107656

NOMINATION FORM OM S No. 10024-00 18 NPS Form 10-900 (Oct 1990) UtAh WordPerfectS.l Format (Revised Feb. 1993) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Registration Form This form is for use In nominating or requesting determinations of elig ibility for Individual properti es or d istricts. See instructions in How 10 Complele Ihe Nallonal Register of Historic Places Form (National Register Bulletin 16A) . Complete each item by marking 'x' In the appropriate box or by entering the Information requested. If an item does not apply to tt,,, property being documented , ent er oN/A" for "not applicable" For functions1 architectural classification, mate rials, and areas of significance, enter only categories and subcategories from the Instructions. Pface additional entries and narrative items on co ntinuation sheets (NPS Form 10-900a). Use a typewrit er, word processor, or computer to complete all items. H , Name<6f . PrOperty >"" '" · ·,·,.·.·,·.•·" i _••.· . •• /.'>' •.,....,. .. historic name Lehi Roller Mi lls other names/s ite number _____________________________________ street &number 700 East Main Street city or town ......;L::..:e::.:..h'-'i__________________________ state Utah code UT county Utah code 049 not for publication vicinity zip code _8~4~0~4~3___ ~ ~ As the designated authority under the National Historic Preservation Act, as amended, I hereby certify that tilis _X_nomination _request for determination of eligibility meets the documentation standards for registering properties in the National Register of Hi storic Places and meets the procedural and professional requirements set forth in 36 eFR Part 60. In my opinion, the property ~meets _does not meet the National Register criteria. I recommend that this property be considered significant nationally statewide X locally. ( See continuation sheet for --additional conments.) - Utah Division of State History, Offi ce of Histori c Preservation State or Federal agency and bureau In my opinion, the property meets does not meet the National Register criteria. continuation sheet for additional comments.) Signature of certifying official/Title (___ See Date State or Federal agency and bureau .-.-.- ....... . ... :;.: ... . ,-: :::<.:.::-.::<::::::-:- I hereby certify that this property is: _ entered in the National Register. See continuation sheet. determined eligible for the National Register. --See continuation sheet. ___ determined not eligible for the National Register. ren~ved from the National Register. other, (explain:) ____________ Signature of the Keeper Date of Action , Lehi, Utah County, Utah City, County, and State Lehi Roller Mills Name of Property 5i .·• • • Cl.a ssificat·i.oll.·.<· Ownership of Property (Check as many boxes as apply) Category of Property (Check only one box) l _X_ private public-local _ pub I i c -Sta te _ public-Federal _ bui lding(s) district site structure object Name of related multiple property listing (Enter 'N/A' ~ property is not part of a multiple property listing.) (Do not include previously listed resources in the count.) Contributing Noncontributing -=-____ bu i ld i ngs _ _2......_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _________________ _________________ _________________ ____~__________________~_______ sites structures objects Total Number of contributing resources previously listed in the National Register N/A N/A Historic Functions (Enter categories from instructions) AGRICULTURE/SUBSISTENCE: processing Architectural Classification (Enter categories from instructions) Other: Number of Resources within Property vernacular (classical) Current Functions (Enter categories from instructions) AGRICULTURE/SUBSISTENCE: processing Materials (Enter categories from instructions) foundat ion --,s~t:::o~n~e______________ walls brick, metal, wood roof metal other additions of wood, metal, concrete Narrative Description (Describe the historic and current condition of the property on one or more continuation sheets,) l See continuation sheet(s) for Section No.7 Lehi, Utah County, Utah City, County, and State Lehi Roller Mills Name of Property 8.Statemeht ·o f Significance · Applicable National Register Criteria (Mark "x" on one or more lines for the criteria qualifying the property for National Register listing.) x A Property is assoc iated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of our history. B Property is associated with the lives of persons significant in our past. x C Property embodies the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, or method of construction, or represents the work of a master, or possesses high artistic values, or represents a significant and distinguishable entity whose components lack individual distinction. o Property has yielded, or is likely to yield, . information important in prehistory or history. Criteria Considerations (Mark "x· on all that apply.) (Explain the significance of the property on one or Agr i cu lture Architecture Period of Significance 1905-1943 Significant Oates 1905 Significant Person (Complete if Criterion B is marked above) N/A Cultural Affiliation N/A Property is: A owned by a religious institut ion or used for religious purposes. B removed from its original loca tion . C a birthplace or grave. I) a cemetery. [ a reconstructed building, object, or structure. F a conmemorative property. G less than 50 years of age or achieved significance within the past 50 years. Narrative Statement of Significance Areas of Significance (Enter categories from instructions) Architect/Builder Wolf Company (milling machinery) n~re continuation sheets.) -L See continuation sheet(s) for Section No.8 9 ..·•· Majoh).l3ibl iographical .•References ··· Bibliography (Cite the books, articles, and other sources used in preparing this form on one or more continuation sheets.) Previous documentation on file (NPS): _ preliminary determination of individual listing (36 CFR 67) has been requested _ previously listed in the National Register _ previously determined eligible by the National Register designated a National Historic Landmark === recorded by Historic American Buildings Survey # re-co~r-'d~ed~b-y'H~i~s~to-r~i-c - American Engineering Primary location of additional data: State Historic Preservation Office === Other State agency Federal agency Local government University - Other === Nan~ of repository: Record # - - - - - - X See continuation sheet(s) for Section No. 9 Leili, Utah County, Utah Cit.y, County, and State Lehi Roller Mills Name of Property Acreage of propert.y 2.87 acres UTM References (Place additional UTM references on a continuation sheet.) A 1/2 Zone C~ 4/2/9/0/7/0 Easting 4/4/7 /1/0/7 /0 Northing / / / / / / ( ( / / ( / / / / / Easting / / / / / / Northing ( / / / / / / / / / / Verbal Boundary Oescription (Describe the boundaries of the property.) Com. 7.97 chs. E &14.45 chs. S. of NW cor. of NE 1/4 of Sec. 16, T 5 S, R 1 E, SLM; E 6.72 chs; S-lY 7.40 chs., N 4.06 chs., to beginning. ~.21 chs.; W Property Tax No. See continuation sheet(s) for Section No. ]0 The boundaries are those that have been associated with the property since its origin. See continuation sheet(s) for Section No. ]0 11.··Xform.iPrepared••·By / <··· · · ·. name/title Allen D. Roberts, architect; Mart.ha S. Bradley, historian organization History Projects, Inc. street &number ?02 West 300 North city or town Salt Lake City date March ]994 telephone ~_U_ )_~'i.:"'i5.!.L~ __.__.__. _. state ~ zip code B ~]03·· Add·i£ional .·.· Documen-tatihh Submit the following items with the completed form: • Continuation Sheets • Maps: A USGS map (7.5 or 15 minute series) indicating the property's location. A Sketch map for historic districts and/or properties having large acreage or numerous resources. • Photographs: Representative black and white photographs of the property. • Additional items (Check with the SHPO or FIlO for any additional items.) name Lehi Roller Mills street & number 700 East Main Street city or town _--"L:.::e;:.:.h..:..i_______________________ telephone [phone] state ~ zip code 84043 Papefwor1! Reduction Ad SIBIement This information is being collected for applications to the National Register of Historic Places to nominate properties for listing or determine ellglbil~y for listing, to list properties, and to amend existing listings. Response to this request is required to obtain a benefit in accordance with the National Historic Preservation Act, as amended (16 U.S.C. 470 al seq.). Estimated Burden Statement: Public reporting burden for this form is estimated to average t 8.1 hours per response Including time for reviewing instructions, galhering ""d maintaining data, and completing and reviewing the form. Direct comments regarding Ihis burden estimate or any aspeel of this form to the Chief. Administrative Selvic"s DiviSion. National Park Service. P.O. Box 37127. Washington. DC 20013-7127; and the Office of Management and Budget. PapelWOrk Reduelions Projects (1024·0018). Washington, DC 2050:1. NPS Form 10-900-a U1ah Wo rdPerfec15.l Formal (Hcvl, ed Feb_ 1!l93) OMO No. l0024-00Hl United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section No. __7__ Page __1__ Lehi Roller Mills, Lehi, Ut ah Coun t y. UT Narrative Description The Lehi Roller Mills is a complex of several structures including the primary mill, a tall brick and frame building on the north side of the east end of Main Street. Supporting grain elevators, mechanical structures, warehouses and offices extend to the north. Typical of this building type, the Lehi Roller Mills has an org ani c heterogeneous architectural appearance, the result of many additions and ch anges needed to keep the operation modernized and growing. The expansion of the milling facilities from 1905 to the present is apparent from old photographs and Lehi I S Sanborn insurance maps which show the regular updating and expanding of the structures, reflecting the corresponding refinement of milling procedures. Each major improvement, beginning with the 1905-06 brick mill, remains in place to document the character-defining evolutionary process of mill construction. Still the centerpiece of the Lehi Roller Mills is the original three-story brick structure with heavy timber, post-and-beam interior framing and a gabled roof. The original two-over-two windows, corbeled cornices and circular gable windows remain, as do the shed roof canopies over the south and east loading docks; the frame, gabled roof monitor, and the north, 14,OOO-bushel frame crib extension, are all additions made shortly after initial construction. The four 38-foot tall grain elevators, built of six-inch concrete walls in 1914, are intact and painted brightly with historic advertisements of the millis mos t popular products, Turk ey Red and Peacock flour. Together, these concrete capped, cyl i nder shaped structu re s have a storage capacity of 45,000 bushels. As described in the history herein, other lesser frame, concrete and metal structures have been either attached to the original mill or built free-standing, among them the one-story, brick, gabled r eceiving building east of the main building along the D&RGW railroad spur. The last major addition was the three-story frame and gambrel-roofed warehouse built to the west in 1990. Although recent, this later structure i s architecturally compatible in type, form, materials and color to other Utah mill s generally and the Lehi Roller Mills in particular. Although the millis machinery has undergone numerous modernizations, the interior architecture of the 1905-06 building, along with some of the original separators , dusters, cleaners and gyrators, remain intact. Their origins are apparent from the old style lettering across the fronts announcing the type, brand, manufactu r er and location of each machine. The mill is electrically powered as it has always been, and continues to employ its original roller mill technology for converting whea t to fine flour. The 36-foot tall main mill contains five levels of operations within its three-story shell due to maximizing the basement and gabled attic for machinery spaces. The mill has undergone visual changes but these are not intrusive given that many were made early-on and were essential to maintaining the complex's original and still current use. Each of the improvements and additions have both maintained and enhanced the millis physical character and function. See continuat ion sheet NPg Form lO-900-a Utah WordPerfect 5. t Format OM[l No. ~levi,ed 1002~ · OOHl Feb. 1003) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section No. ~ Page __2__ Lehi Roller Mills, Lehi, Utah County, UT Narrative Statement of Significance The Lehi Roller Mills is locally significant as Lehi1s first and only modern roller process commercial flour mill. Built at the behest of the Lehi Commercial Club, a group of local boosters, and financed by the Lehi Mill and Elevator Company, the mill was the first of its type in the city and satisfied a need for grain processing in a growing community without a flour mill. Continuing today in its original use, the mill is also significant architecturally as one of the earliest and most intact food processing plants of its type in Utah. Utilizing new technology such as electric rather than water power, and steel rollers rather than mill stones for grinding, the Lehi Roller Mills continues to use the same process and some of the same equipment it began with originally when it opened in 1906. Expanded over the years as operations grew and modernized, the mill also shows the organic v-isual expression typical in the architecture of this building type. LEHI'S HISTORY: In March 1849 the first group of settlers camped along the Provo River, a few miles east of the present site of Provo, Utah. It was another year before settlers headed for the site of Lehi, a place early passed over because of the limited availability of water, a problem that would plague the community for the first several years. Nevertheless, within the year wheat, corn, potatoes, squash and other vegetables were planted and plans were made to divert water out of American Fork Canyon for an irrigation system. Regardless of early opinions to the contrary, Lehi's advantageous location on the road toward Provo and the east of the Tintic mining district made it a perfect spot for settlement. The settlers lived in makeshift was deemed judicious to build a local Native Americans. By the South and second West to form a cabins scattered along "Dry Creek." Eventually, it fort to secure the group against conflicts with fall of 1853, sixty cabins had been moved to First seventy-five-rod square fort. During the early 1850s, Lehi1s residents, like most of for survival and made do with what they had until they production of goods. Transportation costs made states therefore, the people had to depend on what they could Utah1s pioneers, struggled could plant crops and set up goods particularly expensive, produce locally. Most townspeople lived in the fort or area immediately surrounding it until the late 1860s. Eventually, however, they moved out of the fort and constructed new homes, first of adobe because they were easily built without specialized skills and tools and, after the 1870s, of kiln-baked brick, stone, and logs. Soon, like many other rural Mormon towns, Lehi had wide dusty streets lined by ditches on both sides. These ditches functioned as irrigation canals and as well as the source of culinary water. l See continuation sheet · ' Nf'S FOlm 10-900-8 UI" h Word f'crfocl 5. 1 Formlll (l'Ievised Feb. H1H3) United States Dcpartncnt of the Interior 'taUonal Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section No. ~ Page __3__ Lehi Roll er Mill s , Lehi. IItah Coun ty . liT Lehi's transformation from a temporary site on the road south to a more per manent and diversifi ed town occurred gradually through the last few decades of the nineteenth century. Soon a variety of services were available to area resident s . The community's first mill was constructed of adobe on the banks of the Jordan Ri ve r south of the present site of the Lehi Roller Mills during the late 1850s. Within the decade saloons, boarding houses, and a variety of mercantile institutions lin ed Lehi's streets. Coming of the Railroad, 1873-1881: The watershed event that changed Lehi ' s history was the coming of the railro ad in 1873. The railroad altered the city and ushered in a new period of development. Most important, it established Lehi as an important trade and transportati on hub in Utah valley. Lehi received an extra boon to growth when the Denver and Rio Gran de Railway laid a line across the southern and western part of town in 1881. That same year, the Salt Lake and Western Railroad built a line through Lehi. Branching westward from the Utah Southern tracks, this line was used to transport f re ight f rom the Tintic Mining District. The place these two lines crossed was called Lehi Junction and eventually included numerous brick yards, a general storer assay offices, an artificial stone factory, a school, a Mormon meetinghouse, and dozens of residents. Lehi developed two town ce nter s--one located along Main Street between Fir st East and Fifth West streets and the second along State Street--at the location s of the intersections of two major railroads. Besides the railroad depots themselves, the structures built at these junctions centered around the railroad: mercantile establishments, hotels, and houses provided services and a resting stop for travelers passing through and residents alike. Economic Diversification: The 1890 Sanborn Map illu strates a substantial commercial area on the blo ck betwee n First and Second West along Main Street. In addition to a People' s Co-oPr these buildings included: Trane and Evans Mercantile, the Lehi Hotel, Lehi City Hall, Lehi Drug Store, Garff Mercantile, the Lehi Opera House, Harwood and sons Harness Shop, the Lehi Post Office, Dorton Brother's Grocery, an agricultural implement store, a boot maker, a tin shop, a saloon, a barbershop, and the New West Academy (a private Congregationalist school). Clearly, by the end of the nineteenth century Lehi had become a community offering a growing variety of services, cultural amenities and businesses to satisfy local tastes. With diversification came designers, contractors, and craftsmen, improvements in building technology and a growing number of styles. Lehi's Utah Sugar Company was the town's first factory and premiere business after 1889. X See continuation shee t OMB No. NPS F()fm 10-900-a lXnh WordPcrfecl5.1 Formnl (ncvised Feb. 19<J3) 100~4 · 001H IInited States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section No. ~ Page-±- Leh i Roller Mill s , Lehi, II tah Cou nty, liT LEHI ROLLER MILLS HISTORY: Obtaining flour was difficult for those early settlers living outside of the Salt Lake valley. It was necessary for farmers to either travel to Salt Lake mill s with their wheat, return with flour, or have it ground in varying ways from hor se -powered mills to crude, make-shift mills with limited equipment. Regardless, the process was costly, inconvenient and inefficient. The first mills built to remedy this deficiency were frequently erected quickly and were, therefore, roughly crafted. Few of these earliest mills remain. Utah County's first mill was built in Springville in 1851. This mill had two sets of burrs and a mill wheel. Ry 1885 r the mill had been remodeled and the mill stones were replaced with the more up to date roller technology. Known as the "New Process" when it was first int roduced into Utah in the 1860, this new method of flour milling used metal rollers to grind wheat. Instead of working the wheat berry into a powder in one or two grindings, the wheat was broken up gradually by passing it in between rollers several times. The surfaces of the steel rollers were incised with parallel, equally spaced grooves with sharp edge s for cutting the grain. Each set of rollers had a different pattern of grooves. With usually two pair of rollers to a cabinet, each pair achieved a finer grade of grinding as the wheat, passing from one set to the next, was gradually reduced to flour. Using currents of air and siftings between grindings, the flour was separated from the bran and middlings. The flour produced was called "Patent " flour, a name still applied to the highest grade of refined flour. l Roller milling dominated the flour industry after 1880 and impacted the design of both old and new buildings. Some existing mills were abandoned altogether, but others were adapted to fit the requirements of the new technology. These changes came at the same time that another significant advancement in milling technology became popular--the Leffel turbines. The Lehi Roller Mill was not the on the southwest end of the Mill demolished and the site used for years, local farmers transported town's first mill. The Mulliner grist min located Pond was built in 1856. In 1890, the building was the Lehi Sugar Factory. For the next fifteen their grain to American Fork for processing. Lehi's boosters--the Lehi Commercial Club--promoted the idea of building a new mill in town in 1905. Stockholders in the . new venture, organized as the Lehi Mill and Elevator Company, included the People's Co-op, Lehi Mercantile, Racker Merc antile, Thomas R. Cutler, G.N. Child, John Y. Smith, James H. Gardner, Henry Lewis, John 1Roberts, Allen. "The History of Flour Milling in Utah", Daughters of the Utah Pioneers, 1982, p. 24. X See continuation sheet NPS Form 10-900-8 lJ1ah WordPerfect 5.1 Formnt In evised Feb. 1993) OM!] No . j(lO?~·00 1 (\ United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section No. ~ Page __5__ Lehi Roll er Mill s , Leh i, Uta h County , UI Roberts, Davis Smith, Thomas Webb, Thaddeus Powell, George Webb, and Mathias Knudsen. The site chosen by the group for the mill was on East Union Pacific Railroad that ran by the sugar factory. Chambersburg, Penn. contracted for the mill machinery double rollers, one washer, two purifiers, two reels, one gyrator, one separator, and one bran duster. Main Street on the spur of the The Wolf Company of which included four sets of one cleaner, one dust roller, The three story original building had machinery powered by a fifty-horsepower motaI'. After its opening in April 1906, the mill met with such immediate success that one month later the company built its first addition. That summer the company erected a 10,000 bushel capacity grain elevator, a similar-looking three-story structute to the north with matching roof, six-over-six windows and monitor. By 1907, the company's name had changed to the Lehi Roller Mills, a business storing and processing virtually all the grain grown in the area. In August 1909, Giles and Giles leased the business and hired William Leffler as miller. George G. Robinson soon assumed the lease and assumed management of the business. Robinson had been in the milling business since he was apprenticed to a miller at the age of 16. In 1910, he purchased the mill from the co-op and three years later began an extensive modernization effort through which the mill was enlarged from a milling capacity of 75 to 110 barrels per day. In 1915, Robinson hited the Birrell Engineer Company to construct a 43,000 bushel grain elevator and four concrete silos, 10 feet in diameter, resting on concrete bases 41' 8" square and 6' deep. The bright Turkey Red and Peacock Brand logos painted on the east sides of the silos have been local landmarks for decades. When Robinson died in 1936, his sons Sherman and Raymond Robinson assumed management of the mill. George's grandson, R. Sherman Robinson became manager in 1980. Undet hi s direction, the Lehi Roller Mills again underwent modernization in 1985 . As a result production capacity was increased to 60,000 a day. A new warehouse built in 1990 increased storage capacity to 100,000 bushels. In its earlier, more industrial years, several flour and knitting mills operated throughout northern Utah County, ranging in location from the mouth of Ametican Fotk Canyon on the east to sites along the Provo River on the west. All of these mills have been destroyed with the exception of the intact Star Flour Mill, a late-1880 s roller mill in neighboring American Fork, and the Lehi Roller Mills, the subject of this nomination. Buildings along Lehi's Main Street Commercial district reflect the period of growth and prosperity between 1880 and 1920. The architectural styles of the brick buildings erected along this street during this three decade era include Victorian and Neoclassical Revival styles, as well as non-styled vernacular designs. X See continuation sh eet Nf-'S Form 10-900-a Ulah WordPcrfec15.1 Formal (Revi.ed Feb. 1993) OMB No. l0024·(J0 111 Un ite<! States Uepartment of the Interior Nat'ional Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section No. ~ Page __6__ Lehi Roller Mills, Lehi, UtBh County, UT Reacting to a slight decline in population at the turn of the century, Lehi's Commercial Club attempted to encourage new industries and social diversion including: the Lehi Mill and Elevator Company (1906); Mount Pickle Factory (1906); the Central Experimental Farm (1906); and the Lehi Waterworks (1907-09). See continuation "heet NT'S Form lO·BOO·a Ulah WordF'crlecI 5. 1 !-orrn ul (Hc'V;sed Feb. HlfJ3) OM8 No . 10024·001ll United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section No. __9__ Page __7__ Lehi Roll er Mil ls, Lehi, Utah Cou nty , UT Bibliography Lehi Sanborn Maps Lehi Free Press. 4 September 1911; 24 June 1992; 1 July 1992; 2 September 1992. "Lehi Roller Mills." Lehi, Utah: 1992. "Lehi Main Street Hi stori c Commercial Business District Preservation Masterplan." Leh i, Utah: 1991. Van Wagoner, Richard. Lehi: Portraits of a Utah Town. Lehi, Utah: Lehi City Corporation, 1990. Roberts, Allen. "History of Flour Milling in Pioneer Utah." Daughters of the Uta h Pioneers. 1982 . . Roberts, Allen. "Research Report on the Isaac Chase Flour Mill in Liberty Park, Salt Lake City, Utah." Daughters of the Utah Pioneers, 1980. See continuation shee t NPS Form 1().9()().a lJIah WordPerfect 5.1 Format (Revised Feb. 1993) OMS No. 10024-0018 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section No. PHOTOS Page ~ Lehi Roller Mill s, Lehi, Utah County, UT Common Label Information: 1. Lehi Roller Mills 2. Leh i Utah County Utah 3. Photographer: A11 en Roberts 4. Date: March 1993 5. Negative on file at Utah SHPO. I I Photo 1: 6. East elevation of building. Camera facing west. Photo 2: 6. Southeast elevation of building. Camera facing northwest. Photo 3: 6. Southwest elevation of building. Camera facing northeast. Photo 4: 6. Historic photo. Southeast elevation of building. Camera facing northeast. See continuation sheet , ~ ... • };t!I"~ ....,.. ··1 -In •• - -- I ~ . - - --- . ... - .- . ,.~ _I · A :1 I • •k~ ~~~= #-,-- - ".. . ' . - --- \'-~\A\ ~\.-~ M\\.---VC:> v~\--\\) U\~~ COU~'<1 UlAr-\ ?t-\ oro ::A 2. . . : r::' ","., , . ' ; . ,..... ~ .. ~. ., . ~a\\\ ~Ol.,\....P~ M \~S \-~\-\ \) UfA\-t Cc>U;~J U\~ t-\ fHo-ro ~ '? .. ~. "" \ ~ ''"" 4475 i;: UJ <. Z UJ -, u ::;: u O ) s- ).. !:>a >-z 1--"< GU) UJ '<: 25' q -J I- 4474 ;;: U) T. 5 5 4472 ::;:::;: - co ' .. u) l--~\-+I ~~~M \\Ah~~ 1 00 \S-M-r \'AA\ N \,.~ t\ \ n U I'I\t1 .Cru \'J-ry 2/41A070 /44-1 \ 0-; 0 40°22'30" 111 °52'30" 426 1 900 000 FEET Mapped, edited, and published by the Geological Survey Control by USGS, NOS/NOAA, USSR and State of Utah Topography from aerial photographs by multiplex methods and by plane-table surveys 1922, 1927, and 1951 Polyconic projection. 1927 North American datum 1O,000-foot grid based on Utah coordinate system, central zone * , OMB No. 10024-0016 NPS corm 1()'9oo (Oc1. 1990) Ulah WordPerfect 5.1 Format (Revised Feb. 1993) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Registration Form This form Is for use In nominating or requesting delermlnatlons ot eligibility for Individual properties or districts. See instructions in How 10 Complele the National Register of Historic Places Form (National Register Bulletin 16A). Complete each item by marking 'x' In the appropriate box or by entering the Information requested. If an item does not apply to the property being documented, enter ·N/A· for -not applicable" For functions. architectural classification, materials, and areas of significance, enter only categories and subcalegolie~ from the Instructions. Place additional entries and narrative lIems on conllnuation sheets (NPS Form 10-90Da). Use a fypewriter, word processor, or computer to complete all items. L··Name (Ofproperty :;:·· historic name Lehi Roller Mi 11s other names/s ite number _____________________________________ street & number 700 East Main Street ci ty or town -..:L::..:e::.:..h'-'i__________________________ state Utah code ---1!L county Utah code 049 ~ not for publication ~ vicinity zip code ----'8;..;4..:.0-'-43"--_ _ As the designated authority under the National Historic Preservation Act, as amended, I hereby certify that this _X_nomination _request for determination of eligibility meets the documentation standards for registering properties in the National Register of Historic Places and n~ets the procedural and professional requirements set forth in 36 CFR Part 60. In my opinion, the property ~meets _does not meet the National Register criteria. I recommend that this property be considered significant nationally statewide X locally. ( See continuation sheet for additional comments.) - Utah Division of State History, Office of Histori c Preservation State or Federal agency and bureau In my opinion, the property meets does not meet the National Register criteria. continuation sheet for additional comments.) Signature of certifying official/Title (_ See Date State or Federal agency and bureau 4.i .:• •·Na.tlonal.·iParkServ iCe Certl.fiCilfion • <• • •: :•. J hereby certify that this property is: _ entered in the National Register. See continuation sheet. determined eligible for the National Register. See cont i nuat ion sheet. determined not eligible for the National Register. removed from the National Register. other, (explain:) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ 0:.:..:•. / : .. ..... o. Signature of the Keeper Date of Action Lehi, Utah County, Utah Cit.y, County, and State Lehi Roller Mi 11s Name of Property Ownership of Property (Check as many boxes as apply) Category of Property (Check only one box) ..L building(s) _X_ private public-local _ pub I i c - Sta te pub 1ic-Federa 1 _ district site structure object Name of related multiple property listing (Enter 'N/A' if property is not part of a multiple property listing.) (Do not include previously listed resources in 1he count.) Contributing Noncontributing __~_________-=-____ _________________ _________________ _________________ ___~________________~~_______ bu i ld i ngs sites structures objects Total Number of contributing resources previously listed in the Nat.ional Register N/A N/A Historic Functions (Ent.er categories from instructions) AGRICULTURE/SUBSISTENCE: processing Architectural Classification (Enter categories from instructions) Other: Number of Resources within Propert.y vernacular (classical) Current Functions (Enter categories from instructions) AGRICULTURE/SUBSISTENCE: processing Materials (Enter categories from instructions) foundat ion ---,s~t~o:!:n::::.e______________ walls brick, metal, wood roof metal other additions of wood, metal, concrete Narrative Description (Describe the hist.oric and current condition of the property on one or more continuation sheets,) _X_ See continuation sheet(s) for Section No.7 Lehi, Utah County, Utah City, County, and State Lchi Roller Mills Name of Property . Applicable National Register Criteria (Mark "x" on one or more l ines for the criter ia qualifying the property for Nat ional Register listing.) x A Property is assoc iated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of our history. Ii Property is associated with the lives of persons significant in our past. x C Property embodies the distinctive characteri st ics of a type, per iod, or method of construction, or represents the work of a master, or possesses high art istic values, or represents a significant and distinguishable entity whose components lack individual distinction. o Property has yie lded, or is likely to yie ld, information important in preh istory or history . Criteria Considerations (Mark "x" on all that apply.) Property is: A owned by a religious institution or used for religious purposes. B removed from its original locat ion. C a birthplace or grave. I) a cemetery. [ a reconstructed building, object, or structure. F a cOlTJl1emorative property. G less than 50 years of age or achieved significance within the past 50 years. :" .. .. . Areas of Significance (Enter categories from instructions) Agri cu lture Architecture Period of Significance 1905-1943 Significant Dates 1905 Significant Person (Complete if Criterion B is marked above) N/A Cultural Affiliation N/A Architect/Builder Wolf Company (milling machinery ) Narrative Statement of Significance (Explain the significance of the property on one or more continuation sheets.) ...L. See continuation sheet(s ) for Section No.8 :.'::: 9.Ma jorBibliogra.ph iCillRefe renc es· Bibliography (Cite the books, articles, and other sources used in prepari ng this form on one or more continuation sheets .) Previous documentation on file (NPS): _ preliminary determination of individual listing (36 CFR 67) has been requested _ previously listed in the Na t ional Reg ister ___ previously determined eligible by the National Register des ignated a Nationa l Historic Landmark recorded by Historic Ameri can Buildings Survey === # re-co~r-d~e-'d'b~y-"H~is~t-or-lr-·c --- Record # American Engineering Primary location of additional data: State Historic Preservation Office --- Other State agency - Federa I agency - Loca 1 government - University - Other Name of repository: ------_X_ See continuation sheet(s) for Section No.9 Lehi, Utah County, Utah City, County, and State !.ehi Ro ll er Mills Nan£ of Property Acreage of property 2.87 acres UTM References (Place addit ional UTM references on a continuation sheet.) A 1/ 2 Zone 4/2 / 9/0/7/0 Easting 4/4/7 /1/0/7 /0 Northing C-L. / / / / / / / / / / / Verbal Describe / / / / / Easting / / / / / / Northing / / / / / / / / / I I the property.) Com. 7.97 chs. E &14.45 chs. S. of NW cor. of NE 1/4 of Sec . 