathy Charlotte Marie q " q < ! ) q Michael Paul Michelle LaDonna Hyrum David Katy Ann > ' < ! ) " $ ! ' Lloyd Perry Madsen Robert David Blaine Charles = > $ $ 4 ' Dalton ? Andrew 4 Elaine Crossley Jason's Wives and Children 5# 6 Rosalind Leanne Brown Q > < Andrea Martha Nichols Rachel LaDonna > < ! ) LaDonna Elaine Shirley Faye Brown Faye LaDonna ) "" " LaDonna Samantha " " q > q ? > Mary Elaine McKinley w Eskel Raymond Colette Ardous Benson Sarah LaDonna < David Ortell \ " " % " ' ' " & > * % ) ) ' & Equal Treatment ! " ' & q ' % " " % ) ' & ) 3 g= % ' ) % ' / ) & " ' ( ' ( % % % " ) ) & 9 / & - / j 5 " ?6& ' / ) % 5 " ! 6% would come to see her mother only on their anniversary and her birthday after she was no ) ) " 5 " ?6& Interest in Participating = & $ g j ) * ' ' 5 " ?6& % ' % ?7 ' ) 5 " 6 ) " 5 " 6 " & One participant explained it this way: > ' ' % ) " - ( ' ' ' ' & - / ( ' & " % ' ' & - ' ) "( / % - ( % ' " & - ' ) % ' . " % . " " & - ' . ' & = / - " ( ) "( -/ ( % ) -/ % - (& 9 - . / ' & - ' . ) & 5 " ?6 w " ? " % * " % " ' " ' ) ( 3 _ ' % ) ' ( ( ' "( & = " " & 9 - " ' % ' - " / % ) % - % ' - - ) " - / kj & & & = / ) " ' " & / & ' ) & - ' % / ) ) ) ' & & & - ( ' ' ' - " % - & $ & = / ' ' / & 5 " ?6 @ ! g " j 5 " % " 76 ' ; ) " ) " " " " 59 " % @ % @ % ; " X6& @ ! & ) " & " 3 g-/ " / ) ( ' / % " & & & & < ) & " - "( ' % ) ) ( ' % & % ' / ) ( ) ) / ) ( & 9 ) ( ' & -/ ) ?[J ?8 ' ( Q / & ' ! ' ' ' & > % / " ' & ' / % / X [ & - / . ' j 5 " ?6& - % ) ' " % ' % " ' ) ! ) " " " ' " ' " " 59 " % @ % @ % 6& - T " ! / " " " ) ' ) 5" g " j \/ " $ _ ; ) ) " . - ' g &j6 9 5 6 " ! / " " / ' ( ' "( ) & 9 % " % ! ) "([ [' ( " ' " " " ) ) " & Literal Descendents of Jesus Christ = " ) "( ; % " ) ) & - " ' ! ' ) ' ' " " ) & - " % " " ) ' & / " 5 " 6% ) [ & w ?? [ 5 ? " ) & 9 " sensitive nature of this information, I have cho 6& Practical Implications and Effects of the Doctrine = / adical revision of the Christian doctrine that humans are g" \ j 5 & &% " 6 ' " " " 3 % ) % " ' & $ " % ) ( ) & Q ) " ) ' % ' ) ' ) " ! % ( & % ) ' ' ' "" % " % ) " ) " " 59 " % @ % @ % 6& $ " % ) " " . ) " g( ) &j ) % g " [) % " " % ' % "&j 5> [< % 8% & JX6& = " " " 5 6 ( ) " " ' ! " ! ! ) ) ; 5 6 " ) ) . " ) ' ' " ) " " " % " ! " & " 3 - ) ) " " % " % " ! % ' 5< "( % ?6& " % ' " " " " ) ` \ / " % ! " " " & ?J Resisting the Discourse Former me ) ! ' & Several report that this practice is uncomfortable for many and contributed to their " ! 5 " X; " 6& ) * 3 g> ' / ' " & q ' " & $ . " / ' % % % ' ' / j 5 " ?6& ) " ' ' ) ' ' 3 g@ % % ' ) ' ) ) & $ - " "( ) j 5 " 6& W ) ( ' 5' ) ) ) ' ) 63 Many, many ye ' - ' ' [ % - ' ' ' ' " ) & = ' ' ' > ' % ' ' ' & = [ [ ' " & > ' % ' / ' & = " " ' % ) . % - ) " ) " ) ) ) & > ) ) ) " ) [ [ ' & ) " " % & For if he was my uncle, then that also made him brother = ' '/ ' [ ' % " ' [ & W / ' ' ( & ) " % ' / & > ' ' / % ( ) & 9 " % ' % & - ' - " & - ( % ' & W ' - ) " " '& ) % - ' 5< "( % ? 