Walsh & Hoyt: Insufficiency of Eyelid Closure

As with eyelid opening, insufficient eyelid closure can be neuropathic, neuromuscular, or myopathic in origin. Arriving at the correct diagnosis thus requires a careful history and complete examination, sometimes followed by appropriate ancillary studies. Insufficiency of eyelid closure caused by neuropathic disease. Insufficiency of eyelid closure caused by supranuclear disorders. Insufficiency of eyelid closure caused by brainstem disorders. Insufficiency of eyelid closure from peripheral facial nerve palsy. Abnormal eyelid closure associated with aberrant regeneration of the facial nerve. Insufficiency of eyelid closure caused by neuromuscular disease. Insufficiency of eyelid closure caused by myopathic disease.