16 , T 5 S, R 1 E, SLM; E 6.72 chs; S-lY 7.40 chs., N 4.06 chs. , to beginning. ~.21 chs .; W Property Tax No. See cont inuation sheet(s) for Section No . ]0 Boundary Justification (Explain why the boundaries were selected.) The boundaries are those that have been associated with the property since its origin. See continuation sheet(s) for Sect ion No. ]0 U.Form:Phepa.redBy ··· ··· name/title All en n. Roberts, architect; Martha S. Bradley, historian organization __1~1~is~t~.0~rLy~P~r~0~,j~e~c~ts~,~I~n~c~.___________________________________ date March ]994 street & number ---'2::..:0:.::2--'-"We::..:s~t'----"'3""-00"-"N"'o.:....rt.:::h'--_____________ ______ telephone ~_U_ )_5-,'b'ic~!.~ ___.__.__ . _.. state _U_T_ zip code n~Jo:;·· city or town Salt Lake City Addi'fioflalDocumell"t:a.ti6ri Submit the following items with the completed form: • Continuation Sheets • Maps: A USGS map (7.5 or 15 minute series) ind icat ing the property's locati on. A Sketch map for historic districts and /or properties having large acreage or numerou s resources . • Photographs: Representative black and white photographs of the property. • Additional items (Check with the SHPO or FPO for any add itional items.) name Lehi Roller Mills street &number 700 East Main Street telephone ---'(c.:::8:.:;.0: . ,1)L..'-.7-".068"----'.4. :. :40""1__________ city or town _--=L""e;.;.h.:. .i________________________ s ta te ~ zip code -...;8::..4:. : 0. :. 4,:3:..____ Paperwor1! Reduction Act Statement This information is being collected for applications to the National Register of Historic Places to nominate properties for listing or determine eligibility for listing. to list properties. and to amend existing listings. Response to this request is required to obtain a benefit in accordance with the National Historic Preservation /lct. as amended (t6 U.S.C. 470 e/ seq. ). Estimated Burden Statement: Public reporting burden for this form is estimated to average t 8. t hours per response including time for reviewing instructions. galhering "red maintaining d ata, and completing and reviewing the form . Direct comments regarding this burden estimate or any aspec1 of this form to the Chiei. Administratille Selviccs Dillisiorl, National Park Service. P.O. Box 37127. Washington. DC 200 13·7127; and the Office of Management and Budget. Paperwork Reductions Projects (1024·0018). Washireg1on, DC 2Ot;0:l. NPS Form 10·900·a U1ah WordPertect 5. 1 Format (l1cvlsed Feb. 1993) OMO No. 10024··00111 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section No. __7__ Page __1__ Lehi Roller Mills, Lehi, Utah County, ur Narrative Description The Lehi Roller Mills is a complex of several structures including the primary mill, a tall brick and frame building on the north side of the east end of Main Street. Supporting grain elevators, mechanical structures, warehouses and offices ex tend to the north. Typical of this building type, the Lehi Roller Mills has an organi c heterogeneous architectural appearance, the result of many additions and changes needed to keep the operation modernized and growing. The expansion of the milli ng facilities from 1905 to the present is apparent from old photographs and Lehi' s Sanborn insurance maps which show the regular updating and expanding of the structures, reflecting the corresponding refinement of milling procedures. Each major improvement, beginning with the 1905-06 brick mill, remains in place to document the character-defining evolutionary process of mill construction. Still the centerpiece of the Lehi Roller Mills is the original three-story brick structure with heavy timber, post-and-beam interior framing and a gabled roof. The original two-over-two windows, corbeled cornices and circular gable windows remain, as do the shed roof canopies over the south and east loading docks; the frame, gabled roof monitor, and the north, 14,OOO-bushel frame crib extension, are all additions made shortly after initial construction. The four 38-foot tall grain elevators, built of six-inch concrete walls in 1914, are intact and painted brightly with historic advertisements of the mill's most popular products, Turkey Red and Peacock flour. Together, these concrete capped, cylindershaped structures have a storage capacity of 45,000 bushels. As described in the history herein, other lesser frame, concrete and metal structures have been either attached to the original mill or built free-standing, among them the one-story, brick, gabled receiving building east of the main building along the D&RGW railroad spur. The last major addition was the three-story frame and gambrel-roofed warehouse built to the west in 1990. Although recent, this later structure is architecturally compatible in type, form, materials and color to other Utah mill s generally and the Lehi Roller Mills in particular. Although the mill's machinery has undergone numerous modernizations, the interior architecture of the 1905-06 building, along with some of the original separators, dusters, cleaners and gyrators, remain intact. Their origins are apparent from the old style lettering across the fronts announcing the type, brand, manufacturer and location of each machine. The mill is electrically powered as it has always been, and continues to employ its original roller mill technology for converting wheat to fine flour. The 36-foot tall main mill contains five levels of operations within its three-story shell due to maximizing the basement and gabled attic for machinery spaces. The mill has undergone visual changes but these are not intrusive given that many were made early-on and were essential to maintaining the complex's original and still current use. Each of the improvements and additions have both maintained and enhanced the mill's physical character and function. See continuation sheet OMB No . NPg FOlm 10-900'8 Utah WOldl 'erl ecI 5. 1 Formot Qlevi ced Feb. 1893) 100 2~ · OOHl United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section No. ~ Page __2__ Lehi Roller Mills, Lehi, Utah County, UT Narrative Statement of Significance The Lehi Roller Mills is locally significant as Lehi's first and only modern roller process commercial flour mill. Built at the behest of the Lehi Commercial Club, a group of local boosters, and financed by the Lehi Mill and Elevator Company, the mill was the first of its type in the city and satisfied a need for grain processing in a growing community without a flour mill. Continuing today in its original use, the mill is also significant architecturally as one of the earliest and most inta ct food processing plants of its type in Utah. Utilizing new technology such as electric rather than water power, and steel rollers rather than mill stones f or grinding, the Lehi Roller Mills continues to use the same process and some of the same equipment it began with originally when it opened in 1906. Expanded ov er the years as operations grew and modernized, the mill also shows the organic v'isual expression typical in the architecture of this building type. LEHI'S HISTORY: In March 1849 the first group of settlers camped along the Provo River, a few mil es east of the present site of Provo, Utah. It was another year before settlers headed for the site of Lehi, a place early passed over because of the limited availability of water, a problem that would plague the community for the first several years. Nevertheless, within the year wheat, corn, potatoes, squash and other vegetabl es were planted and plans were made to divert water out of American Fork Canyon for an irrigation system. Regardless of early opinions to the contrary, Lehi's advantageous location on the road toward Provo and the east of the Tintic mining district made it a perfect spot for settlement. The settlers lived in makeshift was deemed judicious to build a local Native Americans. By the South and second West to form a cabins scattered along "Dry Creek. Eventually, it fort to secure the group against conflict s with fall of 1853, sixty cabins had been moved to I ~ ir s t seventy-five-rod square fort. During the early 1850s, Lehi's residents, like most of for survival and made do with what they had until they production of goods. Transportation costs made states therefore, the people had to depend on what they could II Utah's pioneers, struggl ed could plant crops and set up goods particularly expensive, produce locally. Most townspeople lived in the fort or area immediately surrounding it until th e l ate 18605. Eventually, however, they moved out of the fort and constructed new homes, first of adobe because they were easily built without specialized sk 'i lls and tool s and, after the 1870s, of kiln-baked brick, stone, and logs. Soon, like many other rural Mormon towns, Lehi had wide dusty streets lined by ditches on both sides. These ditches functioned as irrigation canals and as well as the source of cul i nary water. l See continuation sheet Nf'g rOt Tn 1O~ 900-a l ijl.lh WOIdl-'c rlocI 5. 1 Formul (Hcvi", d F"b. 1$)93) United States DepartllCnt of the Interior Natiollit"l Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section No. ~ Page __3__ Lehi Roller Mill s , Leh i, Utah County. UT Lehi 's transformation from a temporary site on the road south to a more permanent and diversified town occurred gradually through the last few decades of the nineteenth century. Soon a variety of services were available to area re s ident s . The community's first mill was constructed of adobe on the banks of the Jordan River south of the present site of the Lehi Roller Mills during the late 1850s. Within the decade saloons, boarding houses, and a variety of mercantile institutions lin ed Lehi's streets. Coming of the Railroad, 1873-1881: The watershed event that changed Lehi's history was the coming of the railroad in 1873. The railroad altered the city and ushered in a new period of development. Most important, it established Lehi as an important trade and transportation hub in Utah valley. Lehi received an extra boon to growth when the Denver and Ri o Grande Railway laid a line across the southern and western part of town in 1881. lhat same year, the Salt Lake and Western Railroad built a line through Lehi. Branching westward from the Utah Southern tracks, this line was used to transport freight from the Tintic Mining District. The place these two lines crossed was ca'lled Lehi Junction and eventually included numerous brick yards, a general store, assay offices, an artificial stone factory, a school, a Mormon meetinghouse, and do zens of residents. Lehi developed two town centers--one located along Main Street between Fi rst East and Fifth West streets and the second along State Street--at the location s of the intersections of two major railroads. Besides the railroad depots themselves, the structures built at these junctions centered around the railroad: mercantile establishments, hotels, and houses provided services and a resting stop for travelers passing through and residents alike. Economic Diversification: The 1890 Sanborn Map illustrates a substantial commercial area on the block between First and Second West along Main Street. In addition to a People's Co-op, these buildings included: Trane and Evans Mercantile, the Lehi Hotel, Lehi City Hall, Lehi Drug Store, Garff Mercantile, the Lehi Opera House, Harwood and sons Harness Shop, the Lehi Post Office, Dorton Brother's Grocery, an agricultural implement store, a boot maker, a tinshop , a saloon, a barbershop, and the New West Academy (a private Congregationalist school). Clearly, by the end of the nineteenth century Lehi had become a community offering a growing variety of services, cultural amenities and businesses to satisfy local tastes. With diversification came designers, contractors, and craftsmen, improvements in building technology and a growing number of styles. Lehi's Utah Sugar Company was the town's first factory and premiere business after 1889. X See continuation sheet OMt! No. NPS Form 10·g00·a Ulnh WordPerfecl5.1 Formnl (l"Icvlsed Feb. 19'J3) 100 ~ ~ ·0 01H United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section No. ~ Page ~ Lehi Roller Mills, Lehi , Uta h County, UT LEHI ROLLER MILLS HISTORY: Obtaining flour was difficult for those early settlers living outside of the Salt Lake valley. It was necessary for farmers to either travel to Salt Lake mill s wit h their wheat, return with flour, or have it ground in varying ways from hor se -powered mills to crude, make-shift mills with limited equipment. Regardless, the process was costly, inconvenient and inefficient. The first mills built to remedy th i s deficiency were frequently erected quickly and were, therefore, roughly crafted. Few of these earliest mills remain. Utah County1s first mill was built in Springville in 1851. This mill had two sets of burrs and a mill wheel. Ry 1885, the mill had been remodeled and the mill stones were replaced with the more up to date roller technology. Known as the "New Process" when it was first intro duced into Utah in the 1860, this new method of flour milling used metal rollers to grind wheat. Instead of working the wheat berry into a powder in one or two grindings, the wheat was broken up gradually by passing it in between rollers several times. The surfaces of the steel rollers were incised with parallel, equally spaced grooves with sharp edge s for cutting the grain. Each set of rollers had a different pattern of grooves. With usually two pair of rollers to a cabinet, each pair achieved a finer grade of grinding as the wheat, passing from one set to the next, was gradually reduced to flour. Using currents of air and siftings between grindings, the flour was separated fr om the bran and middlings. The flour produced was called "Patent" flour, a name still applied to the highest grade of refined flour. 1 Roller milling dominated the flour industry after 1880 and impacted the design of both old and new buildings. Some existing mills were abandoned altogether, but others were adapted to fit the requirements of the new technology. These changes came at the same time that another significant advancement in milling technology became popular--the Leffel turbines. The Lehi Roller Mill was not the on the southwest end of the Mill demolished and the site used for years, local farmers transported town1s first mill. The Mulliner grist mill lo cated Pond was built in 1856. In 1890, the bu ·il ding was the Lehi Sugar Factory. For the next fifteen their grain to American Fork for processing. Lehi1s boosters--the Lehi Commercial Club- - promoted the idea of building a new mill in town in 1905. Stockholders in the new venture , organized as the Lehi Mill and Elevator Company, included the People1s Co-op, Lehi Mercantile, Racker Mercant il e , Thomas R. Cutler, G.N. Child, John Y. Smith, James H. Gardner, Henry Lewis, John 1Roberts, Allen. "The History of Flour Milling in Utah", Daughters of the Utah Pioneers, 1982, p. 24 . X See continuati on sheet NPS Form 10-9oo-.. Utah Wo rdPe rtecl5. 1 Format (nevised Feb. 1003) OMU No. 1C1()?~-0016 United States Department of the lnterior Nationa I Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section No. ~ Page __5__ Lel1i Roller Mills, Lehi, lItall County , liT Roberts, Davis Smith, Thomas Webb, Thaddeus Powell, George Webb, and Mathias Knudsen. The site chosen by the group for the mill was on East Union Pacific Railroad that ran by the sugar factory. Chambersburg, Penn. contracted for the mill machinery double rollers, one washer, two purifiers, two reels, one gyrator, one separator, and one bran duster. Main Street on the spur of the The Wolf Company of which included four sets of one cleaner, one dust roller, The three story original building had machinery powered by a fifty-horsepower motor. After its opening in April 1906, the mill met with such immediate success that one month later the company built its first addition. That summer the company erected a 10,000 bushel capacity grain elevator, a similar-looking three-story st ructure to the north with matching roof, six-over-six windows and monitor. By 1907, the company's name had changed to the Lehi Roller Mills, a busines s storing and processing virtually all the grain grown in the area. In August 1909, Giles and Giles leased the business and hired William Leffler as miller. George G. Robin so n soon assumed the lease and assumed management of the business. Robinson had been in the milling business since he was apprenticed to a miller at the age of 16. In 1910, he purchased the mill from the co-op and three years later began an extens -ive modernization effort through which the mill was enlarged from a milling capacity of 75 to 110 barrels per day. In 1915, Robinson hired the Birrell Engineer Company to construct a 43,000 bushel grain elevator and four concrete silos, 10 feet in diameter, resting on concrete bases 41' 8" square and 6' deep. The bright Turkey Red and Peacock Brand logos painted on the east sides of the silos have been local landmarks for decades. When Robinson died in 1936, his sons Sherman and Raymond Robinson assumed management of the mill. George's grandson, R. Sherman Robinson became manager in 1980. Under hi s direction, the Lehi Roller Mills again underwent modernization in 1985. As a result production capacity was increased to 60,000 a day. A new warehouse built in 1990 increased storage capacity to 100,000 bushels. In its earlier, more industrial years, several flour and knitting mills operated throughout northern Utah County, ranging in location from the mouth of American Fork Canyon on the east to sites along the Provo River on the west. All of these mills have been destroyed with the exception of the intact Star Flour Mill, a late-1880s roller mill in neighboring American Fork, and the Lehi Roller Mills, the subject of this nomination. Buildings along Lehi's Main Street Commercial district reflect the period of growth and prosperity between 1880 and 1920. The architectural styles of the brick buildings erected along this street during this three decade era include Victorian and Neoclassical Revival styles, as well as non-styled vernacular designs. X See continuation sheet NPS form 10·900·a L11 ah WordPcllec! 5.1 Form,,! (nev;,ed Feb. 1993) OMB No. 100;!4·(JO H' United States Uepartment of the Interior Nat ·ional Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section No. ~ Page __6__ Lchi Roller Mills, Lehi, UtBh County , UT Reacting to a slight decline in population at the turn of the century, Lehi's Commercial Club attempted to encourage new industries and social diversion including: the Lehi Mill and Elevator Company (1906); Mount Pickle Factory (1 906); the Central Experimental Farm (1906); and the Lehi Waterworks (1907-09). See continuation ,.heet NPg Form 10·900-s Ulllh WordPerlecl 5. 1 I-ormlll (Hcvised Feb. Hl[)3) OMB No . 100?4·00 IB United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section No. __9__ Page __7__ Lehi Roll er Mill s , Lehi, Utah County, UT Bibliography Lehi Sanborn Maps Lehi Free Press. 4 September 1911; 24 June 1992; 1 July 1992; 2 September 1992. "Lehi Roller Mills." Lehi, Utah: 1992. "Lehi Main Street Historic Commercial Business District Preservation Masterplan." Lehi, Utah: 1991. Van Wagoner, Richard. Lehi: Portraits of a Utah Town. Lehi, Utah: Lehi C·i ty Corporation, 1990. Roberts, Allen. "History of Flour Milling in Pioneer Utah." Daughters of th e Utah Pioneers. 1982. Roberts, Allen. "Research Report on the Isaac Chase Flour Mill in Liberty Park, Salt Lake City, Utah." Daughters of the Utah Pioneers, 1980. See continuation sheet NPS Form 10-900-a lJ1ah WordPerfec15.1 Format (Revised Feb. 1993) OMS No. 10024·0018 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section No. PHOTOS Page ~ Lehi Roller Mills , Lehi, Utah County, UT Common Label Information: 1. Lehi Roller Mills 2. 3. 4. 5. Leh i, Utah County, Utah Photographer: Allen Roberts Date: March 1993 Negative on file at Utah SHPO. Photo 1: 6. East elevation of building. Camera facing west. Photo 2: 6. Southeast elevation of building. Photo 3: 6. Southwest elevation of building. Photo 4: 6. Historic photo. Camera facing northwest. Camera facing northeast. Southeast elevation of building. Camera facing northea st . See continuation sheet · '~. . " rv .:!~ :f~\ \ "", ... l,E,t-lil ~o\.---\....-~ M\~~5 l-f\1l ) u:rkr\ COL). N\\' *l LtrA r-\ ~t1b-ro \'-~\A\ ~\.-~ M\~VC:> v~\--\\) U\~~ COU~'<1 UlAr-\ ?t-\ oro ::A 2. ".' r::' '," , ....I.. , .' ;. ,:-'~ .. ~. . \ . ~a\\\ ~Ol.,\....p~ M \~S \-~\-\ \) urA~ Cc>U;~J U\~ t-\ fHo-ro ~ '? \ • 25' 4474 T 55 750 000 ... I ~c I I I l--~\il t<-ol.+~M\\Ah2 ,ZJO ~M-r tAAlN ~ .. rL.' :. .. Q: \'-r:- t-\ \ LA -rAH 6tu W-r'{ 2/41.11070 /441 \ 070 .. ... __.___ . __II _ __._ ... .~· ~ :..·-·-- 19 40°22'30" 111°52'30" 21 426 50' 1 900000 FEET Mapped, edited, and published by the Geological Survey Control by USGS, NOS/NOAA, USSR and State of Utah Topography from aerial photographs by multiplex methods and by plane-table surveys 1922, 1927, and 1951 Polyconic projection . 1927 North American datum 10,000-foot grid based on Utah coordinate system, central zone * OMS No. t0024 -00 t8 NPS Form to-900 (Ocl. t990) UtAh WordPerfecl5.t Formal (Revi sed Feb. t993) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Registration Form This form Is for use In nominating or requesling delermlnalions of eligibility for individual properties or districts. See instructions In How /0 Complete the Nallonal Register of Historic Places Form (National Register Bullelin 16A). Complete each item by marking ' x' in the appropriate box or by entering the Informalion requested. If an item does not upply to the property being documenled. enter 'N/A' for 'not applicable.' For functions. architectural ciasslficalion. materials. and areas of significance. enter only categories and subcategories from the Instructions. Place additional entries and narrative hems on continuation sh eets (NPS Form to-9OOa) _ Use a typewrher. word processor. or computer to complete all items. L . . NamEfc):f proper'ty < historic name . Lehi Roller Mi lls other names/site number ----------------------------------------------------------------- 2•.•. Location·. . .. . . street &number 700 East Main Street city or town Lehi ~~~---------------------------------------------s ta te Utah code ~ county _U:;..t:;.:a;.:.h:.-____________ code 049 ...JJi.L ...JJi.L not for pub] ication vicinity zip code ~8:;..;4:..::.0...:..43"_____ 3.·· • Stafe!Federa·i.·• • • AgeI'lCy.HCeFt·i f As the designated authority under the National Hi storic Preservation Act, as amended, I hereby certify that this _X_nomination __request for determination of el igibi I ity meets the documentation standards for registering properties in the National Register of Historic Places and meets the procedural and professional requirements set forth in 36 CFR Part 60. In my opinion, the property ~meets ___does not meet the National Register criteria. I recommend that this property be considered significant nationally statewide X locally, ( See continuation sheet for add i tiona I comments,) ------- Utah Division of State History, Office of Historic Preservation State or Federal agency and bureau In my opinion, the property meets does not meet the National Register criteria, continuation sheet for additional comments.) Signature of certifying official/Title (___ See Date State or Federal agency and bureau I hereby certify that this property is: _ _ _ entered in the National Register. See continuation sheet. determined eligible for the National Register. See continuation sheet. determined not eligible for the National Register. rennved from the National Register. _ ot.her, (exp la in: )_____________________ Signature of the Keeper Date of Action Lehi, Utah County, Utah City, County, and State Lehi Roller Mills Name of Property Ownership of Property (Check as many boxes as apply) Category of Property (Check only one box) --L bui lding(s) --L private _ _ _ pub 1ic-loca 1 public-State public-Federal _ district site structure object Name of related multiple property listing (Enter 'N/A' n property is not part of a muttipie property listing.) (Do not include previously listed resources in the count) Contributing Noncontributing _ _. .!1_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _1=--_ _ _ _ bui ld ings ___________________ sites _________________ structures _________________ objects __-=-_________-=-______ Tota 1 Number of contr i but i ng resources prev i ous 1y l·j s ted .j n the National Register N/A N/A Historic Functions (Enter categories from instructions) AGRICULTURE/SUBSISTENCE: processing Architectural Classification (Enter categories from instructions) Other: Number of Resources within Property vernacular (classical) Current Functions (Enter categories from instructions) AGRICULTURE/SUBSISTENCE: Materials processing (Enter categories from instructions) foundat ion ---'s::.;t""o:.:.:nc:::.e________________ walls brick, metal, wood roof metal other additions of wood, metal, concrete Narrative Description (Describe the historic and current condition of the property on one or more continuation sheets.) --L See continuation sheet(s) for Section No. I Lchi Roller Mills Name of Property Lehi, Utah County, Utah City, County, and State c.::::. ' Applicable National Register Criteria (Mark "x" on one or IllOre 1ines for the criteria qualifying the property for National Register listing.) x A Property is associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of our history. B Property is associated with the lives of persons significant in our past. x C Property embodies the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, or method of construction, or represents the work of a master, or possesses high artistic values, or represents a significant and distinguishable entity whose components lack individual distinction. o Property has yielded, or is likely to yield, information important in prehistory or history. Criteria Considerations (Mark "x" on all that apply.) Property is: A owned by a religious institution or used for religious purposes. B removed from its original location. C a birthplace or grave. D a cemetery. [ a reconstructed building, object, or structure. F a cOlTlllemorative property. G less than 50 years of age or achieved significance within the past 50 years. Areas of Significance (Enter categories from instructions ) Agriculture Architecture Period of Significance 1905-1943 Significant Dates 1905 Significant Person (Complete if Criterion B is N/A Cultural Affiliation N/A n~rked above) Architect/Builder Wolf Company (milling machinery) Narrative Statement of Significance (Explain the significance of the property on one or more continuation sheets.) .L... See continuation sheet(s) for Section No. fl 9 •.·.· Majdh .B ibliographiC:alReferences Bibl iography (Cite the books, articles, and other sources used in preparing this form on one or more continuation sheets.) Previous documentation on file (NPS): _ prel iminary determination of individual 1isting (36 CFR 67) has been requested previously listed in the National Register - previously determined eligible by the National - Register designated a National Historic Landmark recorded by Historic An~rican Buildings Survey === _ #_--,.....,..-,-,.,.......,.....--.- Primary location of additional data: State Historic Preservation Office - Other State agency - Federa 1 agency === Local government University - Other Name of repository: recorded by Historic American Engineering Record 41 _ _ _ _ _ __ .L... See continuation sheet(s) for Section No.9 Lehi, Utah County, Utah CHy, County, and State Lehi Roller Mills Name of Property 10.; Gedgraph i cal Data Acreage of property 2.87 acres UTM References (Place additional UTM references on a continuation sheet.) A ..J..l.L Zone C-L 4/2/9/0/7 /0 Easting / / / / / Verbal Describe 4/4/7/1/0/7 /0 Northing B_/_ I I I / / Zone Easting / / / / / / Northing / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / the property. Com. 7.9/ chs. E & 14.45 chs. S. of NW cor. of NE 1/4 of Sec. 16, T 5 S, R 1 E, SLM; E 6.72 chs; S-LY 7.40 chs., N 4.06 chs., to beginning. ~.71 chs.; W Property Tax No. See continuation sheet(s) for Section No. 10 were selected. The boundaries are those that have been associated with the property since its origin. See continuation sheet(s) for Section No. ]0 name/t it Ie Alien [). f{oberts, arch itect i Martha S. Brad ley, historian organization History Projects, Inc. street & number ?02 West 300 North city or town Salt Lake City date March ]994 telephone ~U_J5-,'i::'i9 ~_~_____ ___ _ state ~ zip code e~lO:\-- Submit the following items with the completed form: • Continuation Sheets • Maps: A USGS map (7.5 or 15 minute series) indicating the property's location. A Sketch map for historic districts and/or properties having large acreage or nun~rous resources. • Photographs: Representative black and white photographs of the property. • Additional items (Check with the SHPO or FIlO for any additional items.) name Lehi Roller Mills street &number 700 East Main Street city or town _---..::L"'e:..che-i_______________________ telephone ----'(1..:::8:.::.0~1)L.. :-7.:;::68::--..-'-4..'-'40"-'=J_ _ __ s ta te ~ zip code ---:8::-4:..;::0-,-4::.-3_ __ PapetWOrk Reduction Ad statement: This information is being collected for applications to the National Register of Historic Places to nominate properties for listing or determine eliglbil~y for listing, to list properties, and to amend existing listings. Response to this request is required to obtain a benefit in accordance with the National Historic Preservation IIcl, as amended (16 U.S.C. 470 el seq.). Estimaled Burden Statement: Public reporting burden for this form is estimated to average 18.1 hours per response Including time for reviewing instructions, gathering ""d maintaining data, and completing and reviewing the form. Direct comments regarding this burden estimate or any aspect of this form to the Chief, Adminis1ra1ive Services O/Vi!,;ion, National Park Service, PD. Box 37127, Washington, DC 20013-7127; and the Office of Management and Budget, PapelWork Reductions Projects (1024-0016), Washinglon, DC 2050:1. NPS rorm 1D·900·a U1ah WordPe rlec1 5. 