6 ?M d Un = ! " ( Q#$[) " & % " ) ` " 9 5 g \ %j ) ' 6 W Q [ $ 5WQ#$ " " % ) * % ; > [< % 86& = ! " ) ' ) " % ! ) & $ % ' * Q#$ " " Q#$[) " & 9 ' " % Q#$% Q#$[ " % [ " " * ! " " & Christian Texts The . * "" ) = _ ' = 9 ) & - = % ) ( \ " ! . " " % " ) % " )% > ' % ) ' " " ) & W * % \ 3 3 g $ ' the son of q < % ' " born ) &j - # " % " $ / % " 7 ) " )/ " " ' " " ) ' "" " ) \ & Q ( % ' $ ' & = _ ' = " "" " " & = 9 ( ?X ! % ) ) " "" " ) ' ) $ X7 " " $ " & LDS Texts T ! " = " Q [ $ % " Q#$ " ) $ & - "" Q#$ * ) X > & $ extant texts of this period include the Book of Mormon, the Doctrine and Covenants, and ) Q#$ " " " " ) ! & The Book of Mormon is believed to be an historical account of two ancient " ! @ q * 9& & 8 &#& = * % ' X ) $ "( @ _ ' (% ' " $ = " Q [ $ % ' " ) ) ' ) & " 9 ( > 5 " ) 6 " " " % " % ' ' " " ) ( = " ' " ) \ 3 g= ) ' * ; " % ( *" " whoredoms% ) " ' " ' ' " " # % $ & 9 % # Solomon truly had many wives " " ) % ' " ' abominable ) % Q j 5 " ) 3 7[ 86& = " ' ' g) ( ' % " " " % ) " ) * ) ; )) " ? \ j 5 " ) 37?6& = " ' ) 5 " ) 3 M6& " ' Q g" j g j " " "" " " ) \ 5 " ) 37 6& > ) rs of the LDS church believe " ' " g j * ? % X8 [ X % ' " \ ) " " @ @ / X > & " Q#$ " % ) " ) " " & = # " 7? " g j " ) $ % " 7X " & - # " % ' " & # 8 3 J ' ) 3 g@ % ' ' % ' ) + % and all this that the earth ' " &j q ' % # 7 ' & W % g ' " j 5 & 86 ' " ' " " ' ) 3 % - % marry a wife by my word, which is my law, and by the new and " % sealed unto them by the Holy Spirit of promise, by him who is anointed, unto whom I have appointed this power and the keys ; ) " " & & & thrones% ( % " % ' % % & & & = ) % ) " ; ) % ) " " ; ) ) % ) " ). " & = ) , because they have all power, and the ). " & zerily, verily, I say unto you, except ye abide my law " & 5# 7 3 [ 6 J Second, the section outlines the conditions in which men can have more than one wife ' \ / 3 % another% " % " % % ' % . ; " " ; " " ' ) & And if he have ten ) '% " " % ) % ; . & 9 % % ) ' % " % ) ; him to multiply % "" " % ' " ' ) W ) world, and for their exaltation in the eternal worlds, that they may bear the souls ; ' ( W " % ) & 5# 7 3J [J76 Third, t ' " " " & z 78 3 g\ commanded ) % $ q ) ' & ' k 9 " ' '; q &j " $ / ' < % ? 3 gQ % < $ % receive ) % ' ) ; ' % ' % ) % Q \ &j % " " ' ' " " ) ' 3 I say unto you, if any man have a wife, who holds the keys of this power, and he " ' % % she believe and administer unto him, or she shall be destroyed, saith the Lord \ ; - ' ; - ' ' " ) '& & & & = % ) ' % " '% " ' -% Q \ % ' % ) " ) "" ' ; ) " j 5# 7 3J8[J?6& Q#$[) " " " " ' . ' . ) ( Q#$ " " % J " " g ' " j g &j = Q#$ " " " "" " " ) ' g" j g j ) ' " ) & = Q#$ " " ! " " % " " " * & = ! "" ) Q#$ " " " & = " W& @ % Q#$ % 3 g> & & & ' ' " ' & & & ) - ( ' % % ' . ; ' ' \ % ' " j 5 % % & J6& q ) & ) % Q#$ % ) ! 