Artificial Intelligence in Retinal Imaging

Deep learning (DL) techniques are the latest iterations of artificial intelligence (AI) technology and has sparked significant interest in clinical medicine over the past few years. DL techniques may be used to detect diseases from medical images, including diabetic retinopathy and retinal diseases from retinal photographs, or from OCT. In other fields, DL techniques can diagnose lung conditions from chest X-rays, skin cancers from skin photographs and predict cardiovascular risk factors (e.g., blood pressure, smoking and body mass index) from retinal photographs.