1 Forma' (Ilcvl sed Feb. 1993) OMB No. 10024·001l! United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section No. __7__ Page __1__ Lehi Roll er Mills, Lehi, Utah County . UT Narrative Description The Lehi Roller Mills is a complex of several structures including the primary mill, a tall brick and frame building on the north side of the east end of Main Street. Supporting grain elevators, mechanical structures, warehouses and offices ex t end to the north. Typical of this building type, the Lehi Roller Mills has an org anic heterogeneous architectural appearance, the result of many additions and changes needed to keep the operation modernized and growing. The expansion of the milling facilities from 1905 to the present is apparent from old photographs and Lehi' s Sanborn insurance maps which show the regular updating and expanding of the structures, reflecting the corresponding refinement of milling procedures. Each major improvement, beginning with the 1905-06 brick mill, remains in place to document the character-defining evolutionary process of mill construction. Still the centerpiece of the Lehi Roller Mills is the original three-story bri ck structure with heavy timber, post-and-beam interior framing and a gabled roof. The original two-over-two windows, corbeled cornices and circular gable windows remain, as do the shed roof canopies over the south and east loading docks; the frame, gabled roof monitor, and the north, 14,000-bushel frame crib extension, are all additions made shortly after initial construction. The four 38-foot tall grain elevators, built of six-inch concrete walls in 1914, are intact and painted brightly with historic advertisements of the mill I S most popul ar products, Turkey Red and Peacock flour. Together, these concrete capped, cy lindershaped structures have a storage capacity of 45,000 bushels. As described in the history herein, other lesser frame, concrete and metal structures have been either attached to the original mill or built free-standing, among them the one-story, brick, gabled receiving building east of the main building along the D&RGW railroad spur. The last major addition was the three-story frame and gambrel-roofed warehouse built to the west in 1990. Although recent, this later structure i s architecturally compatible in type, form, materials and color to other Utah mills generally and the Lehi Roller Mills in particular. Although the millis machinery has undergone numerous modernizations, the interior architecture of the 1905-06 building, along with some of the original separators, dusters, cleaners and gyrators, remain intact. Their origins are apparent from the old style lettering across the fronts announcing the type, brand, manufacturer and location of each machine. The mill is electrically powered as it has always been, and continues to employ its original roller mill technology for converting wheat t o fine flour. The 36-foot tall main mill contains five levels of operations within its three-story shell due to maximizing the basement and gabled attic for machinery spaces. The mill has undergone visual changes but these are not intrusive given that many were made early-on and were essential to maintaining the complex's original and still current use. Each of the improvements and additions have both maintained and enhanced the mill's physical character and function. See continuation shee t OIvl.F lNo. 10024·001(, NPS Form 10·9oo·a \JIah Wordperfecl5.1 Fortnllt (Ilevised Ft!b, 1993) United States Department of tbe Interior Nat lona 1 Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section No •. l Leh i RallerMi 115, telli. UtalT County. LIT Pagel, Narrative Statement of Significance The Lehi Roller Mills ;s locally significant as Lehi's first and only Olodern l"ol1el" process commercial flour mill. Built at the behest of the Lehi Commercial Club, a group of local boosters, and financed by the Leh; Mill and Elevator Company, the mill was the first .of its type in the city and satisfied a need for grain processing in a growing community without a flour mill. Continuing today in its original use ! the mill is also significant architecturally as one of the earliest and most intact food proceSSing plants of its type in Utah. Utilizing new technology such as electric rather than water power, and steel rollers rather than mill stones for grinding, the Lehi Roller Mills continues to use the same process and some of the same equipment it began with originally when it opened in 1906. Expanded over the years as operations grew and modernized, the mill also shows the organic v'isual expression typical in the architecture of this building type , LEHI'S HISTORY;, In March 1849 the first group of settlers camped along the Provo River, a few miles east of the present site of Provo, Utah. It was another year before settlers headed for the site of Lehi i a place early passed over because of the limited availability of water, a problem that would plague the community for the first several years • . Neverthe less" with in the year wheat , corn I potatoes, squash and other vegetab les were planted and plans were made to divert water out of American Fork Canyon for q.n irrigation system. Regardless of early opinions to the contrary, Lehi's advantageous location on the road toward Provo and the east of the Tintic mining district made it a perfect spot for settlement. The settlers lived in makeshift was deemed judicious to build a local Native Americans. By t .he South and second West to form a cabins scattered along t'Dry Creek. II Eventually, it fort to secure the group against conflicts with fall of 1853, sixty cabins had been moved to First seventy-five-rod square fort. During the early 1850s, Lehi's residents, like most of for survival and made do with what they had until they production of goods. Transportation costs made states therefore, the peop 1e had to depend on what they (oU Id Utah's pioneers,. struggled could plant crops and set up goods particularly expensive, produce 1oca llY. · , Most townspeople 1ived in the fort or area immediately surrounding it until the late 1860s. Eventually, however, they moverl out of the fort and constructed new homes) first of adobe because they were easily built without specialized skills. and tools and, after the 1870s, of kiln-baked brick, stone, and logs. Soon, like many other rural Mormon towns, Lehi had. wide dusty streets lined by ditches on both si.des. These ditches functioned as irrigC).tion GC).nals and as wella.s the source of culinal"y water .. l See continuation sheet OMH N" . N f'S r-olm 1()"900·a 1(X)~~ · OO1l< lItoh Wo rd Pcrioct 5 .1 I' o rmot (Flevi. ed Feb . HJ93) United States Oepartncnt of the Interior Natiomd Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section No. ~ Page __3__ Lehi Roller I~i 11 5, Lehi, Utah Cou nty , LIT Lehi1s transformation from a temporary site on the road south to a more permanent and diversified town occurred gradually through the last few decades of t he nineteenth century. Soon a variety of services were available to area re s i de nts . The community1s first mill was constructed of adobe on the banks of the Jordan River south of the present site of the Lehi Roller Mills during the late 1850s. Wi t hin the decade saloons, boarding houses, and a variety of mercantile institution s l ·ined Lehi1s streets. Coming of the Railroad, 1873-1881: The watershed event that changed Lehi1s history was th e coming of the rail road ·in 1873. The railroad altered the city and ushered i n a new period of develo pment . Most important, it established Lehi as an import ant trade and transportati on hub in Utah valley . Lehi received an extra boon to growth when the Denver and Ri o Gr ande Railway laid a line across the souther n and we st ern part of town in 1881. lh at same year, the Salt Lake and Western Railroad built a line through Lehi. Bran chin g westward from the Utah Southern tracks, this line was used to transport f re ig ht fr om the Tintic Mining District. The place these two lines crossed was called Lehi Junction and eventually included numerous brick yards, a general storer ass ay offices, an artificial stone factory, a school, a Mormon meetinghouse, and doze ns of residents. Lehi developed two town center s--one located along Main St reet between Fi rs t East and Fifth West streets and the second along State Street--at the location s of the intersections of two major railroads. Besides the railroad depots themselves, th e structures built at these junctions centered around the railroad: mercantile establishments, hotels, and houses provided services and a resting stop for travelers passing through and residents alike. Economic Diversification: The 1890 Sanborn Map illustrates a sub stan t ial comme r cial area on the bl ock bet ween First and Second West along Main Street. In addition to a People1s Co-op, th ese buildings included: Trane and Evan s Me r cantile, the Lehi Hotel, Lehi City Ha ll, Lehi Drug Store, Garff Mercantile, the Lehi Opera House, Harwood and son s Ha r nes s Shop, the Lehi Post Office, Dorton Brother1s Grocery, an agricultural impl ement store, a boot maker, a tinshop, a saloon, a barbershop, and the New West Academy (a private Congregationalist school). Clearly, by the end of the nineteenth century Lehi had become a community offer ing a growing variety of services, cultural amenities and businesses to satisfy local tastes. With diversification came designers, contractors, and craftsmen, improvements in building technology and a growing number of styles. Lehi1s Utah Sugar Company was the town1s first factory and premiere business after 1889. X See continuation sheet OMB No. l0024 ·00lB NPS Form 10-900-8 Ulah WordPerfec15.1 Form,,1 (l"Icvlsed Feb. 19'J3) United States Department of t.he Int.erior National Park Serv"ice National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section No. ~ Page ~ Lehl Roller Mill s , Lehl, Utah County, U1 LEHI ROLLER MILLS HISTORY: Obtaining flour was difficult for those early settlers living outside of the Salt Lake valley. It was necessary for farmers to either travel to Salt Lake mills with their wheat, return with flour, or have it ground in varying ways from horse-powered mills to crude, make-shift mills with limited equipment. Regardless, the process was costly, inconvenient and inefficient. The first mills built to remedy this deficiency were frequently erected quickly and were, therefore, roughly crafted. Few of these earliest mills remain. Utah County 1 s first mill was built in Springville in 1851. This mill had two sets of burrs and a mill wheel. Ry 1885, the mill had been remodeled and the mill stones were replaced with the more up to date roller technology. Known as the "New Process" when it was first introduced into Utah in the 1860, this new method of flour milling used metal rollers to grind wheat. Instead of working the wheat berry into a powder in one or two grindings, the wheat was broken up gradually by passing it in between rollers several times. The surfaces of the steel rollers were incised with parallel, equally spaced grooves with sharp edges for cutting the grain. Each set of rollers had a different pattern of grooves. With usually two pair of rollers to a cabinet, each pair achieved a finer grade of grinding as the wheat, passing from one set to the next, was gradually reduced to flour. Using currents of air and siftings between grindings, the flour was separated from the bran and middlings. The flour produced was called "Patent" flour, a name still applied to the highest grade of refined flour. l Roller milling dominated the flour industry after 1880 and impacted the design of both old and new buildings. Some existing mills were abandoned altogether, but others were adapted to fit the requirements of the new technology. These changes came at the same time that another significant advancement in milling technology became popular--the Leffel turbines. The Lehi Roller Mill was not the on the southwest end of the Mill demolished and the site used for years, local farmers transported town's first mill. The Mulliner grist mil"! located Pond was built in 1856. In 1890, the building was the Lehi Sugar Factory. For the next fifteen their grain to American Fork for processing. Lehi's boosters--the Lehi Commercial Club--promoted the idea of building a new mill in town in 1905. Stockholders in the new venture, organized as the Lehi Mill and Elevator Company, included the People's Co-op, Lehi Mercantile, Racker Mercantile, Thomas R. Cutler, G.N. Child, John Y. Smith, James H. Gardner, Henry Lewis, John lRoberts. AlIen. "The Hi story of Flour MI 11 I ng I n Utah". Daughters of the Utah Pioneers, 1982, p. 24 . l See continuation sheet NPS Form 10-9()O-a Utah WordPerfect 5. t Form nt (ncvised Feb. t 993) OME! No, 1 (lO?~ - OO1il United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section No. ~ Page __5__ Lehi Roller Mills, Lehi , Utah Co unty, liT Roberts, Davis Smith, Thomas Webb, Thaddeus Powell, George Webb, and Mathi as Knudsen. The site chosen by the group for the mill was on East Union Pacific Railroad that ran by the sugar factory. Chambersburg, Penn. contracted for the mill machinery double rollers, one washer, two purifiers, two reels, one gyrator, one separator, and one bran duster. Main Street on the spur of the The Wolf Company of which included four set s of one cleaner, one dust roller, The three story original building had machinery powered by a fifty-horsepower motor. After its opening in April 1906, the mill met with such immediate success that one month later the company built its first addition. That summer the company erected a 10,000 bushel capacity grain elevator, a similar-looking three-story structure to the north with matching roof, six-over-six windows and monitor. By 1907, the company's name had changed to the Lehi Roller Mills, a bu si ne ss storing and processing virtually all the grain grown in the area. In August 1909 , G'iles and Giles leased the business and hired William Leffler as miller. George G. Robinson soon assumed the lease and assumed management of the business. Robinson had been in the milling business since he was apprenticed to a miller at the age of 16. In 1910, he purchased the mill from the co-op and three years later began an extensive modernization effort through which the mill was enlarged from a milling capacity of 75 to 110 barrels per day. In 1915, Robinson hired the Birrell Engineer Company to construct a 43,000 bushel grain elevator and four concrete silos, 10 feet in diameter, resting on concrete bases 41' 8" square and 6' deep. The bright Turkey Red and Peacock Brand logo s painted on the east sides of the silos have been local landmarks for deca des . When Robinson died in 1936, his sons Sherman and Raymond Robinson assumed management of the mill. George's grandson, R. Sherman Robinson became manager in 1980. Und er his direction, the Lehi Roller Mills again underwent modernization in 1985. As a result production capacity was increased to 60,000 a day. A new warehouse built in 1990 increased storage capacity to 100,000 bushels. In its earlier, more industrial years, several flour and knitting mills operated throughout northern Utah County, ranging in location from the mouth of American Fork Canyon on the east to sites along the Provo River on the west. All of these mills have been destroyed with the exception of the intact Star Flour Mill, a late-1880s roller mill in neighboring American Fork, and the Lehi Roller Mills, the subject of this nomination. Buildings along Lehi's Main Street Commercial district reflect the period of growth and prosperity between 1880 and 1920. The architectural styles of the brick buildings erected along this street during this three decade era include Victorian and Neoclassical Revival styles, as well as non-styled vernacular designs. X See continuation sheet NPS Form 10-900-8 lHah WordPortecl5.1 Formal (flelll!l&d Feb. 199.3) OMll N(>, 100~4 , (J(l1!1 United States DepartlOOnt of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet S~ction No. ~ Page-2- Lehi Roller Mills, Lehi, Ut.ah County, llT Reacting to a slight decline in population at the turn of the century, Lehi's Commercial Club attempted to encourage new industries and social diversion including: the Lehi Mill and Elevator Company (1906); Mount Pickle Factory (1906); the Central Experimental Farm (1906); and the Lehi Waterworks (1907-09). Se,e continuation sheet OMB No. 100;'>4-()0 1B NPR Form 10 -nOO·a lJl" h Wordl" erfecI 5.1 l-orrn,,1 (Hovi,ed Feb. 1093) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section No. __9__ Page __7__ Lehi Ro ll er Mil ·l s , Lehi , Ut.a h County , UT -;::-;;,..-;------.-------------------- - - - - - - - - - -- ---Bibliography -- Lehi Sanborn Maps Lehi Free Press. 4 September 1911; 24 June 1992; 1 July 1992; 2 September 1992. "Lehi Roller Mi lls. Lehi, Utah: 1992. II "Lehi Main Street Hi storic Commercial Business Di strict Preservation Master pl an ." Lehi, Utah: 1991. Van Wagoner, Richard. Lehi: Portrait s of a Utah Town. Lehi, Utah: Lehi Ci t y Corporation, 1990. Rober t s, Allen. "History of Flour Milling in Pioneer Utah." Daughters of t he Uta h Pioneers. 1982. Roberts, Allen. "Research Report on the Isaac Chase Flour Mill in Liberty Park, Salt Lake City, Utah." Daughters of the Utah Pioneers, 1980. See continu ation sheet OMS No. 10024-0018 NPS Form 10-900-a U1ah WordPerfect 5.1 Format (Revised Feb. 1993) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section No. PHOTOS Page ~ Lehi Roller Mill s , Lehi, Ut ah County , UT Common Label Information: 1. Lehi Roller Mills 2. 3. 4. 5. Leh i Utah County Utah Photographer: Allen Roberts Date: March 1993 Negative on file at Utah SHPO. I Photo 1: I 6. East elevation of building. Camera facing west. Photo 2: 6. Southeast elevation of building. Photo 3: 6. Southwest elevation of building. Photo 4: 6. Historic photo. Camera facing northwest. Camera facing northeast. Southeast elevation of building. Camera facing northeast. See continuation sheet 1ft . . -- ~- - .. ' · It ---=-. ... II. m rr I n" L-~8:l ... ~o~L.--~ M\~~S *l ~J\1l ) LX\" kt-\ C.OU.N\\, U-rAt-\ ~~bro \'-~\A\ ~\.-~ M\~VC:> v~\--\\) U\~~ COU~'<1 UlAr-\ ?t-\ oro ::A 2. ".' r::' '," , ....I.. , .' ; ..:-,~ " ~. . \ . ~a\\\ ~Ol.,\....p~ M ~~S \-~\-\ \) urA~ Cc>U;~J U\~ t-\ fHo-ro ~ '? • ,, ", ':'>'- ~-" -~ -----. --.. '----- 4475 .::-~~~<~~_= \ ." .... , . ./' 47 · ~W.J l<J ~ 25' -J -J " fJ) T. 5 S II .. t _. \ ! WASH: '. ~ \ 1 ". ==:~==.:::.=;\ 750000 , FEET I " ~ " II .: :: .11. - ~~ .~ L.') l-- ~ \-t I ~w--ERM\\,\h~ ~ 4471 """"' ,ZJO ~M-r \'AA\N ,7 .. '0 ::. ..J-J ~~\1\ ~ ~ U-rAtt 'CruN\'Y :. \18 2/4V1070 /441 \ 070 4470 '-. , '~' .. .......... . , o , " 40 0 22'30" 111 °52'30" "" 426 i:-: ~ -·--- +oo_- .•.; ~ 21 50' 1 900 000 FEET Mapped, edited, and published by the Geological Survey Control by USGS, NOS/NOAA, USBR and State of Utah Topography from aerial photographs by multiplex methods and by plane-table surveys 1922, 1927, and 1951 Polyconic projection. 1927 North American datum lO,OOO-foot grid based on Utah coordinate system, central zone * G\" ..0'32' 9 MILS \ l>= / 276 MILS EVALUATION SHEET Nationa 1 Register Nomination Utah Office of Preservation Name of Property: _--=L::..:::e~h...:...i.....:R~o:....:l....:.l~er~M.:..:i....:.l...:...l:::..,.s________ 700 E. Main Address: City, County: ___. . ;L: . ;e: :. :.h.:. . :i. .L._U:: . ,.t: . : a:. :.;h:. ,. =Co;: .;u: . :.n.:. ,:t:. .Ly________ Certified Local Government: _L::..;e::..:.h.:. . :i__________ Submitted by: Allen Roberts/Martha Bradley Date: 1/10/94 Evaluation: __x__ Approved by staff -- Submitted to the Board of State History Returned for corrections or additional information (see below) Rejected by staff (see below) === Evaluated by: Date: Julie Osborne 1/12/94 Checklist of items required for each nomination ~ Nomination form completed per National Register guidelines (Bulletin ill ifl Completed CLG approval letter (if located within an active CLG). U.S. Geological Survey map with location of the site marked in pencil. At least five, 35 mm color slides showing all sides of the structure and significant interior details. At least two, high-quality 7" x 10" full-frame, glossy, black-and-white, photographs with accompanying negatives. Photos should show principal facade and rear and/or side elevations. Name and mailing address of the property owner. Copy of all research materials. ~ ~ ~ ~ 16A). Comments (1) The completed CLG approval letter will be forwarded by CLG. (2) An original USGS map will be provided by Allen Roberts. 2 PHOTOGRAPHS & SLIDES ~HI rzo~~ MIl,~~ L..~H' I I UTf'rt t.oO~t~~ N~TH W~I L-~l-tl I<Ow~~ MIL.-L.. ~ I,.,~H I I UTfH ~~T e;,v~VATiON·... , -- ~ ~Ht ~~ M~~ ~II IJ.Tt-H ~~N'61 N-ti1Z-*~~T ~l ~~/'AlU6 \11~TO~lt MioW LJ\ - ~ - _. - - -- J..~I ~~M\L.~~ t:rSi 8LeJ~110N E I l-trt \ ~ \,CO~\ N6 MlLL$ tie. fZO\..t.a! M\\..~S ~v\H eu:Vf\TIOlJ ~ t..~ \ ~ ~ ~ -- <S' .J £r.I~ ~ b·. I:tV~ Oc:. l:~ll UTMt ,. Co c· tN~\O~ \.J\ ~ ~ . ~~ ~~ -1l -ii- ilia J .:. o.J t .::> - ~ ..) to.J \..81\ ~~ M\l.l.-S D~\~. 'W\J\Pl'\"-!:JT 1'7 .1 L.W\ ~us~ M\U"S me- ~ l\A~[~~,( tk~ I ,uT~tf ~ r ' LO ( ~'I Roller Mills, ca. 1910. ( ourf y II rm '1/ 1/ \ 0 1/.) 'J '-' t'11=1F.:CH 24, 1994 ) 1~ "-' I) LEHI ROLLER MILLS . 19·; 0 .' t·IAF.:CH 24, 1994 12 1. 1-: 11 1 I{ )I.LEI 0 11.1.. . \ '" t'lr:JF~CH I 24, 1994 C" oJ I H. s.) _ _ MAPS & DRAWINGS 4z.Q(}f/o t.14:··l lf57 0 Mapped, edited, and published by the Geological Survey * Control by USGS, NOS/NOAA, USSR and State of Utah GN Topography from aerial photographs by multiplex methods and by plane·table surveys 1922, 1927, and 1951 0.,,1 Polyconic projection. 1927 North American datum lO,OOO·foot grid based on Utah coordinate system, central zone 9 MILS Iof/li !,,:~,;, lOOO·meter Universal Transverse Mercator grid ticks, lone 12, shown in blue LEHI, UTAH Red tint indicates areas in which only landmark buildings are shown Revisions shown in purple recompilation of woodland areas compi led from aerial photographs taken 1969 and 1975 . This information not field checked N4022.5-W1114517.5 UTM GRID AND 1975 MAGNETIC NORTH DECLINATION AT CENTER OF SHEET .-------. .-------. 1000 H .-------.2' H H 0 .-------. 1000 E""---=3 2000 I ° 3000 1951 PHOTOREVISED 1969 AND 1975 AMS 3664 IV NE-SERIES V897 SCALE 124000 I QUADRANGLE LOCATION 4000 EE3=3:::::JE3===::eE3==ii::::::EE3=:3:=E3===::E0=======================i1 CONTOUR INTERVAL 20 FEET DOTTED LINES REPRESENT 5 FOOT CONTOURS NATIONAL GEODETIC VERTICAL DATUM OF 1929 KILOMETER RESEARCH NOTESIMISCELLANEOUS _ \ 'l ..i \o,.J • • : UTAH PRESS ASSOCIATION Clipping Service [phone] NEW UTAH LINDON EDITION -., '-" ,j i GETTING OUT ~'I{'.;''! "....' . .i ;i .• ,c, Lehi Rbller Mills has been grinding since '.t906 -~' i public, visitors are .. welBy liNDA BUTLER The Lehi Roller Mills come and there is a wonhas been a prominent part derful retail store which of the local landscape since sells a number of Lehi 1906, when it first began to Roller Mills' products. The mill flour, "Roller" refers to newly remodeled shop is the large steel rollers especially ,colorful during which grind the wheat into the holiday season, flour. These steel rollers A special .treat is the . were a great tecluiological taste samples' of various advance over grinding . Lem Roller Mills products. stones, which had been We sampled their rich used to grind grain since Double Fudge Brownies and their delicious ancient times. The Lehi Roller Mills Raspberry Muffins. These now grinds about 100,000 and other mixes are availpounds of flour and grain able for o-purchase at the' retail store, ", . products a day, . A visit to the mill's Web "We grind 30 different kinds of flour," says Cory site before visiting the mill Jensen, marketing direc- will help your family bettor, Many residents are ter understand the milling likely to be familiar with - process. "The ;Web site, ' consome of the mill's products www.lehimill.com. - Germade, Turkey brand tains over a dozen photoflour, and Turkey Red graphs arid descriptions of Wheat, The mill itself, is the milling process. The listed on the National steps of cleaning, separatHistoric Register, ing, and grinding the The Lehi Roller Mills is wheat are described: A fun way to top off your .an impressive sight when seen from the freeway, it is trip to the Lehi Roller even more interesting Mills is to bring home a when seen up close. The sack of _ their famous silos and storage facilities Turkey brand flour and are enormous, and it isn't bake a batch of homemade hard at all to imagine ton bread. The· Lehi Roller after ton of wheat b,e ing Mills is· open to visitors milled and processed into from 9 a,m. to 6 p,m " Photo by Linda Butler flour, Monday through Saturday. For more information, visit tours of the While Cory Jensen shows some of the flour which is ground milling operation are not their Web site or phone at the Lehi Roller Mills. currently available to the 768-4401. r: ------.----.'- .-----. __.; \ HISTDRIC:~ - (Continued rrom Page 24) quested its use to display their collection of pioneer relics. In 1946. the building was dedicated and became part of a pioneer -memorial park. In 1980. the Old Bell School was accepted by the National Heritage Foondation as a historic site. The building houses relics and pictures of early Pleasant Grove pioneer resideQts. A little log cabin. originally built in the city park. was moved and placed south of the school buildings to become part of the park . • Camp Floyd/Fairfield. Highway 73. Fairfield. In 1858. due to federal apprehension over losing the territory of the Deseret. the army marched toward Salt Lake City under the command of General Johnston. tbe city was deserted except for men stationed at strategic _posts with torches ready to set fire to the city if the army should stop there. tbe foundation for the Mormon temple was refilled to resemble a plowed field when the troops passDailv Herald Photo/Patrick J . Krohn ed by. The troops headed straight In 1905 the shere holders of the Lehl Mill and would become the Lehi Roller Mills. It was the scenes in Paramount Picture's blockbus-through Salt Lake City without Elevator Company invested 520.000 In what made famous when it was used for many of ter movie, "Footloose." stopping and selected Fairfield as a permanent post. June of 1959. the commissary delivery system was created to in- was invented. messages could be built this two-story adobe and Camp Floyd was established building has been restored and the crease the speed of mail delivery to sent by wire, eliminating the need frame hotel and inn now kno wn as and named for Secretary of War cemetery has been rehab ilitated the frontiers of the West. Light, for the Pony Express. Stagecoach Inn. Here his family John B. Floyd. Between 300 and and markers for 84 gravelObf sol- lough young men were hired to • Stagecoach Inn. highway 73 , lived and operated a hotel for trav400 buildings were erected. In diers and officers have been placed ride the best and fastest horses live miles south of Cedar Fon, elers until 1947. The inn lodged 1861. the army was called out of there. money could buy . Fairfield. The inn was an over- such visitors as Mark Twain. PorUtah and buildings were burned or • Pony Express Trail. highway There were 80 riders who wore night stop for weary travelers ter Rockwell. Bill Hickman and otherwise razed. tbe commissary 73 through Fairfield. The Pony bright red shirts. blue pants and along the Overland and Pony Ex- Sir Richard Burton. It was restored building and cemetery were the Express was open from 1860 to carried a small brass hom to signal press Trail. In 1855. one of Fair\ooly things left standing. Since 1861. The horse-and-rider mail their arrival. When the telegraph field's founders. John Carson. (Seem!TORIC~ ) UTAH PRESS ASSOCIATION Clipping Service [phone] PROVO DAILY HERALD ./~H-IS-T-O--RI-C-• -I'\:-r-b--ch-ro-no-10""gi-Ca-1-or-de-r,-s-hO-W-ing-th~ \ development of Utah an. ( • Kearns Hotel, 94 W . 200 v (Continued Crom Page 25) by the Utah State Park and Recreation Commission and dedicated in 1964. • Nonh Park, 500 N. 500 West, Provo. Provo was settled by Mormon pioneers in 1849 and in 1850 a second pioneer fort was built where the park now slands. It was here that senlers were threatened with .massacre by Chief Walker and his band of Indians. The park stands as a reminder of Provo's hi story with a Pioneer Museum and Pioneer Village on its grounds. It is sponsored by the Sons and Daughters of the Utah Pioneers. !he museum houses two log cab~ ms, a one-room school, barn , blacksmith shop and other relics from Provo's ea rly settlers. • Provo Town Square. Unive rsity A venue and Center Street. Provo . These commercial buildings were the core of the business community which sprang up on the "East Side" in the 1890s. Most buildings date from that decade. The large red building with the clock, the Knight Block, was built in 1900 by Jesse Knight. To the east is the Gates & Snow Furniture Co. with one of Utah 's best pressed tin fronts. On the northwest corner is the former Zion's Bank, in a building that was originally the Bank of Commerce. Immediately west is a row of period store fronts . • Historic Utah County Counhouse, 51 S. University Ave. , Provo. Built of Manti limestone in the 1920s, it is one of the grandest buildings in the state. It's wonh a walk inside, as the classical detailing an work and massive scale of the building's interior are outstanding. ' • The Provo Tabernacle 100 ~~ University Avenue. p'rovo. Sull In use for LOS stake conferences, this stately house of worship seats 2~OOO and was built in 1883. !he ~rlck work , stained glass and mtenor woodwork are as remarkable as are the mellow tones of its fine organ. The stained glass windows were acquired and built in about 1916. • Daughters of Utah Pioneers ~useum . 17~ S: M.a in . SpringvIUe. The bUlldmg IS regi stered with the National Heritage Foundation . It was built in 1920 as a Carnegi~ Heritage Building and was Sprmgville 's first established hbra.ry. The building has been refurbished and is used as a museum . It hous~s mementos from the pion,e ers In.eluding pictures of the onglnal p,oneer group. The collectIOn also includes clothing . furnitur~. handwork. organs and musical Instruments . • Springville Museum of An 126 E. 400 South, Springville : ThIS IS Utah 's oldest mu seum for the fine ans . Designed by Claud S Ashwonh, thi s Spanish Coloniai Rev1\al -style building was completed m 1937 as an an museum A two-story wing was added in 1964 The mu seum documents Utah 's an from pioneer days. There are nine permanent galleries that display . bout · 275 pieces; arranged in South , Springville. The historic Kearns Hotel, built in 1892 as a residence and converted into a hotel in 1909, has reopened its doors. The decor and turnishings are set in the Victorian era. The hotel is on the Historical Register and also won the 1991 Utah Heritage Foundation Award for Historical Preservation. • Mapleton Town Square, intersection of Main Street and Maple Street, Mapleton . In the center of MaplelOn is the historic town square. Dominating the square is the LOS ward building constructed in 1941 , the oldest standing church in Mapleton. The park , developed in 1945, is bordered by the town hall built in 1910 as a social hall. Included in the historic center are several pioneer homes showing various architectural styles . • Peteetneet Academy, 10 South Petectneet Bouleva rd. Payson. The Peteetneet Academy. named after a Ute Indian chief. is <.I historicallandmark in Payson. The community of Payson was originally named Peteetneet Town , The academy was erected in 190 I. The building was abandoned in 1988 by the school district and preserved by a group of concerned citizens who banded together and formed a non-profit organization called People Preserving Peteetneet. Restoration began in 1988. The building houses an academy of the ans, an an gallery and a pictorial history gallery. • Chietain Museum, 100 S. 100 West, Santaquin . This museum was originally a school house built in 1903 . Abandoned by the school district, it was converted into a museum by Florence Lamb and . Donna Bott in 1988. ~veralLeh! bu~lding~ r~t~National of'Histori'c Places',-~tatuso-,-:~ ·1871-89: ·~ Ir.....---.....--:------~------;.;..----....;....;....;..-"!-! '7;Z Leh...berFinancially linked with a nUrnof leading Utah institutions, is best known as General ' Yesteryears Cutler Manager ofthe Utah Sugar Company from 1889-1917. He purchased (CHARD VAN WAGONER ' e National Register of Histor" cesi.theofficiallistofhi5torie ' rlies recognized by the Feder- ! . . vemmentasworthyoCpreser- ' n for their national, .tote "'" : significance in American his- : ' architecture. archeology,engi- ' ng and culture. . by the State Review Committee, aintained by'the Secretory of the nomination is sent to the Na:1.tenor underprovi.ion.ofth~ tiona) Park Service in Washington; ,nal Historic Preservation Act D. C. for final approval. '66, the program is part of': . Some examples ~fNational Reg.nal policy to coordinata and .sters.tes10 Utah mcJudeTemple ortpublicand privateeffortsto Square.m Salt Lake C.ty! I:T0mon:ify, evaluate and protect <KD;!- tory Pomt! ~e Tinbe Mmm!! D.stralandnaturalreeources. -,.I" ~t~ndTimpanogosCaveHlstonc IteoNationa! Regieter program- Diltrie.t. . :ahi.administeredbythePreoLeh. boasts two resIdences on tion Office of the Utah Stote the register: the . Thomas Cutler orieal Society, which ave...... Mansion 050E. State), and the nomination p....-a of proper- Thomas Au~tm h~me (427 E. 500 to the National R.cister. Sites ~,), ,?ther hsted h.stoneal properlaminated to the N.tienal Reg- bea ,nclude the H. B. MelTthew . by intereSted. individuals or Drugstore, the Memorial Building. 