3 g9 ' " ' Q ' " > ' ' " " ) j 5 % % & J6& = ! ) ) " " # $ " & Texts From LDS Sects Q#$[) " ' % ) 3 @ @ / X > ) " " Q#$ " " ' & Q#$ " ) @ @ " ' "" ) " ) . ) ` ) " & " % " ' " ) ( ' g> $ Revelatio j 5w w % J6% ' " = % Q#$ J " " % " " " $ continue the practice of plural marria " & 9 " " % ' ) Q @ % Q#$[) " ' # " - " " q % ) '3 $ ) J% XXJ% \ & % q 9& ' % W ( $& " % % ' w = / " % # % ` % " w = / " & & & & = - ' " " & & & $ ) ' - ' # " % - ' " w = / % ' " " ( & = ' " " & - ' ) ' because it was my duty to keep people out of the room and evidently someone ' ( ' & - * ' ' " " & @ * ' '% % " ( % % g / $ k @ ' kj & & & @ w = " ) /" "( $ ) M% XXJ% ' " " " ( "" ) & q % g9 - " ' 9 $ Q &j @ ) ( % ) ) & & & ' ) /" "( ' % ) ) & w = " & q > ) % ) " \ & % & q " " ' " w > % ' consecrate their lives, liberty and property to this end, and that they personally ' " & & & & " " % + ) " % ' " " ) $ Q % % % g$ " _ - ' ) ) & $ " _ - ' ) ) - ' " After that he talked for about an hour and then sat down and wrote the ' " ' ) Q w > & = ( % % g$ ' ) " ! " " ) ) ) " " % ) " % ) ' % ' % ' ) J7 ) j & & & % w = Q& _ ' " & q " 3 $ 9 % q& @ ( % \ & % @& @ % & He then set us apart and placed us under covenant that while we lived we ' ) ' " ) ) " & @ ' " " ' ( % ) ' " % " ' 5) 6% ) " ' (& q " " & - ' % - ( ' brethren remained true and faithful to the covenants they entered into, and to the ) " & & & & > - % ) " % " " ' " ' & President Taylor said that the time would come when many of the Saints ' ! ) " " & q g ' ! " ) j 5 + ' ( 6& q ' " ' " 5> 6 " ' ) ) " % ' ' " g ' ' ) " &j He said that in the time of the seventh president of this Church, the Church ' ) ) 5 ) 6 > $ ( X?th Section of the Doctrine ' " & 5q % J% & 7 ?6 $ ) & W % ' "" [ Q#$ " " = ( ' $ & = 3 g9 % - " ' 9 $ Q &j $ " % ' = " " " ' " " ) " g j3 gq " " ' " w > % and that they would consecrate their lives, liberty and property to this end, and that J8 ' " &j = % ' ) * " 3 g> - % ) " % " " ' " ' &j W % ! % = g " % " ' ) ) % 5 ) 6 > $ ( X?th Section of the Doctrine and ' " &j = Q#$ " " ' q ) & \ % ' X 8?& # " X?3M 3 g " -% Q \ % ' % " ' % " ' " % ' ' % ' ; ' ) ' ) % set in order \ % ) lot the inheritances of the saints whose names are found, and the names of their fathers, and of their children, enrolled in the ) ( ' \ &j = " ' \ ' " \ ' Q#$ & < # $ " 7?% q ) & \ Q#$ " " & 9 < ' *" " Q#$ " " 7 % ' ' " " % ' " ) ' ) Q#$ " & he was told by LDS church leaders that consecration of all of ' % ( ' ' " g &j < ) " " \ & = ) < ) g > $ &j = ) J? * "" ) Q#$ " % ) " g> $ %j ' " ' ) . * " & ! = * = ! ! " " [ & 9 ) " " % * ) & = ' ! " % ' % ) ) ) > % ) ' ! [ & % " ' ) " ) > $ Q ( & = " - ) ) "" 5 6 $ $" ; 5 6 " / $ $" J[M% g- W j; 576 gW q ) (j; 586 g @ ( > j; 5?6 ! " " ) ) ' # $ " % Q # " % " g &j - [ ! " ) " % - ) " ) ) " 5 6 g> j 9 (; 5 6 gw " > %j ) & < ; 576 \ % ) & < ; 586 > & <"( % ) ; 5?6 ) @& & "( " ) ! " ' ! % g %j " * ! ) ) ! * % Q#$ " " % Q#$[) " & ) " ! "% ! JJ " * ' ! ' ! " * % " X > & - % % " ' " ! " " ! " ) & Conclusion = * " " + " " ! & W % " + " < % " / *" " Q#$ " " \ # % ' " & = ' " ) & _ * % - " ) . " ! / " " 3 " % % & W % - " ) " * ! % " * ) % Q#$ " " % Q#$[) " & - * % - ' * " " ' " - ' ! ! " " ! & CHAPTER 3 THEORETICAL PERSPECTIVES AND POSITIONS The purpose of this Chapter is to reveal the theoretical perspectives and positions I am ! "" & - % - ' ( ! " 5 -6 ! 