Neuro-Ophthalmologic Manifestations of Cervical Trauma

Neck injury is a very common consequence of both blunt and penetrating trauma. Cervical trauma may injure several structures that result in neuro-ophthalmologic sequelae. These include the internal carotid artery (ICA), the vertebral artery (VA), and the oculosympathetic pathways. The mechanisms of injury are diverse. This contribution will review recent literature on the neuro-ophthalmologic consequences of such injuries, and focus on the use of current neuro-imaging in diagnosis and follow-up of these patients.