'ps and are preSented first on the Old Fifth Ward Meetinghouse, state level to the Governor's and most recently the Leh. Roller .ural and Historic Sites Review Mms and the Utah Southern Rail lmittee. road De.pot. )ocumentationora site's signifEnghshman Thomas R. Cutler, ce requires photographs, his- born in 1844, came to Lehi in 1865. ~al research, and an analYSIS of A merch ant by trade, ,he served as . ,hysical appearance. Ifendorsed manager of the People. Co-<>p from this Lehi property from ,. Brjggs in 1878 and erected a seven-, roam adobe dwelling. . Construction on the $35,000 15- .: roo:m Cutler Mansion, possibly de..-: signed by architects Ware and '!'reganza, began in 1900 and was . completedinearlYI901.FromApril- · October 1914 the home was thi ;' Reltue Inn (Cutler spelled back" ,.: ,wards). It was then purchased bl '~ Dr. Frederick Worlton who main ,~ tsinedthe LehiHospital thereuntil'-! 1927. Wallace and Arlene OlsellS:< purchased the home (Lehi's larg~ until recently) from the Worltoil.'::I family in 1958. 1Y;:j Th om as Austin and severa'1 ~ brothers fonned Austin Brothers," ~ i>henomenally sucCe •• fulsheepan~ ,; . cattle business. The wealthy mm! ~ built his ornate home in 1901. F... · i . many years after Austin's death U",' : home was an apartment house. We. and Gern.Jcline Dalley have The Lehi Roller Mills, shown here in 19(5, was rece~t1y officially listed on the National been restonngthls wonderful home ' Register of Historic Places. . -See YESTERYEARS on Page 4, . Ulpptng ))et'l'ia (SOl) 328-8678 LEHI FREE PRESS ~:':Y~sterY~a.rs · : ': ,~: - .. nZ . A recent reconnaissance survey .'. .. . forthe p..t two cIecadeo. The hOWle ' shaped meetinghouse, the building t ofthecOmmunity,sponsoredbythe" Preservation Commis·;· Historical w.. th• .tte of ...veraI_nei in the plan was designed by Brigham 1987 movie, Promiad lAnd. .Young's grandsons, architeCts sion,hasidentifiedmanyLehihomeaand commercial buildings which are InAuguat 1900 lacal pharmacist Willard and Don Carlos Young. H. Bert Merrihew, graduate of the The.structure was aold to Lehi significant enough to be listed on the National Register. The Histori· Des Moinee, Iowa, Highland Park City Corporation in 1979. City offic· College of Pharmacy, purchased a eo moved from the Memorial Build- cal Preservetion Commission plans corner Jot at 98 West Main from Ingintotheoldchurch.Thevacated , to continue working with property and local and steteofficials Heru:r J..,..,.. and began construe- mopel was remodeled into new city owners, to preserve Lehi's historical identi· tion of an elegant brick building for council chambers; while the down- . tv. hisdruptore. '1lroe two-etory, 3o. by · stein area became a new Senior 6O.foot Merrihiew Building, with Citizen. center. wan. four bricka thick, w.. com· Since the completion of the ad· plated In lata ' 1900. 'In 1901 ' ministration building and the new Meniheweonvarted the MCOnd ato- aeniorcitizenscentertheFifth Ward ryofthepw.intoalodgeroomfor Meetinghouse has had 'no perma· th.. Odd Fano •• and Modern nenttennant. Anerahesteddebate . Woodmen of the World fratemal between preservationists and oth· orders. era, a decision on the building's fu· From 1919-53 the Stete Bank of ture was indefinitely tabled by the Lehi oocupled the Merrihew Build· city council. The Lehi Roller Mills, built in lug. During 19U-64 the facility was home to Julian's Drug; the Julian 1905&1 agri.tand flour mill, is our ' family lived In the second·.tory town'. moat distinctive landmark. apartment. The Leonard Rockwell The long·term prosperity ofthemill familyownedthebuildingfrom 1964 can be linked to the management of until 1973 during which time they the Robinson family, who have resided in the Meond·&tory living :. owned the facility since 1910 and quarters. The downataira commer- the success of the dry fann wheat cial unitaervedas temporaryquar· ' raised in Cedar VaDey. ters for the Lehi Post Office (1965) The picturesque structure has and as JoAnn Zimmerman's "Jo's l become a popular haven for artists. Fashions,"ahairatylingsalao(l966- The mill has been immortelized in 7.2). ' '" .' . , '- '---'-'j pencil, ink, watercolor, and oil. by WeeandJerryDal\eyhaveowned dozen. of artistS. The building's the hiatorIc atructnre since April , greateet acclaim, however, was its 1973 and _re reeponsilile for get. selection &I the backdrop for many ting the property liatsd on the Na· •. of the soenes in Paramount'. 1984 tiona! Register. Theyhaveoperated blockbuster movie, FootJ"""". several busin_ on the premiae The Utah Southern Railroad .during their ownership. Depot, erected in 1873 near the The Lehi Solelien', Sanora, and ' intersection of 2nd E. and State, is Maiinea'MemOrialBuil~~~)"'!!"iblY Utah'. old~t remaining by Lehi.C ity Corporation; will oOoIj, railroad building, andcertein\y'one become the n,e . home ofth"~ of the olcieat ~g railroad deHutchlngsM....bhi!'rllic:ream-coI. pots in the weafem'tlnited Ststes. orad building, with clecorative fea- ' ,When the facility closed in 1973, turea and openingw characteriatric ' after acenturyofyeoman service to of the Spanish·miasion style of ar- the community, Jerry and Annette chitacturew.. erec:tecI during 1919· . Harris purchased it and moved it to 26. their property at 813 N. 150 E. Like other civic: buildings in La- where it remain. today. hi's history, the Memorial Building The LehiHistoricalPreservation hAS served a wide variety of public Commission i. in the process of intereeta. Initially. however, archi· purchasing the railroad depot on tecteWalterE.WarelUldAlbertoO. behalf of Lehi City Corporation. Tregan::a deeigned the facility to Future plans call for relocating the serve ... Lehi CityHall,aCarnegie building to ita original site, restor· Library, and a two-.tory Memorial ing it, and establishing a tl'anspor· Hall to honor local war veterans. tation theme museum to be man· The Old Fifth Ward Meeting· aged by the Hutchings Museum. If house, adjacent to the Lehi City all goes well the area surrounding Administration Building, waserect- the depot will become a roadside ed in 1928. One of the few remain· park, a green area to enhance that !ng examples in America of the U· area of town. Continued from front page l' SEP G,. 1991 t'TAH PRESS ASSOCI.<\. TI()~ Clipping Sen'ice Phone: [phone] LEHI FRFF -' , r.~ Yesteryears: .Lehi Roller Mills I I ,I This photo of the Lehi Roller Mills was taken in 1,9 13, five years after the facility opened. Roller Mills is ;Lehi star (,.-: By RICHARD VAN WAGONER -, L'e t -.J. .l! S t,e' , e ars Lehi can rightly claim two movie h·'~ · 'ry ' stars of its own (reported sightings , _ ofElvis and Tom Selleck don't count). • _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ Wilford Brimley, now constructinghisnewranchnorthwestoftown, starring Kevin Bacon and Lori Mill Pond in 1856. That plant was ; has starred in more than a dozen Singer,istheimprobablestoryofan demolished in 1890 to make way for films including "The China Syn~ American town that has banned the Lehi Sugar Factory. For nearly drome," "Tender Mercies,""The qancing and popular music. A new IS years afterwards, Lehi farmers Natural," "Cocoon, "and "Stone Boy," teenager (Bacon) moves into town, had to haul their grain to American my personal favorite. , A distin- falls in love with the minister's Fork for milling. - -_, ; , _ . , guishedpitchman for Quaker Oats, daughter (Singer), and leads the . After considerable effort by the ,Brimley will soon be starring in a ' fight against the dance ban. Lehi Commercial Club, our town's new television series, "The Boys of . The ?ancing in the m.ovie was first boost;.er 0z:ganizati~n, the June Twilight," which.will be filmed this energetIc, the Kenny Loggms sound 22, 1905,. LehI Banner" announced, fall in Park City anQ Heber. H:ac~ wrIiPc, .pqt th~ 80_-y~a.r ()ld th.at ~hlwas to have a-ne~ flo.ur 1 , ' ! - , Our- ptheFclumin-ar.y~otthe'-silvet""," ,,~hi Rolledwl!sts.QuptQwn,,s,-most mlfl withmodeUl p~ t~trulnd.eqU1p: -~1J screen is none other than the Lehi distinctivelaadmark, was the true ment." _r, ,·t Roller Mills selected as the back- star of the show, a scene stealer of Stockholders of the Lehi Mill & I drop for m~ny of the scenes in the first magnit~de. ., Elevato~ Company, who ~nvested Paramount's 1984 blockbuster The roller mIlls was not Lehl s $20,00010 thenewventure,mcluded movie, "Footloose." first flour mill. That distinction goes the People's Co-op, Lehi MercanThe film, produced 'by Dan tl) the Mullinergrist mill which was tile, Racker Mercan ' Thomas R. < Melnick,directedbyHerbRoss,and built on the southwest end of the STER age 2 ) I" f~rm only be registered to homesteaders willing - ana are joined on the sides so as to a C ler, G. N. Child, John Y. Smith, James to file on a quarter section. This discour- fifth compartment that has a capaCIty of H. Gardner, Henry Lewis, John Roberts, aged most of the group· ,and the idea of 3,000 bushels all completely rodent- and D vis Smith, Thomas Webb, Thaadeus forming a co-op was abandoned. fire-proof. TheTurkeyRedandPeacockB~andlogo_s, P well,GeorgeWebbandMathiasKnudsen. Although a land co-op was not formed, The site for the -mill was selected on many Lehimen filed on Smoot Homesteads, colorfully pamted on the east SIde oftlie aStMain Street on the sugar factory spur as the land parcels were called, ushering in concrete silos have ~na Lehi tradition for of the 'Union PaCific Railroad (the sugar , the age of dry farming in Utah.County. By nearly eight decades: ": . factory was a mile 'further'down the line). 1907 the Lehi Mill & Elevator Company had The white cotton flour bags, on whIch the The contract for th.e_mill's·machinery was changed its name to the Lehi Roller Mills ' TurkeyRedandPElacockBrandstencilwere -let to theWolfCom,eany of Chambersburg, and was storing and processing virtually all displayed,. for many y~ars served ~ r~­ Penn., the largest sii'ppliers ofmill machin- the grain grown in the area. spectable Items of cloth1Og and bedd10g I,ll ery in the United States. - , " In those early days the plant had to town. Turkey Red aprons, Peacock :ableThis equipmentj ncluded- fo'uI-sets_of regularly advertize for grain. "Wanted-- cloths, Turkey Red sheets, Peacoc:k pIl!owdouble rollers, one;:washer, two purifiers, · 5000. bushels of wheat at 75cperbusheland ' cases, and Turkey Redunderwear were .tworeels 'one clea~ ,one dust roller one any amount of barley at 85c per cwt(hun- fashionable items of-thepast. gyrator,o;'e's eparai5( and one bran du'ster.dred weight)" was a typical ad ofthe day in . After George G. Robinson's 1936 ~eath The three-story-high building, with its 1907. hIS sons Sherman and Ra:rnond ~bmson multitude of cables, belts, and whirring On Aug. 25, 1909, Giles & Giles leased continued to operate the mIll. DunngWorld machinery, was initIally powered by a fifty- the business and hired William Leffler as yvar II all the flour milled was sold to the horsepower motor. Under the management miller. This was only a short-te~ arrange- _- government for th: war effort. , - R.Sherman Ro?IDson, George G. s gr.andof Parry and Franck, the first sack of flour ment, however, as George G. Robmson soon was produced on April 2, 1906. Full daily assumed the lease. son, who had been taught to run the mIll by capacity of 60 to ;70 bushels was soon Robinson, from the age of 16 to 19, ap- his father, became the man~ger of the famL ' . prenticed as a miller with his father in ily-owned mill in 1980. ' achieved. . The immediate~ticcess of the, mill re- Delaware. He moved to American Fork in "Ideal now withfarmerswhose grandfaquired that an addition be built in May December 1890 and became employed in thers dealt with my grand~llther," Sherm is 1906. And when the directors met later that his uncle W.D. ("Damn-it-to-hell Bill") fond of saying. But it-has only been made summer on July 30, they decided to im-me- Robinson;s flour and grist mill. possible because ofthe Robinson's efforts to -diatelyerect an elevator with a ' For eight years he was the miller at continually upgrade. their busin~ss. ' Chipman's Flour Mill before leasing the In the l~te 19?Os It ~~me eVI~ent that capacity-of 10,000 bus!1els. . The long-term prosperity ofthe mill tta~ belii RoUe.r. Mills in 1~09. . , ., -,,~ , inqtder to sta)' 10 the mIlhng busmess the' largely been linked the success ofthe dry In lQ10 J~C!biiisoi1 p.u~ased ~h~inill ~hiRoller ¥jlls would have. to undergo· ' farm wheat raised in Cedar Valley. ' . from theeo-op i111d within three years had . Gomplete retoo110g and eXpanSIOn. Accord, The first local interest in dry farming begun an extensive modernization project. ingly the Robinsons instigated a thorough was raised in 1905 when Dr. John A. Widtsoe The mill was enlarged and its milling ca- modernization process installing imported gave a: leCture on the topic. . _ pacity increased from 75 to '110 barrels Swiss milling equipment that v.:hen comIn 1906 Congress pas~ -a bill opening . daily. pleted in 1985 increased productIOn capacthe Fort Crittenden (Camp Floyd) Military , . The Turkey Red Wheat-grown,in Cedar ity to 60,000 bushels a day. Reserve to private ownership. On July 30, Valley then and now is'considered superior ' The 1990 completion of a new warehouse 1906, a large numberofLehi men met in the to any other dry farm wheat grown in the . increased their storage capacity to 100,000 Primary School building to discuss "arid area because of its high percentage of glu- . bushel.s. ' . . ... farming." Bishop Andrew Fjeld acted as ten. . WhIlet~e~hI!Wlle:.MIlls,I~m~us!nes~ chairman of the group. Since Robinson purChased theLehi Roller to make whole wheat flour, bleached and After discussing how to obtain land par- Mills this wheat has been the plant's main- unbleached white flour, cracked wheat cecels, the price of planting and fencing, a vote stay. By World War I he had built up a. , real,andgermade(creamofwheat)cereal, was taken to organize a co-op to dry farm on reputation for making superior flour that the picturesque structure has also become a large scale. A land-selection committee no other miller could touch. He gradually a popular haven for artists. The mill has - was appointed which cons'i sted of A. J. secured the high-grade-baker's trade ofSalt been immortalized in pencil, ink, waterE¥ans, G. L. Stookey, Henry Lewis, Peter Lake City and was thus able to pay a high color, and oils by dozens of artists. -Schow and G. N. Child. Their objective was price for local wheat. · We locals are immensely proud of the to travel to Cedar Valley and select 5,000In 1915 Robinson contracted with the Lehi Roller Mills, not only for its resplen6'000 acres of land for the co-op. ' Birrell Engineer Company to construct a dent appearance, but for its ~emarkable During-the Aug. 6, 1906, dry farm meE;!t- 43,000-bushel capacity grain elevator. Four record of 86 years of commercIal success. iog-the committee reported that ~hi.le there concrete silos, 10 feet in diameter, rested on One of only four hundred functioning flour was ample land in Cedar Valley It could a concrete base 41-feet 8-inches square and mills in the country today, the plant oper. '. : 6 feet deep. ates six days a week with a staff of 15 fullThe four silos each hold 10,000 bushels and part-time employees. clntiilued from front page to ~ OMB No. 1024-{)() 18 liPS Form 1().900 (A""· _ I U~i;ed States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Registration Form This form is for use in nominating or requesting determinations of eligibility for individual properties or districts. See instructions in Guidelines for Completing National Register Forms (National Register Bulletin 16). Complete each item by marking "x" in the appropriate box or by entering the requested information. If an item does not apply to the property being documented, enter "N/A" for "not applicable." For functions, styles, materials, and areas of significance, enter only the categories and subcategories listed in the instructions. For additional space use continuation sheets (Form 1(}"900a). Type all entries. 1. Name of Property historic name LEHI ROLLER MillS other names/site number o not for publication 2. Location street & number city, town state Utah vicinity county 3. Classification Ownership of Property Category of Property [iJ building(s) ogprivate D public-local D public-State D public-Federal code Utah Number of Resources within Property ContribiJting Ddistrict Dsite Dstructure DObject J Noncontributing 1 buildings _ _ _ sites _ _ _ structures _-::-_ objects _...;:;1:..-_ Total 1 Name of related multiple property listing: zip code · 84043 049 Number of contributing resources previously listed in the National Register _-,._0_ __ N/A 4. State/Federal Agency Certification As the designated authority under the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966, as amended, I hereby certify that this D nomination D request for determination of eligibility meets the documentation standards for registering properties in the National Register of Historic Places and meets the procedural and professional requirements set forth in 36 CFR Part 60. In my opinion, the property meets does not meet the National Register criteria. See continuation sheet. D 0 D Signature of certifying official Date State or Federal agency and bureau In my opinion, the property 0 meets D does not meet the National Register criteria. Signature of commenting or other official D See continuation sheet. Date State or Federal agency and bureau 5. National Park Service Certification I, hereby, certify that this property is: LJ entered D D o in the National Register. See continuation sheet. determined eligible for the National See continuation sheet. Register. determined not eligible for the National Reg ister. D 0 removed from the National Register. (explain :) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ I i other, Signature of the Keeper Date of Action D.3 6. Function or Use Historic'Functions (enter categories from instructions) Agriculture/Subsistence: processing (flour mill) Current Functions (enter categories from instructions) same 7. Description Architectural Classification (enter categories from instructions) Other: vernacular (classical) Materials (enter categories from instructions) foundation walls roof other ______--:-_______ Brick , metal, wcx:x1 ~S~t~o~n~e~ Metal Add i t j ODS of mncrete wcxx1, metal, Describe present and historic physical appearance. ~ See continuation sheet D.4 Continuation Sheet, Section 7 Physical Description The Lehi Roller Mills is a complex of several structures including the first, primary mill, a tall, brick and frame building on the north side of the east end of Main Street, plus supporting grain elevators, mechanical structures, warehouses and offices. Typical of this building type, the Lehi Roller Mills has an organic, heterogeneous architectural appearance, the result of many additions and chances needed to keep the operation modernized and growing. The expansion of the milling facilities from 1905 to the present is apparent from old photographs and Lehi's Sanborn insurance maps which show the regular updating and expanding of the structures, reflecting the corresponding refinement of milling procedures. Each major improvement, beginning with the 1905-06 brick mill, remains in place to document the character-defining evolutionary process of mill construction. Still the centerpiece of the Lehi Roller Mills is the original three-story brick structure with heavy timber, post-and-beam interior framing and a gabled roof. The original twoover-two windows, corbeled cornices and circular gable windows remain, as do the shed roof canopies over the south and east loading docks; the frame, gabled roof monitor, and the north, 14,000-bushel frame crib extension, all additions made shortly after initial construction. The four 38-foot tall grain elevators, built of six-inch concrete walls in 1914, are intact and painted brightly with historic advertisements of the mill's most popular products, Turkey Red and Peacock flour. Together, these concrete capped, cylinder-shaped structures have a storage capacity of 45,000 bushels. As described in the history herein, other lesser frame, concrete and metal structures have been either attached to the original mill or built free-standing, among them the one-story, brick, gabled receiving building east of the main building along the D&RGW railroad spur. The last major addition was the three-story frame and gambrel-roofed warehouse built to the west in 1990. Although recent, this later structure is architecturally compatible in type, form, materials and color to other Utah mills generally and the Lehi Roller Mills in particular. Although the mill's machinery has undergone numerous modernizations, the interior architecture of the 1905-06 building, along with some of the original separators, dusters, cleaners and gyrators, remain intact. Their origins are apparent from the old style lettering across the fronts announcing the type, brand, manufacturer and location of the each machine. The mill is electrically powered as it has always been, and continues to employ its original roller mill technology for converting wheat to fine flour. The 36-foot tall main mill contains five levels of operations within its three-story shell due to maximizing the basement and gabled attic for machinery spaces. The mill has undergone visual changes but these are not intrusive given that many were made early-on and were essential to maintaining the complex's original and still current use. Each of the improvements and additions have both maintained and enhanced the mill's physical character and function. 8 . Statement of Significance Certif'l'ing oHicial has considered the significance of this' property in relation to other properties : nationally statewide [19 locally o 0 0 Applicable National Register Criteria IX] A Criteria Considerations (Exceptions) DAD B 0.1 Sign ificance AgrlCUl ture Areas B [iJ cOO 0 cOO 0 (enter categories from instructions) E CJ F D G Period of Significance Significant Dates 1905 1905-194'3 1905-1943 Cultural AHiliation N/A Significant Person N/A ArchitecUBuilder Wolf canpany (milling machinery) State significance of property, and justify criteria, criteria considerations, and areas and periods of significance noted above. The Lehi Roller Mills is locally significant as Lehi I s first and only m:x1ern roller process canrerc.:i.al f'10llr mill. Built at the behest of the Lehi Ccmrerical Club, a group of' local bqo~.ters., and f'inanced by the; Lehi. Mill . and Elevator Ccrnpany, the mill was the f'irst of' its. type ;in the city and satj:;sfted a need for grain processing in a gro.ving ccmm.mity without a floUr mill. Cont;i.nuing today in its original use, the mill is also significant architecturally as one of tJ::le earliest and IIDst intact foexl processing plants of its type ;in Utah... Utilizing new teclmology such as electric rather than water pJWer, and steel rollers. rather than millstones. for grinding, the Lehi Roller Mills continues to us.e the ~ prQCes~.. pnd s('Jt)e of the ~ equipnent it began with originally When it . opened in 1906M Expanded over the years as operations grew and mcdernized, the mill also shays. the organic visual -ffiWression typical . in the architecture of this building ' type. [Xi See continuation sheet D.S LEHI NATIONAL REGISTER NOMINATIONS: HISTORICAL CONTEXT 1. Settlement and Town Building: 1851-1873 2. Coming of the Railroad: 1873-1881 3. Economic Diversification: 1881SETTLEMENT AND TOWN BUILDING: 1851-1873 Contradicting Frederick Jackson Turner's frontier thesis that the West was settled by individuals, the settlement of the Great Basin ' was largely accomplished by groups-communities of Mormon Saints. Lehi, Utah was one of a string of. towns established along the Wasatch front to establish and consolidate the church's strength in the most impressive colonizing efforts in the history of the movement west. Each decade between 1847 and 1867 the church founded one hundred new towns, solidifying the Mormon dominance of the region, and spreading the religion and lifestyle of the church throughout Utah territory. In advance of settlement, church president Brigham Young sent out exploration parties to survey the region and identify areas suitable for colonization. Apostle Parley P. Pratt led the first such venture into Utah valley in December 1847. His report favorably recommended the area and plans began the next year for the colonization of Utah valley. In March 1849 the first group of settlers camped along the Provo River, a few miles east of the present site of Provo, Utah. It was another year before settlers headed for the site of Lehi, a place early passed over because of the limited availability of water, a problem that would plague the community for the first several years. Nevertheless, within the year wheat, corn, potatoes, squash and other vegetables were planted and plans were made to divert water out of American Fork Canyon for an irrigation system. Regardless of early opinions to the contrary, Lehi's advantageous location on the road toward Provo and the east of the Tintic mining district made it a perfect spot for settlement. The settlers lived in makeshift cabins scattered along "Dry Creek." Eventually, it was deemed judicious to build a fort to secure the group against conflicts with local Native Americans. By the fall of 1853, sixty cabins had been moved to First South and Second West to form a seventy-five-rod square fort. During the early 1850s, Lehi's residents, like most of Utah's pioneers, struggled for survival and made do with what they had until they could plant crops and set up production of goods. Transportation costs made states goods particularly expensive, therefore, the people had to depend on what they could produce locally. Most townspeople lived in the fort until the late 1860s or area immediately surrounding it. Eventually, however, they moved out of the fort and constructed new homes, first of adobe because they were easily built without specialized skills and tools and after the 1870s of kiln-baked brick, stone, and logs. Soon, like many other rural Mormon towns, Lehi had wide dusty streets lined by ditches on both sides. These ditches functioned as irrigation canals and as well as the source of culinary water. Lehi's transformation from a temporary site on the road south to a more permanent and diversified town occurred gradually through the last few decades of the nineteenth century. Soon a variety of services were available to area residents. The communities first mill was constructed of adobe on the banks of the Jordan River south of the present site of the Lehi Roller Mills during the late 1850s. Within the decade saloons, boarding houses, and a variety of mercantile institutions lined Lehi's streets. COMING OF THE RAILROAD, 1873-1881 But the watershed event that changed Lehi's history was the coming of the railroad in 1873. The railroad altered the city and ushered in a new period of development. Most important, it established Lehi as an important trade and transportation hub in Utah valley. Lehi received an extra boon to growth when the Denver and Rio Grande Railway laid a line across the southern and western part of town in 1881. That same year, the Salt Lake and Western Railroad built a line through Lehi . Branching westward from the Utah Southern tracks, this line was used to transport freight from the Tintic Mining District. The place these two lines crossed was called Lehi Junction and eventually included numerous brickyards, a general store, assay offices, an artificial stone factory, a school, a Mormon meetinghouse and dozens of residents. Lehi developed two town centers--one located along Main Street between First East and Fifth West streets and the second along State Street--at the locations of the intersections of two major railroads. Besides the railroad depots themselves, the structures built at these junctions centered around the railroad: mercantile establishments, hotels, and houses provided services and a resting stop for travelers passing through and residents alike. ECONOMIC DIVERSIFICATION The 1890 Sanborn Map illustrates a substantial commercial area on the block between First and Second West along Main Street. Besides a People's Coop, these buildings included: Trane and Evans Mercantile, the Lehi Hotel, Lehi City Hall, Lehi Drug Store, Garff Mercantile, the Lehi Opera House, Harwood and sons Harness Shop, the Lehi Post Office, Dorton Brother's Grocery, an agricultural implement store, a bootmaker, a tinshop, a saloon, a barbershop, and the New West Academy (a private Congregationalist school). Clearly, by the end of the nineteenth century Lehi had become a community offering a growing variety of services, cultural amenities and businesses to satisfy local tastes. With diversification came designers, contractors, and craftsmen, improvements in building technology and a growing number of styles. Lehi's Utah Sugar Company was the town's first factory and premiere business after 1889. continuation Sheet, Section 8 LEHI ROLLER MILLS HISTORY Obtaining flour was a particular difficulty for those early settlers living outside of the Salt Lake valley,. It was necessary for farmers to either travel to Salt Lake mills with their wheat, return with flour, or have it ground in a variety of different ways varying from horse-powered mills to crude, make-shift mills with only partial equipment. Regardless, the process was costly, inconvenient and inefficient. The first mills built to remedy this deficiency were frequently erected quickly and were therefore, roughly crafted. Few of these earliest mills are extant. Utah County's first mill was built in Springville in 1851. This mill had two sets of burrs and a millwheel. By 1885, the mill had been remodeled and the mill atones. were replaced with the more up to date roller technology. Known as the 'New Process' when it was first introduced into Utah in the 1860, this new method of flour milling used metal rollers to grind wheat. Instead of working the wheat berry into a powder in one or two grindings, the wheat was broken up gradually by passing it in between rollers several times. The surfaces of the steel rollers were incised with parallel, equally spaced grooves with sharp edges for cutting the grain. Each set of rollers had a different pattern of grooves. With usually two pair of rollers to a cabinet, each pair achieved a finer grade of grinding as the wheat, passing from one set to the next, was gradually reduced to flour. Using currents of air and siftings between grindings, the flour was separated from the bran and middlings. The flour produced was called ·Patent· flour, a name still applied to the highest grade of refined flour.1 Roller milling dominated the flour industry after 1880 and impacted the design of both old and new buildings. Some existing mills were abandoned altogether, but others were adapted to fit the requirements of the new technology. These changes came at the same time that another significant advancement in milling technology became popular-the Leffel turbines. The Lehi Roller Mill was not the town's first mill. The Mulliner grist mill located on the southwest end of the Mill Pond was built in 1856. In 1890, the building was demolished and the site used for the Lehi Sugar Factory. For the next fifteen years, local farmers transported their grain to American Fork for processing. Lehi's boosters--the Lehi Commercial Club--promo~ed the idea of building a new mill in town in 1905. Stockholders in the new venture, organized as the Lehi Mill and Elevator Company, included the People's Coop, Lehi Mercantile, Racker Mercantile, Thomas R. Cutler, G.N . Child, John Y. Smith, James H. Gardner, Henry Lewis, John Roberts, Davis Smith, Thomas Webb, Thaddeus Powell, George Webb, and Mathias Knudsen. The site chosen by the group for the mill was on East Main Street on the spur of the Union Pacific Railroad that ran by the sugar factory. The Wolf Company of Chambersburg, Penn. contracted for the mill machinery which included four sets of double rollers, one washer, two purifiers, two reels, one cleaner, one dust roller, one gyrator, one separator, and one bran duster. Continuation Sheet, Section 8 The three story original building had machinery powered by a fifty-horsepower motor. After its opening in April 1906, the mill met with such immediate success that one month later the company built its first addition . That summer the company erected a 10,000 bushel capacity grain elevator {,a similar-looking three-story structure to the north with matching roof, six-over-six windows and monitor:..::rhat 5UFI9F1ger tAOGompany alsQ~ ~t capacity-§FaiR ele\latGf nertfl-QUbe main mill hllilding., By 1907, the company's name had changed to the Lehi Roller Mills, a business storing and processing virtually all the grain grown in the area. In August 1909, Giles and Giles leased the business and hired William Leffler as miller. George G. Robinson soon assumed the lease and assumed management of the business. Robinson had been in the milling business since he was apprenticed to a miller at the age of 16. In 1910, he purchased the mill from the coop and three years later began an extensive modernization effort through which the mill was enlarged from a milling capacity of 75 to 110 barrels per day. In 1915, Robinson hired the Birrell Engineer Company to construct a 43,000 bushel grain elevator and four concrete silos, 10 feet in diameter, resting on concrete bases 41' 8' square and 6' deep. The bright Turkey Red and Peacock Brand logos painted on the east sides of the silos have been local landmarks for decades. When Robinson died in 1936, his sons Sherman and Raymond Robinson assumed management of the mill . George's grandson, R. Sherman Robinson became manager in 1980. Under his direction, the Lehi Roller Mills again underwent modernization in 1985. As a result production capacity was increased to 60,000 a day. A new warehouse built in 1990 increased storage capacity to 100,000 bushels. In its earlier, more industrial years, several flour and knitting mills operated throughout northern Utah County, ranging in location from the mouth of American Fork Canyon on the east to sites along the Provo River on the west. All of these mills have been destroyed with the exception of the intact Star Flour Mill, a late-1880s roller mill in neighboring American Fork, and the Lehi Roller Mills, the subject of this nomination. lAllen Roberts, "The History of Flour Daughters of the Utah Pioneers, 1982, p. 24. Milling In Utah," Buildings along Lehi's Main Street Commercial district reflect the period of growth and prosperity between 1880 and 1920. The architectural styles of ' the brick buildings erected along this street during this three decade era include Victorian and NeoClassical Revival styles, as well as non-styled vernacular designs. Reacting to a slight decline in population at the turn of the century. Lehi's Commercial Club attempted to encourage new industries and social diversion including: the Lehi Mill and Elevator Company (1906); Mount Pickle Factory (1906); the Central Experimental Farm (1906); and the Lehi Waterworks (1907-09). Continuation Sheet, Section 9 BIBILCGRAPHY Lehi Sanborn Map s Lehi Free Press. 