The Rise of Old Diseases: Syphilis and More

Syphilis is on the rise in the United States. Neuro-ophthalmic diseases related to syphilis such as syphilitic optic neuritis will also increase in incidence. Awareness of syphilis as a possible cause of neuro-ophthalmic conditions will expedite timely diagnosis. Neuroretinitis can be due to a myriad of infectious causes. Understanding the specific cause can guide antibiotic management. There still remains controversy with regards to the use of coritcosteroids for the treatment of multiple cranial nerve involvement associated with herpes zoster ophthalmicus.