Walsh & Hoyt: Scleroderma (Systemic Sclerosis)

Scleroderma (from the Greek words, skleros, meaning ""hard,"" and derma, meaning ""skin"") is a generalized disorder of connective tissue. This condition, also called ""systemic sclerosis,"" is characterized by fibrous and degenerative changes in the skin and viscera. Vascular insufficiency and vasospasm occur in addition to the thickening and fibrous replacement of the skin. The hallmarks of scleroderma are skin changes, consisting of thickening, tightening, and induration, with subsequent loss of mobility and eventual contracture. Telangiectasis and calcinosis are common. The disease usually begins peripherally, initially affecting the fingers and hands. It gradually spreads centripetally up the arms to affect the face and trunk.