4 September 1911; 24 June 1992; 1 July 1992; 2 September 1992. "Lehi Roller Mills." Lehi, Utah : 1992. "Lehi Main Street Historic Commercial Business District Preservation Masterplan." Lehi, Utah: 1991 . Van Wagoner, Richard . Corporation, 1990. Lehi: Portraits of a Utah Town. Roberts, Allen. "History of Flour Milling in Pioneer Utah." Pioneers, 1982. Lehi, Utah: Lehi City Daughters of the Utah Roberts, Allen. ·Research Report on the Isaac Chase Flour Mill in Liberty Park, Salt Lake City, Utah." Daughters of the Utah Pioneers, 1980. 9. Major Bibliographical References [X] See continuation Previous documentation on file (NPS): D preliminary determination of individual listing (36 CFR 67) has been requested D previously listed in the National Register D previously determined eligible by the National Register D designated a National Historic Landmark D recorded by Historic American Buildings SuNey# _________________________________ D sheet Primary location of additional data: ~ State historic preseNation office D Other State agency D Federal agency D Local government D University DOther Specify repository: recorded by Historic American Engineering Record # _________________________________ CooperjRoberts Architects Flour Mill Research Archives 10. Geographical Data Acreage of property ______.....2'-'.c.:,8'-!7~ . '--_____________________________________________________ UTM References 1 1 1 1 Zone Easting A L.U C LLJ 1 ! I I I I 1 1 1 1 Northing 1 1 1 1 1 B LU II D LU I I I I I Zone D 1 I I Easting 1 1 I I I I 1':-7......I~1-,-I....1...--'--"--' Northing 1<--..1..1---1....1-,-I....1...-...:..1 --,-I- ' See continuation sheet Verbal Boundary Description Cam. 7.97 cbs. E & 14.45 cbs. S. of NW cor. of NE ~ of Sec. 16, T 5 S, R 1 E, SLM; E 6.72 chs; S-LY 4.21 chs.; W 7.40 chs., N 4.06 chs., to beg. D See continuation sheet Boundary Justification o See continuation sheet 11. Form Prepared By name/title .Allen D• . Roberts, architeet; organization HISTORY PIDJECI'S, Inc. street & number 202 300 N. city or town Salt lake City w:. Martha S. Bradley, historian date Aprl1, 1993 telephone (801) -355-5915 state _____0.=.-..=tan.:::=-=-.. . _ _ _ _ _ zip code 84103 D.6 UTAH STATE HISTORIC PRESERVATION OFFICE STRUCTURE/SITE IUFORMATION FORM ~ o ~ () u:: ~ w o Name of Propert.y: BURGENER-BOSS HOME Site No.: 49-WH-07-A-Bl.19,site 2 '"... . ",\ " Street Address: 102 West 100 . North, Midway..x', . Wasatch County, Utah, 84049 City, County: Current Ownership: x Private Public Local Public state Public Federal Name of historic district (if applicable): . Hap Name/Date: Heber City, Utah ;·;: tf~'~'·"/ \;':' ·:~· Tax " , .. ,' n: OM1 0149-0-Q19-Q34 OMI- 039-0-19-034 Legal Description (include acreage): Parcell: Beg 9.625 ch W of SE cor of NE 1/4. Sec. 34,T3S,R4E, SLM; W 2.5 ch; N 48'E 4.6 ch; -" S ' 89012'E 2.5 ch; S 48'W 4.58 ch to beg. Cont:" 1.15 Acres. Parcel 2: Lot 1 Blk 19, Midway Survey, Co~t.~ 0.8 acres. Total 2 en ~ ~ en..... r- W en ::> acre~ge: 1.95 acres Property Category ~ building~~~ st.ructure site ~ • __ object __ g Photo z o -++- farm Current Use: residence & farm condition ' Evaluation Alterations V excellent none eligible/ i'" good' potent.ially eligible ··X mi~or fair ' _ ineligible __ maJor __ out-of-period deteriorated moved ruins demolished t... Date g . slides: l'lto ....Z~ & Original Use: residence prints: 1216 historic: C/ff?f Research Sources ~ abstract of title ~ plat records/map ~ tax card & photo oo __. building permit sewer permit .2( Sanborn map~ONt) __ obituary index W ~ ::> () Drawings and Plans measured floorplan Historic American Building Survey )( site sketch map __ other: _ original plans available at: ~ __ city directories census records ~ biographical encyclopedias __ newspapers ~ city/county histories ~ personal interviews ~ Utah state Historical Society __ SLC Library __ BYU Library __ U of U Library USU Library ~ LOS Genealogical Library ~ LOS Church Archives BIBLIOGRAPHICAL REFERENCES (books, records. interviews, photos, maps, etc.) PLease see attached sheet . for .references: Researcher/Organization: C. Ray Varley Date:Jan/1991 .' 4 Building Style/Type: Greek Reyival/ Hall-Parlor, Cross Wing type ~ Wall Materh,l1(s): Frame (drop siding) w/some masonry int. ~ Number of associated outbuildings (L 5 No. Stories: __l_!s"--__ five and/or structures Briefly describe the principal building, noting additions and alterations and their GO dates, and associated outbuildings and structures. W o Please see attached sheet for DESCRIPTION 5 . .. Archltect/Bullder: ~ un k nown Date gj Write ~ GO 0 f . 1 880 Constcucbon: a chronological history of the property, focusing primarily on the original or principal owners & significant events. :r: Please see attached sheet for HISTORY 3'• BIBLIOGRAPHICAL REFERENCES: Under Wasatch Skies, Leslie S. Raty & the DUP, Deseret News Press, 1954. How Beautiful Upon the Mountains, William J. Mortimer, ed., and the DUP, Deseret News Press, 1963. Midway Second Ward and Midway Reflections, 1859-1989, Midway Second Ward, printed by the Community Press, Provo, Utah, 1990. An Historical Buildings Tour of Midway, Utah, Vol.I, by Marie Dalglelish and Verna B. Probst, published by the Midway Historical Commission and the Utah State Historical Society, 1990. Journal of Anna Elizabeth Burgener Abegglen Carlile, daughter of Andreas Burgener. Interview with Ruby Abegglen Boss, of Midway (who still lives in the Burgener/Boss home), the grandaughter of A. Burgener. Interview with Richard C. Tatton, great grandson of A. Burgener, of Midway, who was raised in the Burgener/Boss home (farm) and for the pase 25 years has been the care-taker and maintenance of the Burgener/Boss farm property. Use of 1888 photo of original A.Burgener home, owned by David L. Love, grandson of A. Burgener. 4. DESCRIPTION: The farm consists of six buildings: privy, smokehouse, chicken coop and been well maintained throughout the farm, including the grounds, are in ion. The farm has received several lence in appearance and gardening. will be described separately: a home, grainery, barn. All have years, and the excellent conditawards for excelEach structure The Home: is a one and one half story frame HallParlor and Cross Wing Ty pes and of Carpenter's GreekRevival Style, as originally built. Greek Revival features are: symmetrical principal facade, and gable ends with pedimented returns. The room now serving as the kitchen; one story at the north-east corner of the home; and the wall dormer windows at the main (south) second floor elevation, were added soon after the home was constructed, possibly in the late 1880's or early 1890's. A porch, now serving as a utility room, was added about 1940, and the red clay tile roof was added in 1948. The foundation is of local potrock. Exterior walls of the original structure are frame and of original lx8 drop siding, painted white. Windows are of wood, double hung and still retain the original glazing. Some non-operative wood shutters have been added on some of the windows. Three original low windows at the second floor level, just above the porch ridge line and below the roof eave at the south elevation, were removed when the wall dormers were added. The interior east-west cross wall is of masonry; the remaining interior walls are of wood frame with plaster finish. The floors are of wood plank and have been carpeted. The interior trim is original, and of very simple design, as is the rest of the home's detailing. The kitchen and utility rooms, which were added at two different times are frame with 1x6 drop siding. The two chimneys, which were at the gable ends at the east and west elevations have been removed. The ceiling heights are 8ft. at the first floor, and 7ft. 6in. at the second level, with sloping ceilings reflecting the relatively steep pitch of the roof's gabled slope. There are 272 sq. ft of floor area on the second floor, and 912 on the first, totaling 1,184 square feet. The Grainery: is a two-story structure of 510 square feet floor area on each floor. The south 18 feet is of 12 inch-thick pot-rock wallIs to a heighth of six feet. The north portion of the structure is of wood at both levels. The ground floor is of earth. The structure has a gable roof, with aluminum roofing and 1x 8 wood drop siding at the second floor levels. Two small frame entry portals are at the east elevation. The building is still in use, as a fruit cellar at the ground level, and for storage at the second level. 4. DESCRIPTION, CONTINUED: The Privy: is still operational. It is a "one-seater" and is of frame construction with 1x6 vertical siding. It has a typical shed roof, with wood shingle covering. It is 44 inches square. The Smoke House: is of six inch diameter logs, placed in the saddle style. It measures 6ft by 8ft and has a five foot eave height, with a gable roof of galvanized metal. It's interior floor is about two feet below ground level. The door is at the south elevation. It is still operable as a smoke house. It has apparantly been in operation since it's construction, about the time of the construction of the grainery, about 188S. The Chicken Coop: is a frame structure measuring 22ft-Sin by 40ft-Sin. It is covered with 1x8 drop siding and has a shed roof with an aluminum covering. It has an earthen floor. The coop was constructed c1920. The Barn: was constructed c188S, and is a frame structure measuring 40ft by 38ft-6in, with 1x8 vertical wood siding. It has a new aluminum lock shingle roof, with decorative, small, cupolas at each end of the roof's gable ends. It is a typical English barn with a loft, a gable roof at the high portion and a lean-to roof at the lower, south elevation. Wire-cut nails are visible throughout the structure. A new 8ft wide roll-up door has been added on to the west elevation near the north end of the two-story portion. It is in excellent condition. The Yard: There is a natural fresh-water spring on the property, emerging from the earth at the northern end of the pasture area, near the northern boundary of the property. The volume of flow from this spring was sufficient enough so that in the drought year of 1990, it generated enough water for the farm so that no water was taken from the Midway water system. One of the historic and unique features of the farm is the 18 inch wide by 36-to-40 inch high stone fence which stretches along the southern boundary of the property and returns up the east and west boundaries of the property for some 20 feet. It is of native "pot-rock" and was constructed in a most excellent workmanship manner, c1879, and built by Andreas Burgener as his home was being built. 5. HISTORY: The farm consists of two parcels of land, which are adjacent, but have different histories of acquisition. What I have called Parcel 1 is the rear or northern part of the farm where the pastures are located. The southern parcel contains all of the buildings, and is labeled as Parcel # 2. Andreas (sometimes spelled Andrew) Burgener came to Midway from Switzerland in 1874. His brother, Jacob had arrived in Midway a few years earlier. Evidently Andreas had asked his brother to look out for some land for him, and it is believed that Andreas even sent some money to Jacob for such purposes. The parcel of land which is parcel 2, was a part of a Patent Deed given to Probate Judge Abram Hatch by the Federal Government in 1872. This 120 acre parcel was subdivided shortly after into Lots and Blocks. Lot 1, Block 19 (Parcel 2) was first acquired by an early settler of Midway, Christian Schonley. On December 11, 1874, Andreas Burgener acquired Lot 1, block 19 from Schonley. He soon planned his farm and built what is known as the Grainery. He and his family lived in this structure while his home was being constructed. It was at this time, also, that he began to erect his "pot-rock" fence. In February of 1879 he added to his holdings by acquiring a parcel just to the north of his Lot 1, Block 19. He acquired this from another early settler of Midway, Ulrich Abegglen (Abeggian). There was evidently some dispute over this acquisition, involving some 66ft +-, because the parcel currently described in deeds and in the Wasatch County Recorder's office, record that on February 4, 1898, Burgener acquired the currently described parcel to the north of his originally acquired lot. The resulting 1.95 acres of land, along with the structures have been in the Burgener family and it's heirs continually since 1874 and the northern piece since 1898. Andreas died in November of 1933 and on March 22, 1935, title to the property was transferred to John F. Burgener, Alma A. Burgener and 5 others (relatives). On July3, 1936 Alma A. Burgener & wife transferred the two parcels to Conrad Boss. who had married Ruby Abegglen, a granddaughter of Andreas Burgener. Andreas had acquired a great deal of property in the area during his lifetime. On June 23, 1969, Conrad Boss (deceased) & wife, transferred title to Ruby Boss (his wife), June B.Tatton, Richard C. Tatton and Jay C. Boss. This latest group are the current owners, and Ruby and June still live in the home and operate the farm. The farm is still operational and in appearance is almost as it appeared in the 1890's. It is one of the few stillremaining family farms in the Heber Valley still in it's same size and in the same family ownership. EVALUATION SHEET National Register Nomination Utah Office of Preservation (.J& 14J.lw M~II~ Name of Property: JC1::> 6 · MtMV'-' County: L.-eLt:., 0t;ahCo. Address: City, '- ~ Evaluation, ~ ~ , Date: Approved by staff -- Submitted to the Board of State History ___ Rejected by staff (see below) ' G; J~ ~ ~ R~urned for cor~eet±>ons or additional information (see below) ~ ~ ~ An iA== Submi tted by: .~ ~ ~ ~ I ~cetu J2..J;>lI h:> Certified Local Government: ::LtadLu~ 4no. k.J2-- Evaluated by: Date: ~ '- '7 .1.£,.0,.'2 77 w,rtttr :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::;::::::;::;::::;::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::;::::::::::::::::::;::::::::;:::;::;:::::::::::;:::::;:::::;:;;;;;:::;:::::::;:::;;;:;;;;;;;;;;:;:;::;::::::':;::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::;;::::::;:;:;:;;::;:::::::;:::::::::::::::;:::;::::::;::::::::::;:::::;;:;;;;;;::::;::::::::::::::::::::;:::;;::::::::;:::;::::;::::::::::::::;:::;:;:;:::::::::::::::;:::::::::::;:;:;:;:::::::::::::::;:;::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: ~~f:~:;;Z each nomination Nomination form completed per National Register guidelines (Bulletin 16A). ~ , Completed CLG approval letter (if located within an active CLG). ~ ~ U.S. Geological Survey map with location of the site marked in pencil. ~ At least five, 35 mm color slides showing all sides of the structure and significant interior details. ~ At least two, high-quality 7" x 10" full-frame, glossy, black-and-white, photographs with accompanying negatives. Photos should show principal facade and rear and/or side elevations. ~ Name and mailing address of the property owner . ..)(. Copy of all Comments tf1; 1fL . If ~ ~a-Niiwl/~!J P?.,; ~ Ifi, (M~Pv.. I c,;,I,!.P! ~,en~!4 ~~~ JJffjf~ '!!~!tet ~.f?~~~~. - 6 l«C; r;;;r~;;;;als . at 0 (\DY1, •co-/l r)yJ£e, J IrAf¥1'5)' 1 k ·-W ~ lrv M,VIPi c&w-~f;G~~ {JJT.>1.lI£ 0-<"') .fW/e, ~ (~t.0- {\Nil) -;1)l,?,c{; ~Wv { af' ~ u~ t· jVv ~0 tW~vv {}f ~? ~1C4.JL VI/)",*~ ~ ~ ~l. '--~l; ~~ilJ- ~ ~ civAAdf\ llVO re.R.) -Htv(~ NPS Form (Aw. &-86) OM8 No. 1024-00 J8 1~900 - United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Registration Form This form is for use in nominating or requesting determinations of eligibility for individual properties or districts. See instructions in Guidelines for Completing National Register Forms (National Register Bulletin 16). Complete each item by marking "x" in the appropriate box or by entering the requested information. If an item does not apply to the property being documented, enter "N/A" for "not applicable." For functions, styles, materials, and areas of significance, enter only the categories and subcategories listed in the instructions. For additional space use continuation sheets (Form 10-9OOa). Type all entries. 1. Name of Property historic name other names/site number LEHI ROLlER MILlS 2. Location count 3. Classification Ownership of Property Category of Property [Xl building(s) Ddistrict Dsite D structure Dobject DSprivate D public·local D public-State D public-Federal / /'./ Na~lated <If. Number of Resources within Property ContribiJting 1 _ _ _ structures 1 multiple property listing: / ' Noncontributing 1 buildings _ _ _ sites _-::-_ objects _...;;;l,--_Total Number of contributing resources previously listed in the National Register .0 State/Federal Agency Certification As the designated authority under the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966, as amended , I hereby certify that this D nomination D request for determination of eligibility meets the documentation standards for registering properties in the National Register of Historic Places and meets the procedural and professional requirements set forth in 36 CFR Part 60. In my opinion, the property meets D does not meet the National Register criteria. D See continuation sheet. 0 Signature of certifying official Date State or Federal agency and bureau In my opinion, the property D meets D does not meet the National Register criteria. D Signature of commenting or other official See continuation sheet. Date State or Federal agency and bureau 5. National Park Service Certification I, hereby, certify that this property is: LJ entered D D in the National Register. D See continuation sheet. determined elig ible for the National See continuation sheet. Register. determined not eligible for the National Reg ister. 0 o removed from the National Register. I i other, (explain:) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ Signature of the Keeper Date of Action D.3 6. Function or Use Historic Functions (enter categories from ' Agriculture/Subsistence: . . ,flour mill) tructions) . prcx::esslng 7. Description Architectural Classification (enter categories from instructions) Other: vernacular (classical) Materials (enter categories from instructions) foundation -'!~~""-_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ walls ----7~~:----;-----:iJ!::;::;::;;i;,-=:_---roof _ _~~~~-£~~~~~_ _ _ _ _~____ other ___~~"~LW~~~~~~~~~~-r___ Describe present and historic physical appearance. Prr~~ /. ~~ ~ ~~ /. ~~£)YV A~/YWvv-! lliJ See continuation sheet D.4 8. Statement of Significance Certifying official has considered the significance of this property in relation to other properties: o nationally Applicable National Register Criteria bU A DB [K] COD Criteria Considerations (Exceptions) 0 DB Dc D A 0 ~ locally statewide DOE 0 FOG Areas of Significance (enter categories from instructions) Agrlculture Cultural Affiliation N!A Significant Person N/A ArchitecVBuilder Wolf Ccrnpany (milling machinery) State significance of property, and justify criteria, criteria considerations, and areas and periods of significance noted above. The Lehi Roller Mills ls locally significant as Lehi' s first and onlymcxlern roller process canmercial flour mill. Built at the behest of the Lehi Cc:mnerical Club, a group of local booster::;, and financed by the Lehi Mill and Elevator Canpany, the mill was the first of; its. type in the city and satisfied a need for grain processing in a graving comnunity without a flour mill. Continuing today in its original use, the mill is also significant architecturally as one of the earliest and rrost intact food processing plants of its type in Utah. Utilizing new technology such as electric rather than water po..ver, and steel rollers rather than mill stones for grinding, the Lehi Roller Mills continues to use the process and sane of the same equipnent it began with originally when it opened in Expanded over the years as operations grew and mcxlernized, the mill also shajs the visual -expression typical in the architecture of this building type. [ij See continuation sheet D.S 9. Major Bibliographical References ~ See continuation sheet Previous documentation on file (NPS): preliminary determination of individual listing (36 CFR 67) has been requested previously listed in the National Register previously determined eligible by the National Register designated a National Historic Landmark recorded by Historic American Buildings SuNey# _________________________________ D D D D D D recorded by Historic American Engineering Record # _________________________________ Primary location of additional data: Q"9 State historic preseNation office D Other State agency D Federal agency D Local government D University DOther Specify repository: Cooper/Roberts Architects Flour Mill Research Archives 10. Geographical Data Acreage of property UTM References ALU I I Zone Easting I cLU I 2.87 I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I Northing ! , I BLU Zone DLU D I I I I I I I I Easting I I I I I I I I I I Northing I I See continuation sheet Verbal Boundary Description Cam. 7.97 chs. E & 14.45 chs. S. of NW cor. of NE ~ of Sec. 16, T 5 S, R 1 E, SLM; E 6.72 chs; S-LY 4.21 chs.; W 7.40 chs., N 4.06 chs., to beg. D See continuation sheet D See continuation sheet Boundary Justification 11 . Form Prepared By name/title Allen D. Roberts, architect; organization HIS'IDRY PROJECTS, Inc. street & number 202 300 N. city or town Salt I..ake City w. Martha S. Bradley, historian date Aprl1, 1993 telephone (80~) 355 5915 state 0trui zip code 84103 0.6 Continuation Sheet, Section 7 Physical Description The Lehi Roller Mills is a complex of several structures including the first, primary mill, a tall, brick and frame building on the north side of the east end of Main Street, plus supporting grain elevators, mechanical structures, warehouses and offices. Typical of this building type, the Lehi Roller Mills has an organic, heterogeneous architectural appearance, the result of many additions and chances needed to keep the operation modernized and growing. The expansion of the milling facilities from 1905 to the present is apparent from old photographs and Lehi's Sanborn insurance maps which show the regular updating and expanding of the structures, reflecting the corresponding refinement of milling procedures. Each major improvement, beginning with the 1905-06 brick mill, remains in place to document the character-defining evolutionary process of mill construction. Still the centerpiece of the Lehi Roller Mills is the original three-story brick structure with heavy timber, post-and-beam interior framing and a gabled roof. The original twoover-two windows, corbeled cornices and circular gable windows remain, as do the shed roof canopies over the south and east loading docks; the frame, gabled roof monitor, and the north, 14,000-bushel frame crib extension, all additions made shortly after initial construction. Although the mill's machinery has undergone numerous modernizations, the interior architecture of the 1905-06 building, along with some of the original separators, dusters, cleaners and gyrators, remain intact. Their origins are apparent from the old style lettering across the fronts announcing the type, brand, manufacturer and location of the each machine. The mill is electrically powered as it has always been, and continues to employ its original roller mill technology for converting wheat to fine flour. The 36-foot tall main mill contains five levels of operations within its three-story shell due to maximizing the basement and gabled attic for machinery spaces. The mill has undergone visual changes but these are not intrusive given that many were made early-on and were essential to maintaining the complex's original and still current use. Each of the improvements and additions have both maintained and enhanced the mill's physical character and function. Continuation Sheet, Section 8 LEHI ROLLER MILLS HISTORY Obtaining flour was a particular difficulty for those early settlers living outside of the Salt Lake valley,. It was necessary for farmers to either travel to Salt Lake mills with their wheat, return with flour, or have it ground in a variety of diff~rent ways varying from horse-powered mills to crude, make-shift mills with only partial equipment. Regardless, the process was costly, inconvenient and inefficient. The first mills built to remedy this deficiency were frequently erected quickly and were therefore, roughly crafted. Few of these earliest mills are extant. Utah County's first mill was built in Springville in 1851. This mill had two sets of burrs and a millwheel. By 1885, the mill had been remodeled and the mill atO'fle$. were replaced with the more up to date roller technology. Known as the "New Process" when it was first introduced into Utah in the 1860, this new method of flour milling used metal rollers to grind wheat. Instead of working the wheat berry into a powder in one or two grindings, the wheat was broken up gradually by passing it in between rollers several times. The surfaces of the steel rollers were incised with parallel, equally spaced grooves with sharp edges for cutting the grain. Each set of rollers had a different pattern of grooves. With usually two pair of rollers to a cabinet, each pair achieved a finer grade of grinding as the wheat, passing from one set to the next, was gradually reduced to flour. Using currents of air and siftings between grindings, the flour was separated from the bran and middlings. The flour produced was called "Patent" flour, a name still applied to the highest grade of refined flour.1 Roller milling dominated the flour industry after 1880 and impacted the design of both old and new buildings. Some existing mills were abandoned altogether, but others were adapted to fit the requirements of the new technology. These changes came at the same time that another significant advancement in milling technology became popular-the Leffel turbines. The Lehi Roller Mill was not the town's first mill. The Mulliner grist mill located on the southwest end of the Mill Pond was built in 1856. In 1890, the building was demolished and the site used for the Lehi Sugar Factory. For the next fifteen years, local farmers transported their grain to American Fork for processing. Lehi's boosters--the Lehi Commercial Club--promoted the idea of building a new mill in town in 1905. Stockholders in the new venture, organized as the Lehi Mill and Elevator Company, included the People's Coop, Lehi Mercantile, Racker Mercantile, Thomas R. Cutler, G.N. Child, John Y. Smith, James H. Gardner, Henry Lewis, John Roberts, Davis Smith , Thomas Webb, Thaddeus Powell, George Webb, and Mathias Knudsen. The site chosen by the group for the mill was on East Main Street on the spur of the Union Pacific Railroad that ran by the sugar factory. The Wolf Company of Chambersburg, Penn. contracted for the mill machinery which included four sets of double rollers, one washer, two purifiers, two reels, one cleaner, one dust roller, one gyrator, one separator, and one bran duster. Continuation Sheet, Section 8 The three story original building had mac . er owered by a fifty-horsepower motor. After its opening in April 1906, the mill me . such immediate success that one month later the company built its first additio hat summer the company erected a 10,000 bushel capacity grain elevator. By 1907, the company's name had changed to the Lehi Roller Mills, a business storing and processing virtually all the grain grown in the area. In August 1909, Giles and Giles leased the business and hired William Leffler as miller. George G. Robinson soon assumed the lease and assumed management of the business. Robinson had been in the milling business since he was apprenticed to a miller at the age of 16. In 1910, he purchased the mill from the coop and three years later began an extensive modernization effort through which the mill was enlarged from a milling capacity of 75 to 110 barr~y. In ~ dqe, t1u4 ~ ~ ? 191~0~ hired the Birrell Engineer Company to construct a 43,000 bushel grain elev~~nd four concrete silos, 10 feet in diameter, resting on concrete bases 41' 8· square and 6' deep. The bright Turkey Red and Peacock Brand logos painted on the east sides of the silos have been local landmarks for decades. When Robinson died in 1936, his sons Sherman and Raymond Robinson assumed management of the mill. George's grandson, R. Sherman Robinson became manager in 1980. Under his direction, the Lehi Roller Mills again underwent modernization in 1985. As a result production capacity was increased to 60,000 a day. A new warehouse built in 1990 increased storage capacity to 100,000 bushels. lAllen Roberts, The History of Flour Daughters of the Utah Pioneers, 1982, p. 24. II Milling in Utah, II II , , .. .. Mapped, edited, and published by the Geological Survey * Control by USGS, NOS/NOAA, USBR and State of Utah GN Topography from aerial photographs by multiplex methods and by plane-table surveys 1922, 1927, and 1951 . MN oj !,~,~,;, Polyconic projection. 1927 North American datum 10,OOO-foot grid based on Utah coordinate system, central zone IOOO-meter Universal Transverse Mercator grid ticks, zone 12, shown in blue LEHI, UTAH Red tint indicates areas in which only landmark buildings are shown Revisions shown in purple recompilation of woodland areas compiled from aerial photographs taken 1969 and 1975 . Thi s information not field checked N4022.5-WII14517 .5 UTM GRIO AND 1975 MAGNETIC NORTH DECLINATION AT CENTER OF SHEET H H H o 1000 2000 3000 1951 PHOTOREVISED 1969 AND 1975 AMS 3664 IV NE-SERIES Vag 7 SCALE 124000 1000 QUADRANGLE LOCATION 9 MILS 4000 CONTOUR INTERVAL 20 FEET 5000 DOTTED LINES REPRESENT 5 FOOT CONTOURS NATIONAL GEODETIC VERTICAL DATUM OF 1929 6000 7000 FEET EVALUATION SHEET National Register Nomination Utah Office of Preservation Name of Property: 12d.~ M~lk) {k ']® tS. Me.A"V"-City, County: L--eL,, ~1 ( l2iAb)~· Addre s s : I I n( . Certified Local Government: ~, Submit ted by: A{ \b:bY....,f2?---"='~/ ~-C-e,~--,-~-,--,r -U-c-q--I 124= Date: ].(;; '9) -$. Approveg .. by_ .s~_-=- . __Submitted to t.he Board of State History for ~.Qr.