3 "% ! % & - " % - ' " ) key principles of rhetorical theory that inform my study based on the work of Kenneth 9 ( 3 " % " ) 4 " % " & - " " % - " ! " " % g " j ( " ! " " % ! " ) " ! " " & - " % - g &j - " % - ' " " " ! " ; * % - ' ' " [) ' ' / " " ! " " ; % . Q " / 5 86 ) " " % - ' " [) " " " ) " " ' ' ! 3 " " 4 ; " ) 4 " ; " 4 " ; + " 4 " & = % ! " " " " - " % - ' . ! " 3 " $ " - = & ` z # "( 5 6% - * ! " 5 -6 " " ' " 3 " % JX " % ) % " 5 6% ' " " ' Q " / ! " " ) " " & W % " % - ! % ! " ' " & - % - ' ! " ' " " " 3 " ) ' ) ; " " " ) 4 " ; ) " ' ) " ! " ! " "% % [ ; " ) ' ) " " " " 4 ' " & Key Term #1: Rhetoric " [ % ) ' $ " \ " & - " \ " % " ' " ) " % " " % " " & - ' ' ' " < ) " ) " ( " " & # < % ' " " " ' ) th century, when it ' " " 5 q "(% M6& q ' % " " q 5 M 6% w 5 J 6% ) " [= " 5 J 6% " 9 ( 5 ? 6 ! " " " " &4 9 ( ' + " th " & q "( 5 M6 % g " 9 ( / ' ( % + " ) ) j 5 & 86& # ' " " % * " J " . 5 " ( " % ) * " &6% ) ' " % 3 g " ' % " % % - ' ) %/ " % "/ " ' " ) j 5 ? % & * 6& q "% " g %j ) % ( " 5 " % " % % " % 6% ) ! & 9 ( ) ' / " g j * g ) " " " ) ) ) j 5 & 876& ` " % - ' ( " " " " " ! 3 " % " ) 4 " % " & Rhetorical Appeals In A Rhetoric of Motives 5 ? 6% enneth Burke outlines his rhetorical theory, ' " * " " & q ( " " ' ( % " ' 9 % > *% > " & - " % " g j ' " " ! " & @ 9 ( * "% & q 3 g= % ( " " %/ ) &/ q " % & & & % " % " ) " & % ' '% ) "" & ) ( ( ) j 5 & * 6& / Rhetoric 5 & 7? [7 B.C.6 " ) ) q "( 5 M6 g " j 5 & 6& " M g j 5 86% ( " ' " & $ / ( " 5 6 " % " % % ; 5 6 "% " [ " "% [ " " "% [ ) "; 576 ( " 5 * 6 " 5 6 " ; 586 topoi, topics, or points of " ; 5?6 stasis, ; 5J6 " " " 5 % ?6& For the purposes of this dissertat % " " & = " 3 % % & < % ) % g" " " j 5q % M 6 ) " " & W * % " ) % ) " " " " & w & Aristotle states that this appeal has the ability more than any other to persuade people " & < " " 5 % 8; q " % M6& <* " ) " [ " " & Q "& = % & - " ) " " " % ) " ) ) " " 5 ( ' " 6& <* " ) " ' " " & Rhetorical appeals are especially important to this dissertation because of " " ' % ) @ ) & ' ) " " % = ( 5 XM6 " ( " ' 3 ' [ 5 " + ) " " 6; ' 5 M " ; " " 6; ' " " 5 " " ' " " ) 6% " " " & - % 9 ( 5 ? 6 % g " " " ) ) j 5 & M 6& - ) ( " % ( ' " 5 6% ) ) 5 6% ( ' ' " " " 5 6& ) 4- " 9 ( 5 ? 6 * " " ' ( ) " + " " " ' g ) " " ) " " j 5 & * 6& = ) ) % 9 ( " ! ' * " g j g ) " " " ) ) ) j 5 & 876& . " 9 ( / " ) " " ) % % ' & ) ' g" ) ' j 5 ? % & 6& 9 ( * 3 g " ' " % 9& 9 . % ' 9& ' 9 ' . % % ) j 5 & 6 @ ' % g ) j ' & = ' . " g " " ) j 5 & 6& W % " ) ) " ' & = " ) g ) " j % 9 ( g " M j ' " g" % " " % % % ( " ) j " 5 & 6& - " % 5 X86 * % " ) % % ' ( . 3 g- " ( " ' -/ ' &/ % q& * % " ) -/ ' ' " " & & & & - " ) " ) " " 9 ( ) /j 5 & 6& ) % % " ) % ' " " " & Second, consubstantiality is a paradox, because people are and are not one in ) " & 9 ( % g ' 9 ( " ) ' 9j 5 & 6& = " ( 9 ) " % ) " ) " 3 g ' ) " " % " / " j 5 & 6& w " . " & - . " % % "&% " ) & q ' % g j " " 5 & 6& Third, the paradox of consubstantiality is the natural condition that makes rhetoric ) " ) & 9 ( ' " % g ' ) j 5 & ?6& - % * % ' " 5 ( " [ 6% ' ) & 9 " * " " ' & g " ) % " ( ' " . ' ) & & & " " " "j 5 & ?6& - " % 9 ( 5 J 6 " ' " " 5 9 * = % MX; 9 ( % ? 6& M7 W % "