| Description |
Previous research suggests that nonrestorative sleep (NRS) in the absence of insomnia symptoms or other sleep disorders is associated with daytime dysfunction. This study examined the association between NRS and daytime dysfunction in a healthy adult sample (n = 79, 68 % female, mean age = 27.5, SD = 6.5) without insomnia or other sleep disorders using a multiday assessment approach. Daytime dysfunction measures included behavioral assessment of executive functioning (EF) and self-report of perceived EF difficulties, past-month sleep-related dysfunction, and experience-sampled affect ratings, including fatigue. Additionally, the association between NRS and presleep arousal, a vulnerability factor for insomnia, was examined; daytime dysfunction was examined as a mediator of this association. NRS was significantly associated with poorer performance on a behavioral measure of EF, perceived EF difficulties, daily ratings of fatigue, and past-month reported daytime dysfunction--associations remained after controlling for age and sleep duration (measured by actigraphy). The association between NRS and presleep arousal was explained by perceived EF difficulties. Findings suggest that NRS in the absence of other insomnia symptoms is associated with poorer cognitive functioning and may be a vulnerability factor for the development of insomnia. |