~eet~ns or additional information (see below) ___ Rejected by staff (see below) Evaluation: ~ R~rned Evaluated by: Checklist of items required for each nomination ~ ~ ~ Nomination form completed per National Register guidelines (Bulletin 16A). ___ Completed CLG approval letter (if located within an active CLG). ___ U.S. Geological Survey map with location of the site marked in pencil. ~ At least five, 35 mm color slides showing all sides of the structure and significant interior details. ~ At least two, high-quality 7" x 10" full-frame, glossy, black-and-white, photographs with accompanying negatives. Photos should show principal facade and rear and/or side elevations. ~ Name and mailing address of the property owner. ~ Copy of all research materials. Comments - - 6~ CtFi V'\.DYvviV'W7uh--W ....... - Ol ' 6·~ J (14 CJy ' f ~ lS' ). a., ~ ~,,+-A4~-h~~ ~ cw~~-C~}JV'-' at ~lw~;f0 r\D)'h~(X\- -j,. :, -b J tv!) bv ~K>(IPz) yyz5lJU -{,.z, IJ(,~ i. 02.(2- C?-<hJ -\-'•.,0(6 d:Lw (.. ~- f\I\!~) iVIL/td-tJ/J<f v VLCovvol'r5; -;lY.ha; \*~f V·~,\ujL (l\,/0~VvJ (,.;1I1V\l; -k.. l.r~l: · Lvvtd~ ;;lo~iU.L ~ DUB No. 7024-{)()78 NPS Form 1Q..9OO (R. .. 8-661 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Registration Form This form is for use in nominating or requesting determinations of eligibility for individual properties or districts. See instructions in Guidelines for Completing National Register Forms (National Register Bulletin 16). Complete each item by marking "x" in the appropriate box or by entering the requested information. If an item does not apply to the property being documented, enter "N/A" for "not applicable." For functions, styles , materials, and areas of significance, enter only the categories and subcategories listed in the instructions. For additional space use continuation sheets (Form 1Q-900a). Type all entries. 1. Name of Property historic name LEHI ROLLER MILLS other names/site number 2. Location street & number city, town state utah o not for publication code county Utah code M<) vicinity zip code 3. Classification Ownership of Property Category of Property Number of Resources within Property Qg private [iJ building(s} Contributing o o o o o public·local public-State public-Federal o o Noncontributing 1 buildings _ _ _ sites _ _ _ structures _-::-_ objects _..:;:l,,--_Total 1 Number of contributing resources previously listed in the National Register _--,._0___ Na~A:elated multiple property listing: 4 1 district site structure object 84043 State/Federal Agency Certification As the designated authority under the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966, as amended, I hereby certify that this request for determination of eligibility meets the documentation standards for registering properties in the National Register of Historic Places and meets the procedural and professional requirements set forth in 36 CFR Part 60. In my opinion, the property meets does not meet the National Register criteria, See continuation sheet. o nomination 0 0 0 0 Signature of cenifying official Date State or Federal agency and bureau In my opinion, the property 0 meets 0 does not meet the National Register criteria, Signature of commenting or other official 0 See continuation sheet. Date State or Federal agency and bureau 5. National Park Service Certification I, hereby, certify that this property is: n entered in the National Register. o See continuation sheet. o determined eligible for the National 0 o Register, See continuation sheet. determ ined not eligible for the National Reg ister . on removed from the National Register. other, (explain :) -----------Signature of the Keeper Date of Action D.3 6. Function or Use Historic Functions (enter categories fro~m i~tructions) Agriculture/Subsistence:~ processing (flour mill) Current Functions (enter categories from Instruc::ons) ~~ 7. Description Architectural Classification (enter categories from instructions) Other: vernacular (classical) Materials (enter categories trom instructions) foundation ~S~t>::o~n~e~ _____________ waifs _ _--"B""r .....l....· c"'k'-"-_____..".-_------ \..J75D /£ W?:p1L ~ ~' " root _ _----"W""'<?CXLA..o.'--...Lf'v\e111L.--"'...........-'='---'-. . _ _ _ _ _'_. __ other _ _~A~d~d~J~·t~jouu~~s~o~f~w~ood~~,~De~ · .~ta~~~,___ concrete / Describe present and historic physical appearance. {+rb -tv.a- ~-W- ~~ -fw - (~f~ ~:t-:,Y'--' ci;{wd ,vv A /PwviY\ AiI.lV- ! ~ See continuation S:1eet 0.4 8 . Statement of Significance Certifying official has considered the significance of this property in relation to other properties : o nationally 0 Applicable National Register Criteria !KJ A 0 B [KJ cOO Criteria Considerations (Exceptions) 0 B 0 cOO A 0 Areas o.f Significance (enter categories from instructions) Agrlculture ~ locally statewide DE D F D G Period ot Significance 1905-l9~/' 4'1 Significant Dates 1905- l9W 4""? / ~ l' Cultural Affiliation N!A Significant Person N/ A Architect/Builder Wolf Canpany (milling machinery) State significance ot property, and justify criteria, criteria considerations, and areas and periods of significance noted above . The Lehi Roller Mills is locally significant as Lehi I s first and only modern roller process ccmnercial flour mill. Built at the behest of the Lehi CaTID2rical Club, a group of local boosters, and financed by the Lehi Mill and Elevator Canpany, the mill was the first of its type in the city and satisfied a need for grain processing in a graving camnunity without a flour mill. Continuing tooay in its original use, the mill is also significant architecturally as one of the earliest and most intact food processing plants of its type in Utah. Utilizing new technolcgy such as electric rather than water power, and steel rollers rather than mill stones for grinding, the Lehi Roller Mills continues to use the process and sane of the same equipnent it began with originally when it opened in Expanded over the years as operations grew and modernized, the mill also shCWs the . c visual expression typical in the architecture of this building type . . ~ See continuation sheet D.S 9. Major Bibliographical References ~ See continuation sheet Previous documentation on file (NPS): . preliminary determination of individual listing (36 CFR 67) has been requested previously listed in the National Register previously determined eligible by the National Register designated a National Historic Landmark recorded by Historic American Buildings SuNey# _________________________________ o o o o o Primary location of additional data: 29 State historic preseNation office D Other State agency D Federal agency D Local government D University DOther Specify repository: o recorded by Historic American Engineering Record #________________________________ Cooper/Roberts Architects Flour Mill Research Archives 10. Geographical Data Acreage of proper1y ______-=2W!.~8~7_______________________________________________________ UTM References A LLJ I I C LLJ I Zone 1 Easting I 1 I ! , I I I 1 I 1 I I 1 I 1 I NOr1hing 1 1 1 1 I B LLJ I I 1 I D LLJ I I 1 I Zone D Easting 1 1 I 1L....J.1-,-1- ,I --I.-..J.......I...-J NOr1hing 1L....J.1--L.1-,-I-1.-....:...1 --"-I...J See continuation sheet Verbal Boundary Description Com. 7.97 chs. E & 14.45 chs. S. of NW cor. of NE ~ of Sec. 16, T 5 S, R 1 E, SLMi E 6.72 Chsi S-LY 4.21 Chs.i W 7.40 chs., N 4.06 chs., to beg. D See continuation sheet Boundary Justification o See continuation sheet 11. Form Prepared By name/title Allen D. Roberts, architect i Martha S. Bradley, historian . date Aprl1, 1993 organization HISTORY ProJECI'S, Inc. ~~phone [phone] street & number 202 W. 300 N. city or town ___...::S:..:a:::l::.:t::....=Lak=:.:e=-~C=i:.;t:..l:y___________________________ state 0ta!i zip code 84103 0.6 Continuation Sheet, Section 7 Physical Description The Lehi Roller Mills is a complex of several structures including the first, primary mill, a tall, brick and frame building on the north side of the east end of Main Street, plus supporting grain elevators, mechanical structures, warehouses and offices. Typical of this building type, the Lehi Roller Mills has an organic, heterogeneous architectural appearance, the result of many additions and chances needed to keep the operation modernized and growing. The expansion of the milling facilities from 1905 to the present is apparent from old photographs and Lehi's Sanborn insurance maps which show the regular updating and expanding of the structures, reflecting the corresponding refinement of milling procedures. Each major improvement, beginning with the 1905-06 brick mill, remains in place to document the character-defining evolutionary process of mill construction. (""-- . 'p Still the centerpiece of the Lehi Roller Mills is the original three-story brick structure with heavy timber, post-and-beam interior framing and a gabled roof. The original twoover-two windows, corbeled cornices and circular gable windows remain, as do the shed roof canopies over the south and east loading docks; the frame, gabled roof monitor, and the north, 14,000-bushel frame crib extension, all additions made shortly after initial construction. The four 38-foot tall grain elevators, built of six-inch concrete walls in 1914, are ,intact and painted brightly with historic advertisements of the mill's most popular products) Turkey Red and Peacock flour. Together, these concrete capped, cylinder-shaped structures have a storage capacity of 45,000 bushels. As described in the history herein, other lesser frame, concrete and metal structures have been either attached to the original mill or built free-standing, among them the one-story, brick, gabled receiving building east of the main building along the D&RGW railroad spur. The last major addition was the three-story frame and gambrel-roofed warehouse built to the west in 1990. Although recent, this later structure is architecturally compatible in type, form, materials and color to other Utah mills generally and the Lehi Roller Mills in particular. ~ ~ 1 l~ 1 Although the mill's machinery has undergone numerous modernizations, the interior architecture of the 1905-06 building, along with some of the original separators, dusters, cleaners and gyrators, remain intact. Their origins are apparent from the old style lettering across the fronts announcing the type, brand, manufacturer and location of the each machine. The mill is electrically powered as it has always been, and continues to employ its original roller mill technology for converting wheat to fine flour. Th.e 36-foot tall main mill contains five levels of operations within its ·three-story shell due to maximizing · the basement and gabled attic for machinery spaces. The mill has undergone visual changes but these are not intrusive given that many were made early-on and were essential to maintaining the complex's original and still current use. Each of the improvements and additions have both maintained and enhanced the mill's physical character and function. r j -t' tf ~ ",{, '\'"\ Continuation Sheet, Section 8 LEHI ROLLER MILLS HISTORY Obtaining flour was a particular difficulty for those early settlers living outside of the Salt Lake valley, . It was necessary for farmers to either travel to Salt Lake mills with their wheat, return with flour, or have it ground in a variety of different ways varying from horse-powered mills to crude, make-shift mills with only partial equipment. Regardless, the process was costly, inconvenient and inefficient. The first mills built to remedy this deficiency were frequently erected quickly and were therefore, roughly crafted . Few of these earliest mills are extant. Utah County's first mill was built in Springville in 1851. This mill had two sets of burrs and a millwheel. By 1885, the mill had been remodeled and the mill $t0'l1e$. were replaced with the more up to date roller technology. Known as the "New Process" when it was first introduced into Utah in the 1860, this new method of flour milling used metal rollers to grind wheat. Instead of working the wheat berry into a powder in one or two grindings, the wheat was broken up gradually by passing it in between rollers several times. The surfaces of the steel rollers were incised with parallel, equally spaced grooves with sharp edges for cutting the grain. Each set of rollers had a different pattern of grooves. With usually two pair of rollers to a cabinet, each pair achieved a finer grade of grinding as the wheat, passing from one set to the next, was gradually reduced to flour. Using currents of air and siftings between grindings, the flour was separated from the bran and middlings. The flour produced was called "Patent" flour, a name still applied to the highest grade of refinedflour. 1 Roller milling dominated the flour industry after 1880 and impacted the design of both old and new buildings. Some existing mills were abandoned altogether, but others were adapted to fit the requirements of the new technology. These changes came at the same time that another significant advancement in milling technology became popular-the Leffel turbines. The Lehi Roller Mill was not the town's first mill. The Mulliner grist mill located on the southwest end of the Mill Pond was built in 1856. In 1890, the building was demolished and the site used for the Lehi Sugar Factory. For the next fifteen years, local farmers transported their grain to American Fork for processing. Lehi's boosters--the Lehi Commercial Club--promoted the idea of building a new mill in town in 1905. Stockholders in the new venture, organized as the Lehi Mill and Elevator Company, included the People's Coop, Lehi Mercantile, Racker Mercantile, Thomas R. Cutler, G.N. Child, John Y. Smith, James H. Gardner, Henry Lewis, John Roberts, Davis Smith, Thomas Webb, Thaddeus Powell, George Webb, and Mathias Knudsen. The site chosen by the group for the mill was on East Main Street on the spur of the Union Pacific Railroad that ran by the sugar factory. The Wolf Company of Chambersburg, Penn. contracted for the mill machinery which included four sets of double rollers, one washer, two purifiers, two reels, one cleaner, one dust roller, one gyrator, one separator, and one bran duster. Continuation Sheet, Section 8 ~i-be-. MA~uv---0) ma~.Lred The three story original building had by a fifty-horsepower motor. After its opening in April 1906, the mill me ith such immediate success that one month later the company built its first addition. That summer the company erected a 10,000 bushel capacity grain elevator. By 1907, the company's name had changed to the Lehi Roller Mills, a business storing and processing virtually all the grain grown in the area. In August 1909, Giles and Giles leased the business and hired William Leffler as miller. George G. Robinson soon assumed the lease and assumed management of the business. Robinson had been in the milling business since he was apprenticed to a miller at the age of 16. In 1910, he purchased the mill from the coop and three years later began an extensive modernization effort through which the mill was enlarged from a milling capacity of 75 to 110 barrels per day. 5a O'r \47 In 19,15. obinson hired the Birrell Engineer Company to construct a 43.000 bushel grain elevat and four concrete silos. 10 feet in diameter. resting on concrete bases 41' 8" square and 6' deep. The bright Turkey Red and Peacock Brand logos painted on the east sides of the silos have been local landmarks for decades. When Robinson died in 1936, his sons Sherman and Raymond Robinson assumed management of the mill. George's grandson. R. Sherman Robinson became manager in 1980. Under his direction. the Lehi Roller Mills again underwent modernization in 1985. As a result production capacity was increased to 60.000 a day. A new warehouse built in 1990 increased storage capacity to 100.000 bushels. lAllen Roberts, "The History of Flour Daughters of the Utah Pioneers, 1982, p. 24. Milling in Utah," Continuation Sheet, Section 9 BIBI:u:x;RAPHY IA!bi. Sanborn Map s Lehi Free Press. 4 September 1911; 24 June 1992; 1 July 1992; 2 September 1992. "Lehi Roller Mills." Lehi, Utah: 1992. "Lehi Main Street Historic Commercial Business District Preservation Masterplan ." Lehi, Utah: 1991. Van Wagoner, Richard. Corporation, 1990. Lehi: Portraits of a Utah Town. Roberts, Allen. "History of Flour Milling in Pioneer Utah." Pioneers, 1982. Lehi, Utah: Lehi City Daughters of the Utah Roberts, Allen. "Research Report on the Isaac Chase Flour Mill in Liberty Park, Salt Lake City, Utah." Daughters of the Utah Pioneers, 1980. " GI.,,~t.t p~ o ' ) . . . '. ~k..-- iLc ~'\''''.i t1''''' +io 8 ,_ ~~C \ (w) ~\ JI Vol. 13, No. 36 Wednesday, Septe~ber 4, 1991 , " -. " , .50 cents a single copy \qll This photo of the Lehi Roller Mills was taken in 1913, five years after the facility opened. : Roller'Mills'is -,L ehi star " !' . i By RICHARD VAN WAGONER Lehi can righ tJy claim two movie .' ~: :" i~ stars ofits own (reported sightings , 5" of Elvis and Tom Selleck don't count). Wilford Brimley, now constructinghis new ranch northwestoftown, starring Kevin Bacon and Lori Mill Pond in 1856. That plant was , has starred in more than a dozen Singer, is the improbable story of an demolished in 1890 to make way for , films including "The China Syn- American town that has banned the Lehi Sugar Factory. For nearly " drome," "Tender Mercies," "The dancing and popular music. A new 15 years afterwards, Lehi farmers ,i' Natural,""Cocoon," and "Stone Boy," teenager (Bacon) moves into town, had to haul their grain to American 1 my personal favorite. A distin- . falls in love with the minister's • Fork for milling. : '. guished pitchman for Quaker Oats, daughter (Singer), and leads the After considerable effort by the ; Lehi Commercial Club, our town's '( Brimley will soon be starring in a fight against the dance ban. . . new television series, "The Boys of . The dancing in the movie was first booster organization, the Jun~ ) Twilight," which will be filmed this energetic, the Kenny Loggins sl)und 22, 1905, "Lehi Banner" announced,1' fall in park City an4 He~r. ' .. ,. ' ,:," track, ~r;ific, bu~. the 80-yi:'~' Q!~ that ~hi :was, to.h~ve ~a nElwflO,~~~1 Our other lumiMry of the !lilvet·;r:~hi.:~Uel'1M.~d~o1RW",~J}l~~.~~~p~ ) scr p.en is none other th an the Lehi distinctive landmark, was the tr ue ment," .. . ", "" Roller Mills, selected as the back- star of Ule show, a scene stealer of Stockholders of the Lehi Mill &. drop for many of the scenes in the first magnitude. Elevator Company, who invested Paramount's 1984 blockbuster The roller mills was not Lehi's $20,000 in thenewventure,included movie, "Footloose." first flour mill. That distinction goes the People's Co-op, Leh i MercanThe film, produced 'by Dan to the Mullinergrist mill which was . tile, Racker Mercantile, Thomas R. Melnick, rlirectedby Herb Ross, and ' = It on the southwest end ~f the. See YESTERy}!;ARS on Page 2 Lehi Yesteryears , .' ~ -------------------------- ,,; . " ~ -:Yesteryears: Continued from front page Cutler, G. N. Child, John Y. Smith, James H. Gardner, Henry Lewis, John Roberts, Davis Smith, Thomas Webb, Thaddeus Powell, George Webb and Mathias Knudsen. The site for the mill was selected on ~ast Main Street on the sugar factory spur of the Union Pacific Railroad (the sugar factory was a mile further down the line). The contract for th.e mill's· machinery was ·Iet to the Wolf Company of Chambersburg, Penn., the largest suppliers of mill machinery in the United States. · ' . This equipment included- fo·uI-sets. of double rollers, one washer, two purifiers, two reels, one cleat;l~r:" one dust roller, one , gyratpr,onesepai~tdr, andonel?rari duster. The tHree-story-hign 'building, with its multitude of cabl~s j belts, and whirring machinery, was initl~lIy powered by a fiftyhorsepower motor. U,n der the management of Parry and Franck, the first sack of flour was produced on April 2, 1906. Full daily capacity of 60 to 70 bushels was soon i l achieved. The immediate success of the mIll required that an addition be built in May 1906. And when the directors met later that summer on July 30, they decided to im'mediately erect lin elevator with a capacity of 10,000 bus~els . The long-term prosperity of the mill has largely been linked the success of the dry farm wheat raised in Cedar Valley . .. . The first local interest in dry farming was raised in 1905 when Dr. John A. Widtsoe gave a lecture on the topic. In 1906 Congress passed a bill opening the Fort Crittef1den (Camp Floyd) Military Reserve to private ownership. On July 30" 1906, alargenumberofLehi men metin the Primary School building to discuss "arid farming." Bishop Andrew Fjeld acted as chairman of the group. . After discussing how to' obtain land parcels, the price of planting and fencing,' a vote was taken to organize a co-op to dry farm on a large scale. A land-selection committee was appointed which consisted of A. J. Evans, G. L. Stookey, Henry Lewis, Peter Schow and G. N. Child. Their objective was to travel to'Cedar Valley and select 5,0006,000 acres of land for the co-op. During the Aug. 6, 1906, dry farm meetingthecommittee reported that while there was ampie land in Cedar Valley it coul~ to " Lehi Roller Mills . . on ly be registered to homesteaders willing ". ana are joined on the sides so as to form a to file on a quarter section. This discour- fifth compartment that has a capacity of aged most of the group-and the idea of , 3,000 bushels all completely rodent- and forming a co-op was abandoned. ' . ' fire-proof. The Turkey Red and Peacock Brand logos, Although a land co-op was not formed; . many Lehi men filed on Smoot Homesteads, colorfully painted on the east side of the as the land parcels were called, ushering in cO'1crete silos have been!l Lehi tradition for the age of dry farming in Utah.County. By nearly eight decades. 1907 the Lehi Mill & Elevator Company had ; The white cotton no~r bags, on which the changed its name to the Lehi RoUer Mills . TurkeyRedandPeacockBrandstencilwere andwasstoringandprocessingvirtuallyall displayed, for many years served as rethe graill grown in the area. . . spectable items of clothing and bedding ill In those early days the plant had to · town. Turkey Red aprons, Peacock tableregularly advertize for grain. "Wanted-- cloths, Turkey Red sheets, Peacock pillow5000bushels of wheat at 75cperbushel and cases, and Turkey Red underwear were ____ any a.mount of barley p.t 85c per cwt(hun- . fashionable,items onhe past. .,' . 'dred weight)" was a typical ad oft~~ illi'Yj p'~t;.f'~:~~~I\,(}eorge.i~? Robins~t}'~1.936-~eath ' '. 1907. , ' .. ' ';\.01' ;",¥..(J!' 'hIS sons Shennan and Raymond Robmson On Aug .. 25, 1909, Giles & Giles leased ~ ,' con~inued to operatethe rriill. During World the business and hired William Lerner as War II all the flour milled was sold to the miller. This was only a short-term arrange- , government for the war effort. ment, however, as George G. Robinson soon , R. Shennan Robinson, George G.'s grandassumed the lease. son, who had beeri taught to run the mill by Robinson, from the age of 16 to 19; sp- his father, became the manager of the famprenticed as a miller with his father in ily-owned mill in 1980. . Delaware. He moved to American Fork in . "I deal now with farmers whose grandfaDecember 1890 and became employed in thers dealt with my grand~ather,"Sherm is . his uncle W.D. ("Damn-it-to-hell Bill") fond of saying. But it·has only been made Robinson1s flour and grist mill. , . possible because ofthe Robinson'!! efforts fo '. For eight years he was the miller at . ,contimially upgrade their business. . . Chipman's Flour Mill before leasing the ' In the l~te 1970s it ~ame evident that .beni RoUer. Mills in 1909. :;,', .' , in Qrder to sta)t in the milling business the' In 1910 J~obiiison P.ilI:chased ~he mill LehiRoller M.jl1s would have to undergo - . from th~co-op aitd within three, years had . c:omplete retOotrug and expansion. Accordbegun an extensive modernization project. ingly the Robinsons instigated a thorough The mill was enlarged and its milling ca~ · modernization process installing imported . pacity increased .from 75 tQ lJO barrels Swiss milling equipment that when comdaily. . " pleted in 1985 increased production capacThe Turkey Red Wheat.grown in Cedar ity to 60,000 bushels a day. .. The 1990 completion ~f a new warehouse Valley then and now is considered superior to any other dry farm wheat grown in the increased their storage capacity to 100,000 area because of its high percentage of glu-: ,,bushels. ' ten. ' ." . While the Lehi Roller Mills is in business ,~ . - - -. . SinceRobinsonpurchasedtheLehiRoller .··to make whole wheat flour, bleached and Mills this wheat has been the plant's main- unbleached white flour, cracked wheat cestay. By World War I he had built up a real, and germade (cream of wheat) cereal, reputation for making superior flour that . the picturesque structure has also become no other miller could touch. He gradually a popular haven for artists. The mill has secured the high-grade-baker's trade ofSalt been immortalized in pencil, ink, waterLake City and was thus able to pay a high color, and oils by dozens of artists. price for local wheat. '; ,' " ' We locals are 'immensely proud of the In 1915 Robinson contracted with the . :Lehi Roller Mills, not only for its resplenBirrell Engineer Company to construct a , . dent appearance, ,b ut for its remarkable 43,000-bushelcapacitygrainelevator.Four record of86 years 'of commercial success. concrete silos, 10 feet in diameter, rested on . One of only four hundred functioning flour . a concrete base 41-feet 8-inches square and ' mills in the country today, the plant oper6 feet deep. .. ates six days a week with a staff of 15 fullThe four silos each hold 10,000 bushels and part-time employees. Lehi has found place in movie makers' world By RICHARD VAN WAGONER . Lehi is not Hollywood. We don't . . have a Brown Derby, nor a "Walk of Stars." Neither do we sport a Rodeo Drive or Sunset Strip. Until the 1960's our claim to motion picture fame was based on a single incident. ' In 1946 local cop Ernest R. Dickerson ticketed actor Cliff Robertson, Vincent Edwards, Wallace Beery. lovable rogue of Dana Andrews, Andrew Prine and 1930s an d 1940's films, for "Speed- Claude Akins. Director MacLaglen ingand Improper Passing" on State . had a saloon set, "The Golden NugStreet, just east of the Royal The- get," built inside the Lehi National atre...., ~: ~ ~ ·-'. "-""f _ Gv.~d Ar.mory • .j.' ._ . _ '-_.~ ~i: .'Of couJ:~ .~ilford I,iri~ley\ lives .', A wild fight sc~ne ir{ Ule moVie heresometlmesandRt>bertRedford was purposely punctuated by a occasionally comes to town to see " punch thrown by world champion our rodeO. But Lehi's most noted boxer Gene Fullmer, who served as achievement in the field ofdramatic bartender in Lehi's most famous arts is the fact that three motion ' wa~ering hole. I pictures have been filmed here. The spectacular battle scene of That's a rather remarkable feat for the movie was filmed in the cliffs such a small town, so far removed high above Alpine. And the steep ' from "tinsel town." road from Corner Canyon can still During the springand early sum- be seen from 1-15. . merof1967 aDavid Wolper ProducAdditional filming took place at tions movie, "The Devil's Brigade," San Elia Fiume Rapido, Italy and was filmed in and around town and Esher, England. at Camp Williams~ Depicting the During the summer of 1983 huge . famed Allied guerilla unit of World Paramount Picture Company vans War II; more than three hundred and equipment could be seen at members of the Utah National various sites about town as the Guard worked ~ extras. The movie, movie "Footloose" was filmed in sevdirected by Andrew McLaglen from eral locations, notably the pictura screenplay by Willi~ Roberts, esque Lehi Roller Mills. was photographed in Panavision by A newspaper clipping about a William Clothier. The musical score tragic traffic accident in a small, was composed by Elmer Bernstein. quiet town after a high school dance The film starred William Holden, See YESTERYEARS on page 3 Lehi Yesteryears The Lehi Roller Mills, shoWn in this early photograph, was the star of the 1983 movie "Footloose." , " FLOUR AND GRIST MILLS friend John Hansen had been fishing most of the herded sheep nearby. Towards evening " boyS got into a rowboat without oars and drifted ' 1"I~0 the pond. A high wind began to blow and the 4 ~ried to paddle ashore with their hands. When . ..., :ere unable to make headway, Ted, a strong swim~umped into the water and began to swim to shore. ~ter was too choppy, however, and he quickly while his friend looked on helplessly. ' ., ';nd soon blew the boat ashore and young Hantought help from a nearby fisherman. A search .'as assembled and the body was recovered three Iater. 7 nmeen-year-old Bobby Wagner met death in the Pond on 15 April 1964. The Pleasant Grove boy bis friend had swam out to Grass Island, but on rclurn to shore young Wagner was stricken with and sank. His companion swam to the shore to the nearby Utah-Idaho Sugar Company warewhere he told manager Morris Clark what had ...."'.......,' Clark quickly summoned his work crew, Gary Lewis Stewart, Dale Colledge, Guy Edwards, and &oberts, and they repeatedly dove into the murky altempting to find the boy. Their' efforts were futile; ). was not recovered until the following day. ' J. Mr. Turner n ~' Lehi Roller Mills ,. nearly fifteen years after the Spring Creek Flour =sed operation, Lehi farmers had to haul their ........... . _. CO American Fork for milling. After considerable by the Lehi Commercial Club, the 22 June 1905 &lfIner announced that Lehi was to have "a new with modern pattern and equipment." Stockof the Lehi Mill & Elevator Company, who $20,000 in the new venture, included the ....'.....,. Co-op, Lehi Mercantile, Racker Mercantile, R. Cutler. G. N. Child, John Y. Smith, James ,Henry Lewis, John Roberts, David Smith, Webb, Thaddeus Powell, George Webb, and ·, =" 'jW •• :1I ~udsen. a stockholders meeting in early July 1905 Webb was appointed chairman and S. I. secretary of the new company. Committee-.~.-~ Parley Austin, S. I. Goodwin, Thad Powell (p James H. Gardner, G. N. Child, W. E. ........~er); Mr. Perry, David Smith, John Y. ~ J. Evans (Machinery). ror the mill was selected on East Main Street lIltar factory spur of the Union Pacific Rail27 July Banner reported that rock was being the structure's foundation. The contract for Iftachinery was let to the Wolf Company of . ,:ennsylvania, the largest suppliers of lou 10 the United States. This equipment ~ sets of double rollers, one washer, two reels, one cleaner, one dust roller, one separator, and one bran duster. 8 229 The three-story-high building, with its multitude of cables, belts, and whirring machinery, was initially powered by a fifty-horsepower motor. Under the management of Parry and Franck, the first sack of flour was produced on 2 April 1906. Full daily capacity of sixty to seventy bushels was soon achieved. The immediate success of the mill required that an addition be built in May 1906. And when the directors met later that summer on 30 July they decided to immediately erect an elevator with a capacity of 10,000 bushels. The long-term prosperity of the mill has largely been linked to the success of the dry farm wheat raised in Cedar Valley. The first local interest in dry farming was raised in 1905 when Dr. John A. Widtsoe 'gave a lecture on the topic. In 1906 Congress passed a bill opening the Fort Crittenden (Camp Floyd) Military Reserve to private ownership. On 30 July 1906 a large number of Lehi men met in the Primary School building to dis~ cuss "arid farrning." Bishop Andrew Fjeld acted as chairman of the group. After discussing how to obtain land parcels, the price of planting and fencing, a vote was taken to organize a co-op to dry farm on a large scale. A land-selection committee was- appointed which consisted of A. J. Evans, G. L. Stookey, Henry Lewis, Peter Schow, and G. N. Child. Their objective was to travel tq Cedar Valley and select 5,000-6,000 acres of land for the co-op. The committee for soliciting acreage consisted of Ed Southwick, James M. Kirkham, Dr. E. C. Merrihew, R. John Whipple, and John Roberts. During the 6 August 1906 dry farm meeting' the committee reported that while there was ample land in Cedar Valley it could only be registered to homesteaders willing to file on a quarter section. This discouraged most of the group and the idea of forming a co-op was abandoned. Although a land co-op was not formed, many Lehi men filed on Smoot Homesteads, as the land parcels were called. Successful dry farmers in the area have included Albert Sprately, Lyman Losee, Roy Lott, Mendenhall Brothers, John and Harry Stoker, Isaac Hardman, John Beveridge and Sons, John Devey and Sons, C. E. Wade, James H. Gardner, Aaron Allred, Ed Southwick, Arthur Hawkins, Clark and Hall, Hyrum and Earl Smith, A. D. Rhodes, Peter C. Adamson, Lazelle Mulliner, A. W. Davis, John R. and Ernest Hindley, A. A. Johnson, Freeman Brothers, Holbrook Farms (Dr. Horace, Gam, Stephen, and Scott Holbrook), Rodney C. Allred, Douglas Smith, Roosevelt Smith, Grant and Jim Smith, and Howard and Brent Ault. In the earliest days of Lehi Roller Mills operation (name changed in 1907), the plant had to regularly advertize for grain. "WANTED-5OO0 bushels of wheat at 75¢ per bushel and any amount of barley at 85¢ per cwt." was a typical ad of the day in the 14 November 1907 Lehi Banner. On 25 August 1909 Giles & Giles FLOUR ANI> GRIST MILLS 230 231 INDUSTRIAL IJE VELOPMENT leased the business and hired William Leffler as Miller. This was only a short-term arrangement, however, as George G. Robinson soon assumed the lease. Robinson, from the age of sixteen to nineteen, apprenticed as a Miller with his father in Delaware. He moved to American Fork in December 1890 and became employed in his uncle W. D. ("Damn-it-to-hell-BiJI") Robinson's flour and grist mill. For eight years he was the miller at Chipman's Flour Mill before leasing the Lehi Roller Mills in 1909. In 1910 Robinson purchased the mill from the co-op and within three years had begun an extensive modernization project. The mill was enlarged and its milling capacity increased from 75 to 110 barrels daily. The Turkey Red Wheat grown in Cedar Valley then and now is considered superior to any other dry farm wheat grown in the area; high percentage of gluten is more desirable for bread. Since Robinson purchased the Lehi Roller Mills this wheat has been the plant's mainstay. By World War I he had built up a reputation for making superior flour that no other miller could touch . He gradually secured the high-grade-baker's trade of Salt Lake City and was thus able to pay a high price for local wheat. In 1915 Robinson contracted with the Birrell Engineer Company to construct a 43,000-bushel capacity grain elevator. Four concrete silos, ten feet in diameter, rested on a concrete base forty-one-feet-eight-inches square and six-feet deep. The four silos each hold 10,000 bushels and are joined on the sides so as to form a fifth compartment that has a capacity of 3,000 bushels all completely rodent- and fire-proof. The demand for Lehi flour continued. In just one month (November 1925) the Lehi Roller Mills took orders for eighteen carloads of flour from bakeries and dealers in Salt Lake City and California. Ten cars were for Turkey Red Brand, five cars for regular soft wheat grade (Peacock Brand), and three cars were whole wheat. After George G. Robinson's 1936 death his sons Sherman and Raymond Robinson continued to operate the mill. During World War II all the flour milled was sold to the government for the war effort. R. Sherman Robinson, George G.'s grandson, who had been taught to run the mill by his father, became the manager of the family-owned mill in 1980. " I deal now with farmers whose grandfathers dealt with my grandfather," Sherm is fond of saying. But it has only been made possible because of the Robinsons' efforts to continually upgrade their business. In the late 1970s it became evident that in order to stay in the milling business the Lehi Roller Mills would have to undergo complete retooling. Accordingly the Robinsons instigated a thorough modernization process installing imported Swiss milling equipment that when completed in 1985 increased production capacity to 60,000 bushels a day and storage capacity to 100,000 bushels. l ' the backdrop for many of the scenes in The process whereby grain is converted in: unt 'S 1984 blockbuster movie, Footloose. is a complicated and fascinating one. After tho :~~lm , produced by Dan Melnick, directed by Herb is unloaded into a hopper it is conveyed O\,~. ·l nd starring Kevin Bacon and Lori Singer , is the rators where wild oats, dirt, shrunken and crack,: . ,. ~i an American town that has banned dancing and chaff are removed before the wheat is :~ ; " '~ular music. A new teenager (Bacon) moves into From the scales the wheat is directed int o stora " t ~.~lllS in love with the minister's daughter (Singer), according to predetermined protein coment a;'~ ! -< • • l ds the fight against the dance ban . The dancing factors. i c: movie was energetic, the Kenny Loggins sound From the storage bins precise quantities of C. "'terrific, but the eighty-year old Lehi Roller Mills, grades of wheat, measured automatically in l : ! ~:"'n's most distinctive landmark , was the true star 120 pounds, are blended to a predetermined fi r.. 9 content. The blended wheat is then washed. , !Ie shO W • and scoured before entering the mill. After mu Lehi Canning Factory/ Lehi Cereal Mill to toughen the bran, or outer coating, the II passed through a series of rolls. Sifters and :: _ .~"I fIrst canning factory lasted only one season. ~i 1893 J. E. Keenan convinced a group of Lehi systems of conveyors separate the bran and sho:' , the flour. Prior to the early 1970s wheat blr' '.. ~\ including Thomas R. Cutler, Ira D. Wines, were converted into chicken mash and dai n ;:: . "'- • JtIjr. E. Racker, William Clark, and T. F. Trane, pes: $4,000 in moving his plant from Ogden to feed . But today the bran and shorts are sold' CI ':-> ;' "- Although the 28 September 1893 Lehi Banner for fish and animal feed. Once the byproducts have been removed !:.- .. .. ..,.,.. with the cannery's processing of tomatoes, flour, it receives further refining in a mechanJ\::...... :lllbCTs, and cabbage, disagreement between Keenan a whipsifter. The enclosed flour particles are " : _... <II 'IIr local stockholders, plus the fact that the equipby means of a series of silk screens. The coar',' ';to . . . . ~j antiquated and useless, resulted in closure. "'l HI'S CANNING FACTORY AN ASSURED cles are shunted back to the rolls fo r further r:,., '\ : : ass," announced the 24 October 1914 Lehi and the finer particles, the finished product, a r r : ~ . to a storage bin on the loading level. , ......... The proposed plant, with an intended producAn automatically controlled power driven flo~' ''': . ... ~ity of twenty thousand cans per day, needed is designed with a downspout adjusted to rea;: " .. 'ICJ of one hundred acres of tomatoes each season to the bottom of the attached flour sack. Thl' :: ' "" .., hundreds of bushels of peaches and other fruits. down spout compacts the flour in the sack ar.. .. :;it stockholders in the $10,000 venture included .. , Bradshaw, John Devey, Israel Evans, Jr., James matically stops its flow at the predetermine~ -,. While some sacks are still mechanically sew :. ' . ~Der . Dr. Horace Holbrook (plant manager) , cent are now glued , a process that prevents al: roo ~DaVIS, Edw~rd Southwick, and S. W. Ross. The company's familiar cotton flour bag' • . uhl Cannmg Company considered three sites Turkey Red and Peacock Brand logos are a 10~' • !Ilr DCYo factory: Gilchrist corner near the San Pedro ing Lehi tradition. Not only are the color fu . ........... . ._ . depot (uptown), east of the Lehi Roller Mills indicator of high quality flour, but the bag' t~r' the Interurban and sugar factory spur tracks for many years served as respectable item , (~'.:." ' . ~,. Jmtes G .. Gray property on the west end of and bedding. Turkey Red aprons, Peacock t ' . . "' l~ at .Flfth West (adjacent to the new Salt Turkey Red sheets, Peacock pillowcases: ar.. ~".. Railroad line-the Orem Interurban). W. Red underwear were fashionable items 01 I n: ., . ~. preSident of the railroad company, was so The Lehi Roller Mills presently specialilC' .·. 10 have the factory built near his line (the Gray wheat flour, bleached and unbleached \10 M. • ~I ~~t he offered the company one free acre of cracked wheat cereal, and germade (crean: ' i' r "",- necessary tracks and spurs. tr - om! offer cereal. Long-term Lehi Roller M I'II s emrll" I ' f, - ., ~ . was accepted and a two-story lumast have included Eugene Gurney, HarCl ~ I !!W- c. thirty-two by one hundred and ten feet .tonstr . ' P H Id J IO '. .... Iloo ley UCllon on the s't b ml'd -N ovem b er. KI' rkham, Farrell Jorgensen , John 0 ' _ [Bus) Halladay, and Alvin Schow (bOOk~~,:t[ II'! ~ housed the canning machinery (manulid _ astmgs Industrial Company) and the the mill, one of only four hundred fu . ~. . . da I 10 '''Ilnc roo Th ' .. ' .. ""ot~ ms. e upper floor was for stormills in the country, operates Sl :\ vS ... ... cans. In addition a coal house loading staff of fifteen full- and part-tim e em rICl\~ . " . I . 'n hu q(l· MUUSC d ' . ' While the Lehi Roller MIls I S I Cl t>c:''''''' ,. '''nh . an a slxty-by-elghty-five-foot brick s flour the picturesque structure has al .......... . .•.). bst~lrage capacity of half a million cans) _ .... -'IiIlI UI t , . been 1' · ular haven for artists. The mIll has d ,< ' ~ on the grounds 10 '1 b\' ( l ' . ltockholde h' . : of h rs Ired M. B. Mann , former in pencil, ink , watercolor , and 01 s .. .' .. ; t e Woods Cross Canning plant, to The building'S greatest acclaim, howC\l" ! o. run the Lehi cannery. He in turn trained local men Leo Goates and George Lewis in the intricacies of the operations. From the outset the plant was plagued with problems. While management initially intended to can tomatoes, asparagus, beans, and sauerkraut, they ultimately only processed tomatoes ("New Stone" variety). The first two years they packed an average of 360,000 cans of "Lehi Brand Tomatoes." The third and final year of the cannery's operation was a dismal failure, however. Plant manager 0 , H. Youngberg, recalled George Lewis, "had a kid on the sealing machine, a kid to send the cans down a chute from upstairs, and some girls [as many as thirty) to peel the tomatoes. We had to file a lid once in awhile to see that it was tight and didn't leak, but sometimes we forgot to do that and some of the cans leaked." The cannery also began making ketchup from the peelings, but Lewis remembered "we got sand in the ketchup. We couldn't sell the stuff and that was the last year it ran ."11 For a time there was hope that all twenty-five Utah canning factories (including Lehi's) would be amalgamated under the leadership of Thomas R. Cutler, vicepresident and general manager of the Utah-Idaho Sugar Company. But this movement never succeeded and Lehi's cannery failed to open after the 1917 season. After the plant's closure, John F. Bradshaw and Edward Southwick headed a group of investors (0. H. Youngberg, R. John Whipple, M. S. Lott, Theodore Peirson, and Franklin Bradshaw) who bought out the other stockholders for thirty to forty cents on the dollar. The group, using the same bylaws, formed a new corporation, the Lehi Cereal Company, with Southwick installed as the firm's president, J. Whitcomb the millwright, and O. H . Youngberg as plant superintendent. The mill, with a daily capacity of fifty barrels of flour , was in full operation by late March 1922. Powered by a steam engine, the Lehi Cereal Mill achieved moderate success for approximately five years processing flour. 12 In the spring of 1935 groceryman C. L. Johnson and millwright T, H . Southworth purchased the dormant cereal mill from the Bradshaw group , retooled it, then opened the "Lehi Lily Cereal and Feed Mills." A 14 March 1935 Lehi Sun advertisement for the mill noted it was "headquarters for flour, cereals, all varieties of grains and feeds, hay and [Peerless) coal." Before the year was up Southworth bought out his partner, changing the business's name to "Lehi Lily Cereal Company." A 12 September 1935 Lehi Free Press ad reported: "We do all kinds of cleaning, rolling and feed grinding and make all kinds of whole wheat cereals. We sell hard wheat flour." In early February 1936 Southworth sold the business to Odell Peterson and Ralph Smith. Ray Stewart purchased the mill in the late 1930s. At the end of World War II he installed new elevating equipment , cleaners, and scales which increased his production capacity to 1,600 bushels of grain an hour . He also purchased property straddling Dry Creek across L __ ---.~) -- ., ., I \, UI ~. !. :.' '\ \ I :' .~ '\ -- ) '~ '. , '--" LEUI 700 Inst Date Rec Date ~OLLER E~ST MILLS MAIN, LEHI Grantor Trans. 09-30-05 10-25-05 George L. Comer w.o. Lehi Mill & Elevator Co. 1-25-15 2-23-15 Lehi Mill & Elevator Co. w.o. George G. Robinson 2-18-35 6-09-35 George G. & Beulah Robinson 9-03-81 9-03-81 Lehi Roller Mills Co. ASHROCK Inc. $403.14 2-04-82 2-04-82 ASHROCK Inc. Whom of Interest w.o. Grantee Lehi Roller Mills Co. 02-26-85 10-29-85 South East #2 Add Lehi City 02-26-85 10-29-85 Lehi City Whom of Interest 10-31-86 11-05-86 Lehi city Redevelopment Agency Whom of Interest 10-07-91 Lehi Roller Mills Co. 10-11- ~ Bank of American Fork $500,000.00 ABSC * * * * Land Information Display System * * for 13:013:0004 * * * * * * Parcel Index manual abstracting was discontinued Beginnin[] September 3, 1985 1 Gl~ant Or-': 1 Entry no Inst date I Consideration I G'r'ant e e : I Book Page Rec date 1 Satisfaction ________ _____._.J.____ K0 i T i rn e Tie n u mb et'.___. I I LEHI CITY 1 31760;85 WHOM OF INTEREST ~::257 453 A ORDIN 31759;85 0.:::/261 iJ SOUTH EAST #2 ADD 31759;85 LEHI CTIY 1 121/29/ " A PLAT 0.::: : 1 6 4851 ; 35 ASl-mOCK INC 02/04/ 2B48;82 1:< 1935 462 WHOM OF INTEREST 1963 172 02/041 2591 1 ; 81 _ _ I R LN 12:49 09/03/ LEHI ROLLER MILLS CO 25911;81 $403.141 1 93~) 462 09/03/ ' nSHROCI~ INC R 1963 17c~ 1 1214: 24 N LN 4851;35 * * * Search Completed Sct'een Pt'inted: 04/01/93 Requested By: INFO at "1';:::7207 * 11 : 43:52 * * ABSS * * * * Ser'ial Number' : Owner' Name: Property Address: * * * Land Information Display System * * Parcel Index * * * 13:013:0004:123 Old Ut Cty Number: LEHI ROLLER MILLS CO 700 E MAIN LEHI UT 84043 A·-l)06 "- 3 Year's: 1 992 ..• Tax Dist: llZl Tax Legal description: (Not For Legal Documents) COM. 7.97 CHS E & 14.45 CHS S OF NW COR OF NE1/4 OF SEC 16, T 5 S, R 1 E, SLM; E 6.72 CHS; S-LY 4.21 CHS; W 7.40 CHS; N 4.06 CHS TO BEG. AREA 2.87 ACRES. Beg inn i ng Sept ember' 3, 1Gr-'ant Or': Gr'ant ee: 1 1985 LEHI ROLLER MILLS COMPANY BANK OF AMERICAN FORK LEHI CITY REDEVELOPMENT AGENCY WHOM OF INTEREST * * * Press XMT to continue search 04/01/93 Requested By: manual abstracting was discontinued Entry no 1 Inst date Consideration Book Page 1 Satisfaction Koi Tie number 40395;91 $500,000.001 2843 037 10/11 1 4851;35 D TR 37991; 8E., 2354 87(1 4851 ; 35 N 11:23:44 INFO at T27207 * * * Section IV: Commercial Development CHAPTER 12 ~ Mercantiles ~ Lehi Union Exchange T~ ugh most of Lehi's earliest male settlers were and stockmen, a few adventurous souls cr.n pted [0 win part of their livelihood by providing p:~h and services for the rest of the population. These ~aJopeople included merchants, butchers, barbers, ~lrn. blacksmiths, innkeepers, cobblers, harness :.lim. saloon keepers, clothiers, doctors, dentists, and lUll,' others. Thc: first reference to a Lehi merchant was in the 8 fco;ocmber 1854 Deseret News. Utah Stake President AlXge A. Smith remarked that "Elijah Thomas had ~ a store in Lehi." Other early shopkeepers x !uded brothers Thomas and William Taylor, Abram -i..J:.: h. George Leslie, James Harwood, and Hans -1J;:::mer. 1 These small-scale operations consisted essen-I.J, of a shelf or two of dry goods and groceries in a :r~q:c: dwelling. This changed dramatically in 1858 when ~ l'tah Expeditionary Force established itself at Camp ;·t.... d in Fairfield, creating a huge marketplace for Lehi p':~h and produce. i:x,mas and William W. Taylor, with stock they had '~~ ;~ed from Salt Lake City, established the merI:!:;:le firm of T. and W. Taylor on the southeast cor~ )f \Iain and Second West. Much of the brothers' ': : :\~_ came about through serving as exchange inter..:,.lrl es between Lehi townspeople and the military ' p, Hans Hammer, who also successfully traded with ~ Jfmy, opened a small store in his home-as did ,~.C\ Harwood, in 1860. Harwood explained in his .. 1llography that he began his business by "turning -1:d ' '. .. room mto a store." He commenced buying eggs, ,; . and grain from local families. Once a week he ,," cd -. :' to Salt Lake City, sold the produce, and _. ,ned to Lehi with a small stock of groceries and ·oods. The price of these imported items was nec:~rs n PhillipsJ essarily high because of the added expense in freighting the goods by wagon from the East. Mormon church leaders were opposed to "profiteering Saints," and generally frowned on the proliferation of mercantile establishments in Zion. Brigham Young was particularly critical of merchants who failed to use their profits in building up the kingdom. To counter non-Mormon or lukewarm Mormon businessmen Young encouraged co-operative marketing. "Why not appoint in every ward in the territory," he asked in 1865, a good businessman who is filled with integrity and truth to make contact for the people of the ward and let the convention prices be the rule or. not sell. Why not draw money for our grain and spend it ourselves instead of allowing those who have no interest with us to handle it for us and pocket fortunes which we shall enjoy and layout in redeeming the earth and building up the kingdom of god in all the world. 2 Young's opinions filtered down to local leaders, including Lehi's Bishop David Evans. The merchant to suffer most from this policy was James Harwood. Though a Mormon, Harwood did not get along well with the bishop. They initially clashed over a tithing dispute. During one of his weekly trips to Salt Lake City Harwood had discovered that certain goods he had donated to the church were never registered in his name at the General Tithing Office. To further aggravate the situation, Bishop Evans requested that Harwood donate a pair of beautifully matched horses for tithing. He refused the bishop's demand. Harwood noted in his autobiography that Bishop Evans "commenced abusing me publicly from the stand and telling things that were not true. Things he told were false and I asserted publickly that they were and because I would not publickly acknowledge that I had done wrong in saying so and submit to be abused by him I was cut [off] from the church."3 . 1 ,.j Lehi Roller Mills, ca. 1915. (Courtesy Sherm Robinson.) , I FLOUR AND GRIST MILLS I I John Hansen had been fishing most of t herded sheep nearby. Towards ",,,,"",,,,, got into a rowboat without dars and dri pond. A high wind began tp blow and to paddle ashore with theirl hands. , to make headway, Ted, la strong into the water and began to !swim to too choppy, however, and he while his friend looked Ion blew the boat ashore and young help from a nearby fisherrhan. A "'If"o, •• ,,", hied and the body 'was recovered I Bobby Wagner met death in on 15 April 1964. The Pleasant Grove had swam out to Grass Island, but to shore young Wagner wa~ stricken wi sank. His companion swa~ to the nearby Utah-Idaho Sugar Company he told manager Morris <±Iark what Clark quickly summoned his work crew, Stewart, Dale Colledge, Guy Edwards, and they repeatedly dove lnto the to find the boy. Their efforts were not recovered until the foilowing day. *' Lehi Roller Mills .: fifteen years after the Spnng Creek Flo operation, Lehi farmers had to haul :W;/~1U"'''_''U Fork for milling. After '-U :' .."Uo;;l Lehi Commercial Club, the 22 June 1 announced that Lehi was to have "a modern pattern and equipment." the Lehi Mill & Elevator <=;ompany, 000 in the new venture', included , Lehi Mercantile, Racker Cutler. G. N. Child, John Y. Smith, Henry Lewis, John Roberts, David b, Thaddeus Powell, George Webb, I a stockholders meeting in ~arly July 1 "Webb was appointed chairman and S. secretary of the new company. Parley ~ustin, S. I. Goodwin, Thad James H. Gardner, G. N ~ Child, W . .,.." In,....__ \; Mr. Perry, David Smith, John J. Evans (Machinery). : for the mill was selected on East Main factory spur of the Uni9n Pacific 27 July Banner reported tha~ rock was bei the structure's foundation. The contract machinery was let to the Wolf Company , Pennsylvania, the largest suppliers in the United States. ~This eq four sets of double rollers, one washer; two reels, one cleaner, one dust roller, 8 one separator, and one bran duster. , , !. The three-story-high building, with its multitude of i , ' cables, belts, and whirring machinery, was initially pow-'l ered by a fifty-horsepower motor. Under the manage"::'lit : . ' , ment of Parry and Franck, the first sack of flour was " ,,' produced on 2 April 1906. Full ~aily capaci!y of s~xty I · ' ' ' to seventy bushels was soon achIeved. The ImmedIate I success of the mill required that an addition be built in i' May 1906. And when the directors met later that sum; I mer on 30 July they decided to immediately erect an ! elevator with a capacity of 10,000 bushels. I The long-term prosperity of the mill has largely been ! linked to the success of the dry farm wheat raised in , ' Cedar Valley. The first local interest in dry farming was : raised in 1905 when Dr. John A. Widtsoe gave a lec- ' ture on the topic. In 1906 Congress passed a bill open- i ing the Fort Crittenden (Camp Floyd) Military Reserve : to private ownership. On 30 July 1906 a large number I of Lehi men met in the Primary School building.to dis- i cuss "arid farming." Bishop Andrew Fjeld acted as chair- : man of the group. After discussing how to obtain land , parcels, the price of planting and fencing, a vote was i taken to organize a co-op to dry farm on a large scale. i A land-selection committee was appointed which con~ i sisted of A. J. Evans, G. L. Stookey, Henry' Lewis, ; Peter Schow, and G. N. Child. Their objective was ' to travel to Cedar Valley and select 5,000-6,000 acres I, of land for the co-op. The committee for soliciting I acreage consisted of Ed Southwick, James M. Kirk- i ' " ham, Dr. E. C. Merrihew, R. John Whipple, and i John Roberts. " During the 6 August 1906 dry farm meeting the com-! ' ' mittee reported that while there was ample land in Cedar , Valley it could only be registered to homesteaders' willing to file on a quarter section. This discouraged , most of the group and the idea of forming a co-op was: "/i ' abandoned. Although a land co-op was not formed, many Lehi men filed on Smoot Homesteads, as the land parcels', , were called. Successful dry farmers in the area hav~ included Albert Sprately, Lyman Losee, Roy Lott,' Mendenhall Brothers, John and Harry Stoker, Isaac Hardman, John Beveridge and Sons, John Devey and Sons, C. E. Wade, James H. Gardner, Aaron Allred,! Ed Southwick, Arthur Hawkins, Clark and Hall, Hyrurti and Earl Smith, A. D. Rhodes, Peter C. Adamson J Lazelle Mulliner, A. W. Davis, John R. and Ernest " Hindley, A. A. Johnson, Freeman Brothers, Hol~ brook Farms (Dr. Horace, Gam, Stephen, and Scott Holbrook), Rodney C. Allred, Douglas Smith, Roose~ velt Smith, Grant and Jim Smith, and Howard and Brent Ault. I In the earliest days of Lehi Roller Mills operatiorl (name changed in 1907), the plant had to regularlyI advertize for grain. "WANTED - 5000 bushels of wheat at 75¢ per bushel and any amount of barley at 85¢ per cwt." was a typical ad of the day in the 14 November 1907 Lehi Banner. On 25 August 1909 Giles & Giles " 230 INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT leased the business and hired William Leffler as Miller. This was only a short-term arrangement, however, as George G. Robinson soon assumed the lease. Robinson, from the age of sixteen to nineteen, apprenticed as a Miller with his father in Delaware. He moved to American Fork in December 1890 and became employed in his uncle W. D. ("Damn-it-to-hell-Bill") Robinson's flour and grist mill. For eight years he was the miller at Chipman's Flour Mill before leasing the Lehi Roller Mills in 1909. In 1910 Robinson purchased the mill from the co-op and within three years had begun an extensive modernization project. The mill was enlarged and its milling capacity increased from 75 to 110 barrels daily. The Turkey Red Wheat grown in Cedar Valley then and now is considered superior to any other dry farm wheat grown in the area; high percentage of gluten is more desirable for bread. Since Robinson purchased the Lehi Roller Mills this wheat has been the plant's mainstay. By World War I he had built up a reputation for making superior flour that no other miller could touch. He gradually secured the high-grade-baker's trade of Salt Lake City and was thus able to pay a high price for local wheat. In 1915 Robinson contracted with the Birrell EngineerCompany to construct a 43,000-bushel capacity grain elevator. Four concrete silos, ten feet in diameter, rested on a concrete base forty-one-feet-eight-inches square and six-feet deep. The four silos each hold 10,000 bushels and are joined on the sides so as to form a fifth compartment that has a capacity of 3,000 bushels all completely rodent- and fire-proof. The demand for Lehi flour continued. In just one month (November 1925) the Lehi Roller Mills took orders for eighteen carloads of flour from bakeries and dealers in Salt Lake City and California. Ten cars were for Turkey Red Brand, five cars for regular soft wheat grade (Peacock Brand), and three cars were whole wheat. After George G. Robinson's 1936 death his sons Sherman land Raymond Robinson continued to operate the mill. During World War II all the flour milled was sold to. the government for the war effort. R. Sherman Robinson, George G.'s grandson, who had been taught .to run the mill by his father, became the manager of the family-owned mill in 1980,- "I deal now with farmers whose grandfathers dealt with my grandfather," Sherm is fond of saying. But it has only been made possible because of the Robinsons' efforts to continually upgrade their business. In the late 1970s it became evident that in order to stay in the milling business the Lehi Roller Mills would have to undergo complete retooling. Accordingly the Robinsons instigated a thorough modernization process installing imported Swiss milling equipment that when completed in 1985 increased production capacity to 60,000 bushels a day and storage capacity to 100,000 bushels. c. The process whereby grain is converted into is a tmPlicated and fascinating one. After the is un oaded into a :hopper it is conveyed over rator where wild oai~, dirt, shrunken and cracked and r,aff are removed before the wheat is From the scales the heat is directed into storage accor ing to predetermined protein content and I facto ,s. Fr0m the storage lbins precise quantities of grade~ of wheat, measured automatically in 120 PEunds, are bIen.ded to a predetermined final contert. The blendtfd wheat is then washed, and scoured before entering the mill. After U1Vl~",JJ!!, to tohghen the bran, or outer coating, the passe~ through a series of rolls. Sifters and systerhs of conveyor~ separate the bran and shorts the flbur. Prior to the early 1970s wheat hU1".rnllllt were bonverted into!chicken mash and dairy feed. jBut today the ran and shorts are sold for fi'lh and animal feed. O~ce the byproducts have been removed flour '.1it receives further refining in a mechanism' a Wh~'sifter. The enclosed flour particles are by mans of a series. of silk screens. The coarser cles a e shunted back to the rolls for further and t~e finer particles, the finished product, are to a storage bin on the loading level. automaticallY c.ontrolled power driven flour is des gned with a downspout adjusted to reach to th bottom of thd attached flour sack. This down spout compatts the flour in the sack ' mati cally stops its flow at the predetermined . Whil±some sacks ate still mechanically sewn, cent re now glued, :a process that prevents all Thl company's f~miliar cotton flour bags Turkey Red and Peacock Brand logos are a . ot only are the colorful ing ~hi tradition. N indic tor of high quality flour, but the bags for any years serv~d as respectable items of and ~edding. Turkey Red aprons, Peacock Turkey Red sheets, I Peacock pillowcases, Red ~nderwear werJ fashionable items of ., T~e Lehi Roller Mills presently specializes whea~ flour, bleacqed and unbleached crackf.d wheat cereal, and germade ( cere a . Long-term Lehi Roller Mills ",.",uv., ... past ~ave included Eugene Gurney, Harold KirkHam, Farrell Jbrgensen, John [Bus1Halladay, and:Alvin Schow the ill, one of only four hundred turlctIOIUi mills in the country, operates six days a staff f fifteen full- and part-time em,olClVeclS, W~I ile the Lehi Roller Mills is in flour, the picturesqtie structure has also ular aven for artis~s. The mill has been in pe cil, ink, watercolor, and oils by The 9uilding's great~st acclaim, however, Y .' ' .h ~ FLOUR AND GRIST MILLS ,backdrop for many i of the scent in 1984 blockbuster movie, Footloose. nr(1.nn"pn by Dan Melnick, directed by , erb Kevin Bacon and Lori Singer,~' the American town that has banned da cing music. A new teenager (Bacon) move into love with the minister's daughter (Sin1ger), fight against the dancb ban. The da1cing was energetic, the Kenny Loggins sf-und but the eighty-year old Lehi Roller rytills, most distinctive landmark, was the tru] star 9 ' , Canning FactoryILehi Cereal Mill first canning factory last~d only one s~son. 1893 J. E. Keenan convinced a group of Lehi including Thomas R. Cutler, Ira D. ines, E. Racker, William Clark, and T. F. rane, $4,000 in moving his plant from OgdEn to the 28 September 1893 Lehi Brnner with the cannery's processing of tomftoes, and cabbage, disagreement between Keenan , local stockholders, plus the fact that the ~quip­ antiquated and useless, r,' esulted in c1o~sure. I'S CANNING FACTORY AN ASS RED ," announced the 24 I'October 1914 Lehi The proposed plant, with an intended p oduc"'V~I_~V"J of twenty thousand cans per day, eeded of one hundred acres of tbmatoes each eason hundreds of bushels of peaches and other fruits. stockholders in the $10,000 venture in luded Bradshaw, John Devey, Israel Evans, Jr., James , Dr. Horace Holbrook (plant ma1ager), Davis, Edward Southwick, ~ and S. W. Ro s. , Lehi Canning Company considered thr ,e sites , new factory: Gilchrist corne,' r near the san/ ped, ro depot (uptown), east of the Lehi Rolle Mills the Interurban and sugar factory spur racks, the James G. Gray property on the west nd of North at Fifth West (adjacent to the new Salt & Utah, Railroad line-the Orem Interurba~). W. president of the railrdad company, \vas so to have the factory built near his line (tHe Gray I ) that he offered the company one free r cre of and all necessary tracks and spurs. Orem offer was accepted :a nd a two-sto ~y lumbuilding, thirty-two by one hundred and t~n feet, under construction on the site by mid-November. lower floor housed the canning machinery (manuby Hastings Industrial' Company), ~nd the and engine rooms. The upper floor was fpr storof empty cans. In addition a coal house, loading scale house, and a sixty-by-eighty-five-fo? t brick (with storage capacity~of half a milliln cans) eventually built on the grounds. lO _ Company stockholders hired :M. B. Mann, former . , of the Woods C~oss Canning Piant, to 231 run the Lehi cannery. He in turn trained local men Leo Goates and George Lewis in the intricacies of the operations. From the outset the plant was plagued with problems. While management initially intended to can tomatoes, asparagus, beans, and sauerkraut, they ultimately only processed tomatoes ("New Stone" variety). The first two years they packed an average of 360,000 cans of "Lehi Brand Tomatoes." The third and final year of the cannery's operation was a dismal failure, however. Plant manager O. H. Youngberg, recalled George Lewis, "had a kid on the sealing machine, a kid to send the cans down a chute from upstairs, and some girls [as many as thirty] to peel the tomatoes. We had to file a lid once in awhile to see that it was tight and didn't leak, but sometimes we forgot to do that and some of the cans leaked." The cannery also began making ketchup from the peelings, but Lewis remembered "we got sand in the ketchup. We couldn't sell the stuff and that was the last year it ran."11 For a time there was hope that all twenty-five Utah canning factories (including Lehi's) would be amalgamated under the leadership of Thomas R. Cutler, vicepresident and general manager of the Utah-Idaho Sugar Company. But this movement never succeeded and Lehi's cannery failed to open after the 1917 season. i After the plant's closure, John F. Bradshaw' and Edward Southwick headed a group of investors (0. H. Youngberg, R. John Whipple, M. S. Lott, Theodore Peirson, and Franklin Bradshaw) who bought out the other stockholders for thirty to forty cents on the dollar. The group, using the same bylaws, formed a new corporation, the Lehi Cereal Company, with Southwick installed as the firm's president, J. Whitcomb the millwright, and O. H. Youngberg as plant superintendent. The mill, with a daily capacity of fifty barrels of flour, was in full operation by late March 1922. Powered by a steam engine, the Lehi Cereal Mill achieved moderate success for approximately five years processing flour .12 In the spring of 1935 groceryman C. L. Johnson and millwright T. H. Southworth purchased the dormant cereal mill from the Bradshaw group, retooled it, then opened the "Lehi Lily Cereal and Feed Mills." A 14 March 1935 Lehi Sun advertisement for the mill noted it was "headquarters for flour, cereals, all varieties of grains and feeds, hay and [Peerless] coal." Before the year was up Southworth bought out his partner, changing the business's name to "Lehi Lily Cereal Company." A 12 September 1935 Lehi Free Press ad reported: "We do all kinds of cleaning, rolling and feed grinding and make all kinds of whole wheat cereals. We sell hard wheat flour." In early February 1936 Southworth sold the business to Odell Peterson and Ralph Smith. Ray Stewart purchased the mill in the late 1930s. At the end of World War II he installed new elevating equipment, cleaners, and scales which increased his production capacity to 1,600 bushels of grain an hour. He also purchased property straddling Dry Creek across ." ·\ [phone] LEIIJ 1<& Ye~teryears: Lehi Roller Mills Continued from front page ; Cu ler, G. N. Child, John Y. Smith, James ff· Gardner, Henry Lewis, John Roberts, D vis Smith , Thomas Webb , Thaddeus . well, GeorgeWebbandMathiasKnudsen. The site for the mill was selected on ast Main Street on the sugar factory spur f the Union Pacific Railroad (the sugar actory was a mile further down the line). e contract for th.e mill's' machi~ery was t to the Wolf Company of Chambersburg, enn., the largest suppliers ofmill machinry in the United States. This equipment included- fo'ur-sets of double rollers, one washer, two purifiers , .two reels, one cleaner, one dust roller , one gyrator,oneseparat~r, and one bran duster. The three-story-high building, with its multitude of cables, belts, and wh irring machinery, was initIally powered by a fiftyhorsepower motor. Under the management of Parry and Franck, the first sack of flour was produced on April 2, 190.6. Full daily 1 capacity of 60. to 70. bushels was soon , achieved. ' The immediate success of the required that an addition be built in May !. 190.6. Andwhenthedirectorsmetlaterthat , summer on July 30., they decided to immediately erect an elevator with a capacity"of 10.,0.0.0. bus!1els. . The long-tenn prosperity ofthe mill has largely been linked the success of the dry fann wheat raised in Cedar Valley. . . . The first local interest in dry fanning was raised in 190.5 when Dr. John A. Widtsoe gave a l~ture on the topic. In 190.6 Congress passed 'a bill opening the Fort Crittenden (Camp Floyd) Military Reserve to private ownership. On July 30., 190.6, a large number ofLehi men met in the Primary School building to discuss "arid farming." Bishop Andrew Fjeld acted as chairman of the group. After discussing how to obtain land parcels, the price of planting and fencing, avote W!lS taken to organize a co-op to dry farm on a large scale. A land-selection committee I - was appointed which consisted of A. J . Kvans, G. L. Stookey, Henry Lewis, Peter Schow and G. N. Child. Their objective was to travel to Cedar Valley and se.lect 5,0.0.0.'O.O.O. acres of land for the co-op. Duringthe Aug. 6, 190.6, dry farm meetiiigthecommitteereported that~h. ilethere. . was ample land in Cedar Valley. it could I. I -rno are joined on the sides so as to form a lith compartment that has a capacity of ,0.0.0. bushels all completely rodent- and Ire-proof. The Turkey Red and Peacock Brand logos, olorfully painted on the east side of the concrete silos have been a Lehi tradition for nearly eight decades. The white cotton flour bags, on which the Turkey Red and Peacock Brand stencil were displayed, for many years served as respectable items of clothing and bedding in town. Turkey Red aprons, Peacock tablecloths, Turkey Red sheets, Peac<><:k pillowases, and ·Turkey Red underwear were ashionableitems of the :past. . After George G. Robinson's 1936 death is sons Shennan and Raymond Robinson ontinued to operate the mill. During World ar II all the flour milled was sold to the overnment for the war effort. R. ShernlanRobinson, George G.'s grandson, who had beeri taught to run the mill by his father, became the manager of the family-owned mill in 1980.. . "I deal now with farmers whose grandfathers dealt W'lth my grandfather ," Sherm is fond of saying. But it 'has'only been made possible because ofthe Robinson's efforts fa 'continually upgrade their business. In the late 1970.s it became evident that inqrder to'sta), in the milling business the' LehiRoller Mjlls would have to undergo .. . <;omplete retootr.l)g and expansion. Accordingly the Robinsons instigated a thorough modernization process installing imported Swiss milling equipment that when completed in 1985 increased production capacity to 60,0.0.0. bushels a day. . The 1990. completion of anew warehouse increased their storage capacity to 10.0.,0.0.0. . bushels. While the Lehi Roller Mills is in business to make whole wheat flour:bleached and unbleached white flour, cracked wheat ce, real, and gennade (cream of wheat) cereal, the picturesque structure has also become a popular haven for artists. The mill has been immortalized in pencil, ink, watercolor, and oils by dozens of artists. We locals are immensely proud of the Lehi Roller Mills, not only for its resplendent appearance, but for its remarkable record of 86 years of commercial success. One of only four hundred functioning flour mills in the country today, the plant oper-, ' feet deep . ;, ates six days a week with a staff of 15 fullmovi;e--,';l'I"FI'I';oo-t'!"loo-s-e.-·---·--··-~ -_~----"'1 The four silos each hold 10.,0.0.0. bushels and part-time employees. The film, produced 'by Dan to the MulHner gn" IDm • H.CH " 0 - - 'He, = c•••· ".eo "•• ~.= n. Melnick, directed by Herb Ross, and buIlt on the southwest end of the ~~S 0 age !2 mill to ~ only be registered to homesteaders willing to file on a quarter section. This discouraged most of the group' and the idea of fonning a co-op was abandoned. Although a land co-op was not fonned, many Lehi men filed on Smoot Homesteads, as the land parcels were called, ushering in the age of dry fanning in Utah.County. By 190.7 the Lehi Mill & Elevator Company had changed its name to the Lehi Roller Mills and was storing and processing virtually all the grain grown in the area . . In those early days the plant had to regularly advertize for grain. "Wanted-50.0.0.bushelsofwheat at 75c per bushel and any amount of barley at 85c per cwt (hun'dred weight)" was a typical ad ofthe day in 190.7. On Aug. 25, 190.9, Giles & Giles leased the bu siness and hired William Lerner as miller. This was only a short-tenn arrangement, however, as George G. Robinson soon assumed the lease. Robinson, from the age of 16 to 19, apprenticed as a miller with his father in Delaware. He moved to American Fork in December 1890. and became employed in his uncle W.D . ("Damn-it-to-hell Bill") Robinson's flour and grist mill. For eight years he was the miller at Chipman's Flour Mill before leasing the beni Roller Mills in 1~0.9. . In 191Q ·Robirison · p.ur.chased ~he mill from the co-op and within threeyeaishad. begun an extensive modernization project. The mill was enlarged and its milling ca. pacity increased from 75 to 110. barrels . daily. . The Turkey Red Wheat. grown· in Cedar Valley then and now is'consideredsuperior to any other dry farm wheat grown in the area because of its high percentage of gluten. . Since RobInson purChased the LehiRoller Mills this wheat has been the plant's mainstay. By World War I he had built up a reputation for making superior flour that no other miller could touch. He gradually ecuredthehigh-grade-baker'stradeofSalt ke City and was thus able to pay a high price for local wheat. · In 1915 Robinsori" contracted with the Birrell Engineer Company to construct a 43,0.0.0.-bushel capaci~ygrain elevator. Four concrete silos, 100feetin diameter, rested on a concrete base 41-feet 8-inches square and ., ' , t ·, ,- , ! LEHI NATIONAL REGISTER NOMINATIONS: HISTORICAL CONTEXT 1. Settlement and Town Building: 1851-1873 2. Coming of the Railroad: 1873-1881 3. Economic Diversification: 1881SETTLEMENT AND TOWN BUILDING: 1851-1873 Contradicting Frederick Jackson Turner's frontier thesis that the West was settled by individuals, the settlement of the Great Basin was largely accomplished by groups-communities of Mormon Saints. Lehi, Utah was one of a string of towns established along the Wasatch front to establish and consolidate the church's strength in the most impressive colonizing efforts in the history of the movement west. Each decade between 1847 and 1867 the church founded one hundred new towns, solidifying the Mormon dominance of the region, and spreading the religion and lifestyle of the church throughout Utah territory. In advance of settlement, church president Brigham Young sent out exploration parties to survey the region and identify areas suitable for colonization. Apostle Parley P. Pratt led the first such venture into Utah valley in December 1847. His report favorably recommended the area and plans began the next year for the colonization of Utah valley. In March 1849 the first group of settlers camped along the Provo River, a few miles east of the present site of Provo, Utah. It was another year before settlers headed for the site of Lehi, a place early passed over because of the limited availability of water, a problem that would plague the community for the first several years. Nevertheless, within the year wheat, corn, potatoes, squash and other vegetables were planted and plans were made to divert water out of American Fork Canyon for an irrigation system. Regardless of early opinions to the contrary, Lehi's advantageous location on the road toward Provo and the east of the Tintic mining district made it a perfect spot for settlement. The settlers lived in makeshift cabins scattered along "Dry Creek." Eventually, it was deemed judicious to build a fort to secure the group against conflicts with local Native Americans. By the fall of 1853, sixty cabins had been moved to First South and Second West to form a seventy-five-rod square fort. During the early 1850s, Lehi's residents, like most of Utah's pioneers, struggled for survival and made do with what they had until they could plant crops and set up production of goods. Transportation costs made states goods particularly expensive, therefore, the people had to depend on what they could produce locally. Most townspeople lived in the fort until the late 1860s or area immediately surrounding it. Eventually, however, they moved out of the fort and constructed new homes, first of adobe because they were easily built without specialized skills and tools and after the 1870s of kiln-baked brick, stone, and logs. Soon, like many other rural Mormon towns, Lehi had wide dusty streets lined by ditches on both sides. These ditches functioned as irrigation canals and as well as the source of culinary water. Lehi's transformation from a temporary site on the road south to a more permanent and diversified town occurred gradually through the last few decades of the nineteenth century. Soon a variety of services were available to area residents. The communities first mill was constructed of adobe on the banks of the Jordan River south of the present site of the Lehi Roller Mills during the late 1850s. Within the decade saloons, boarding houses, and a variety of mercantile institutions lined Lehi's streets. COMING OF THE RAILROAD, 1873-1881 But the watershed event that changed Lehi 's history was the coming of the railroad in 1873. The railroad altered the city and ushered in a new period of development. Most important, it established Lehi as an important trade and transportation hub in Utah valley. Lehi received an extra boon to growth when the Denver and Rio Grande Railway laid a line across the southern and western part of town in 1881. That same year, the Salt Lake and Western Railroad built a line through Lehi. Branching westward from the Utah Southern tracks, this line was used to transport freight from the Tintic Mining District. The place these two lines crossed was called Lehi Junction and eventually included numerous brickyards, a general store, assay offices, an artificial stone factory, a school, a Mormon meetinghouse and dozens of residents . Lehi developed two town centers--one located along Main Street between First East and Fifth West streets and the second along State Street--at the locations of the intersections of two major railroads. Besides the railroad depots themselves, the structures built at these junctions centered around the railroad : mercantile establishments, hotels, and houses provided services and a resting stop for travelers passing through and residents alike . ECONOMIC DIVERSIFICATION The 1890 Sanborn Map illustrates a substantial commercial area on the block between First and Second West along Main Street. Besides a People's Coop, these buildings included: Trane and Evans Mercantile, the Lehi Hotel, Lehi City Hall, Lehi Drug Store, Garff Mercantile, the Lehi Opera House, Harwood and sons Harness Shop, the Lehi Post Office, Dorton Brother's Grocery, an agricultural implement store, a bootmaker, a tinshop, a saloon, a barbershop, and the New West Academy (a private Congregationalist school). Clearly, by the end of the nineteenth century Lehi had become a community offering a growing variety of services, cultural amenities and businesses to satisfy local tastes. With diversification came designers, contractors, and craftsmen, improvements in building technology and a growing number of styles. Lehi's Utah Sugar Company was the town's first factory and premiere business after 1889. Buildings along Lehi's Main Street Commercial district reflect the period of growth and prosperity between 1880 and 1920. The architectural styles of the brick buildings erected along this street during this three decade era include Victorian and NeoClassical Revival styles, as well as non-styled vernacular designs. Reacting to a slight decline in population at the turn of the century, Lehi's Commercial Club attempted to encourage new industries and social diversion including: the Lehi Mill and Elevator Company (1906); Mount Pickle Factory (1906); the Central Experimental Farm (1906); and the Lehi Waterworks (1907-09) . HEN MAN FOUND HE COULD TAKE A PlANT FROM THE EARTH AND TURN IT INTO EDIBLE FORM, HE DISCOVERED THE WORLD'S BASIC FOOD - BREAD. THE "PlANT" WAS RAW WHEAT. ITS ORIGIN IS A MYSTERY. W HEAT BECAME THE FOCUS OF MAN'S LIFE. WHERE WHEAT GREW, MAN GATHERED AND THESE GATHERINGS EVOLVED INTO CIVILIZATION'S FIRST CITIES. ·. ", Makes up about 83% ' of a wheat kernel and is the source of white flour. , Are included in whole wheat flour but are more often rem,oved and used , ,for other purposes ' . and comprise 'about 14% of the kernel. The embryo or germ " makes up about 3% ' , of the kernel and is ' usually separated ' because' the fat con- ' tent limits the .keeping quality of flour. W ITH A PERSONAL COMMITMENT TO THE BAKERS AND MANUFAcTuRERs OF THE WEST, THE ROBINSON FAMILY HAS BUILT A PROUD REPUTATION FOR SUPERIOR MILLING PRODUCTS. ]E VERY ELEMENT OF THE LEHI ROLLER MILLS ... THE PEOPLE ... THE FACILITY ... THE TECHNOLOGY ... THE PRODUCT ... REFLECTS THAT PRIDE. THE LONG AND CLOSE ASSOCIATION WITH BAKERIES AND LARGE AND SMALL MANUFACTURERS AND PURVEYORS ATTESTS TO THE VALUE CUSTOMERS PLACE ON THIS LRM COMMITTMENT TO SERVICE AND QUALITY. CUSTOM-MILLED WHEAT PRODUCTS FOR YOUR SPECIAL NEEDS. CORRESPONDENCE Department of Community & Economic Development Division of State History Utah State Historical Society Michael O. Leavitt Governor MaxJ. Evans Director 300 Rio Grande Salt Lake City, Utah 84101-1182 [phone] FAX: [phone] June 15, 1994 Ronald V. Smith, Mayor Lehi City 153 North 100 East Lehi, UT 84043 Dear Mayor Smith: It is my distinct pleasure to inform you that the Lehi Roller Mills located at 700 East Main Street in Lehi, Utah, nominated by the Utah Board of State History and the Utah State Historic Preservation Officer, was officially listed in the National Register of Historic Places by the National Park Service on June 3, 1994. Listing in the National Register is intended to encourage preservation as well as provide recognition of a property's significance. A 20 percent federal tax credit is available for substantial rehabilitation of residential rental and commercial properties. In addition, a 20 percent state tax credit is available for the rehabilitation of historic residential properties. We are pleased to assist the owners of properties listed in the National Register with either application process should they wish to apply. We have also provided the owner with information about the National Register certificate and commemorative marker to aid in the public recognition of the significance of this property. Please contact Julie Osborne in our Historic Preservation Office at 5333559 if you have any questions or if we may be of any assistance. Sincerely, //}/l / /] /)- /j/'UJ'I Wilson G. Martin Associate Director and Deputy State Historic Preservation Officer cc: Mr. John Rockwell, 208 E. 200 S., Lehi, UT 84043 Board of State History: Marilyn C. Barker • Dale L. Berge • Boyd A. Blackner • Peter L. Goss David D. Hansen • Carol C. Madsen • Dean L. May • Christie Needham • Thomas E. Sawyer • Penny Sampinos • JelTY Wylie Department of Community & Economic Development Division of State History Utah State Historical Society Mic h ael O. Leavitt Governor Max J . Evan s Di rector 300 Rio Grande Salt Lake City, Utah 84101·11 82 (80 1) 533-3500 FAX: [phone] June 20, 1994 Sherman Robinson P.O. Box 217 700 East Main Street Lehi, UT 84043 Dear Mr. Robinson: It is my distinct pleasure to inform you that the Lehi Roller Mills located at 700 East Main Street in Lehi, Utah, nominated by the Utah Board of State History and the Utah State Historic Preservation Officer, was officially listed in the National Register of Historic Places by the National Park Service on June 3, 1994. In recognition of the listing of your property, we would like to present to you an official National Register certificate. It contains the name of the site, the nature of its significance, the date of listing, an embossed gold seal, and the signatures of the Governor, the chair of the Board of State History, and the State Historic Preservation Officer. There is no charge for this certificate. Please contact Charles Shepherd in our Historic Preservation Office at 533-3562 if you would like to receive this certificate. A public presentation can be arranged if you so desire. We also suggest that a marker be placed to give your historic property additional public recognition. Please contact our office for details if you are interested in purchasing a marker. Listing in the National Register is intended to encourage preservation as well as provide recognition of a property's significance. A 20 percent federal tax credit is available for substantial rehabilitation of residential rental and commercial properties. In addition, a 20 percent state tax credit is available for the rehabilitation of historic residential properties. We would be pleased to assist you with either application process should you wish to apply. Please contact our office if you have any questions or if we may be of assistance to you. Sincerely, Wilson G. Martin Associate Director and Deputy State Historic Preservation Officer cc: Mr. John Rockwell, 208 E. 200 S., Lehi, UT 84043 Board of State History: Marilyn C. Barker • Dale L. Berge • Boyd A. Blackner • Peter L. Goss David D. Hansen • Carol C. Madsen • Dean L. May • Christie Needham • Thomas E. Sawyer • Penny Sam pi nos • Jerry Wylie United States Department of the Interior NATIONAL PARK SERVICE P.o. BOX 37117 WASHINGTON, D.C. 200\3-7127 IN REPLY REfER TO : TAKE PRIOEIN AMERKA - • -- -. The Director of the National Park Service is pleased to inform you that the fol lowing properties have been entered in the National Register of Historic Places . For further information cal I 202/343-9542. IJEEKlY LIST OF ACTIONS TAKEN ON PROPERTIES: 5/23/94 THROUGH 5/27/94 KEY: State, County, Property Name, Address/Boundary, City, Vicinity, Reference Number NHL Status, Action, Date, Multiple Name ARKANSAS, HEMPSTEAD COUNTY, Cl i nton, Bill, Birthplace, 117 S. Hervey St., Hope, 94000472, NOMINATION, 5/19/94 FLORIDA, DADE COUNTY, MacFarlane Homestead Historic District, Roughly bounded by Jefferson St., Frow Ave., Brooker St. and Grand Ave., Coral Gables, 94000533, NOMINATION, 5/26/94 FLORIDA, SARASOTA COUNTY, Corrigan House, 463 Sapphire Dr., Sarasota, 94000528, NOMINATION, 5/26/94 GEORGIA, GRADY COUNTY, Cairo Commercial Historic District, Roughly bounded by Broad St_, Railroad Ave. and Martin Luther King Ave., with adjacent properties on 2nd Ave. and 1st St, Cairo, 94000525, NOMINATION, 5/26/94 GEORGIA, MERIIJETHER COUNTY, Bulloch, Benjamin F., House, Spring St., IJarm Springs, 94000524, NOMINATION, 5/26/94 NEIJ JERSEY, HUNTERDON COUNTY, Frenchtown Historic District, Bounded by 12th St., IJashington St., the Delaware R. ar.d Nishisakawick Cr., FrenchtolO,', 94000438, NOMINATION, 5/19/94 NORTH CAROLINA, DAVIE COUNTY, Foard--Tatum House, At end of NC 1101, Cooleemee vicinity, 94000530, NOMINATION, 5/26/94 NORTH CAROLINA, DUPLIN COUNTY, Herring, Needham IJhitfield, House, 201 NC 24-50, Kenansville, 94000529, NOMINATION, 5/26/94 NORTH CAROLINA, LEE COUNTY, Euphronia Presbyterian Church, 3800 Steel Bridge Rd., Sanford, 94000527, NOMINATION, 5/26/94 (Lee County MPS) PcNNSY:'VAlUA, HUNTINGDON COUNTY, Mount Union Historic District, Roughly bounded by IJater al'd Greene Sts., the I.O.O.F Cemetery, IJashington and lafayette Sts., Shirley Township, Mount Union Borough, 94000516, NOMINATION, 5/26/94 PENNSYLVANIA, PHILADELPHIA COUNTY, University Avenue Bridge, 1000 block S. University Ave., Phi lade.lphia, 94000515, NOMINATION, 5/26/94 UTAH, SUMMIT COUNTY, Bardsley, Dr . IJilliam, House, 517 Park Ave •• Park City, 94000531, NOMINATION, 5/26/94 (Residences of Mining Boom Era Park City MPS) UTAH, UTAH COUNTY, lehi Roller Mills, 700 E. Main St., Lehi, 94000535, NOMINATION, 5/26/94 UTAH, IJASATCH COUNTY, Burgener--Boss Farmstead, 102 IJ. 100 North, Midway, 94000534, NOMINATION, 5/26/94 IJISCONSIN, DANE COUNTY, Sure Johns on Mound Group, Address Restricted, McFarland vicinity, 94000537, NOMINATION, 5/26/94 (Late IJoodland Stage in Archeology, Region 8 MPS) Department of Community & Economic Development Division of State History Utah State Historical Society Michael O. Leavitt Governor Max J. Evans Director 300 Rio Grande Salt Lake City, Utah 84101-1182 (801) 533·3500 FAX: (801) 533·3503 April 15, 1994 Ca ro 1 D. Shu 11 Chief of Registration National Register of Historic Places Interagency Resources Division National Park Service P. O. Box 37127 Washington, D.C. 20013-7127 Dear Ms. Shull: Enclosed please find the registration forms and documentation for the following properties which have been approved by the Utah Historic and Cultural Sites Review Committee (Utah Board of State History) and the Utah State Historic Preservation Officer for nomination to the National Register of Historic Places : o Burgener-Boss Farmstead, Midway, Wasatch County • Lehi Roller Mills, Lehi, Utah County • Utah Southern Railroad Depot, Lehi, Utah County Thank you for your assistance with these nominations. 533-3559 if you have any questions. Please call me at 801- Sincerely, .~ 1ie W. Osborne chitectural Historian ffice of Historic Preservation Enclosures . Board of State History: Marilyn C. Barker • Dale L. Berge • Boyd A. Blackner • Peter L. Goss DavId D. Hansen • Carol C. Madsen • Dean L. May • Christie Needham • Thomas E. Sawyer • Penny Sam pinos • J erry Wylie Department of Community & Economic Development Division of State History Utah State Historical Society Michael O. Leavitt 300 Rio Gra nde Salt Lake City, Utah 84101·1182 Gove rnor Max J. Evans " Director ' (801 ) 533·3500 FAX : (801 ) 533·3503 April 6, 1994 Sherman Robinson P.O. Box 217 700 East Main Street Lehi, UT 84043 Dear Mr. Robinson: We are pleased to report that the property known as the Lehi Roller Mills located at 700 East Main Street in Lehi, Utah, has been approved by the Utah Board of State History for nomination to the National Register of Historic Places. Within the next two weeks, we will submit the nomination and documentation to the National Register office in Washington, DC, for final approval. This review typically occurs within six to eight weeks. If you have any questions or concerns about this National Register nomination, please contact Julie Osborne of the Historic Preservation Office at 533-3559 or at the address listed above. We appreciate your interest in and support of historic sites in Utah. Since.rel Y, I .?WJ/}~ Wilson G. Martin Associate Director and Deputy State Historic Preservation Officer cc: Mr . John Rockwell; 208 East 200 South; Lehi, UT 84043 . Boa rd of' St atc History: Mari lyn C. Ba rker ' Da le L. Berge ' BO\'d A. Blackner • Peter L Goss Dav id D. Hansen • Ca rol C. Madsen • Dea n L. May • Christie Needha m • Tho ~a$ E. Sawyer • Pe nn y Sampinos • Jerry Wylie t Department of Community & Economic Development Division of State History Utah State Historical Society Michael O. Leavitt Governor MaxJ. Evans Director 300 Rio Grande Salt Lake City, Utah 84101·1182 (801) 533·3500 FAX : (801) 533·3503 . February 25, 1994 Sherman Robinson P.O. Box 217 700 East Main Street Lehi, UT 84043 Dear Mr. Robinson: We are pleased to inform you that the property which you own, the Lehi Roller Mills located at 700 East Main Street in Lehi, Utah, will be considered by the Utah Board of State History for nomination to the National Register of Historic Places. The National Register of Historic Places is the federal government's official list of historic properties worthy of preservation. Listing in the National Register provides recognition and assists in preserving our Nation's heritage. Listing of a property provides recognition of its historic significance and assures protective review of federal projects that might adversely affect the character of the historic property. If the property is listed in the National Register, certain federal investment tax credits for rehabilitation and other provisions may apply. Listing in the National Register does not place limitations on the property by the federal government. Public visitation rights are not required of owners. The federal government will not attach restrictive covenants to the property or seek to acquire them. Enclosed please find a notice that explains, in greater detail, the results of listing in the National Register. It also describes the rights and procedures by which an owner may comment on or object to listing in the National Register. Board of State History: Marilyn C. Barker • Dale L. Berge • Boyd A. Blackner • Peter L. Goss David D. Hansen • Carol C. Madsen • Dean L. May • Christie Needham • Thomas E. Sawyer • Penny Sampinos • Jerry Wylie You are invited to attend the Board of State History meeting at which the nomination will be considered. The Board will meet on March 25, 1994 at 2:00 p.m., in the Board Room of the former Denver and Rio Grande Depot located at 300 South Rio Grande (440 West), Salt Lake City. Should you have any questions about this nomination before the meeting, please contact Julie Osborne of the Historic Preservation Office at 533-3559 . . Sincerely, Wilson G. Martin Associate Director and Deputy State Historic Preservation Officer Enclosure cc: Mr. John Rockwell, 208 East 200 South, Lehi, Utah 84043 Department of Community & Economic Development Division of State History Utah State Historical Society Michael O. Leavitt Governor MaxJ. Evans Director 300 Rio Grande Salt Lake City. Utah 84101-1182 [phone] FAX: [phone] January 12, 1994 Mr. John Rockwell 208 East 200 South Lehi, UT 84043 Dear Mr. Rockwell: We have recently received the revised versions of three nominations prepared by Allen Roberts and Martha Bradley. They appear to meet the minimum standards set for National Register preparation. We would invite any comments you have concerning these nominations. We have approved them as submitted, and are forwarding copies of the evaluation sheets for your records. Per your conversation with Roger Roper on January 10, 1994, I understand that you are comfortable with the State Historic Preservation Office's assessment that the Utah Southern Railroad Depot and People's Co-op Store should wait until current rehabilitation plans have been completed before being submitted for approval. Therefore, our offices will not submit the Depot or the Co-op to the State Board of History for review at this time. However, we will be pleased to present the Lehi Roller Mills nomination for review at the next scheduled board meeting once we have received a signed copy of the enclosed approval letter. If you have any questions, or if you wish to discuss the nominations, please call me at 533-3559. Sincerely, Julie W. Osborne Architectural Historian Enclosure(s) . Board of State History: Marilyn C. Barker • Dale L. Berge • Boyd A. Blackner • Peter L. Goss DaVId D. Hansen • Carol C. Madsen • Dean L. May • Christie Needham • Thomas E. Sawyer • Penny Sampiooe • Jerry Wylie Max J. Evans, Director and State Historic Preservation Officer Utah State Historical Society 300 Rio Grande Salt Lake City, Utah 84101 Dear Mr. Evans: In accordance with the requirements of the Certified Local Government Program, we have reviewed the proposed National Register nominations listed below an~/~r ~: pproval of , the Historic Preservation Commission of ~ recommend that they be submitted for inclusion in the National Register. #/k '--12«/ls we The following nominations were considered and approved. Ch r of Historic P eservation Commission Mayor or County Commission Chair Date Date /3-1- qJ../ :L.":2-- 9£ D.12 MEMO To: Roger Roper, Charles Shepherd From : Allen Roberts, Martha Bradley Here are the revised National Register nominations for the three sites in Lehi , plus your previous review comments. Sorry for the delays. It seems our "windows of opportunity" are few and far between these days. We included the USGS maps in 8-1/2 x 11" format in our original submission , so you should have them. A photocopied sample is included the Lehi Roller Mills nomination (enclosed). Neither the research nor the photos were returned with the review comments. All photos were taken by Allen Roberts in about May, 1993. We have written the owner's names and addresses in green pen on your review checklist sheets. It seems that the owners and the Lehi CLG want you to go ahead and process th e nominations, even though two of them are problematic. We have some of the narratives on computer, but in two different places and not on your standard NR program disk. We would like to obtain two such disks. The one we received earlier was defective. We apologize for the inconvenience caused by not submitting these in your preferred format. Hopefully next time we'll get this all done right. Also, we are not familiar with the need for a "CLG approval letter." We have sent copies of these revised nominations to John Rockwell, the CLG representative . We presume he is the one to send you such a letter. Please let us know if there is anything else we can provide. Like you , we would like to finally put these to bed . Thanks as always for your assistance. t ate Department of Community & Economic Development Division of State History Utah State Historical Society Michael O. Le avitt Governor MaxJ. Evans Director 300 Rio Grande Salt Lake City, Utah 84101-1182 [phone] FAX: [phone] July 29, 1993 Allen Roberts HISTORY PROJECTS 202 West 300 North Salt Lake City, UT 84103 RE: Lehi NR Nominations Dear Allen: Enclosed are draft evaluations and red-lined copies of the three Lehi nominations you submitted. My apologies in the delay in reviewing -- July has been a hectic month. In addition to the specific review comments for each nomination, it seems to make sense to hold the nominations for the depot and the People's Co-op Store until relocation and/or rehabilitation issues are resolved, but this will be the call of the Lehi CLG. Please submit as much of the revised nominations on disk as possible, preferably using the new NR form you received at the consultant's workshop. If you have any questions or need additional assistance, please feel free to contact me at 533-3562. Sincerely, / /)/} ( / /1 L--:<-/ I () LYJ~.\......4;, )(+)./J. _ /."_,,, ../ \ -") -v---_ _ ..". /) Charles M. Shepherd Architectural Historian Office of Historic Preservation Enclosures Board of State History: Marilyn C. Barker • Dale L Berge • Boyd A. Blackner • Peter L. Goss David D. Hansen • Carol C. Madsen • Dean L. May • Christie Needham • Thomas E. Sawyer • Penny Sampinos • Jerry Wylie